• 951 – Guo Wei, a court official, leads a military coup and declares himself emperor of the new Later Zhou.
• 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the Diploma Ottonianum, recognizing John as ruler of Rome.
• 1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th.
• 1462 – The Treaty of Westminster is finalised between Edward IV of England and the Scottish Lord of the Isles.
• 1503 – Challenge of Barletta: Tournament between 13 Italian and 13 French knights near Barletta.
• 1542 – Catherine Howard, the fifth wife of Henry VIII of England, is executed for adultery.
• 1575 – Henry III of France is crowned at Reims.
• 1633 – Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition.
• 1660 – With the accession of young Charles XI of Sweden, his regents begin negotiations to end the Second Northern War.
• 1689 – William and Mary are proclaimed co-rulers of England.
• 1692 – Massacre of Glencoe: Almost 80 Macdonalds at Glen Coe, Scotland are killed early in the morning for not promptly pledging allegiance to the new king, William of Orange.
• 1739 – Battle of Karnal: The army of Iranian ruler Nader Shah defeats the forces of the Mughal emperor of India, Muhammad Shah.
• 1755 – Treaty of Giyanti signed by VOC, Pakubuwono III and Prince Mangkubumi. The treaty divides the Javanese kingdom of Mataram into 2: Sunanate of Surakarta and Sultanate of Yogyakarta.
• 1849 – The delegation headed by Metropolitan bishop Andrei Șaguna hands out to the Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria the General Petition of Romanian leaders in Transylvania, Banat and Bukovina, which demands that the Romanian nation be recognized.
• 1861 – In Gaeta the capitulation of the fortress decreeing the end of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies is signed.
• 1867 – Work begins on the covering of the Senne, burying Brussels's primary river and creating the modern central boulevards.
• 1880 – Thomas Edison observes Thermionic emission.
• 1913 – The 13th Dalai Lama proclaims Tibetan independence following a period of domination by Manchu Qing dynasty and initiated a period of almost four decades of independence.
• 1914 – Copyright: In New York City the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers is established to protect the copyrighted musical compositions of its members.
• 1920 – The Negro National League is formed.
• 1931 – The British Raj completes its transfer from Calcutta to New Delhi.
• 1935 – A jury in Flemington, New Jersey finds Bruno Hauptmann guilty of the 1932 kidnapping and murder of the Lindbergh baby, the son of Charles Lindbergh.
• 1945 – World War II: The siege of Budapest concludes with the unconditional surrender of German and Hungarian forces to the Red Army.
• 1945 – World War II: Royal Air Force bombers are dispatched to Dresden, Germany to attack the city with a massive aerial bombardment.
• 1951 – Korean War: Battle of Chipyong-ni, which represented the "high-water mark" of the Chinese incursion into South Korea, commences.
• 1954 – Frank Selvy becomes the only NCAA Division I basketball player ever to score 100 points in a single game.
• 1955 – Israel obtains four of the seven Dead Sea Scrolls.
• 1960 – With the success of a nuclear test codenamed "Gerboise Bleue", France becomes the fourth country to possess nuclear weapons.
• 1960 – Black college students stage the first of the Nashville sit-ins at three lunch counters in Nashville, Tennessee.
• 1961 – An allegedly 500,000-year-old rock is discovered near Olancha, California, US, that appears to anachronistically encase a spark plug.
• 1967 – American researchers discover the Madrid Codices by Leonardo da Vinci in the National Library of Spain.
• 1975 – Fire at the World Trade Center in New York.
• 1978 – Hilton bombing: a bomb explodes in a refuse truck outside the Hilton Hotel in Sydney, Australia, killing two refuse collectors and a policeman.
• 1979 – An intense windstorm strikes western Washington and sinks a 1/2-mile-long section of the Hood Canal Bridge.
• 1981 – A series of sewer explosions destroys more than two miles of streets in Louisville, Kentucky.
• 1983 – A cinema fire in Turin, Italy, kills 64 people.
• 1984 – Konstantin Chernenko succeeds the late Yuri Andropov as general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
• 1990 – German reunification: An agreement is reached on a two-stage plan to reunite Germany.
• 1991 – Gulf War: Two laser-guided "smart bombs" destroy the Amiriyah shelter in Baghdad. Allied forces said the bunker was being used as a military communications outpost, but over 400 Iraqi civilians inside were killed.
• 1996 – The Nepalese Civil War is initiated in the Kingdom of Nepal by the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist-Centre).
• 2001 – An earthquake measuring 6.6 on the Richter magnitude scale hits El Salvador, killing at least 400.
• 2004 – The Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics announces the discovery of the universe's largest known diamond, white dwarf star BPM 37093. Astronomers named this star "Lucy" after The Beatles' song "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds".
• 2007 – Taiwan opposition leader Ma Ying-jeou resigns as the chairman of the Kuomintang party after being indicted on charges of embezzlement during his tenure as the mayor of Taipei; Ma also announces his candidacy for the 2008 presidential election.
• 2008 – Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd makes a historic apology to the Indigenous Australians and the Stolen Generations.
• 2010 – A bomb explodes in the city of Pune, Maharashtra, India, killing 17 and injuring 60 more.
• 2011 – For the first time in more than 100 years the Umatilla, an American Indian tribe, are able to hunt and harvest a bison just outside Yellowstone National Park, restoring a centuries-old tradition guaranteed by a treaty signed in 1855.
• 2012 – The European Space Agency (ESA) conducted the first launch of the European Vega rocket from Europe's spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana.
• 2017 – Kim Jong-nam is assassinated at Kuala Lumpur International Airport.

Births[edit]

