[edit]

• 503 BC – According to the Fasti Triumphales, Roman consul Publius Postumius Tubertus celebrated an ovation for a military victory over the Sabines.
• 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul.
• 801 – King Louis the Pious captures Barcelona from the Moors after a siege of several months.
• 1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England.
• 1077 – The first Parliament of Friuli is created.
• 1559 – The Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis treaty is signed, ending the Italian Wars.
• 1834 – The generals in the Greek War of Independence stand trial for treason.
• 1860 – The first successful United States Pony Express run from St. Joseph, Missouri, to Sacramento, California, begins.
• 1865 – American Civil War: Union forces capture Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederate States of America.
• 1882 – American Old West: Jesse James is killed by Robert Ford.
• 1885 – Gottlieb Daimler is granted a German patent for his engine design.
• 1888 – The first of eleven unsolved brutal murders of women committed in or near the impoverished Whitechapel district in the East End of London, occurs.
• 1895 – The trial in the libel case brought by Oscar Wilde begins, eventually resulting in his imprisonment on charges of homosexuality.
• 1922 – Joseph Stalin becomes the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
• 1933 – First flight over Mount Everest, a British expedition, led by the Marquis of Clydesdale, and funded by Lucy, Lady Houston.
• 1936 – Bruno Richard Hauptmann is executed for the kidnapping and death of Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr., the baby son of pilot Charles Lindbergh.
• 1942 – World War II: Japanese forces begin an assault on the United States and Filipino troops on the Bataan Peninsula.
• 1946 – Japanese Lt. General Masaharu Homma is executed in the Philippines for leading the Bataan Death March.
• 1948 – United States President Harry S. Truman signs the Marshall Plan, authorizing $5 billion in aid for 16 countries.
• 1948 – In Jeju Province, South Korea, a civil-war-like period of violence and human rights abuses begins, known as the Jeju uprising.
• 1955 – The American Civil Liberties Union announces it will defend Allen Ginsberg's book Howl against obscenity charges.
• 1956 – Hudsonville–Standale tornado: The western half of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan is struck by a deadly F5 tornado.
• 1968 – Martin Luther King Jr. delivers his "I've Been to the Mountaintop" speech.
• 1969 – Vietnam War: United States Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird announces that the United States will start to "Vietnamize" the war effort.
• 1973 – Martin Cooper of Motorola makes the first handheld mobile phone call to Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs.
• 1974 – The 1974 Super Outbreak occurs, the second biggest tornado outbreak in recorded history (after the 2011 Super Outbreak). The death toll is 315, with nearly 5,500 injured.
• 1975 – Bobby Fischer refuses to play in a chess match against Anatoly Karpov, giving Karpov the title of World Champion by default.
• 1981 – The Osborne 1, the first successful portable computer, is unveiled at the West Coast Computer Faire in San Francisco.
• 1991 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 687 is adopted in an attempt to reduce tensions between Iraq and Kuwait.
• 1996 – Suspected "Unabomber" Theodore Kaczynski is captured at his Montana cabin in the United States.
• 1997 – The Thalit massacre begins in Algeria; all but one of the 53 inhabitants of Thalit are killed by guerrillas.
• 2000 – United States v. Microsoft Corp.: Microsoft is ruled to have violated United States antitrust law by keeping "an oppressive thumb" on its competitors.
• 2004 – Islamic terrorists involved in the 2004 Madrid train bombings are trapped by the police in their apartment and kill themselves.
• 2007 – Conventional-Train World Speed Record: A French TGV train on the LGV Est high speed line sets an official new world speed record.
• 2008 – ATA Airlines, once one of the ten largest U.S. passenger airlines and largest charter airline, files for bankruptcy for the second time in five years and ceases all operations.
• 2008 – Texas law enforcement cordons off the FLDS's YFZ Ranch. Eventually 533 women and children will be taken into state custody.
• 2009 – Jiverly Antares Wong opens fire at the American Civic Association immigration center in Binghamton, New York, killing thirteen and wounding four before committing suicide.
• 2010 – Apple Inc. released the first generation iPad, a tablet computer.
• 2013 – More than 50 people die in floods resulting from record-breaking rainfall in La Plata and Buenos Aires, Argentina.
• 2016 – The Panama Papers, a leak of legal documents, reveals information on 214,488 offshore companies.

Births[edit]

• 1016 – Emperor Xingzong of Liao (d. 1055)
• 1151 – Igor Svyatoslavich, Russian prince (d. 1202)
• 1245 – King Philip III of France (d. 1285)
• 1438 – John III of Egmont, Dutch noble (d. 1516)
• 1529 – Michael Neander, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1581)
• 1593 – George Herbert, English poet (d. 1633)
• 1639 – Alessandro Stradella, Italian composer (d. 1682)
• 1643 – Charles V, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1690)
• 1682 – Valentin Rathgeber, German organist and composer (d. 1750)
• 1693 – George Edwards, English ornithologist and entomologist (d. 1773)
• 1715 – William Watson, English physician, physicist, and botanist (d. 1787)
• 1764 – John Abernethy, English surgeon and anatomist (d. 1831)
• 1769 – Christian Günther von Bernstorff, Danish-Prussian politician and diplomat (d. 1835)
• 1770 – Theodoros Kolokotronis, Greek general (d. 1843)
• 1778 – Pierre Bretonneau, French doctor who performed the first successful tracheotomy (d. 1862)
• 1781 – Swaminarayan, Indian religious leader (d. 1830)
• 1782 – Alexander Macomb, American general (d. 1841)
• 1783 – Washington Irving, American short story writer, essayist, biographer, historian (d. 1859)
• 1791 – Anne Lister, English diarist, mountaineer, and traveller (d.1840)
• 1798 – Charles Wilkes, American admiral, geographer, and explorer (d.1877)
• 1807 – Mary Carpenter, English educational and social reformer (d. 1877)
• 1814 – Lorenzo Snow, American religious leader, 5th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1901)
• 1822 – Edward Everett Hale, American minister, historian, and author (d. 1909)
• 1823 – George Derby, American lieutenant and journalist (d. 1861)
• 1823 – William M. Tweed, American politician (d. 1878)
• 1826 – Cyrus K. Holliday, American businessman (d. 1900)
• 1837 – John Burroughs, American botanist and author (d. 1921)
• 1842 – Ulric Dahlgren, American colonel (d. 1864)
• 1848 – Arturo Prat, Chilean lawyer and captain (d. 1879)
• 1858 – Jacob Gaudaur, Canadian rower (d. 1937)
• 1860 – Frederik van Eeden, Dutch psychiatrist and author (d. 1932)
• 1864 – Emil Kellenberger, Swiss target shooter (d. 1943)
• 1876 – Margaret Anglin, Canadian actress, director, and producer (d. 1958)
• 1876 – Tomáš Baťa, Czech businessman, founded Bata Shoes (d. 1932)
• 1880 – Otto Weininger, Austrian philosopher and author (d. 1903)
• 1881 – Alcide De Gasperi, Italian journalist and politician, 30th Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1954)
• 1882 – Philippe Desranleau, Canadian archbishop (d. 1952)
• 1883 – Ikki Kita, Japanese philosopher and author (d. 1937)
• 1885 – Allan Dwan, Canadian-American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1981)
• 1885 – Bud Fisher, American cartoonist (d. 1954)
• 1885 – Marie-Victorin Kirouac, Canadian botanist and academic (d. 1944)
• 1885 – St John Philby, English colonial and explorer (d. 1960)
• 1886 – Dooley Wilson, American actor and singer (d. 1953)
• 1887 – Ōtori Tanigorō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 24th Yokozuna (d. 1956)
• 1887 – Nishizō Tsukahara, Japanese admiral (d. 1966)
• 1888 – Neville Cardus, English author and critic (d. 1975)
• 1888 – Thomas C. Kinkaid, American admiral (d. 1972)
• 1889 – Grigoraș Dinicu, Romanian violinist and composer (d. 1949)
• 1893 – Leslie Howard, English actor (d. 1943)
• 1895 – Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Italian-American composer and educator (d. 1968)
• 1895 – Zez Confrey, American pianist and composer (d. 1971)
• 1897 – Joe Kirkwood Sr., Australian golfer (d. 1970)
• 1897 – Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos, Greek general (d. 1989)
• 1898 – George Jessel, American actor, singer, and producer (d. 1981)
• 1898 – Henry Luce, American publisher, co-founded Time Magazine (d. 1967)
• 1899 – David Jack, English footballer and manager (d. 1958)
• 1899 – Maria Redaelli, Italian super-centenarian (d. 2013)
• 1900 – Camille Chamoun, Lebanese lawyer and politician, 7th President of Lebanon (d. 1987)
• 1900 – Albert Walsh, Canadian lawyer and politician, 1st Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland (d. 1958)
• 1904 – Sally Rand, American dancer (d. 1979)
• 1904 – Russel Wright, American furniture designer (d. 1976)
• 1905 – Robert Sink, American general (d. 1965)
• 1907 – Iron Eyes Cody, American actor and stuntman (d. 1999)
• 1910 – Ted Hook, Australian public servant (d. 1990)
• 1911 – Nanette Bordeaux, Canadian-American actress (d. 1956)
• 1911 – Michael Woodruff, English-Scottish surgeon and academic (d. 2001)
• 1911 – Stanisława Walasiewicz, Polish-American runner (d. 1980)
• 1912 – Dorothy Eden, New Zealand-English author (d. 1982)
• 1912 – Grigoris Lambrakis, Greek physician and politician (d. 1963)
• 1913 – Per Borten, Norwegian politician, 18th Prime Minister of Norway (d. 2005)
• 1914 – Ray Getliffe, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2008)
• 1914 – Sam Manekshaw, Indian field marshal (d. 2008)
• 1915 – Piet de Jong, Dutch politician and naval officer, Minister of Defence (1963–1967), Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1967–1971) (d. 2016)
• 1915 – İhsan Doğramacı, Turkish physician and academic (d. 2010)
• 1916 – Herb Caen, American journalist and author (d. 1997)
• 1916 – Cliff Gladwin, English cricketer (d. 1988)
• 1916 – Louis Guglielmi, Catalan composer (d. 1991)
• 1918 – Mary Anderson, American actress (d. 2014)
• 1918 – Louis Applebaum, Canadian composer and conductor (d. 2000)
• 1919 – Ervin Drake, American songwriter and composer (d. 2015)
• 1919 – Clairette Oddera, French-Canadian actress and singer (d. 2008)
• 1920 – Stan Freeman, American composer and conductor (d. 2001)
• 1920 – Yoshibayama Junnosuke, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 43rd Yokozuna (d. 1977)
• 1921 – Robert Karvelas, American actor (d. 1991)
• 1921 – Jan Sterling, American actress (d. 2004)
• 1922 – Yevhen Bulanchyk, Ukrainian hurdler (d. 1996)
• 1923 – Daniel Hoffman, American poet and academic (d. 2013)
• 1924 – Marlon Brando, American actor and director (d. 2004)
• 1924 – Roza Shanina, Russian sergeant and sniper (d. 1945)
• 1925 – Tony Benn, English pilot and politician, Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills (d. 2014)
• 1926 – Alex Grammas, American baseball player, manager, and coach
• 1926 – Gus Grissom, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1967)
• 1927 – Wesley A. Brown, American general and engineer (d. 2012)
• 1928 – Don Gibson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2003)
• 1928 – Emmett Johns, Canadian priest, founded Dans la Rue
• 1928 – Earl Lloyd, American basketball player and coach (d. 2015)
• 1928 – Jennifer Paterson, English chef and television personality (d. 1999)
• 1929 – Fazlur Khan, Bangladeshi engineer and architect, co-designed the Willis Tower and John Hancock Center (d. 1982)
• 1929 – Poul Schlüter, Danish lawyer and politician, 37th Prime Minister of Denmark
• 1930 – Lawton Chiles, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 41st Governor of Florida (d. 1998)
• 1930 – Helmut Kohl, German politician, Chancellor of Germany
• 1930 – Mario Benjamín Menéndez, Argentinian general and politician (d. 2015)
• 1930 – Wally Moon, American baseball player and coach
• 1931 – William Bast, American screenwriter and author (d. 2015)
• 1933 – Bob Dornan, American politician
• 1933 – Rod Funseth, American golfer (d. 1985)
• 1934 – Jane Goodall, English primatologist and anthropologist
• 1934 – Jim Parker, American football player (d. 2005)
• 1936 – Jimmy McGriff, American organist and bandleader (d. 2008)
• 1936 – Harold Vick, American saxophonist and flute player (d. 1987)
• 1938 – Jeff Barry, American singer-songwriter, and producer
• 1938 – Phil Rodgers, American golfer
• 1939 – François de Roubaix, French composer (d. 1975)
• 1939 – Hawk Taylor, American baseball player and coach (d. 2012)
• 1939 – Paul Craig Roberts, American economist and politician
• 1941 – Jan Berry, American singer-songwriter (d. 2004)
• 1941 – Philippé Wynne, American soul singer (d. 1984)
• 1942 – Marsha Mason, American actress
• 1942 – Wayne Newton, American singer
• 1942 – Billy Joe Royal, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2015)
• 1943 – Mario Lavista, Mexican composer
• 1943 – Jonathan Lynn, English actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1943 – Richard Manuel, Canadian singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1986)
• 1943 – Hikaru Saeki, Japanese admiral, the first female star officer of the Japan Self-Defense Forces
• 1944 – Peter Colman, Australian biologist and academic
• 1944 – Tony Orlando, American singer
• 1945 – Doon Arbus, American author and journalist
• 1945 – Bernie Parent, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1945 – Catherine Spaak, French actress
• 1946 – Dee Murray, English bass player (d. 1992)
• 1946 – Hanna Suchocka, Polish lawyer and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Poland
• 1947 – Anders Eliasson, Swedish composer (d. 2013)
• 1948 – Arlette Cousture, Canadian author and screenwriter
• 1948 – Jaap de Hoop Scheffer, Dutch academic, politician, and diplomat, 11th Secretary General of NATO
• 1948 – Carlos Salinas de Gortari, Mexican economist and politician, 53rd President of Mexico
• 1949 – Lyle Alzado, American football player and actor (d. 1992)
• 1949 – A. C. Grayling, English philosopher and academic
• 1949 – Hans-Georg Schwarzenbeck, German footballer
• 1950 – Indrajit Coomaraswamy, Sri Lankan cricketer and economist
• 1951 – Brendan Barber, English trade union leader
• 1951 – Annette Dolphin, British academician and educator
• 1951 – Mitch Woods, American singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1952 – Mike Moore, American lawyer and politician
• 1953 – Sandra Boynton, American author and illustrator
• 1953 – Wakanohana Kanji II, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 56th Yokozuna
• 1953 – James Smith, American boxer
• 1953 – Craig Taubman, American singer-songwriter and producer
• 1954 – Elisabetta Brusa, Italian composer
• 1954 – K. Krishnasamy, Indian physician and politician
• 1956 – Kalle Kulbok, Estonian politician
• 1956 – Boris Miljković, Serbian director and producer
• 1958 – Alec Baldwin, American actor, comedian, producer and television host
• 1958 – Francesca Woodman, American photographer (d. 1981)
• 1959 – David Hyde Pierce, American actor and activist
• 1960 – Arjen Anthony Lucassen, Dutch singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1961 – Tim Crews, American baseball player (d. 1993)
• 1961 – Eddie Murphy, American actor and comedian
• 1962 – Dave Miley, American baseball player and manager
• 1962 – Mike Ness, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1963 – Les Davidson, Australian rugby league player
• 1963 – Ricky Nixon, Australian footballer and manager
• 1963 – Criss Oliva, American guitarist and songwriter
• 1963 – Tsuyoshi Sekito, Japanese guitarist and songwriter
• 1964 – Nigel Farage, English politician
• 1964 – Claire Perry, English banker and politician
• 1964 – Bjarne Riis, Danish cyclist and manager
• 1964 – Andy Robinson, English rugby player and coach
• 1966 – John de Vries, Australian race car driver
• 1967 – Cat Cora, American chef and author
• 1967 – Pervis Ellison, American basketball player
• 1967 – Brent Gilchrist, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1967 – Cristi Puiu, Romanian director and screenwriter
• 1967 – Mark Skaife, Australian race car driver and sportscaster
• 1968 – Sebastian Bach, Bahamian-Canadian singer-songwriter and actor
• 1968 – Charlotte Coleman, English actress (d. 2001)
• 1968 – Jamie Hewlett, English author and illustrator
• 1968 – Tomoaki Kanemoto, Japanese baseball player
• 1969 – Rodney Hampton, American football player
• 1969 – Peter Matera, Australian footballer and coach
• 1969 – Lance Storm, Canadian wrestler and trainer
• 1969 – Seiichi Tanabe, Japanese actor
• 1971 – Vitālijs Astafjevs, Latvian footballer and manager
• 1971 – Emmanuel Collard, French race car driver
• 1971 – Picabo Street, American skier
• 1972 – Jennie Garth, American actress and director
• 1972 – Catherine McCormack, English actress
• 1972 – Sandrine Testud, French tennis player
• 1973 – Nilesh Kulkarni, Indian cricketer
• 1974 – Marcus Brown, American basketball player
• 1974 – Drew Shirley, American guitarist and songwriter
• 1974 – Lee Williams, Welsh model and actor
• 1975 – Shawn Bates, American ice hockey player
• 1975 – Michael Olowokandi, Nigerian-American basketball player
• 1975 – Aries Spears, American comedian and actor
• 1975 – Yoshinobu Takahashi, Japanese baseball player
• 1975 – Koji Uehara, Japanese baseball player
• 1976 – Nicolas Escudé, French tennis player
• 1978 – Matthew Goode, English actor
• 1978 – Tommy Haas, German-American tennis player
• 1978 – John Smit, South African rugby player
• 1979 – Grégoire, French singer-songwriter
• 1979 – Simon Black, Australian footballer and coach
• 1980 – Andrei Lodis, Belarusian footballer
• 1981 – Aaron Bertram, American trumpet player
• 1981 – DeShawn Stevenson, American basketball player
• 1982 – Jared Allen, American football player
• 1982 – Iain Fyfe, Australian footballer
• 1982 – Cobie Smulders, Canadian actress
• 1983 – Ben Foster, English footballer
• 1983 – Stephen Weiss, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1984 – Jonathan Blondel, Belgian footballer
• 1984 – Maxi López, Argentinian footballer
• 1985 – Jari-Matti Latvala, Finnish race car driver
• 1985 – Leona Lewis, English singer-songwriter and producer
• 1986 – Amanda Bynes, American actress
• 1986 – Stephanie Cox, American soccer player
• 1986 – Annalisa Cucinotta, Italian cyclist
• 1986 – Sergio Sánchez Ortega, Spanish footballer
• 1987 – Jay Bruce, American baseball player
• 1987 – Yileen Gordon, Australian rugby league player
• 1987 – Park Jung-min, South Korean singer, dancer, and actor
• 1987 – Jason Kipnis, American baseball player
• 1987 – Martyn Rooney, English sprinter
• 1987 – Julie Sokolow, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1988 – Kam Chancellor, American football player
• 1988 – Brandon Graham, American football player
• 1988 – Peter Hartley, English footballer
• 1988 – Tim Krul, Dutch footballer
• 1989 – Romain Alessandrini, French footballer
• 1989 – Israel Folau, Australian rugby player and footballer
• 1989 – Joel Romelo, Australian rugby league player
• 1990 – Karim Ansarifard, Iranian footballer
• 1990 – Madison Brengle, American tennis player
• 1990 – Sotiris Ninis, Greek footballer
• 1991 – Stanislav Engovatov, Russian footballer
• 1991 – Hayley Kiyoko, American actress and singer
• 1992 – Simone Benedetti, Italian footballer
• 1992 – Nana Yamada, Japanese singer and actress
• 1992 – Yuliya Yefimova, Russian swimmer
• 1993 – Pape Moussa Konaté, Senegalese footballer
• 1994 – Kodi Nikorima, New Zealand rugby league player
• 1996 – Mayo Hibi, Japanese tennis player