• 1440 – Hartmann Schedel, German physician (d. 1514)
• 1457 – Mary of Burgundy, Sovereign Duchess regnant of Burgundy, married to Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1482)
• 1469 – Elia Levita, Renaissance Hebrew grammarian (d. 1549)
• 1480 – Girolamo Aleandro, Italian cardinal (d. 1542)
• 1523 – Valentin Naboth, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1593)
• 1539 – Elisabeth of Hesse, Electress Palatine (d. 1582)
• 1569 – Johann Reinhard I, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1625)
• 1599 – Pope Alexander VII (d. 1667)
• 1672 – Étienne François Geoffroy, French physician and chemist (d. 1731)
• 1683 – Giovanni Battista Piazzetta, Italian painter (d. 1754)
• 1719 – George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney, English admiral and politician (d. 1792)
• 1721 – John Reid, Scottish general (d. 1807)
• 1728 – John Hunter, Scottish surgeon and anatomist (d. 1793)
• 1766 – Thomas Robert Malthus, English economist and scholar (d. 1834)
• 1768 – Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier, French general and politician, 15th Prime Minister of France (d. 1835)
• 1769 – Ivan Krylov, Russian author, poet, and playwright (d. 1844)
• 1805 – Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, German mathematician and academic (d. 1859)
• 1811 – François Achille Bazaine, French general (d. 1888)
• 1815 – Rufus Wilmot Griswold, American anthologist, editor, poet and critic (d. 1857)
• 1831 – John Aaron Rawlins, American general and politician, 29th United States Secretary of War (d. 1869)
• 1834 – Heinrich Caro, Sephardic Jewish Polish-German chemist and academic (d. 1910)
• 1835 – Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, Indian religious leader (d. 1908)
• 1849 – Lord Randolph Churchill, English lawyer and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (d. 1895)
• 1855 – Paul Deschanel, Belgian-French politician, 11th President of France (d. 1922)
• 1863 – Hugo Becker, German cellist and composer (d. 1941)
• 1867 – Harold Mahony, Scottish-Irish tennis player (d. 1905)
• 1870 – Leopold Godowsky, Polish-American pianist and composer (d. 1938)
• 1873 – Feodor Chaliapin, Russian opera singer (d. 1938)
• 1876 – Fritz Buelow, German-American baseball player and umpire (d. 1933)
• 1879 – Sarojini Naidu, Indian poet and activist (d. 1949)
• 1880 – Dimitrie Gusti, Romanian sociologist, ethnologist, historian, and philosopher (d. 1955)
• 1881 – Eleanor Farjeon, Jewish-English author, poet, and playwright (d. 1965)
• 1883 – Hal Chase, American baseball player and manager (d. 1947)
• 1883 – Yevgeny Vakhtangov, Russian-Armenian actor and director (d. 1922)
• 1884 – Alfred Carlton Gilbert, American pole vaulter and businessman, founded the A. C. Gilbert Company (d. 1961)
• 1885 – Bess Truman, American wife of Harry S. Truman, 35th First Lady of the United States (d. 1982)
• 1887 – Géza Csáth, Hungarian playwright and critic (d. 1919)
• 1888 – Georgios Papandreou, Greek lawyer, economist, and politician, 162nd Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1968)
• 1889 – Leontine Sagan, Austrian actress and director (d. 1974)
• 1891 – Kate Roberts, Welsh author and activist (d. 1985)
• 1891 – Grant Wood, American painter and academic (d. 1942)
• 1892 – Robert H. Jackson, American lawyer, judge, and politician, 57th United States Attorney General (d. 1954)
• 1898 – Hubert Ashton, English cricketer and politician (d. 1979)
• 1900 – Barbara von Annenkoff, Russian-born German film and stage actress (d. 1979)
• 1901 – Paul Lazarsfeld, Austrian-American sociologist and academic (d. 1976)
• 1902 – Harold Lasswell, American political scientist and theorist (d. 1978)
• 1903 – Georgy Beriev, Georgian-Russian engineer, founded the Beriev Aircraft Company (d. 1979)
• 1903 – Georges Simenon, Belgian-Swiss author (d. 1989)
• 1906 – Agostinho da Silva, Portuguese philosopher and author (d. 1994)
• 1907 – Katy de la Cruz, Filipino-American singer and actress (d. 2004)
• 1910 – William Shockley, English-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989)
• 1911 – Faiz Ahmad Faiz, Indian-Pakistani poet and journalist (d. 1984)
• 1911 – Jean Muir, American actress and educator (d. 1996)
• 1912 – Harald Riipalu, Russian-Estonian commander (d. 1961)
• 1912 – Margaretta Scott, English actress (d. 2005)
• 1913 – Khalid of Saudi Arabia (d. 1982)
• 1915 – Lyle Bettger, American actor (d. 2003)
• 1915 – Aung San, Burmese general and politician, 5th Premier of British Crown Colony of Burma (d. 1947)
• 1918 – Patty Berg, American golfer and lieutenant (d. 2006)
• 1919 – Tennessee Ernie Ford, American singer and actor (d. 1991)
• 1919 – Eddie Robinson, American football player and coach (d. 2007)
• 1920 – Boudleaux Bryant, American songwriter (d. 1987)
• 1920 – Eileen Farrell, American soprano and educator (d. 2002)
• 1921 – Jeanne Demessieux, French pianist and composer (d. 1968)
• 1921 – Aung Khin, Burmese painter (d. 1996)
• 1922 – Francis Pym, Baron Pym, Welsh soldier and politician, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (d. 2008)
• 1922 – Gordon Tullock, American economist and academic (d. 2014)
• 1923 – Michael Anthony Bilandic, American soldier, judge, and politician, 49th Mayor of Chicago (d. 2002)
• 1923 – Chuck Yeager, American general and pilot; first test pilot to break the sound barrier
• 1924 – Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber, French journalist and politician (d. 2006)
• 1926 – Fay Ajzenberg-Selove, American nuclear physicist (d. 2012)
• 1928 – Gerald Regan, Canadian lawyer and politician, 19th Premier of Nova Scotia
• 1929 – Omar Torrijos, Panamanian commander and politician, Military Leader of Panama (d. 1981)
• 1930 – Ernst Fuchs, Austrian painter, sculptor, and illustrator (d. 2015)
• 1930 – Israel Kirzner, English-American economist, author, and academic
• 1932 – Susan Oliver, American actress (d. 1990)
• 1933 – Paul Biya, Cameroon politician, 2nd President of Cameroon
• 1933 – Kim Novak, American actress
• 1933 – Emanuel Ungaro, French fashion designer
• 1934 – George Segal, American actor
• 1937 – Ali El-Maak, Sudanese author and academic (d. 1992)
• 1937 – Angelo Mosca, American-Canadian football player and wrestler
• 1938 – Oliver Reed, English actor (d. 1999)
• 1940 – Bram Peper, Dutch sociologist and politician, Mayor of Rotterdam
• 1941 – Sigmar Polke, German painter and photographer (d. 2010)
• 1941 – Bo Svenson, Swedish-American actor, director, and producer
• 1942 – Carol Lynley, American model and actress
• 1942 – Peter Tork, American singer-songwriter, bass player, and actor
• 1942 – Donald E. Williams, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2016)
• 1943 – Elaine Pagels, American theologian and academic
• 1944 – Stockard Channing, American actress
• 1944 – Jerry Springer, English-American television host, actor, and politician, 56th Mayor of Cincinnati
• 1945 – Marian Dawkins, English biologist and academic
• 1945 – King Floyd, American singer-songwriter (d. 2006)
• 1945 – Simon Schama, English historian and author
• 1945 – William Sleator, American author and composer (d. 2011)
• 1946 – Richard Blumenthal, American sergeant and politician, 23rd Attorney General of Connecticut
• 1946 – Janet Finch, English sociologist and academic
• 1946 – Colin Matthews, English composer and educator
• 1947 – Stephen Hadley, American soldier and diplomat, 21st United States National Security Advisor
• 1947 – Mike Krzyzewski, American basketball player and coach
• 1947 – Bogdan Tanjević, Montenegrin-Bosnian professional basketball coach
• 1947 – Kevin Bloody Wilson, Australian comedian, singer-songwriter, and guitarist
• 1949 – Peter Kern, Austrian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
• 1950 – Vera Baird, English lawyer and politician
• 1950 – Peter Gabriel, English singer-songwriter and musician
• 1952 – Ed Gagliardi, American bass player (d. 2014)
• 1953 – Akio Sato, Japanese wrestler and manager
• 1954 – Donnie Moore, American baseball player (d. 1989)
• 1955 – Joe Birkett, American lawyer, judge, and politician
• 1956 – Peter Hook, English singer, songwriter, bass player, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer (Joy Division; New Order)
• 1957 – Denise Austin, American fitness trainer and author
• 1958 – Pernilla August, Swedish actress
• 1958 – Marc Emery, Canadian publisher and activist
• 1958 – Jean-François Lisée, Canadian journalist and politician
• 1958 – Derek Riggs, English painter and illustrator
• 1958 – Øivind Elgenes, Norwegian vocalist, guitarist and composer; front figure of Dance with a Stranger
• 1959 – Gaston Gingras, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1960 – Pierluigi Collina, Italian footballer and referee
• 1960 – John Healey, English journalist and politician
• 1960 – Gary Patterson, American football player and coach
• 1960 – Artur Yusupov, Russian-German chess player and author
• 1961 – Marc Crawford, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1961 – cEvin Key, Canadian singer-songwriter, drummer, keyboard player, and producer
• 1961 – Henry Rollins, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
• 1962 – Aníbal Acevedo Vilá, Puerto Rican lawyer and
• 1962 – Baby Doll, American wrestler and manager
• 1964 – Stephen Bowen, American engineer, captain, and astronaut
• 1964 – Ylva Johansson, Swedish educator and politician, Swedish Minister of Employment
• 1965 – Peter O'Neill, Papua New Guinean accountant and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
• 1966 – Neal McDonough, American actor and producer
• 1966 – Jeff Waters, Canadian guitarist, songwriter, and producer
• 1966 – Freedom Williams, American rapper and singer
• 1967 – Stanimir Stoilov, Bulgarian footballer and coach
• 1969 – Joyce DiDonato, American soprano and actress
• 1970 – Karoline Krüger, Norwegian singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1971 – Sonia Evans, English singer-songwriter
• 1971 – Mats Sundin, Swedish ice hockey player
• 1971 – Todd Williams, American baseball player
• 1972 – Charlie Garner, American football player
• 1974 – Fonzworth Bentley, American rapper and actor
• 1974 – Robbie Williams, English singer-songwriter
• 1975 – Ben Collins, English race car driver
• 1975 – Katie Hopkins, English media personality and columnist
• 1976 – Jörg Bergmeister, German race car driver
• 1976 – Shannon Nevin, Australian rugby league player
• 1977 – Randy Moss, American football player and coach
• 1978 – Niklas Bäckström, Finnish ice hockey player
• 1978 – Philippe Jaroussky, French tenor
• 1979 – Anders Behring Breivik, Norwegian murderer
• 1979 – Rafael Márquez, Mexican footballer
• 1979 – Rachel Reeves, English economist and politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Work and Pensions
• 1979 – Mena Suvari, American actress and fashion designer
• 1980 – Carlos Cotto, Puerto Rican-American wrestler and boxer
• 1981 – Luisão, Brazilian footballer
• 1982 – Even Helte Hermansen, Norwegian guitarist and composer
• 1982 – Michael Turner, American football player
• 1983 – Mike Nickeas, Canadian baseball player
• 1983 – Anna Watkins, English rower
• 1984 – Hinkelien Schreuder, Dutch swimmer
• 1985 – Kwak Ji-min, South Korean actress
• 1985 – Hedwiges Maduro, Dutch footballer
• 1985 – Alexandros Tziolis, Greek footballer
• 1986 – Luke Moore, English footballer
• 1986 – Jamie Murray, Scottish tennis player
• 1987 – Eljero Elia, Dutch footballer
• 1987 – Frank-Paul Nu'uausala, New Zealand rugby league player
• 1988 – Ryan Goins, American baseball player
• 1988 – Eddy Pettybourne, New Zealand-Samoan rugby league player
• 1989 – Rhys Palmer, Australian footballer
• 1989 – Rodrigo Possebon, Brazilian footballer
• 1990 – Olivia Allison, English swimmer
• 1990 – Marco Romizi, Italian footballer
• 1990 – Mamadou Sakho, French footballer
• 1990 – Kevin Strootman, Dutch footballer
• 1991 – Declan Gallacher, Scottish footballer
• 1991 – Eliaquim Mangala, French footballer
• 1991 – Junior Roqica, Australian-Fijian rugby league player
• 1993 – Adam Clydsdale, Australian rugby league player
• 1994 – Memphis Depay, Dutch footballer
• 1994 – Patryk Dobek, Polish sprinter