Deaths[edit]

• 963 – William III, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 915)
• 1203 – Arthur I, Duke of Brittany (b. 1196)
• 1253 – Saint Richard of Chichester
• 1287 – Pope Honorius IV (b. 1210)
• 1325 – Nizamuddin Auliya, Sufi saint (b. 1238)
• 1350 – Odo IV, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1295)
• 1545 – Antonio de Guevara, Spanish chronicler and moralist (b. 1481)
• 1606 – Charles Blount, 8th Baron Mountjoy, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1563)
• 1680 – Shivaji, Indian emperor, founded the Maratha Empire (b. 1630)
• 1682 – Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, Spanish painter and educator (b. 1618)
• 1691 – Jean Petitot, French-Swiss painter (b. 1608)
• 1695 – Melchior d'Hondecoeter, Dutch painter (b. 1636)
• 1717 – Jacques Ozanam, French mathematician and academic (b. 1640)
• 1728 – James Anderson, Scottish lawyer and historian (b. 1662)
• 1792 – George Pocock, English admiral (b. 1706)
• 1804 – Jędrzej Kitowicz, Polish priest, historian, and author (b. 1727)
• 1827 – Ernst Chladni, German physicist and academic (b. 1756)
• 1838 – François Carlo Antommarchi, French physician and author (b. 1780)
• 1844 – Edward Bigge, English cleric, 1st Archdeacon of Lindisfarne (b. 1807)
• 1846 – William Braine, English soldier and explorer (b. 1814)
• 1849 – Juliusz Słowacki, Polish-French poet and playwright (b. 1809)
• 1868 – Franz Berwald, Swedish composer and surgeon (b. 1796)
• 1882 – Jesse James, American criminal and outlaw (b. 1847)
• 1897 – Johannes Brahms, German pianist and composer (b. 1833)
• 1901 – Richard D'Oyly Carte, English composer and talent agent (b. 1844)
• 1902 – Esther Hobart Morris, American lawyer and judge (b. 1814)
• 1930 – Emma Albani, Canadian-English operatic soprano (b. 1847)
• 1936 – Richard Hauptmann, German-American murderer (b. 1899)
• 1941 – Tachiyama Mineemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 22nd Yokozuna (b. 1877)
• 1941 – Pál Teleki, Hungarian academic and politician, 22nd Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1879)
• 1943 – Conrad Veidt, German actor, director, and producer (b. 1893)
• 1946 – Masaharu Homma, Japanese general (b. 1887)
• 1950 – Kurt Weill, German-American composer and pianist (b. 1900)
• 1950 – Carter G. Woodson, American historian, author, and journalist, founded Black History Month (b. 1875)
• 1951 – Henrik Visnapuu, Estonian poet and playwright (b. 1890)
• 1952 – Miina Sillanpää, Finnish minister and politician (b. 1866)
• 1957 – Ned Sparks, Canadian-American actor (b. 1883)
• 1958 – Jaan Kärner, Estonian poet and author (b. 1891)
• 1962 – Manolis Kalomiris, Greek composer and educator (b. 1883)
• 1971 – Joseph Valachi, American gangster (b. 1904)
• 1972 – Ferde Grofé, American pianist and composer (b. 1892)
• 1975 – Mary Ure, Scottish-English actress (b. 1933)
• 1976 – David M. Dennison, American physicist and academic (b. 1900)
• 1976 – Claude-Henri Grignon, Canadian journalist and politician (b. 1894)
• 1978 – Ray Noble, English bandleader, composer, and actor (b. 1903)
• 1978 – Winston Sharples, American composer (b. 1909)
• 1981 – Juan Trippe, American businessman, founded Pan American World Airways (b. 1899)
• 1982 – Warren Oates, American actor (b. 1928)
• 1983 – Jimmy Bloomfield, English footballer and manager (b. 1934)
• 1986 – Peter Pears, English tenor and educator (b. 1910)
• 1987 – Tom Sestak, American football player (b. 1936)
• 1988 – Milton Caniff, American cartoonist (b. 1907)
• 1990 – Sarah Vaughan, American singer (b. 1924)
• 1991 – Charles Goren, American bridge player and author (b. 1901)
• 1991 – Graham Greene, English novelist, playwright, and critic (b. 1904)
• 1993 – Pinky Lee, American television host (b. 1907)
• 1994 – Frank Wells, American businessman (b. 1932)
• 1995 – Alfred J. Billes, Canadian businessman, co-founded Canadian Tire (b. 1902)
• 1996 – Ron Brown, American captain and politician, 30th United States Secretary of Commerce (b. 1941)
• 1998 – Mary Cartwright, English mathematician and academic (b. 1900)
• 1999 – Lionel Bart, English composer (b. 1930)
• 1999 – Geoffrey Walsh, Canadian general (b. 1909)
• 2000 – Terence McKenna, American botanist and philosopher (b. 1946)
• 2005 – François Gérin, Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1944)
• 2007 – Nina Wang, Chinese businesswoman (b. 1937)
• 2008 – Hrvoje Ćustić, Croatian footballer (b. 1983)
• 2012 – Mingote, Spanish cartoonist and journalist (b. 1919)
• 2012 – Richard Descoings, French civil servant (b. 1958)
• 2012 – Govind Narain, Indian politician, 8th Governor of Karnataka (b. 1917)
• 2012 – Chief Jay Strongbow, American wrestler (b. 1928)
• 2012 – José María Zárraga, Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Mariví Bilbao, Spanish actress (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, German-American author and screenwriter (b. 1927)
• 2014 – Régine Deforges, French author, playwright, and director (b. 1935)
• 2014 – Fred Kida, American illustrator (b. 1920)
• 2014 – Prince Michael of Prussia (b. 1940)
• 2014 – Jovan Pavlović, Serbian metropolitan (b. 1936)
• 2014 – Arthur "Guitar Boogie" Smith, American guitarist, fiddler, and composer (b. 1921)
• 2015 – Sarah Brady, American activist and author (b. 1942)
• 2015 – Bob Burns, American drummer and songwriter (b. 1950)
• 2015 – Shmuel Wosner, Austrian-Israeli rabbi and author (b. 1913)
• 2016 – Cesare Maldini, Italian footballer and manager (b. 1932)
• 2016 – Joe Medicine Crow, American anthropologist, historian, and author (b. 1913)

Μπουγάτσα Survivor  στη Θεσσαλονίκη!