Deaths[edit]

• 721 – Chilperic II, Frankish king (b. 672)
• 858 – Kenneth MacAlpin, Scottish king (b. 810)
• 921 – Vratislaus I, duke of Bohemia
• 936 – Xiao Wen, empress of the Liao Dynasty
• 942 – Muhammad ibn Ra'iq, Abbasid regent
• 1130 – Pope Honorius II (b. 1060)
• 1141 – Béla II of Hungary (b. 1110)
• 1199 – Stefan Nemanja, Serbian saint (b. 1113)
• 1219 – Minamoto no Sanetomo, Japanese shogun (b. 1192)
• 1332 – Andronikos II Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (b. 1259)
• 1351 – Kō no Morofuyu, Japanese general
• 1539 – Isabella d'Este, Marquise of Mantua (b. 1474)
• 1542 – Catherine Howard, English wife of Henry VIII of England (b. 1521)
• 1571 – Benvenuto Cellini, Italian painter and sculptor (b. 1500)
• 1585 – Alfonso Salmeron, Spanish priest and scholar (b. 1515)
• 1602 – Alexander Nowell, English clergyman and theologian (b. 1507)
• 1660 – Charles X Gustav of Sweden (b. 1622)
• 1662 – Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia (b. 1596)
• 1693 – Johann Caspar Kerll, German organist and composer (b. 1627)
• 1727 – William Wotton, English linguist and scholar (b. 1666)
• 1728 – Cotton Mather, American minister and author (b. 1663)
• 1732 – Charles-René d'Hozier, French historian and author (b. 1640)
• 1741 – Johann Joseph Fux, Austrian composer and theorist (b. 1660)
• 1787 – Roger Joseph Boscovich, Croatian physicist, astronomer, mathematician, and philosopher (b. 1711)
• 1787 – Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes, French lawyer and politician, Foreign Minister of France (b. 1717)
• 1813 – Samuel Ashe, American lawyer and politician, 9th Governor of North Carolina (b. 1725)
• 1818 – George Rogers Clark, American general (b. 1752)
• 1826 – Peter Ludwig von der Pahlen, Russian general and politician, Governor-General of Baltic provinces (b. 1745)
• 1831 – Edward Berry, English admiral (b. 1768)
• 1837 – Mariano José de Larra, Spanish journalist and author (b. 1809)
• 1845 – Henrik Steffens, Norwegian-German philosopher and poet (b. 1773)
• 1877 – Costache Caragiale, Romanian actor and manager (b. 1815)
• 1883 – Richard Wagner, German composer (b. 1813)
• 1888 – Jean-Baptiste Lamy, French-American archbishop (b. 1814)
• 1893 – Ignacio Manuel Altamirano, Mexican intellectual and journalist (b. 1834)
• 1905 – Konstantin Savitsky, Russian painter (b. 1844)
• 1906 – Albert Gottschalk, Danish painter (b. 1866)
• 1934 – József Pusztai, Slovene-Hungarian poet and journalist (b. 1864)
• 1942 – Otakar Batlička, Czech journalist (b. 1895)
• 1942 – Epitácio Pessoa, Brazilian lawyer, judge, and politician, 11th President of Brazil (b. 1865)
• 1950 – Rafael Sabatini, Italian-English novelist and short story writer (b. 1875)
• 1951 – Lloyd C. Douglas, American minister and author (b. 1877)
• 1952 – Josephine Tey, Scottish author and playwright (b. 1896)
• 1954 – Agnes Macphail, Canadian educator and politician (b. 1890)
• 1956 – Jan Łukasiewicz, Polish mathematician and philosopher (b. 1878)
• 1958 – Christabel Pankhurst, English activist, co-founded the Women's Social and Political Union (b. 1880)
• 1958 – Georges Rouault, French painter and illustrator (b. 1871)
• 1964 – Paulino Alcántara, Filipino-Spanish footballer and manager (b. 1896)
• 1964 – Werner Heyde, German psychiatrist and academic (b. 1902)
• 1967 – Yoshisuke Aikawa, entrepreneur, businessman, and politician, founded Nissan Motor Company (b. 1880)
• 1968 – Mae Marsh, American actress (b. 1895)
• 1973 – Marinus Jan Granpré Molière, Dutch architect and educator (b. 1883)
• 1975 – André Beaufre, French general (b. 1902)
• 1976 – Murtala Mohammed, Nigerian general and politician, 4th President of Nigeria (b. 1938)
• 1976 – Lily Pons, French-American soprano and actress (b. 1904)
• 1980 – David Janssen, American actor (b. 1931)
• 1986 – Yuri Ivask, Russian-American poet and critic (b. 1907)
• 1989 – Wayne Hays, American lieutenant and politician (b. 1911)
• 1991 – Arno Breker, German sculptor and illustrator (b. 1900)
• 1992 – Nikolay Bogolyubov, Ukrainian-Russian mathematician and physicist (b. 1909)
• 1996 – Martin Balsam, American actor (b. 1919)
• 1997 – Robert Klark Graham, American eugenicist and businessman (b. 1906)
• 1997 – Mark Krasnosel'skii, Russian-Ukrainian mathematician and academic (b. 1920)
• 2000 – Anders Aalborg, Canadian educator and politician (b. 1914)
• 2000 – James Cooke Brown, American sociologist and author (b. 1921)
• 2000 – John Leake, English soldier (b. 1950)
• 2002 – Waylon Jennings, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1937)
• 2003 – Kid Gavilán, Cuban-American boxer (b. 1926)
• 2003 – Walt Whitman Rostow, American economist; 7th United States National Security Advisor (b. 1916)
• 2004 – François Tavenas, Canadian engineer and academic (b. 1942)
• 2004 – Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev, Chechen politician, 2nd President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (b. 1952)
• 2005 – Nelson Briles, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1943)
• 2005 – Lúcia Santos, Portuguese nun (b. 1907)
• 2006 – P. F. Strawson, English philosopher and author (b. 1919)
• 2007 – Elizabeth Jolley, English-Australian author and academic (b. 1923)
• 2007 – Charlie Norwood, American captain and politician (b. 1941)
• 2007 – Richard Gordon Wakeford, English air marshal (b. 1922)
• 2008 – Kon Ichikawa, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1915)
• 2009 – Edward Upward, English author and educator (b. 1903)
• 2010 – Lucille Clifton, American poet and academic (b. 1936)
• 2010 – Dale Hawkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1936)
• 2012 – Russell Arms, American actor and singer (b. 1920)
• 2012 – Louise Cochrane, American-English screenwriter and producer (b. 1918)
• 2012 – Daniel C. Gerould, American playwright and academic (b. 1928)
• 2013 – Gerry Day, American journalist and screenwriter (b. 1922)
• 2013 – Miles J. Jones, American pathologist and physician (b. 1952)
• 2013 – Pieter Kooijmans, Dutch judge and politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs for The Netherlands (b. 1933)
• 2013 – Yuko Tojo, Japanese activist and politician (b. 1939)
• 2014 – Balu Mahendra, Sri Lankan-Indian director, cinematographer, and screenwriter (b. 1939)
• 2014 – Richard Møller Nielsen, Danish footballer and manager (b. 1937)
• 2014 – Ralph Waite, American actor and activist (b. 1928)
• 2015 – Faith Bandler, Australian activist and author (b. 1918)
• 2015 – Stan Chambers, American journalist and actor (b. 1923)
• 2016 – O. N. V. Kurup, Indian poet and academic (b. 1931)
• 2016 – Antonin Scalia, American lawyer and judge, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (b. 1936)
• 2017 – Ricardo Arias Calderón, Panamanian politician, Vice President (1990–1992) (b. 1933)
• 2017 – Aileen Hernandez, American union organizer and activist (b. 1926)
• 2017 – Seijun Suzuki, Japanese filmmaker (b. 1923)
• 2017 – Kim Jong-nam, North Korean politician (b. 1971)

Το ψηλότερο ξενοδοχείο του κόσμου μόλις άνοιξε τις πύλες του  στο Ντουμπάι 

Το δικό του ρεκόρ έσπασε το Ντουμπάι τη Κυριακή,

 ανακοινώνοντας την έναρξη τα εγκαίνια του νέου 

μεγαλύτερου ξενοδοχείου στον κόσμο.

Το λαμπερό, χρυσό Gevora Hotel με τους 75 ορόφους, διακρίνεται πάνω από τον

 ορίζοντα στο Ντουμπάι και φτάνει σε ύψος τα 356 μέτρα.

Ο νέος κάτοχος του ρεκόρ ξεπέρασε κατά μόλις ένα μέτρο τον προηγούμενο

 κάτοχο, το ξενοδοχείο JW Mariott Marquis του Ντουμπάι.

Οι πρώτοι επισκέπτες του Gevora αναμένονται τη Δευτέρα, σύμφωνα με την

 εφημερίδα The National. Όπως αναφέρει, το ξενοδοχείο θα έχει 528 δωμάτια και

 βρίσκεται δίπλα στο Rose Rayhaan by Rotana, με ύψος 333 μέτρα, που ήταν στο 

παρελθόν κάτοχος του ίδιου τίτλου.

Το ξενοδοχείο θα διαθέτει τέσσερα εστιατόρια, μια ανοιχτή πισίνα, ένα πολυτελές

 spa, κέντρο ευεξίας και τζακούζι.

Το JW Marriott Marquis, το οποίο άνοιξε το 2013, μπορεί να υπερηφανεύεται για

 τα 9 εστιατόριά του, τα πέντε μπαρ, τις δύο αίθουσες χορού καθώς και για το

 σπα και το κέντρο ευεξίας.

Σ'αυτήν την πόλη είναι παράνομο να... πεθάνεις για έναν απίστευτο λόγο

Βραβεία Γκράμι

• 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt.
• 842 – Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German languages.
• 1014 – Pope Benedict VIII crowns Henry of Bavaria, King of Germany and of Italy, as Holy Roman Emperor.
• 1076 – Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.
• 1130 – Pope Innocent II is elected.
• 1349 – Several hundred Jews are burned to death by mobs while the remaining Jews are forcibly removed from Strasbourg.
• 1400 – Richard II of England dies, most probably from starvation, in Pontefract Castle, on the orders of Henry Bolingbroke.
• 1530 – Spanish conquistadores, led by Nuño de Guzmán, overthrow and execute Tangaxuan II, the last independent monarch of the Tarascan state in present-day central Mexico.
• 1556 – Thomas Cranmer is declared a heretic.
• 1556 – Coronation of Akbar.
• 1655 – Arauco War: The Mapuche under their elected military leader, Clentaru, rise up against the Spanish in an insurrection in present-day central Chile.
• 1778 – The United States flag is formally recognized by a foreign naval vessel for the first time, when French Admiral Toussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte renders a nine gun salute to USS Ranger, commanded by John Paul Jones.
• 1779 – American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Kettle Creek is fought in Georgia.
• 1779 – James Cook is killed by Native Hawaiians near Kealakekua on the Island of Hawaii.
• 1797 – French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of Cape St. Vincent: John Jervis, (later 1st Earl of St Vincent) and Horatio Nelson (later 1st Viscount Nelson) lead the British Royal Navy to victory over a Spanish fleet in action near Gibraltar.
• 1804 – Karađorđe leads the First Serbian Uprising against the Ottoman Empire.
• 1831 – Ras Marye of Yejju marches into Tigray and defeats and kills Dejazmach Sabagadis in the Battle of Debre Abbay.
• 1835 – The original Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, in the Latter Day Saint movement, is formed in Kirtland, Ohio.
• 1849 – In New York City, James Knox Polk becomes the first serving President of the United States to have his photograph taken.
• 1852 – Great Ormond St Hospital for Sick Children, the first hospital in England to provide in-patient beds specifically for children, is founded in London.
• 1855 – Texas is linked by telegraph to the rest of the United States, with the completion of a connection between New Orleans and Marshall, Texas.
• 1859 – Oregon is admitted as the 33rd U.S. state.
• 1876 – Alexander Graham Bell applies for a patent for the telephone, as does Elisha Gray.
• 1879 – The War of the Pacific breaks out when Chilean armed forces occupy the Bolivian port city of Antofagasta.
• 1899 – Voting machines are approved by the U.S. Congress for use in federal elections.
• 1900 – British forces begin the Battle of the Tugela Heights in an effort to lift the Siege of Ladysmith.
• 1903 – The United States Department of Commerce and Labor is established (later split into the Department of Commerce and the Department of Labor).
• 1912 – Arizona is admitted as the 48th and the last contiguous U.S. state.
• 1912 – The U.S. Navy commissions its first class of diesel-powered submarines.
• 1918 – The Soviet Union adopts the Gregorian calendar (on 1 February according to the Julian calendar).
• 1919 – The Polish–Soviet War begins.
• 1920 – The League of Women Voters is founded in Chicago.
• 1924 – The Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company changes its name to International Business Machines Corporation (IBM).
• 1929 – Saint Valentine's Day Massacre: Seven people, six of them gangster rivals of Al Capone's gang, are murdered in Chicago.
• 1942 – Battle of Pasir Panjang contributes to the fall of Singapore.
• 1943 – World War II: Rostov-on-Don, Russia is liberated.
• 1943 – World War II: Tunisia Campaign: General Hans-Jürgen von Arnim's Fifth Panzer Army launches a concerted attack against Allied positions in Tunisia.
• 1944 – World War II: In the Action of 14 February 1944, a British submarine sinks a German-controlled Italian submarine in the Strait of Malacca.
• 1945 – World War II: On the first day of the bombing of Dresden, the British Royal Air Force and the United States Army Air Forces begin fire-bombing Dresden.
• 1945 – World War II: Navigational error leads to the mistaken bombing of Prague, Czechoslovakia by an American squadron of B-17s assisting in the Soviet's Vistula–Oder Offensive.
• 1945 – World War II: Mostar is liberated by Yugoslav partisans
• 1945 – President Franklin D. Roosevelt meets with King Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia aboard the USS Quincy, officially beginning U.S.-Saudi diplomatic relations.
• 1946 – The Bank of England is nationalized.
• 1949 – The Knesset (Israeli parliament) convenes for the first time.
• 1949 – The Asbestos Strike begins in Canada. The strike marks the beginning of the Quiet Revolution in Quebec.
• 1950 – Chinese Civil War: The National Revolutionary Army instigates the unsuccessful Battle of Tianquan against the People's Liberation Army.
• 1961 – Discovery of the chemical elements: Element 103, Lawrencium, is first synthesized at the University of California.
• 1966 – Australian currency is decimalized.
• 1979 – In Kabul, Setami Milli militants kidnap the American ambassador to Afghanistan, Adolph Dubs who is later killed during a gunfight between his kidnappers and police.
• 1983 – United American Bank of Knoxville, Tennessee collapses. Its president, Jake Butcher, is later convicted of fraud.
• 1989 – Union Carbide agrees to pay $470 million to the Indian government for damages it caused in the 1984 Bhopal disaster.
• 1989 – Iranian leader Ruhollah Khomeini issues a fatwa encouraging Muslims to kill Salman Rushdie, author of The Satanic Verses.
• 1990 – Ninety-two people are killed when Indian Airlines Flight 605 crashes in Bangalore, India.
• 1990 – The Voyager 1 spacecraft takes the photograph of planet Earth that later become famous as Pale Blue Dot.
• 1998 – An oil tanker train collides with a freight train in Yaoundé, Cameroon, spilling fuel oil. One person scavenging the oil created a massive explosion which kills 120.
• 2000 – The spacecraft NEAR Shoemaker enters orbit around asteroid 433 Eros, the first spacecraft to orbit an asteroid.
• 2004 – In a suburb of Moscow, Russia, the roof of the Transvaal water park collapses, killing more than 25 people, and wounding more than 100 others.
• 2005 – Lebanese self-made billionaire and business tycoon Rafic Hariri is assassinated in Beirut, along with 21 other people, when the equivalent of around 1,000 kg of TNT is detonated as his motorcade drove near the St. George Hotel.
• 2005 – Seven people are killed and 151 wounded in a series of bombings by suspected al-Qaeda-linked militants that hit Makati, Davao City, and General Santos City, all in the Philippines.
• 2005 – YouTube is launched by a group of college students, eventually becoming the largest video sharing website in the world and a main source for viral videos.
• 2008 – Northern Illinois University shooting: A gunman opened fire in a lecture hall of the DeKalb County, Illinois university resulting in six fatalities (including gunman) and 21 injuries.
• 2011 – As a part of Arab Spring, the Bahraini uprising begins with a 'Day of Rage'.