Η ελληνική εφευρετικότητα είναι και παροιμιώδης και πάντα 

εντυπωσιακή. Τελευταίο δείγμα αυτό που σκέφτηκε ένα 

μπουγατσατζίδικο στη Θεσσαλονίκη. 

Βλέποντας ότι το Survivor σαρώνει και ότι όλοι ασχολούνται με το παιχνίδι του 

ΣΚΑΪ που φέτος έκανε πραγματικά τη διαφορά, αποφάσισε να προσαρμόσει την 

κλασική θεσσαλονικιώτικη μπουγάτσα. Πώς; Φτιάχνοντάς την με γάλα καρύδας!

Φυσικά, η εν λόγω μπουγάτσα έχει και το δικό της όνομα «Μπουγάτσα Survivor»!

Sun Ouzo: Ιστορία επιτυχίας μέσα στην κρίση

 a five-star resort on a remote Indonesian island — and it's officially the best in the world

• 
  

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

After founding or cofounding several internationally known retail brands — C. Wonder and Tory Burch — and investing in several others, Chris Burch is taking his entrepreneurial eye to a new industry: hospitality.

Burch, together with hotelier James McBride, bought a beach hostel on the Indonesian island of Sumba in 2012. The duo spent $30 million renovating the hostel, then reopened it as a five-star resort called Nihiwatu in 2015. 

Nihiwatu was voted the best hotel in the world by Travel + Leisure in 2016.

In an interview with Business Jet Traveler in 2015, Burch said, "I bought it for my children and as a piece of something that I hope we can preserve and give back to the community. When you're in a place where the palette is so beautiful, you can do things that you can't do in other places: build a spa under a waterfall, go to places where no others have been, have a butler in every room."

"Nihiwatu has turned into more than I expected, which is rare because most times things turn into less."

According to the Wall Street Journal, Burch splits his time between Miami, the Hamptons, and his resort in Indonesia. Nihiwatu has 27 private villas, including Raja Mendaka, Chris Burch's private home. That particular section has a main house and four additional villas, each with its own private plunge pool.  

Nicknamed "The Edge of Wildness," Nihiwatu is on the west coast of Sumba, a remote Indonesian island.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

The name means "mortar stone," and the beach was originally named after a rock formation on the tide.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

In 2012, Chris Burch and hotelier friend James McBride bought what was then a beach hostel owned by a couple from New Jersey.

Chris BurchMatthew Eisman / Stringer

Burch and McBride redeveloped the land and opened it as Nihiwatu in 2015.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

It has become the largest local employer on the island. A portion of the hotel's profits are also given to the Sumba Foundation, an organization that funds projects to help the local community.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

It has 27 private villas with plunge pools.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

Raja Mendaka, Chris Burch's private home, is also available to guests. It has a main house and four additional villas.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

Its plunge pool has views over Nihi Beach and across the Indian Ocean.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

It also has a large indoor-outdoor entertaining area.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

There are two, two-story tree houses on the resort. Connected by a bamboo bridge, both villas have a bedroom, a bathroom, and a balcony. The main treehouse also has a living area and private infinity pool. 

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

Traditional Sumbanese antiques, local wood, and Ikat prints are featured throughout.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

There is a beach spa available, but treatments can also be done in your own room.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

The wellness center offers daily group yoga sessions. Instructors can also hold private classes that are tailored to an individual's needs.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

The beach has always been considered a surfer's paradise. According to Nihiwatu's website, "Swells generated by the Southern Ocean storms travel thousands of kilometers across the Indian Ocean to meet our shores."

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

The resort has a rule that no more than 10 surfers are allowed in the water at a time, and a surf slot costs $125 per person in the high season. Surf lessons are also available and cost $250 per person. The sessions are tailored to the amount of experience each person has.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

You can book excursions to nearby waterfalls through the resort. One trip includes a 90-minute trek to a blue lagoon where guests can jump off the rocks and swim. The trip costs $175 per person.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

A neighboring bay called Coconut Grove offers guests a calmer place to learn how to surf. The resort transfers guests by Safari jeep or boat.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

There are riding stables with a team of guides to take guests out on sunset beach horseback-riding trips. A resident horse whisperer also coaches guests how to connect with horses.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

Prices for a one-bedroom villa start at $750 a night during the low season. Burch's five-bedroom private estate costs around $14,000 a night in the high season.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

Burch and his partner McBride are also looking to expand and build resorts in Costa Rica and Nicaragua. They want to create resorts that are more accessible to the millennial traveler.

Courtesy of Nihiwatu

a peek inside a $20 million apartment in the latest skyscraper to dramatically alter Manhattan's skyline

Madison Square Park Tower is changing Manhattan's skyline. The 65-story glass skyscraper is the tallest in its Flatiron District neighborhood, and because of various zoning laws surrounding it, its fantastic views will never be obstructed. While the building won't be fully completed until 2018, 70% of the units have already sold, according to property developer Bruce Eichner.

 the 56th-floor apartment  boasts a price tag of $20 million and 360-degree views of the city. Ahead, get the full tour.

The tower sits at 45 East 22nd Street, at the base of New York's iconic Madison Square Park. While it is still unfinished, residents can begin moving in later this fall. The building's amenities will include a fitness center, golf simulator, basketball court, children's playroom, library, billiards, cards room, and a terrace with an outdoor grill.

Photo courtesy of Madison Square Park Tower

The 56th-floor apartment  has gorgeous views of the entire city and totals 4,655 square feet of space.

Sarah Jacobs

The living room looks out on the Met Life Tower, and just behind that is the Empire State Building.

Sarah Jacobs

It also has a view of Rupert Murdoch's penthouse at One Madison, which he purchased for $57.25 million in 2014.

Sarah Jacobs

Source: Curbed

Residents can accommodate large dinner parties in their homes, but if that's not big enough, they can also utilize one of the building's two entertaining spaces.

Sarah Jacobs

The apartment's study looks out onto Lower Manhattan.

Sarah Jacobs

The kitchen has a marble countertop and backsplash, and above the island hangs a glass gantry for decorative storage.

Sarah Jacobs

Ceiling heights are between 10 and 10.5 feet in living rooms and in master bedrooms like this one.

Sarah Jacobs

Solid Appalachian white oak flooring covers most of the apartment.

Sarah Jacobs

There are two large walk-in closets adjacent to the master bedroom.

Sarah Jacobs

The master bath sits just down the hall from the master bedroom.

Sarah Jacobs

White marble covers the countertop and the floor.

Sarah Jacobs

The bath tub has a fantastic view of the East River and One World Trade Center.

Sarah Jacobs

But if you'd rather shower, there's a large rain shower head on the other side. Glass will be added to this one before people move in.

Sarah Jacobs

The secondary bathrooms are almost just as nice.

Sarah Jacobs

LG washers and dryers can be found in the laundry room, located near the kitchen.

Sarah Jacobs

"The coolest thing in here is the ability to have a 360-degree view. Where in New York can you look over the borough of Brooklyn and see the Atlantic Ocean, or go out and look to the east and see the planes land at LaGuardia Airport?" Eichner said.

Sarah Jacobs

Along with the incredible views, Eichner was also proud of the work put into the front door, which he noted is very much like one you might find at a home in Los Angeles.

Sarah Jacobs

[edit]

• 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrated a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines.
• 1147 – First historical record of Moscow.
• 1287 – King Wareru founds the Ramanya Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom.
• 1581 – Francis Drake is knighted for completing a circumnavigation of the world.
• 1660 – Declaration of Breda by King Charles II of Great Britain.
• 1721 – Sir Robert Walpole becomes the first British prime minister.
• 1768 – In London, Philip Astley stages the first modern circus.
• 1796 – Georges Cuvier delivers the first paleontological lecture.
• 1812 – United States President James Madison enacts a ninety-day embargo on trade with the United Kingdom.
• 1814 – Napoleon abdicates for the first time and names his son Napoleon II as Emperor of the French.
• 1818 – The United States Congress adopts the flag of the United States with 13 red and white stripes and one star for each state (then 20).
• 1841 – William Henry Harrison dies of pneumonia, becoming the first President of the United States to die in office, and setting the record for the briefest administration.
• 1850 – A large part of the English village of Cottenham burns to the ground in suspicious circumstances.
• 1850 – Los Angeles is incorporated as a city.
• 1859 – Bryant's Minstrels debut "Dixie" in New York City in the finale of a blackface minstrel show.
• 1865 – American Civil War: A day after Union forces capture Richmond, Virginia, U.S. President Abraham Lincoln visits the Confederate capital.
• 1866 – Alexander II of Russia narrowly escapes an assassination attempt by Dmitry Karakozov in the city of Saint Petersburg.
• 1873 – The Kennel Club is founded, the oldest and first official registry of purebred dogs in the world.
• 1887 – Argonia, Kansas elects Susanna M. Salter as the first female mayor in the United States.
• 1905 – In India, an earthquake hits the Kangra Valley, killing 20,000, and destroying most buildings in Kangra, McLeod Ganj and Dharamsala.
• 1913 – First Balkan War: Greek aviator Emmanouil Argyropoulos becomes the first pilot to die in the Hellenic Air Force when his plane crashes.
• 1925 – The Schutzstaffel (SS) is founded in Germany.
• 1930 – The Communist Party of Panama is founded.
• 1933 – U.S. Navy airship, USS Akron, is wrecked off the New Jersey coast due to severe weather.
• 1939 – Faisal II becomes King of Iraq.
• 1944 – World War II: First bombardment of oil refineries in Bucharest by Anglo-American forces kills 3000 civilians.
• 1945 – World War II: American troops liberate Ohrdruf forced labor camp in Germany.
• 1945 – World War II: American troops capture Kassel.
• 1945 – World War II: Soviet troops liberate Hungary from German occupation and occupy the country itself.
• 1949 – Twelve nations sign the North Atlantic Treaty creating the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
• 1956 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 113 calls on Israel and Palestinians to fully cooperate with the UNTSO.
• 1958 – The CND peace symbol is displayed in public for the first time in London.
• 1960 – France agrees to grant independence to the Mali Federation, a union of Senegal and French Sudan.
• 1964 – The Beatles occupy the top five positions on the Billboard Hot 100 pop chart.
• 1965 – The first model of the new Saab Viggen fighter aircraft is unveiled.
• 1967 – Martin Luther King Jr. delivers his "Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence" speech in New York City's Riverside Church.
• 1968 – Martin Luther King Jr. is assassinated by James Earl Ray at a motel in Memphis, Tennessee.
• 1968 – Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 6.
• 1968 – A.E.K. Athens B.C. becomes the first Greek team to win the European Basketball Cup.
• 1969 – Dr. Denton Cooley implants the first temporary artificial heart.
• 1973 – The World Trade Center in New York is officially dedicated.
• 1973 – A Lockheed C-141 Starlifter, dubbed the Hanoi Taxi, makes the last flight of Operation Homecoming.
• 1975 – Microsoft is founded as a partnership between Bill Gates and Paul Allen in Albuquerque, New Mexico
• 1975 – A United States Air Force Lockheed C-5A Galaxy transporting orphans, crashes near Saigon, South Vietnam shortly after takeoff, killing 172 people.
• 1976 – Prince Norodom Sihanouk resigns as leader of Cambodia and is placed under house arrest.
• 1979 – Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto of Pakistan is executed.
• 1981 – The Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force mounts an attack on H-3 Airbase and destroys about 50 Iraqi aircraft.
• 1983 – Space Shuttle Challenger makes its maiden voyage into space.
• 1984 – President Ronald Reagan calls for an international ban on chemical weapons.
• 1988 – Governor Evan Mecham of Arizona is convicted in his impeachment trial and removed from office.
• 1991 – Senator John Heinz of Pennsylvania and six others are killed when a helicopter collides with their airplane over an elementary school in Merion, Pennsylvania.
• 1991 – The current flag of Hong Kong is adopted for post-colonial Hong Kong during the Third Session of the Seventh National People's Congress.
• 1994 – Marc Andreessen and Jim Clark found Netscape Communications Corporation under the name Mosaic Communications Corporation.
• 1996 – Comet Hyakutake is imaged by the USA Asteroid Orbiter Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous.
• 2002 – The Angolan government and UNITA rebels sign a peace treaty ending the Angolan Civil War.
• 2013 – More than 70 people are killed in a building collapse in Thane, India.

Births[edit]

• 188 – Caracalla, Roman emperor (d. 217)
• 1436 – Amalia of Saxony, Duchess of Bavaria-Landshut (d. 1501)
• 1490 – Vojtěch I of Pernstein, Bohemian nobleman (d. 1534)
• 1492 – Ambrosius Blarer, German-Swiss theologian and reformer (d. 1564)
• 1572 – William Strachey, English author (d. 1621)
• 1593 – Edward Nicholas, English soldier and politician, Secretary of State for the Southern Department (d. 1669)
• 1640 – Gaspar Sanz, Spanish guitarist, composer, and priest (d. 1710)
• 1646 – Antoine Galland, French orientalist and archaeologist (d. 1715)
• 1648 – Grinling Gibbons, Dutch-English sculptor (d. 1721)
• 1676 – Giuseppe Maria Orlandini, Italian composer (d. 1760)
• 1688 – Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, French astronomer and cartographer (d. 1768)
• 1718 – Benjamin Kennicott, English theologian and scholar (d. 1783)
• 1752 – Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli, Italian composer (d. 1837)
• 1760 – Juan Manuel Olivares, Venezuelan organist and composer (d. 1797)
• 1762 – Stephen Storace, English actor and composer (d. 1796)
• 1772 – Nachman of Breslov, Polish rabbi; founder of the Breslov Hasidic movement (d. 1810)
• 1780 – Edward Hicks, American minister and painter (d. 1849)
• 1785 – Bettina von Arnim, German author, illustrator, and composer (d. 1859)
• 1792 – Thaddeus Stevens, American lawyer and politician (d. 1868)
• 1802 – Dorothea Dix, American nurse and activist (d. 1887)
• 1818 – Thomas Mayne Reid, Irish-American author and poet (d. 1883)
• 1819 – Maria II of Portugal (d. 1853)
• 1821 – Linus Yale, Jr., American engineer and businessman (d. 1868)
• 1826 – Zénobe Gramme, Belgian engineer, invented the Gramme machine (d. 1901)
• 1829 – Owen Suffolk, Australian bushranger, poet, confidence-man and author
• 1835 – John Hughlings Jackson, English physician and neurologist (d. 1911)
• 1842 – Édouard Lucas, French mathematician and theorist (d. 1891)
• 1843 – William Henry Jackson, American painter and photographer (d. 1942)
• 1846 – Comte de Lautréamont, Uruguayan-French poet and educator (d. 1870)
• 1851 – James Campbell, 1st Baron Glenavy, Irish lawyer and politician (d. 1931)
• 1853 – Remy de Gourmont, French poet, novelist, and critic (d. 1915)
• 1868 – Philippa Fawcett, English mathematician and educator (d. 1948)
• 1869 – Mary Colter, American architect, designed the Desert View Watchtower (d. 1958)
• 1875 – Pierre Monteux, French-American viola player and conductor (d. 1964)
• 1876 – Maurice de Vlaminck, French painter and poet (d. 1958)
• 1878 – Stylianos Lykoudis, Greek admiral and historian (d. 1958)
• 1879 – Gustav Goßler, German rower (d. 1940)
• 1884 – James Alberione, Italian priest, founded the Society of St. Paul (d. 1971)
• 1884 – Isoroku Yamamoto, Japanese admiral (d. 1943)
• 1886 – Frank Luther Mott, American historian and journalist (d. 1964)
• 1888 – Tris Speaker, American baseball player and manager (d. 1958)
• 1888 – Zdzisław Żygulski, Sr., Polish historian and academic (d. 1975)
• 1889 – Makhanlal Chaturvedi, Indian journalist, poet, and playwright (d. 1968)
• 1892 – Italo Mus, Italian painter (d. 1967)
• 1895 – Arthur Murray, American dancer and educator (d. 1991)
• 1896 – Robert E. Sherwood, American playwright and screenwriter (d. 1955)
• 1897 – Pierre Fresnay, French actor and screenwriter (d. 1975)
• 1897 – Dina Manfredini, Italian-American super-centenarian (d. 2012)
• 1898 – Agnes Ayres, American actress (d. 1940)
• 1899 – Hillel Oppenheimer, German-Israeli botanist and academic (d. 1971)
• 1902 – Louise Lévêque de Vilmorin, French journalist and author (d. 1969)
• 1902 – Stanley G. Weinbaum, American author and poet (d. 1935)
• 1905 – Eugène Bozza, French composer and conductor (d. 1991)
• 1905 – Erika Nõva, Estonian architect and engineer (d. 1987)
• 1906 – Bea Benaderet, American television, radio, and voice actress (d. 1968)
• 1906 – John Cameron Swayze, American journalist (d. 1995)
• 1907 – Robert Askin, Australian sergeant and politician, 32nd Premier of New South Wales (d. 1981)
• 1910 – Đặng Văn Ngữ, Vietnamese physician and academic (d. 1967)
• 1911 – Max Dupain, Australian photographer (d. 1992)
• 1913 – Dave Brown, Australian rugby league player (d. 1974)
• 1913 – Rosemary Lane, American actress and singer (d. 1974)
• 1913 – Frances Langford, American actress and singer (d. 2005)
• 1913 – Jules Léger, Canadian lawyer and politician, 21st Governor General of Canada (d. 1980)
• 1913 – Muddy Waters, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1983)
• 1914 – Richard Coogan, American actor (d. 2014)
• 1914 – Marguerite Duras, French novelist, screenwriter, and director (d. 1996)
• 1914 – David W. Goodall, Australian ecologist and botanist
• 1915 – Louis Archambault, Canadian sculptor (d. 2003)
• 1916 – Nikola Ljubičić, Serbian general and politician, 10th President of Serbia (d. 2005)
• 1916 – Mickey Owen, American baseball player and coach (d. 2005)
• 1916 – David White, American actor (d. 1990)
• 1918 – George Jellicoe, 2nd Earl Jellicoe, English soldier and politician, Leader of the House of Lords (d. 2007)
• 1920 – Orunamamu, American-Canadian author and educator (d. 2014)
• 1920 – Ignatius IV of Antioch, Greek patriarch (d. 2012)
• 1921 – Elizabeth Wilson, American actress (d. 2015)
• 1922 – Elmer Bernstein, American composer and conductor (d. 2004)
• 1923 – Peter Vaughan, English actor (d. 2016)
• 1924 – Bob Christie, American racing driver (d. 2009)
• 1924 – Gil Hodges, American baseball player and manager (d. 1972)
• 1925 – Dettmar Cramer, German footballer and manager (d. 2015)
• 1925 – Gene Reynolds, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1925 – Frank Truitt, American basketball player and coach (d. 2014)
• 1925 – Claude Wagner, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (d. 1979)
• 1925 – Emmett Williams, American poet and author (d. 2007)
• 1926 – Mildred Fay Jefferson, American physician and activist (d. 2010)
• 1926 – Ronnie Masterson, Irish actress (d. 2014)
• 1927 – Joe Orlando, Italian-American author and illustrator (d. 1998)
• 1928 – Maya Angelou, American memoirist and poet (d. 2014)
• 1928 – Estelle Harris, American actress and comedian
• 1928 – Jimmy Logan, Scottish actor, director, and producer (d. 2001)
• 1928 – Monty Norman, English singer-songwriter and producer
• 1929 – Humbert Allen Astredo, American actor (d. 2016)
• 1930 – Netty Herawaty, Indonesian actress (d. 1989)
• 1931 – James Dickens, English politician (d. 2013)
• 1931 – Bobby Ray Inman, American admiral and intelligence officer
• 1931 – Catherine Tizard, New Zealand politician, 16th Governor-General of New Zealand
• 1932 – Clive Davis, American record producer, founded Arista Records and J Records
• 1932 – Richard Lugar, American lieutenant and politician, 44th Mayor of Indianapolis
• 1932 – Anthony Perkins, American actor (d. 1992)
• 1932 – Johanna Reiss, Dutch-American author
• 1932 – Andrei Tarkovsky, Russian director and producer (d. 1986)
• 1933 – Bill France, Jr., American businessman (d. 2007)
• 1933 – Brian Hewson, English runner
• 1934 – Helen Hanft, American actress (d. 2013)
• 1934 – Kronid Lyubarsky, Russian journalist and activist (d. 1996)
• 1935 – Geoff Braybrooke, English-New Zealand soldier and politician (d. 2013)
• 1935 – Kenneth Mars, American actor and comedian (d. 2011)
• 1935 – Trevor Griffiths, English playwright and educator
• 1938 – A. Bartlett Giamatti, American businessman and academic (d. 1989)
• 1939 – JoAnne Carner, American golfer
• 1939 – Darlene Hooley, American educator and politician
• 1939 – Hugh Masekela, South African trumpeter, flugelhornist, cornetist, composer, and singer
• 1940 – Richard Attwood, English race car driver
• 1940 – Michael Parks, American actor and singer
• 1940 – Sharon Sheeley, American singer-songwriter (d. 2002)
• 1942 – Jim Fregosi, American baseball player and manager (d. 2014)
• 1942 – Kitty Kelley, American journalist and biographer
• 1942 – Elizabeth Levy, American author
• 1944 – Magda Aelvoet, Belgian politician
• 1944 – Mary Kenny, Irish journalist, author, and playwright
• 1944 – Bob McDill, American country music songwriter
• 1944 – Craig T. Nelson, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1944 – Nelson Prudêncio, Brazilian triple jumper and educator (d. 2012)
• 1944 – Toktamış Ateş, Turkish academician, political commentator, columnist and writer (d. 2013)
• 1945 – Daniel Cohn-Bendit, French-German educator and politician
• 1945 – Caroline McWilliams, American actress (d. 2010)
• 1946 – Colin Coates, Australian speed skater
• 1946 – Dave Hill, English guitarist
• 1946 – Katsuaki Satō, Japanese martial artist and coach
• 1946 – György Spiró, Hungarian author and playwright
• 1946 – Bubba Wyche, American football player and coach
• 1947 – Wiranto, Indonesian general and politician
• 1947 – Ray Fosse, American baseball player and sportscaster
• 1948 – Abdullah Öcalan, Turkish activist
• 1948 – Berry Oakley, American bass player (d. 1972)
• 1948 – Dan Simmons, American author
• 1948 – Derek Thompson, Northern Irish actor
• 1948 – Pick Withers, English drummer
• 1949 – Junior Braithwaite, Jamaican-American singer (d. 1999)
• 1949 – Shing-Tung Yau, Chinese-American mathematician and academic
• 1950 – Christine Lahti, American actress and director
• 1951 – John Hannah, American football player and coach
• 1951 – Hun Sen, Cambodian soldier and politician, 33rd Prime Minister of Cambodia
• 1952 – Rosemarie Ackermann, German high jumper
• 1952 – Pat Burns, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2010)
• 1952 – Gregg Hansford, Australian motorcycle racer (d. 1995)
• 1952 – Cherie Lunghi, English actress and dancer
• 1952 – Karen Magnussen, Canadian figure skater and coach
• 1952 – Gary Moore, Northern Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2011)
• 1952 – Villy Søvndal, Danish educator and politician, Danish Minister of Foreign Affairs
• 1953 – Robert Bertrand, Canadian politician
• 1953 – Henry Fotheringham, South African cricketer
• 1953 – Simcha Jacobovici, Canadian director, producer, journalist, and author
• 1953 – Sammy Wilson, Northern Irish politician, 31st Lord Mayor of Belfast
• 1953 – Chen Yi, Chinese violinist and composer
• 1956 – Evelyn Hart, Canadian ballerina
• 1956 – Tom Herr, American baseball player and manager
• 1956 – David E. Kelley, American screenwriter and producer
• 1957 – Paul Downton, English cricketer
• 1957 – Aki Kaurismäki, Finnish director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1957 – Graeme Kelling, Scottish guitarist (d. 2004)
• 1957 – Nobuyoshi Kuwano, Japanese singer and trumpet player
• 1958 – Peter Baltes, German bass player
• 1958 – Cazuza, Brazilian singer-songwriter (d. 1990)
• 1958 – Rodney Eade, Australian footballer and coach
• 1959 – Phil Morris, American actor and screenwriter
• 1960 – Jonathan Agnew, English cricketer and sportscaster
• 1960 – Jane Eaglen, English soprano
• 1960 – Hugo Weaving, Australian-British actor and producer
• 1961 – Hildi Santo-Tomas, American interior decorator
• 1962 – Craig Adams, English bass player and songwriter
• 1962 – Kailasho Devi, Indian social worker and politician
• 1963 – A. Michael Baldwin, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1963 – Jack Del Rio, American football player and coach
• 1963 – Dale Hawerchuk, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1963 – Graham Norton, Irish actor and talk show host
• 1964 – Branco, Brazilian footballer and coach
• 1964 – Dr. Chud, American drummer and singer
• 1964 – Anthony Clark, American actor
• 1964 – David Cross, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1964 – Đặng Thân, Vietnamese writer and poet
• 1965 – Vinny Burns, English guitarist and producer
• 1965 – Robert Downey Jr., American actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1966 – Nancy McKeon, American actress
• 1966 – Mike Starr, American bass player (d. 2011)
• 1966 – Christos Tsekos, Greek basketball player
• 1967 – Edith Masai, Kenyan-German runner
• 1967 – George Mavrotas, Greek water polo player and politician
• 1968 – Jesús Rollán, Spanish water polo player (d. 2006)
• 1969 – Piotr Anderszewski, Polish pianist and composer
• 1969 – Karren Brady, English journalist and businesswoman
• 1970 – Georgios Amanatidis, Greek footballer and manager
• 1970 – Greg Garcia, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1970 – Barry Pepper, Canadian actor and producer
• 1970 – Yelena Yelesina, Russian high jumper
• 1971 – Yanic Perreault, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1971 – Josh Todd, American singer-songwriter and actor
• 1971 – Malik Yusef, American actor, producer, and poet
• 1971 – John Zandig, American wrestler and promoter
• 1972 – Jim Dymock, Australian rugby league player and coach
• 1972 – Jill Scott, American singer-songwriter and actress
• 1972 – Magnus Sveningsson, Swedish bass player
• 1973 – Chris Banks, American football player (d. 2014)
• 1973 – David Blaine, American magician and producer
• 1973 – Loris Capirossi, Italian motorcycle racer
• 1973 – Peter Hoekstra, Dutch footballer and coach
• 1973 – Chris McCormack, Australian triathlete and coach
• 1973 – Kelly Price, American singer-songwriter
• 1975 – Delphine Arnault, French businesswoman
• 1975 – Thobias Fredriksson, Swedish skier
• 1975 – Joyce Giraud, Puerto Rican-American model, television actress and producer, Miss Puerto Rico 1994
• 1975 – Pamela Ribon, American actress, screenwriter, and author
• 1975 – Miranda Lee Richards, American singer-songwriter
• 1975 – Scott Rolen, American baseball player
• 1975 – Kevin Weekes, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
• 1976 – Nathan Blacklock, Australian rugby player
• 1976 – Sébastien Enjolras, French race car driver (d. 1997)
• 1976 – Emerson Ferreira da Rosa, Brazilian footballer
• 1976 – James Roday, American actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1977 – Stephan Bonnar, American mixed martial artist
• 1977 – Keith Bulluck, American football player and sportscaster
• 1977 – Adam Dutkiewicz, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer
• 1977 – Stephen Mulhern, English magician and television host
• 1977 – Omarr Smith, American football player and coach
• 1978 – Jason Ellison, American baseball player and scout
• 1978 – Alan Mahon, Irish footballer
• 1979 – Heath Ledger, Australian actor (d. 2008)
• 1979 – Roberto Luongo, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1979 – Natasha Lyonne, American actress
• 1979 – Andy McKee, American guitarist
• 1980 – Johnny Borrell, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1980 – Trevor Moore, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1980 – Eric Steinbach, American football player
• 1980 – Björn Wirdheim, Swedish race car driver
• 1981 – Currensy, American rapper
• 1981 – Eduardo Luís Carloto, Brazilian footballer
• 1981 – Casey Daigle, American baseball player
• 1981 – Anna Pyatykh, Russian triple jumper
• 1981 – Ned Vizzini, American author and screenwriter (d. 2013)
• 1982 – Justin Cook, American voice actor and producer
• 1982 – Magnus Lindgren, Swedish chef (d. 2012)
• 1983 – Evgeny Artyukhin, Russian ice hockey player
• 1983 – Ben Gordon, American basketball player
• 1983 – Doug Lynch, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1983 – Natalie Pike, Scottish-English model and actress
• 1983 – Amanda Righetti, American actress
• 1984 – Sean May, American basketball player
• 1984 – Arkady Vyatchanin, Russian swimmer
• 1985 – Rudy Fernández, Spanish basketball player
• 1985 – Ricardo Vilar, Brazilian footballer
• 1986 – Eunhyuk, South Korean singer-songwriter and dancer
• 1986 – Cameron Barker, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1986 – Aiden McGeady, Scottish-born Irish footballer
• 1986 – Alexander Tettey, Norwegian footballer
• 1987 – Sami Khedira, German footballer
• 1987 – McDonald Mariga, Kenyan footballer
• 1987 – Cameron Maybin, American baseball player
• 1987 – Marcos Vellidis, Greek footballer
• 1988 – Frank Fielding, English footballer
• 1989 – Vurnon Anita, Dutch footballer
• 1989 – Steven Finn, English cricketer
• 1989 – Chris Herd, Australian footballer
• 1991 – Jack Cooley, American basketball player
• 1991 – Jamie Lynn Spears, American actress and singer
• 1991 – Marlon Stöckinger, Filipino race car driver
• 1992 – Lucy May Barker, English actress and singer
• 1992 – Christina Metaxa, Cypriot singer-songwriter
• 1993 – Samir Carruthers, English footballer
• 1993 – Cerys Hale, Welsh rugby player
• 1993 – Frank Kaminsky, American basketball player
• 1994 – Shunsuke Nishikawa, Japanese actor
• 1994 – Risako Sugaya, Japanese singer and actress
• 1996 – Austin Mahone, American singer-songwriter and actor