Births[edit]

• 1368 – Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1437)
• 1404 – Leon Battista Alberti, Italian painter, poet, and philosopher (d. 1472)
• 1408 – John FitzAlan, 14th Earl of Arundel (d. 1435)
• 1452 – Pandolfo Petrucci, tyrant of Siena (d. 1512)
• 1468 – Johannes Werner, German priest and mathematician (d. 1522)
• 1483 – Babur, Moghul emperor (d. 1530)
• 1490 – Valentin Friedland, German scholar and educationist of the Reformation (d. 1556)
• 1513 – Domenico Ferrabosco, Italian composer (d. 1573)
• 1545 – Lucrezia de' Medici, Duchess of Ferrara (d. 1561)
• 1602 – Francesco Cavalli, Italian composer (d. 1676)
• 1614 – John Wilkins, English bishop, academic and natural philosopher (d. 1672)
• 1625 – Countess Palatine Maria Eufrosyne of Zweibrücken, Swedish princess (d. 1687)
• 1628 – Valentine Greatrakes, Irish faith healer (d. 1683)
• 1640 – Countess Palatine Anna Magdalena of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler (d. 1693)
• 1679 – Georg Friedrich Kauffmann, German organist and composer (d. 1735)
• 1692 – Pierre-Claude Nivelle de La Chaussée, French author and playwright (d. 1754)
• 1701 – Enrique Flórez, Spanish historian and author (d. 1773)
• 1763 – Jean Victor Marie Moreau, French general (d. 1813)
• 1799 – Walenty Wańkowicz, Polish painter and illustrator (d. 1842)
• 1800 – Emory Washburn, American historian, lawyer, and politician, 22nd Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1877)
• 1808 – Michael Costa, Italian-English conductor and composer (d. 1884)
• 1819 – Christopher Latham Sholes, American journalist and politician, invented the typewriter (d. 1890)
• 1824 – Winfield Scott Hancock, American general and politician (d. 1886)
• 1828 – Edmond François Valentin About, French journalist and author (d. 1885)
• 1835 – Piet Paaltjens, Dutch minister and poet (d. 1894)
• 1838 – Margaret E. Knight, American inventor (d. 1914)
• 1846 – Julian Scott, American soldier and drummer, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1901)
• 1847 – Anna Howard Shaw, American physician, minister, and activist (d. 1919)
• 1848 – Benjamin Baillaud, French astronomer and academic (d. 1934)
• 1855 – Frank Harris, Irish author and journalist (d. 1931)
• 1859 – George Washington Gale Ferris Jr., American engineer, inventor of the Ferris wheel (d. 1896)
• 1860 – Eugen Schiffer, German lawyer and politician, Vice-Chancellor of Germany (d. 1954)
• 1869 – Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, Scottish physicist and meteorologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1959)
• 1878 – Julius Nieuwland, Belgian priest, chemist and academic (d. 1936)
• 1882 – John Barrymore, American actor (d. 1942)
• 1884 – Nils Olaf Chrisander, Swedish actor and director (d. 1947)
• 1884 – Kostas Varnalis, Greek poet and playwright (d. 1974)
• 1890 – Nina Hamnett, Welsh-English painter and author (d. 1956)
• 1891 – Katherine Stinson, American aviator (d. 1977)
• 1892 – Radola Gajda, Czech commander and politician (d. 1948)
• 1894 – Jack Benny, American actor and producer (d. 1974)
• 1895 – Wilhelm Burgdorf, German general (d. 1945)
• 1895 – Max Horkheimer, German philosopher and sociologist (d. 1973)
• 1898 – Bill Tilman, English mountaineer and explorer (d. 1977)
• 1898 – Fritz Zwicky, Swiss-American physicist and astronomer (d. 1974)
• 1900 – Jessica Dragonette, American singer (d. 1980)
• 1903 – Stuart Erwin, American actor (d. 1967)
• 1905 – Thelma Ritter, American actress and singer (d. 1969)
• 1907 – Johnny Longden, English-American jockey and trainer (d. 2003)
• 1911 – Willem Johan Kolff, Dutch physician and inventor (d. 2009)
• 1912 – Tibor Sekelj, Hungarian lawyer, explorer, and author (d. 1988)
• 1913 – Mel Allen, American sportscaster (d. 1996)
• 1913 – Woody Hayes, American football player and coach (d. 1987)
• 1913 – Jimmy Hoffa, American trade union leader (d. 1975)
• 1913 – James Pike, American bishop (d. 1969)
• 1916 – Marcel Bigeard, French general (d. 2010)
• 1916 – Sally Gray, English actress and singer (d. 2006)
• 1916 – Masaki Kobayashi, Japanese director and producer (d. 1996)
• 1916 – Edward Platt, American actor (d. 1974)
• 1917 – Herbert A. Hauptman, American mathematician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)
• 1921 – Hugh Downs, American journalist, game show host, and producer
• 1921 – Hazel McCallion, Canadian businesswoman and politician, 3rd Mayor of Mississauga
• 1923 – Jay Hebert, American golfer (d. 1997)
• 1924 – Patricia Knatchbull, 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma (d. 2017)
• 1927 – Lois Maxwell, Canadian-Australian model and actress (d. 2007)
• 1928 – William Allain, American soldier and politician, 58th Governor of Mississippi (d. 2013)
• 1928 – Vicente T. Blaz, American general and politician (d. 2014)
• 1929 – Vic Morrow, American actor and director (d. 1982)
• 1931 – Bernie Geoffrion, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (d. 2006)
• 1931 – Brian Kelly, American actor and director (d. 2005)
• 1932 – Harriet Andersson, Swedish actress
• 1934 – Florence Henderson, American actress and singer (d. 2016)
• 1935 – David Wilson, Baron Wilson of Tillyorn, Scottish academic and diplomat, 27th Governor of Hong Kong
• 1936 – Anna German, Polish singer (d. 1982)
• 1937 – John MacGregor, Baron MacGregor of Pulham Market, English politician, Secretary of State for Transport
• 1937 – Magic Sam, American singer and guitarist (d. 1969)
• 1939 – Razzy Bailey, American country music singer-songwriter and musician
• 1939 – Blowfly, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2016)
• 1939 – Eugene Fama, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1940 – James Maynard, American businessman, co-founded Golden Corral
• 1941 – Donna Shalala, American academic and politician, 18th United States Secretary of Health and Human Services
• 1941 – Paul Tsongas, American lawyer and politician (d. 1997)
• 1942 – Michael Bloomberg, American businessman and politician, 108th Mayor of New York City
• 1942 – Andrew Robinson, American actor and director
• 1942 – Ricardo Rodríguez, Mexican race car driver (d. 1962)
• 1943 – Eric Andersen, American singer-songwriter