Deaths[edit]

• 397 – Ambrose, Roman archbishop and saint (b. 338)
• 636 – Isidore of Seville, Spanish archbishop and saint (b. 560)
• 814 – Plato of Sakkoudion, Byzantine monk and saint (b. 735)
• 896 – Formosus, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 816)
• 911 – Liu Yin, Chinese warlord and governor (b. 874)
• 968 – Abu Firas al-Hamdani, Arab general and poet (b. 932)
• 1284 – Alfonso X of Castile (b. 1221)
• 1292 – Pope Nicholas IV (b. 1227)
• 1406 – Robert III of Scotland (b.1337)
• 1483 – Henry Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex (b. c. 1405)
• 1536 – Frederick I, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (b. 1460)
• 1588 – Frederick II of Denmark (b. 1534)
• 1596 – Philip II, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (b. 1533)
• 1609 – Carolus Clusius, Flemish botanist, mycologist, and academic (b. 1526)
• 1617 – John Napier, Scottish mathematician, physicist, and astronomer (b. 1550)
• 1643 – Simon Episcopius, Dutch theologian and academic (b. 1583)
• 1661 – Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven, Scottish field marshal (b. 1580)
• 1701 – Joseph Haines, English actor, singer, and dancer
• 1743 – Daniel Neal, English historian and author (b. 1678)
• 1761 – Théodore Gardelle, Swiss painter (b. 1722)
• 1766 – John Taylor, English librarian and scholar (b. 1704)
• 1774 – Oliver Goldsmith, Irish novelist, playwright and poet (b. 1728)
• 1792 – James Sykes, American lawyer and politician (b. 1725)
• 1807 – Jérôme Lalande, French astronomer and academic (b. 1732)
• 1817 – André Masséna, French general (b. 1758)
• 1841 – William Henry Harrison, American general and politician, 9th President of the United States (b. 1773)
• 1846 – Solomon Sibley, American lawyer and politician, 1st Mayor of Detroit (b. 1769)
• 1861 – John McLean, American jurist and politician, 6th United States Postmaster General (b. 1785)
• 1863 – Ludwig Emil Grimm, German painter and engraver (b. 1790)
• 1864 – Joseph Pitty Couthouy, American commander and paleontologist (b. 1808)
• 1870 – Heinrich Gustav Magnus, German chemist and physicist (b. 1802)
• 1874 – Charles Ernest Beulé, French archaeologist and politician (b. 1826)
• 1875 – Karl Mauch, German geographer and explorer (b. 1837)
• 1878 – Richard M. Brewer, American criminal (b. 1850)
• 1879 – Heinrich Wilhelm Dove, German physicist and meteorologist (b. 1803)
• 1883 – Peter Cooper, American businessman and philanthropist, founded Cooper Union (b. 1791)
• 1890 – Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau, Canadian lawyer and politician, 1st Premier of Quebec (b. 1820)
• 1890 – Edmond Hébert, French geologist and academic (b. 1812)
• 1912 – Charles Brantley Aycock, American lawyer and politician, 50th Governor of North Carolina (b. 1859)
• 1912 – Isaac K. Funk, American minister, lexicographer, and publisher, co-founded Funk & Wagnalls (b. 1839)
• 1919 – William Crookes, English chemist and physicist (b. 1832)
• 1919 – Francisco Marto, Portuguese saint (b. 1908)
• 1923 – John Venn, English mathematician and philosopher, created the Venn diagram (b. 1834)
• 1929 – Karl Benz, German engineer and businessman, founded Mercedes-Benz (b. 1844)
• 1931 – André Michelin, French businessman, co-founded the Michelin Tyre Company (b. 1853)
• 1932 – Wilhelm Ostwald, Latvian-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1853)
• 1933 – Elizabeth Bacon Custer, American author and educator (b. 1842)
• 1941 – Emine Nazikedâ Kadınefendi, the first wife and chief consort of Sultan Mehmed VI (b. 1866)
• 1951 – George Albert Smith, American religious leader, 8th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1870)
• 1953 – Carol II of Romania (b. 1893)
• 1957 – E. Herbert Norman, Canadian historian and diplomat (b. 1909)
• 1958 – Johnny Stompanato, American soldier and bodyguard (b. 1925)
• 1961 – Harald Riipalu, Estonian military commander (b. 1912)
• 1961 – Simion Stoilow, Romanian mathematician and academic (b. 1873)
• 1967 – Al Lewis, American songwriter (b. 1901)
• 1967 – Héctor Scarone, Uruguayan footballer and manager (b. 1898)
• 1968 – Martin Luther King Jr., American minister and activist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1929)
• 1972 – Adam Clayton Powell, Jr., American pastor and politician (b. 1908)
• 1972 – Stefan Wolpe, German-American composer and academic (b. 1902)
• 1976 – Harry Nyquist, Swedish engineer and theorist (b. 1889)
• 1977 – Andrey Dikiy, Ukrainian-American journalist, historian, and politician (b. 1893)
• 1979 – Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Pakistani lawyer and politician, 4th President of Pakistan (b. 1928)
• 1979 – Edgar Buchanan, American actor (b. 1903)
• 1980 – Red Sovine, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1917)
• 1983 – Gloria Swanson, American actress (b. 1899)
• 1983 – Bernard Vukas, Croatian football player, played for 1953 FIFA's "Rest of the World" team against England at Wembley (b. 1927)
• 1984 – Oleg Antonov, Russian-Ukrainian engineer and businessman, founded Antonov (b. 1906)
• 1985 – Kate Roberts, Welsh author and activist (b. 1891)
• 1987 – C. L. Moore, American author and academic (b. 1911)
• 1987 – Chögyam Trungpa, Tibetan guru, poet, and scholar (b. 1939)
• 1987 – Sachchidananda Vatsyayan, Indian journalist and author (b. 1911)
• 1988 – Zlatko Grgić, Croatian-Canadian animator, director, and screenwriter (b. 1931)
• 1991 – Edmund Adamkiewicz, German footballer (b. 1920)
• 1991 – Max Frisch, Swiss playwright and novelist (b. 1911)
• 1991 – H. John Heinz III, American soldier and politician (b. 1938)
• 1991 – Graham Ingels, American illustrator (b. 1915)
• 1992 – Yvette Brind'Amour, Canadian actress and director (b. 1918)
• 1992 – Jack Hamilton, Australian footballer (b. 1928)
• 1992 – Arthur Russell, American singer-songwriter and cellist (b. 1951)
• 1993 – Alfred Mosher Butts, American game designer, invented Scrabble (b. 1899)
• 1993 – Douglas Leopold, Canadian radio and television host (b. 1947)
• 1995 – Kenny Everett, English radio and television host (b. 1944)
• 1995 – Priscilla Lane, American actress (b. 1915)
• 1996 – Barney Ewell, American runner and long jumper (b. 1918)
• 1996 – Boone Guyton, American lieutenant and pilot (b. 1913)
• 1997 – Leo Picard, German-Israeli geologist and academic (b. 1900)
• 1997 – Alparslan Türkeş, Turkish colonel and politician, 39th Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1917)
• 1999 – Lucille Lortel, American actress, artistic director and producer (b. 1900)
• 1999 – Early Wynn, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1920)
• 2001 – Liisi Oterma, Finnish astronomer (b. 1915)
• 2001 – Ed Roth, American illustrator and engineer (b. 1932)
• 2001 – Maury Van Vliet, American-Canadian academic (b. 1913)
• 2003 – Anthony Caruso, American actor (b. 1916)
• 2004 – Briek Schotte, Belgian cyclist and coach (b. 1919)
• 2005 – Edward Bronfman, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1924)
• 2007 – Bob Clark, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1941)
• 2007 – Karen Spärck Jones, English computer scientist and academic (b. 1935)
• 2008 – Francis Tucker, South African race car driver (b. 1923)
• 2009 – Maxine Cooper, American actress, activist and photographer (b. 1924)
• 2011 – Scott Columbus, American drummer (b. 1956)
• 2011 – Juliano Mer-Khamis, Israeli actor, director, and activist (b. 1958)
• 2012 – A. Dean Byrd, American psychologist and academic (b. 1948)
• 2012 – Anne Karin Elstad, Norwegian author and educator (b. 1938)
• 2012 – Claude Miller, French director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1942)
• 2012 – Dubravko Pavličić, Croatian footballer (b. 1967)
• 2012 – Roberto Rexach Benítez, American-Puerto Rican academic and politician, 10th President of the Senate of Puerto Rico (b. 1929)
• 2013 – Bengt Blomgren, Swedish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1923)
• 2013 – Roger Ebert, American journalist, critic, and screenwriter (b. 1942)
• 2013 – Carmine Infantino, American illustrator (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Tommy Tycho, Hungarian-Australian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1928)
• 2013 – Ian Walsh, Australian rugby player and coach (b. 1933)
• 2013 – Noboru Yamaguchi, Japanese author (b. 1972)
• 2014 – İsmet Atlı, Turkish wrestler and trainer (b. 1931)
• 2014 – Wayne Henderson, American trombonist and producer (b. 1939)
• 2014 – Kumba Ialá, Bissau-Guinean soldier and politician, President of Guinea-Bissau (b. 1953)
• 2014 – Margo MacDonald, Scottish journalist and politician (b. 1943)
• 2014 – Curtis Bill Pepper, American journalist and author (b. 1917)
• 2014 – Muhammad Qutb, Egyptian author and academic (b. 1919)
• 2015 – Jamaluddin Jarjis, Malaysian engineer and politician (b. 1951)
• 2015 – Elmer Lach, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1918)
• 2015 – Donald N. Levine, American sociologist and academic (b. 1931)
• 2015 – Klaus Rifbjerg, Danish author and poet (b. 1931)
• 2016 – Chus Lampreave, Spanish actress (b. 1930)

Πήλινοι θησαυροί στο Αρχαιολογικό Μουσείο Θεσσαλονίκης -Αγάλματα και διακοσμητικά  

Μορφές πλασμένες από χώμα και νερό. Θεοί, άνθρωποι,

 ιδεολογίες, οράματα 7.500 ετών συνθέτουν και

 καταδεικνύουν τα 672 ειδώλια της μεγάλης έκθεσης με τίτλο

 «Ειδώλιο. Ένας μικρόκοσμος από πηλό». 

Μία ξεχωριστή έκθεση που πραγματοποιείται στο Αρχαιολογικό Μουσείο

 Θεσσαλονίκης.

Σκοπός της, είναι η πολύπλευρη προσέγγιση των πήλινων ειδωλίων ως μιας

 ξεχωριστής κατηγορίας τέχνεργων της αρχαιότητας, από την οποία μπορούν να

 αντληθούν πληροφορίες για πτυχές του δημόσιου και ιδιωτικού βίου, για την

 τεχνολογία, την ιδεολογία και την πρόσληψη του κόσμου από τον άνθρωπο.

Ειδώλια που σχετίζονται με τη λατρεία, άλλα αφιερωμένα στις προτομές, άλλα ως 

κτερίσματα (σύντροφοι και παραστάτες στον κάτω κόσμο) αλλά και «δείγματα» 

πτυχών της καθημερινής ζωής (έρωτας, ζωή, γέννηση - θάνατος, πήλινα ζωόμορφα

 ειδώλια - αναθήματα ιερών, κτερίσματα τάφων ή διακοσμητικά αντικείμενα), 

άλλα με έμπνευση το θέατρο (πρόσωπα της τραγωδίας, της νέας κωμωδίας και 

του σατυρικού δράματος, θεατρικά προσωπεία), αντανακλάσεις των ίδιων των

 ανθρώπων του παρελθόντος. 

Χορευτικές κινήσεις και άλλες χειρονομίες, η ενδυμασία, η κόμμωση και γενικότερα

 η διαχείριση του σώματος, σε κάποιες περιπτώσεις ακόμα και οι εκφράσεις του

 προσώπου, «ζωντανεύουν» τα ειδώλια και τα αναγορεύουν σε αυτόπτες μάρτυρες

 της εποχής τους. 

Θέση στην ειδωλοπλαστική δεν βρίσκουν μόνο οι σεβάσμιες μορφές θεοτήτων ή τα

 μυθολογικά όντα αλλά και οι καθημερινοί άνθρωποι, άλλοτε νέοι, σφριγηλοί,

 ιδεατά όμορφοι και ευγενείς και άλλοτε ηλικιωμένοι, δύσμορφοι, προκλητικοί ή 

αναιδείς, από την προϊστορική εποχή έως το τέλος της αρχαιότητας και αποτελούν

 χαρακτηριστικό και αξιοσημείωτο αριθμητικά εύρημα των ανασκαφών τόσο σε

 νεκροταφεία όσο και σε οικισμούς προϊστορικών και ιστορικών χρόνων.

Το ειδώλιο είναι υποκοριστικό της λέξης είδωλον (< αρχ. οἶδα = βλέπω, γνωρίζω) 

και χρησιμοποιείται για να περιγράψει αντικείμενα που είναι εικόνες υπαρκτών και 

φανταστικών όντων και αντικειμένων. 

Τα ειδώλια εξαφανίζονται με το τέλος της αρχαιότητας, όταν επικράτησε ο 

Χριστιανισμός, στου οποίου το ιδεολογικό και τελετουργικό πλαίσιο δεν είχαν

 πλέον θέση και ρόλο.

Η πολύ ιδιαίτερη έκθεση με τίτλο «Ειδώλιο. Ένας μικρόκοσμος από πηλό» θα

 είναι ανοιχτή για το κοινό για έναν ολόκληρο χρόνο. 

Παρουσιάζει 672 ειδώλια, από τα οποία τα 291 προέρχονται από τη συλλογή

 του Αρχαιολογικού Μουσείου Θεσσαλονίκης και τα υπόλοιπα από το σύνολο των

 Εφορειών Αρχαιοτήτων της Βόρειας Ελλάδας (Εφορείες Αρχαιοτήτων 

Περιφέρειας Θεσσαλονίκης, Πόλης Θεσσαλονίκης, Χαλκιδικής & Αγίου Όρους,

 Ημαθίας, Πέλλας, Πιερίας Κοζάνης, Γρεβενών, Καστοριάς, Φλώρινας, Κιλκίς,

 Σερρών, Δράμας, Καβάλας-Θάσου, Ξάνθης, Ροδόπης και Έβρου).

Η εκθεσιακή αφήγηση ακολουθεί δύο κύριους άξονες: 
α) τον χρονολογικό & τοπογραφικό, για την παρουσίαση ειδωλίων από τη

 νεολιθική έως και τη ρωμαϊκή εποχή από αρχαιολογικές θέσεις, οικισμούς,

 νεκροταφεία, ιερά, και εργαστήρια ολόκληρου του βορειοελλαδικού χώρου και
β) τον θεματικό για την παρουσίαση αντικειμένων με βάση τις ερμηνείες 

και τα σημαινόμενά τους.

Τα περισσότερα θα εκτεθούν στο κοινό για πρώτη φορά ως ένα πραγματικό 

πανόραμα των ειδωλίων από την 7η χιλιετία έως τον 4ο αι. μ.Χ. 

Στη διάρκεια της έκθεσης θα διεξαχθούν εκπαιδευτικά προγράμματα για παιδιά 

κι εφήβους, πειραματικό εργαστήριο παραγωγής ειδωλίων και διεθνές 

συνέδριο για την κοροπλαστική στον ελλαδικό χώρο.

[edit]

• 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I.
• 1081 – Alexios I Komnenos is crowned Byzantine emperor at Constantinople, bringing the Komnenian dynasty to full power.
• 1242 – During the Battle on the Ice of Lake Peipus, Russian forces, led by Alexander Nevsky, rebuff an invasion attempt by the Teutonic Knights.
• 1536 – Royal Entry of Charles V into Rome: The last Roman triumph.
• 1566 – Two-hundred Dutch noblemen, led by Hendrick van Brederode, force themselves into the presence of Margaret of Parma and present the Petition of Compromise, denouncing the Spanish Inquisition in the Seventeen Provinces.
• 1609 – Daimyo (Lord) Shimazu Tadatsune of the Satsuma Domain in southern Kyūshū, Japan, completes his successful invasion of the Ryūkyū Kingdom in Okinawa.
• 1614 – In Virginia, Native American Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe.
• 1621 – The Mayflower sets sail from Plymouth, Massachusetts on a return trip to England.
• 1710 – The Statute of Anne receives the Royal Assent establishing the Copyright law of the United Kingdom.
• 1722 – The Dutch explorer Jacob Roggeveen discovers Easter Island.
• 1792 – United States President George Washington exercises his authority to veto a bill, the first time this power is used in the United States.
• 1795 – Peace of Basel between France and Prussia is made.
• 1818 – In the Battle of Maipú, Chile's independence movement, led by Bernardo O'Higgins and José de San Martín, win a decisive victory over Spain, leaving 2,000 Spaniards and 1,000 Chilean patriots dead.
• 1862 – American Civil War: The Battle of Yorktown begins.
• 1879 – Chile declares war on Bolivia and Peru, starting the War of the Pacific.
• 1900 – Archaeologists in Knossos, Crete, discover a large cache of clay tablets with hieroglyphic writing in a script they call Linear B.
• 1904 – The first international rugby league match is played between England and an Other Nationalities team (Welsh & Scottish players) in Central Park, Wigan, England.
• 1915 – Boxing challenger Jess Willard knocks out Jack Johnson in Havana, Cuba to become the Heavyweight Champion of the World.
• 1922 – The American Birth Control League, forerunner of Planned Parenthood, is incorporated.
• 1932 – Dominion of Newfoundland: Ten thousand rioters seize the Colonial Building leading to the end of self-government.
• 1933 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs two executive orders: 6101 to establish the Civilian Conservation Corps, and 6102 "forbidding the Hoarding of Gold Coin, Gold Bullion, and Gold Certificates" by U.S. citizens.
• 1936 – Tupelo–Gainesville tornado outbreak: An F5 tornado kills 233 in Tupelo, Mississippi.
• 1942 – World War II: The Imperial Japanese Navy launches a carrier-based air attack on Colombo, Ceylon during the Indian Ocean raid. Port and civilian facilities are damaged and the Royal Navy cruisers HMS Cornwall and HMS Dorsetshire are sunk southwest of the island.
• 1943 – World War II: American bomber aircraft accidentally cause more than 900 civilian deaths, including 209 children, and 1,300 wounded among the civilian population of the Belgian town of Mortsel. Their target was the Erla factory one kilometer from the residential area hit.
• 1944 – World War II: Two hundred seventy inhabitants of the Greek town of Kleisoura are executed by the Germans.
• 1945 – Cold War: Yugoslav leader Josip Broz Tito signs an agreement with the Soviet Union to allow "temporary entry of Soviet troops into Yugoslav territory".
• 1949 – A fire in a hospital in Effingham, Illinois, kills 77 people and leads to nationwide fire code improvements in the United States.
• 1951 – Ethel and Julius Rosenberg are sentenced to death for spying for the Soviet Union.
• 1956 – Fidel Castro declares himself at war with Cuban President Fulgencio Batista.
• 1956 – In Sri Lanka, the Mahajana Eksath Peramuna win the general elections in a landslide and S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike is sworn in as the Prime Minister of Ceylon.
• 1957 – In India, Communists win the first elections in united Kerala and E. M. S. Namboodiripad is sworn in as the first Chief Minister.
• 1958 – Ripple Rock, an underwater threat to navigation in the Seymour Narrows in Canada is destroyed in one of the largest non-nuclear controlled explosions of the time.
• 1969 – Vietnam War: Massive antiwar demonstrations occur in many U.S. cities.
• 1971 – In Sri Lanka, Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna launches a revolt against the United Front government of Sirimavo Bandaranaike.
• 1976 – In the People's Republic of China, the April Fifth Movement leads to the Tiananmen Incident.
• 1986 – Three people are killed in the bombing of the La Belle discotheque in West Berlin, Germany.
• 1991 – An ASA EMB 120 crashes in Brunswick, Georgia, killing all 23 aboard including Sen. John Tower and astronaut Sonny Carter.
• 1992 – Alberto Fujimori, president of Peru, dissolves the Peruvian congress by military force.
• 1992 – Peace protesters Suada Dilberovic and Olga Sučić are killed on the Vrbanja Bridge in Sarajevo, becoming the first casualties of the Bosnian War.
• 1998 – In Japan, the Akashi Kaikyō Bridge opens to traffic, becoming the longest bridge span in the world.
• 1999 – Two Libyans suspected of bringing down Pan Am Flight 103 in 1988 are handed over for eventual trial in the Netherlands.
• 2009 – North Korea launches its controversial Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2 rocket. The satellite passed over mainland Japan, which prompted an immediate reaction from the United Nations Security Council, as well as participating states of Six-party talks.
• 2010 – Twenty-nine coal miners are killed in an explosion at the Upper Big Branch Mine in West Virginia.

Births[edit]

• 1170 – Isabella of Hainault (d. 1190)
• 1288 – Emperor Go-Fushimi of Japan (d. 1336)
• 1315 – James III of Majorca (d. 1349)
• 1472 – Bianca Maria Sforza, Italian wife of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1510)
• 1523 – Blaise de Vigenère, French cryptographer and diplomat (d. 1596)
• 1588 – Thomas Hobbes, English philosopher (d. 1679)
• 1595 – John Wilson, English composer and educator (d. 1674)
• 1604 – Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1675)
• 1622 – Vincenzo Viviani, Italian mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (d. 1703)
• 1649 – Elihu Yale, American-English merchant and philanthropist (d. 1721)
• 1692 – Adrienne Lecouvreur, French actress (d. 1730)
• 1719 – Axel von Fersen the Elder, Swedish field marshal and politician, Lord Marshal of Sweden (d. 1794)
• 1727 – Pasquale Anfossi, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1797)
• 1732 – Jean-Honoré Fragonard, French painter and etcher (d. 1806)
• 1752 – Sébastien Érard, French instrument maker (d. 1831)
• 1761 – Sybil Ludington, heroine of the American Revolutionary War (d. 1839)
• 1769 – Sir Thomas Hardy, 1st Baronet, English admiral (d. 1839)
• 1780 – Benjamin Greene, English brewer and businessman, founded Greene King Brewery (d. 1860)
• 1784 – Louis Spohr, German violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 1859)
• 1805 – Samuel Forde, Irish painter (d. 1828)
• 1816 – Samuel Freeman Miller, American physician, lawyer, and jurist (d. 1890)
• 1824 – Moses Dickson, African-American abolitionist, soldier, minister and founder of The Knights of Liberty (d. 1901)
• 1827 – Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister, English surgeon and academic (d. 1912)
• 1832 – Jules Ferry, French lawyer and politician, 44th Prime Minister of France (d. 1893)
• 1835 – Carl Theodor Schulz, German-Norwegian gardener (d. 1914)
• 1837 – Algernon Charles Swinburne, English poet, playwright, novelist, and critic (d. 1909)
• 1839 – Robert Smalls, American pilot and politician (d. 1915)
• 1840 – Ghazaros Aghayan, Armenian historian and linguist (d. 1911)
• 1856 – Booker T. Washington, American educator, essayist and historian (d. 1915)
• 1857 – Alexander of Battenberg (d. 1893)
• 1858 – Washington Atlee Burpee, Canadian businessman, founded Burpee Seeds (d. 1915)
• 1863 – Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine (d. 1950)
• 1867 – Helen Stratton, British book illustrator (d.1961)
• 1869 – Sergey Chaplygin, Russian physicist, mathematician, and engineer (d. 1942)
• 1869 – Albert Roussel, French composer (d. 1937)
• 1872 – Samuel Cate Prescott, American microbiologist and chemist (d. 1962)
• 1875 – Mistinguett, French actress and singer (d. 1956)
• 1878 – Paul Weinstein, German high jumper (d. 1964)
• 1883 – Walter Huston, Canadian-American actor and singer (d. 1950)
• 1884 – Ion Inculeț, Bessarabian academic and politician, President of Moldova (d. 1940)
• 1886 – Gustavo Jiménez, Peruvian colonel and politician, 73rd President of Peru (d. 1933)
• 1891 – Arnold Jackson, English runner, soldier, and lawyer (d. 1972)
• 1893 – Clas Thunberg, Finnish speed skater (d. 1973)
• 1899 – Alfred Blalock, American surgeon and academic (d. 1964)
• 1899 – Elsie Thompson, American super-centenarian (d. 2013)
• 1900 – Herbert Bayer, Austrian-American graphic designer, painter, and photographer (d. 1985)
• 1900 – Roman Steinberg, Estonian wrestler (d. 1928)
• 1900 – Spencer Tracy, American actor (d. 1967)
• 1901 – Melvyn Douglas, American actor (d. 1981)
• 1902 – Wal Handley, English motorcycle road racer (d. 1941)
• 1902 – Menachem Mendel Schneerson, Russian-American rabbi (d. 1994)
• 1904 – Richard Eberhart, American poet and academic (d. 2005)
• 1906 – Lord Buckley, American stage performer, recording artist and monologist (d. 1960)
• 1908 – Bette Davis, American actress (d. 1989)
• 1908 – Ernestine Gilbreth Carey, American author (d. 2006)
• 1908 – Jagjivan Ram, Indian politician, 4th Deputy Prime Minister of India (d. 1986)
• 1908 – Herbert von Karajan, Austrian conductor and manager (d. 1989)
• 1909 – Albert R. Broccoli, American film producer, co-founded Eon Productions (d. 1996)
• 1909 – Erwin Wegner, German hurdler (d. 1945)
• 1911 – Johnny Revolta, American golfer (d. 1991)
• 1912 – Makar Honcharenko, Ukrainian footballer and manager (d. 1997)
• 1912 – John Le Mesurier, English actor (d. 1983)
• 1912 – István Örkény, Hungarian author and playwright (d. 1979)
• 1912 – Bill Roberts, English sprinter and soldier (d. 2001)
• 1916 – Albert Henry Ottenweller, American bishop (d. 2012)
• 1916 – Gregory Peck, American actor, political activist, and producer (d. 2003)
• 1917 – Robert Bloch, American author (d. 1994)
• 1920 – Barend Biesheuvel, Dutch politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 2001)
• 1920 – Arthur Hailey, English-Canadian soldier and author (d. 2004)
• 1920 – Alfonso Thiele, Turkish-Italian race car driver (d. 1986)
• 1920 – Rafiq Zakaria, Indian cleric, scholar, and politician (d. 2005)
• 1922 – Tom Finney, English footballer (d. 2014)
• 1922 – Harry Freedman, Polish-Canadian horn player, composer, and educator (d. 2005)
• 1922 – Christopher Hewett, English actor and director (d. 2001)
• 1922 – Gale Storm, American actress and singer (d. 2009)
• 1923 – Michael V. Gazzo, American actor (d. 1995)
• 1923 – Nguyễn Văn Thiệu, Vietnamese general and politician, 5th President of South Vietnam (d. 2001)
• 1926 – Roger Corman, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1926 – Süleyman Seba, Turkish footballer and colonel (d. 2014)
• 1928 – Fernand Dansereau, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1928 – Haldun Dormen, Turkish actor, director, and producer
• 1928 – Tony Williams, American singer (d. 1992)
• 1929 – Hugo Claus, Belgian author, poet, and painter (d. 2008)
• 1929 – Ivar Giaever, Norwegian-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1929 – Nigel Hawthorne, English actor and producer (d. 2001)
• 1929 – Joe Meek, English songwriter and producer (d. 1967)
• 1931 – Jack Clement, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2013)
• 1933 – Frank Gorshin, American actor (d. 2005)
• 1933 – Barbara Holland, American author (d. 2010)
• 1933 – K. Kailasapathy, Sri Lankan journalist and academic (d. 1982)
• 1934 – John Carey, English author and critic
• 1934 – Roman Herzog, German lawyer and politician, 7th President of Germany (d. 2017)
• 1934 – Moise Safra, Brazilian businessman and philanthropist, co-founded Banco Safra (d. 2014)
• 1934 – Stanley Turrentine, American saxophonist and composer (d. 2000)
• 1935 – Peter Grant, English talent manager (d. 1995)
• 1935 – Donald Lynden-Bell, English astrophysicist and astronomer
• 1936 – John Kelly, PIRA volunteer and Sinn Féin politician (d. 2007)
• 1937 – Joseph Lelyveld, American journalist and author
• 1937 – Colin Powell, American general and politician, 65th United States Secretary of State
• 1938 – Colin Bland, Zimbabwean-South African cricketer
• 1938 – Nancy Holt, American sculptor and painter (d. 2014)
• 1938 – Mal Colston, Australian educator and politician (d. 2003)
• 1938 – Natalya Kustinskaya, Soviet actress (d. 2012)
• 1939 – Crispian St. Peters, English singer-songwriter (d. 2010)
• 1939 – Ronald White, American singer-songwriter (d. 1995)
• 1940 – Tommy Cash, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1940 – Gilles Proulx, Canadian journalist, historian, and radio host
• 1941 – Michael Moriarty, American-Canadian actor
• 1941 – Dave Swarbrick, English singer-songwriter and fiddler (d. 2016)
• 1942 – Allan Clarke, English singer-songwriter
• 1942 – Peter Greenaway, Welsh director and screenwriter
• 1943 – Max Gail, American actor and director
• 1943 – Fighting Harada, Japanese boxer
• 1943 – Jean-Louis Tauran, French cardinal
• 1944 – Peter T. King, American soldier, lawyer, and politician
• 1944 – Pedro Rosselló, Puerto Rican physician and politician, 7th Governor of Puerto Rico
• 1946 – Jane Asher, English actress
• 1946 – Russell Davies, Welsh journalist and radio host
• 1946 – Takuro Yoshida, Japanese singer-songwriter
• 1947 – Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, Filipino academic and politician, 14th President of the Philippines
• 1947 – Virendra Sharma, Indian-English lawyer and politician
• 1948 – Les Binks, Irish drummer and songwriter
• 1948 – Dave Holland, English drummer
• 1949 – Judith Resnik, American engineer and astronaut (d. 1986)
• 1950 – Agnetha Fältskog, Swedish singer-songwriter and producer
• 1951 – Yevgeniy Gavrilenko, Belarusian hurdler
• 1951 – Dean Kamen, American inventor and businessman, founded Segway Inc.
• 1951 – Dave McArtney, New Zealand singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2013)
• 1952 – John C. Dvorak, American author, editor and co-host of No Agenda podcast
• 1952 – Mitch Pileggi, American actor
• 1953 – John Buchanan, Australian cricketer and coach
• 1953 – Frank Gaffney, American journalist and radio host
• 1953 – Ian Swales, English accountant and politician
• 1954 – Guy Bertrand, Canadian linguist and radio host
• 1954 – Peter Case, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1954 – Stan Ridgway, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1955 – Charlotte de Turckheim, French actress, producer, and screenwriter
• 1955 – Anthony Horowitz, English author and screenwriter
• 1955 – Akira Toriyama, Japanese illustrator
• 1956 – Diamond Dallas Page, American wrestler and actor
• 1957 – Karin Roßley, German hurdler
• 1958 – Johan Kriek, South African-American tennis player
• 1958 – Diana Nasution, Indonesian singer
• 1958 – Lasantha Wickrematunge, Sri Lankan lawyer and journalist (d. 2009)
• 1959 – Julius Drake, English pianist and educator
• 1960 – Asteris Koutoulas, Romanian-German record producer, manager, and author
• 1960 – Larry McCray, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1960 – Ian Redford, Scottish footballer and manager (d. 2014)
• 1961 – Jim LeRoy, American pilot (d. 2007)
• 1962 – Charlie Adam, Scottish footballer (d. 2012)
• 1962 – Lana Clarkson, American actress and model (d. 2003)
• 1962 – Gord Donnelly, Canadian ice hockey player and scout
• 1962 – Kirsan Ilyumzhinov, Kalmyk businessman and politician, 1st President of Kalmykia
• 1964 – Princess Erika, French singer-songwriter
• 1964 – Marius Lăcătuș, Romanian footballer and coach
• 1964 – Christopher Reid, American rapper and actor
• 1965 – Cris Carpenter, American baseball player and educator
• 1965 – Aykut Kocaman, Turkish footballer and manager
• 1966 – Mike McCready, American guitarist and songwriter
• 1967 – Gary Gait, Canadian lacrosse player and coach
• 1967 – Anu Garg, Indian-American journalist and author
• 1967 – Troy Gentry, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1968 – Paula Cole, American singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1968 – Stewart Lee, British standup comedian and writer
• 1969 – Ryan Birch, English martial artist (d. 2013)
• 1970 – Soheil Ayari, French race car driver
• 1970 – Krishnan Guru-Murthy, English journalist
• 1970 – Miho Hatori, Japanese singer-songwriter
• 1971 – Dong Abay, Filipino singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1971 – Ayako Nishikawa, Japanese television personality, entertainer, comedian, and surgeon
• 1972 – Tim Coronel, Dutch race car driver
• 1972 – Pat Green, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1972 – Paul Okon, Australian footballer and manager
• 1972 – Waylon Payne, American singer-songwriter and actor
• 1972 – Duncan Spencer, English cricketer
• 1972 – Yasuhiro Takemoto, Japanese animator and director
• 1973 – Tony Banks, American football player and journalist
• 1973 – Élodie Bouchez, French-American actress
• 1973 – Brendan Cannon, Australian rugby player
• 1973 – Cho Sung-min, South Korean baseball player (d. 2013)
• 1973 – Pharrell Williams, American rapper, producer, and fashion designer
• 1974 – Sahaj, American singer-songwriter
• 1974 – Marcus Jones, English lawyer and politician
• 1974 – Vyacheslav Voronin, Russian high jumper
• 1974 – Sheryl Cruz, Filipino actress and singer
• 1975 – Sarah Baldock, English organist and conductor
• 1975 – John Hartson, Welsh footballer and coach
• 1975 – Juicy J, American rapper and producer
• 1975 – Caitlin Moran, English journalist, author, and critic
• 1975 – Shammond Williams, American basketball player and coach
• 1976 – Ryan Drese, American baseball player
• 1976 – Ross Gload, American baseball player
• 1976 – Simone Inzaghi, Italian footballer
• 1976 – Fernando Morientes, Spanish footballer and coach
• 1976 – Indrek Tobreluts, Estonian biathlete
• 1977 – Stella Creasy, English psychologist and politician
• 1978 – Robert Glasper, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer
• 1978 – Stephen Jackson, American basketball player
• 1978 – Franziska van Almsick, German swimmer
• 1979 – Timo Hildebrand, German footballer
• 1979 – Mitsuo Ogasawara, Japanese footballer
• 1979 – Benji Radach, American mixed martial artist and trainer
• 1979 – Dante Wesley, American football player
• 1980 – Matt Bonner, American basketball player
• 1980 – David Chocarro, Argentinian baseball player and actor
• 1980 – Mary Katharine Ham, American journalist and blogger
• 1980 – Joris Mathijsen, Dutch footballer
• 1981 – Jorge de la Rosa, Mexican baseball player
• 1981 – Michael A. Monsoor, American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2006)
• 1982 – Hayley Atwell, English-American actress
• 1982 – Thomas Hitzlsperger, German footballer
• 1982 – Kelly Pavlik, American boxer
• 1982 – Matt Pickens, American soccer player
• 1982 – Alexandre Prémat, French race car driver
• 1983 – Jorge Andrés Martínez, Uruguayan footballer
• 1984 – David Dillehunt, American director, producer, and composer
• 1984 – Kisho Yano, Japanese footballer
• 1984 – Shin Min-a, South Korean actress
• 1984 – Saba Qamar, Pakistani actress-model
• 1985 – Daniel Congré, French footballer
• 1985 – Lastings Milledge, American baseball player
• 1987 – Max Grün, German footballer
• 1987 – Sergei Lepmets, Estonian footballer
• 1988 – Jon Kwang-ik, North Korean footballer
• 1988 – Asumi Nakada, Japanese voice actress and model
• 1988 – Christopher Papamichalopoulos, Cypriot skier
• 1988 – Alex Valentini, Italian footballer
• 1989 – Lily James, English actress
• 1991 – Linnon Stylz, American singer and businessman
• 1992 – Emmalyn Estrada, Canadian singer-songwriter and dancer
• 1993 – Benjamin Garcia, French rugby league player
• 1993 – Maya DiRado, American swimmer
• 1996 – Nicolas Beer, Danish racing driver
• 1998 – Kaito Nakamura, Japanese actor and model
• 1999 – Sharlene San Pedro, Filipino actress, singer, and dancer

Deaths[edit]

• 517 – Timothy I of Constantinople
• 582 – Eutychius of Constantinople (b. 512)
• 584 – Ruadán of Lorrha, Irish abbot
• 902 – Al-Mu'tadid, Iraqi caliph (b. 960)
• 1168 – Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester, English politician (b. 1104)
• 1205 – Queen Isabella I of Jerusalem (b. 1172)
• 1258 – Saint Juliana of Liège
• 1340 – William Melton, English archbishop
• 1419 – Vincent Ferrer, Spanish missionary and saint (b. 1350)
• 1431 – Bernard I, Margrave of Baden-Baden (b. 1364)
• 1605 – Adam Loftus, English-Irish archbishop and politician, Lord Chancellor of Ireland (b. 1513)
• 1617 – Alonso Lobo, Spanish composer (b. 1555)
• 1673 – François Caron, Belgian-French explorer and politician, 8th Governor of Formosa (b. 1600)
• 1693 – Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier (b. 1627)
• 1695 – George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax, English politician, Lord President of the Council (b. 1633)
• 1697 – Charles XI of Sweden (b. 1655)
• 1717 – Jean Jouvenet, French painter (b. 1647)
• 1735 – William Derham, English minister and philosopher (b. 1657)
• 1735 – Samuel Wesley, English clergyman and poet (b. 1662)
• 1765 – Edward Young, English poet and author (b. 1683)
• 1794 – Georges Danton, French lawyer and politician, French Minister of Justice (b. 1759)
• 1794 – Camille Desmoulins, French journalist, lawyer, and politician (b. 1760)
• 1804 – Jean-Charles Pichegru, French general (b. 1761)
• 1834 – Richard Goodwin Keats, English admiral and politician, 40th Commodore Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1757)
• 1864 – Alaric Alexander Watts, English poet and journalist (b. 1797)
• 1900 – Joseph Louis François Bertrand, French mathematician, economist, and academic (b. 1822)
• 1900 – Osman Nuri Pasha, Ottoman field marshal and the hero of the Siege of Plevna in 1877 (b. 1832)
• 1923 – George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon, English archaeologist and businessman (b. 1866)
• 1928 – Roy Kilner, English cricketer and soldier (b. 1890)
• 1936 – Chandler Egan, American golfer and architect (b. 1884)
• 1940 – Charles Freer Andrews, English-Indian priest, missionary, and educator (b. 1871)
• 1941 – Nigel Gresley, Scottish-English engineer (b. 1876)
• 1943 – Aleš Hrdlička, Czech-American anthropologist and scholar (b. 1869)
• 1945 – Karl-Otto Koch, German SS officer (b. 1897)
• 1946 – Vincent Youmans, American composer and producer (b. 1898)
• 1952 – Charles Collett, English engineer (b. 1871)
• 1964 – Douglas MacArthur, American general (b. 1880)
• 1966 – John Henry Starling, Australian public servant (b. 1883)
• 1967 – Mischa Elman, Ukrainian-American violinist (b. 1891)
• 1967 – Hermann Joseph Muller, American geneticist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1890)
• 1969 – Ain-Ervin Mere, Estonian SS officer (b. 1903)
• 1969 – Shelby Storck, American journalist, actor, director, and producer (b. 1917)
• 1970 – Alfred Sturtevant, American geneticist and academic (b. 1891)
• 1972 – Brian Donlevy, American actor and producer (b. 1901)
• 1972 – Isabel Jewell, American actress and singer (b. 1907)
• 1972 – Robert Speck, Canadian politician, 1st Mayor of Mississauga (b. 1915)
• 1973 – John Coleman, Australian footballer and coach (b. 1928)
• 1974 – A. Y. Jackson, Canadian painter (b. 1882)
• 1975 – Chiang Kai-shek, Chinese general and politician, 1st President of the Republic of China (b. 1887)
• 1976 – Howard Hughes, American pilot, engineer, and director (b. 1905)
• 1976 – Wilder Penfield, American-Canadian surgeon and academic (b. 1891)
• 1979 – Eugène Gabritschevsky, Russian biologist and painter (b. 1893)
• 1981 – Bob Hite, American singer-songwriter (b. 1945)
• 1982 – Abe Fortas, American lawyer and jurist (b. 1910)
• 1983 – Danny Rapp, American singer-songwriter (b. 1941)
• 1984 – Nikolai Matvejev, Estonian cyclist (b. 1923)
• 1987 – Jan Lindblad, Swedish journalist and photographer (b. 1932)
• 1989 – María Cristina Gómez, Salvadoran educator and activist (b. 1938)
• 1991 – Sonny Carter, American soccer player, physician, and astronaut (b. 1947)
• 1991 – John Tower, American soldier, academic, and politician (b. 1925)
• 1992 – Sam Walton, American businessman, founded Walmart and Sam's Club (b. 1918)
• 1993 – Divya Bharti, Indian actress (b. 1974)
• 1994 – Kurt Cobain, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1967)
• 1994 – Roy Smeck, American country musician (b. 1900)
• 1995 – Françoise Loranger, Canadian playwright and producer (b. 1913)
• 1996 – Larry LaPrise, American songwriter (b. 1913)
• 1997 – Allen Ginsberg, American poet (b. 1926)
• 1998 – Cozy Powell, English drummer (b. 1947)
• 1999 – Paul David, Canadian cardiologist and politician (b. 1919)
• 2000 – Lee Petty, American race car driver (b. 1914)
• 2001 – Brother Theodore, German-American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1906)
• 2002 – Layne Staley, American singer-songwriter (b. 1967)
• 2004 – Sławomir Rawicz, Polish lieutenant (b. 1915)
• 2004 – Heiner Zieschang, German mathematician and academic (b. 1936)
• 2005 – Saul Bellow, Canadian-American novelist, essayist and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915)
• 2005 – Dale Messick, American author and illustrator (b. 1906)
• 2005 – John Sichel, French-English director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1937)
• 2005 – Neil Welliver, American painter (b. 1929)
• 2006 – Allan Kaprow, American painter and educator (b. 1927)
• 2006 – Gene Pitney, American singer-songwriter (b. 1941)
• 2007 – Maria Gripe, Swedish journalist and author (b. 1923)
• 2007 – Leela Majumdar, Indian author and academic (b. 1908)
• 2007 – Mark St. John, American guitarist (b. 1956)
• 2007 – Darryl Stingley, American football player and scout (b. 1951)
• 2007 – Poornachandra Tejaswi, Indian ornithologist, author, and photographer (b. 1938)
• 2008 – Charlton Heston, American actor, director, and political activist (b. 1923)
• 2009 – Constantine Papadakis, Greek-American businessman and academic (b. 1946)
• 2012 – Joe Avezzano, American football player and coach (b. 1943)
• 2012 – Jim Herr, American businessman, founded Herr's Snacks (b. 1924)
• 2012 – Jim Marshall, English businessman, founded Marshall Amplification (b. 1923)
• 2012 – Gil Noble, American journalist and producer (b. 1932)
• 2012 – Peter Tapsell, New Zealand surgeon and politician, 30th New Zealand Minister of Defence (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Bingu wa Mutharika, Malawian economist and politician, 3rd President of Malawi (b. 1934)
• 2013 – Regina Bianchi, Italian actress (b. 1921)
• 2013 – Amnon Dankner, Israeli journalist and author (b. 1946)
• 2013 – Piero de Palma, Italian tenor and actor (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Dave Hunt, American radio host and author (b. 1926)
• 2013 – Mohammad Ishaq Khan, Indian historian and academic (b. 1946)
• 2013 – David Kuo, American journalist and author (b. 1968)
• 2013 – Nikolaos Pappas, Greek admiral and politician, Greek Minister for Mercantile Marine (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Alan Davie, Scottish saxophonist and painter (b. 1920)
• 2014 – Peter Matthiessen, American novelist, short story writer, editor, co-founded The Paris Review (b. 1927)
• 2014 – Gordon Smith, Scottish footballer (b. 1954)
• 2014 – José Wilker, Brazilian actor, director, and producer (b. 1947)
• 2015 – Fredric Brandt, American dermatologist and author (b. 1949)
• 2015 – Juan Carlos Cáceres, Argentinian singer and pianist (b. 1936)
• 2015 – Richard Dysart, American actor (b. 1929)
• 2015 – Steve Rickard, New Zealand-Australian wrestler, trainer, and promoter (b. 1929)
• 2015 – Julie Wilson, American actress and singer (b. 1924)
• 2016 – Koço Kasapoğlu, Turkish footballer (b. 1936)

Ποιοι είναι οι πιο ελκυστικοί Ευρωπαίοι

Oι Γάλλοι, οι Ιταλίδες, ή οι Σουηδέζες; Ποιοι τέλος πάντων 

είναι οι πιο όμορφοι άνδρες και γυναίκες στην Ευρώπη;

Την απορία λύνει ο χάρτης που δημοσιεύτηκε πρόσφατα στο Reddit και 

παρουσίασε τα αποτελέσματα μιας μίνι έρευνας για το ποιοι είναι οι πιο

 ελκυστικοί Ευρωπαίοι. 

Με μια πρώτη ματιά στο χάρτη φαίνεται αμέσως η κυριαρχία της Σουηδίας.

 Ακολουθούν η Γαλλία, η Ισπανία, η Νορβηγία, η Ιταλία, η Πολωνία και κάπου

 στη μέση και... προς τα κάτω θα λέγαμε βρίσκεται η Ελλάδα. 

Δεδομένου ότι η εγκυρότητα της εν λόγω έρευνας αμφισβητείται αφού κανείς 

δεν ξέρει πόσοι και ποιοι ακριβώς απάντησαν στο ερώτημα, παραθέτουμε μια 

άλλη έρευνα που διεξήχθη το 2014, από το MissTravel.com και είχε καταλήξει σε

συμπεράσματα για το ποιοι είναι οι πιο ελκυστικοί λαοί σε όλο τον κόσμο: 

Τα αποτελέσματα σύμφωνα με τις γυναίκες:

• Αυστραλία
• Ιταλία
• Αγγλία
• Σκωτία
• Ισπανία
• Αμερική
• Ιρλανδία
• Βραζιλία
• Καναδάς
• Ολλανδία

Τα αποτελέσματα σύμφωνα με τους άνδρες: 

• Βραζιλία
• Ρωσία
• Κολομβία
• Φιλιππίνες
• Ισπανία
• Αυστραλία
• Βουλγαρία
• Νότια Αφρική
• Καναδάς