• 1943 – Maceo Parker, American saxophonist
• 1943 – Aaron Russo, American director and producer (d. 2007)
• 1944 – Carl Bernstein, American journalist and author
• 1944 – Alan Parker, English director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1944 – Ronnie Peterson, Swedish race car driver (d. 1978)
• 1945 – Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein
• 1945 – Rod Masterson, American lieutenant and actor (d. 2013)
• 1946 – Bernard Dowiyogo, Nauru politician, President of Nauru (d. 2003)
• 1946 – Gregory Hines, American actor, singer, and dancer (d. 2003)
• 1947 – Tim Buckley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1975)
• 1947 – Judd Gregg, American lawyer and politician, 76th Governor of New Hampshire
• 1948 – Kitten Natividad, Mexican-American actress and dancer
• 1948 – Pat O'Brien, American journalist and author
• 1948 – Wally Tax, Dutch singer-songwriter (d. 2005)
• 1948 – Teller, American magician and actor
• 1950 – Roger Fisher, American guitarist and songwriter
• 1951 – Terry Gross, American radio host and producer
• 1951 – Kevin Keegan, English footballer and manager
• 1952 – Sushma Swaraj, Indian lawyer and politician, Indian Minister of External Affairs
• 1954 – Jam Mohammad Yousaf, Pakistani politician, Chief Minister of Balochistan (d. 2013)
• 1955 – Carol Kalish, American publisher (d. 1991)
• 1956 – Howard Davis, Jr., American boxer and trainer (d. 2015)
• 1956 – Dave Dravecky, American baseball player
• 1956 – Katharina Fritsch, German sculptor and academic
• 1957 – Alan Hunter, American television host and actor
• 1957 – Soile Isokoski, Finnish soprano and actress
• 1957 – Alan Smith, English bishop
• 1958 – Grant Thomas, Australian footballer and coach
• 1959 – Renée Fleming, American soprano and actress
• 1960 – Philip Jones, English admiral
• 1960 – Jim Kelly, American football player and businessman
• 1960 – Meg Tilly, American actress and author
• 1963 – Enrico Colantoni, Canadian actor, director, and producer
• 1963 – John Marzano, American baseball player (d. 2008)
• 1964 – Gianni Bugno, Italian cyclist and sportscaster
• 1964 – Valente Rodriguez, American actor and producer
• 1966 – Petr Svoboda, Czech ice hockey player and agent
• 1967 – Stelios Haji-Ioannou, Greek-English businessman, founded easyJet
• 1967 – Manuela Maleeva, Bulgarian-Swiss tennis player
• 1967 – Mark Rutte, Dutch businessman and politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands
• 1968 – Jules Asner, American model and television host
• 1968 – Chris Lewis, Guyanese-English cricketer
• 1968 – Scott McClellan, American civil servant and author, 25th White House Press Secretary
• 1969 – Meg Hillier, English journalist and politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change
• 1970 – Giuseppe Guerini, Italian cyclist
• 1970 – Sean Hill, American ice hockey player
• 1970 – Simon Pegg, English actor, director, and producer
• 1971 – Kris Aquino, Filipino talk show host, actress, and producer
• 1971 – Gheorghe Mureșan, Romanian basketball player
• 1972 – Drew Bledsoe, American football player and coach
• 1972 – Musōyama Masashi, Japanese sumo wrestler
• 1972 – Jaan Tallinn, Estonian computer programmer, co-developed Skype
• 1972 – Rob Thomas, American singer-songwriter
• 1973 – H. D. Ackerman, South African cricketer
• 1973 – Tyus Edney, American basketball player and coach
• 1973 – Steve McNair, American football player (d. 2009)
• 1973 – Annalisa Buffa, Italian mathematician
• 1974 – Valentina Vezzali, Italian fencer and politician
• 1976 – Liv Kristine, Norwegian singer-songwriter
• 1976 – Rie Rasmussen, Danish model, film director, writer, photographer, and actress
• 1977 – Cadel Evans, Australian cyclist
• 1977 – Jim Jefferies, Australian comedian and actor
• 1977 – Darren Purse, English footballer
• 1977 – Elmer Symons, South African motorcycle racer (d. 2007)
• 1977 – Anna Erschler, Russian mathematician
• 1977 – Robert J. Jackson Jr., American Corporate & Securities Law Professor
• 1978 – Richard Hamilton, American basketball player
• 1978 – Darius Songaila, Lithuanian basketball player and coach
• 1980 – Josh Senter, American screenwriter and producer
• 1980 – Michelle Ye, Hong Kong actress and producer
• 1981 – Matteo Brighi, Italian footballer
• 1981 – Randy de Puniet, French motorcycle racer
• 1981 – Brad Halsey, American baseball player (d. 2014)
• 1982 – Marián Gáborík, Slovak ice hockey player
• 1982 – John Halls, English footballer and model
• 1982 – Lenka Tvarošková, Slovak tennis player
• 1983 – Callix Crabbe, Virgin Islander baseball player
• 1983 – Rocky Elsom, Australian rugby player
• 1983 – Bacary Sagna, French footballer
• 1985 – Karima Adebibe, English model and actress
• 1985 – Tyler Clippard, American baseball player
• 1985 – Heart Evangelista, Filipino singer and actress
• 1985 – Philippe Senderos, Swiss footballer
• 1985 – Miki Yeung, Hong Kong singer and actress
• 1986 – Michael Ammermüller, German race car driver
• 1986 – Oliver Lee, English actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1986 – Gao Lin, Chinese footballer
• 1987 – Edinson Cavani, Uruguayan footballer
• 1987 – Tom Pyatt, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1987 – David Wheater, English footballer
• 1988 – Katie Boland, Canadian actress, producer, and screenwriter
• 1988 – Ángel Di María, Argentinian footballer
• 1988 – Siim Liivik, Estonian ice hockey player
• 1988 – Asia Nitollano, American singer and dancer
• 1988 – Elias Samson, American professional wrestler
• 1989 – Néstor Calderón, Mexican footballer
• 1989 – Adam Matuszczyk, Polish footballer
• 1989 – Emma Miskew, Canadian curler
• 1989 – Brandon Sutter, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1989 – Jurij Tepeš, Slovenian ski jumper
• 1989 – Kristian Thomas, English gymnast
• 1990 – Sefa Yılmaz, German-Turkish footballer
• 1991 – Daniela Mona Lambin, Estonian footballer
• 1991 – Chris Rowney, English footballer
• 1991 – Rilwan Waheed, Maldivian footballer
• 1992 – Christian Eriksen, Danish footballer
• 1992 – Freddie Highmore, English actor
• 1993 – Shane Harper, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor

Deaths[edit]

• 869 – Saint Cyril, Greek bishop, linguist, and scholar (b. 827)
• 945 – Lian Chongyu, Chinese general
• 945 – Zhu Wenjin, emperor of Min (Ten Kingdoms)
• 1043 – Gisela of Swabia, Holy Roman Empress (b. 990)
• 1140 – Leo I, Prince of Armenia
• 1140 – Soběslav I, Duke of Bohemia
• 1164 – Prince Sviatoslav Olgovich of Novgorod-Seversky
• 1229 – Rǫgnvaldr Guðrøðarson, King of the Isles
• 1317 – Margaret of France, Queen of England (b. 1282)
• 1400 – Richard II of England (b. 1367)
• 1405 – Timur, Turco-Mongol monarch and conqueror (b.1336)
• 1440 – Dietrich, Count of Oldenburg, German noble (b.c. 1398)
• 1489 – Nicolaus von Tüngen, bishop of Warmia
• 1528 – Edzard I, Count of East Frisia, German noble (b. 1462)
• 1549 – Il Sodoma, Italian painter (b. 1477)
• 1571 – Odet de Coligny, French cardinal (b. 1517)
• 1676 – Abraham Bosse, French engraver and illustrator (b. 1602)
• 1714 – Maria Luisa of Savoy (b. 1688)
• 1737 – Charles Talbot, 1st Baron Talbot, English lawyer and politician Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1685)
• 1744 – John Hadley, English mathematician, invented the octant (b. 1682)
• 1779 – James Cook, English captain, cartographer, and explorer (b. 1728)
• 1780 – William Blackstone, English jurist and politician (b. 1723)
• 1782 – Singu Min, Burmese king (b. 1756)
• 1808 – John Dickinson, American lawyer and politician 5th Governor of Delaware (b. 1732)
• 1831 – Vicente Guerrero, Mexican general and politician, 2nd President of Mexico (b. 1782)
• 1831 – Henry Maudslay, English engineer (b. 1771)
• 1870 – St. John Richardson Liddell, American general (b. 1815)
• 1881 – Fernando Wood, American merchant and politician, 73rd Mayor of New York City (b. 1812)
• 1885 – Jules Vallès, French journalist and author (b. 1832)
• 1891 – William Tecumseh Sherman, American general (b. 1820)
• 1894 – Eugène Charles Catalan, Belgian-French mathematician and academic (b. 1814)
• 1901 – Edward Stafford, Scottish-New Zealand educator and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1819)
• 1910 – Giovanni Passannante, Italian anarchist (b. 1849)
• 1922 – Heikki Ritavuori, Finnish lawyer and politician (b. 1880)
• 1929 – Thomas Burke, American sprinter, coach, and lawyer (b. 1875)
• 1930 – Thomas Mackenzie, Scottish-New Zealand cartographer and politician, 18th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1853)
• 1933 – Carl Correns, German botanist and geneticist (b. 1864)
• 1942 – Adnan Saidi, Malayan lieutenant (b. 1915)
• 1943 – Dora Gerson, German actress and singer (b. 1899)
• 1943 – David Hilbert, Russian-German mathematician, physicist, and philosopher (b. 1862)
• 1948 – Mordecai Brown, American baseball player and manager (b. 1876)
• 1949 – Yusuf Salman Yusuf, Iraqi politician (b. 1901)
• 1950 – Karl Guthe Jansky, American physicist and engineer (b. 1905)
• 1952 – Maurice De Waele, Belgian cyclist (b. 1896)
• 1958 – Abdur Rab Nishtar, Pakistani politician, 2nd Governor of Punjab (b. 1899)
• 1959 – Baby Dodds, American drummer (b. 1898)
• 1967 – Sig Ruman, German-American actor (b. 1884)
• 1969 – Vito Genovese, Italian-American mob boss (b. 1897)
• 1970 – Herbert Strudwick, English cricketer and coach (b. 1880)
• 1974 – Stewie Dempster, New Zealand cricketer and coach (b. 1903)
• 1975 – Julian Huxley, English biologist and eugenicist, co-founded the World Wide Fund for Nature (b. 1887)
• 1975 – P. G. Wodehouse, English novelist and playwright (b. 1881)
• 1979 – Adolph Dubs, American lieutenant and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Afghanistan (b. 1920)
• 1983 – Lina Radke, German runner and coach (b. 1903)
• 1986 – Edmund Rubbra, English composer and conductor (b. 1901)
• 1987 – Dmitry Kabalevsky, Russian pianist and composer (b. 1904)
• 1988 – Frederick Loewe, German-American composer (b. 1901)
• 1989 – James Bond, American ornithologist and zoologist (b. 1900)
• 1989 – Vincent Crane, English pianist (b. 1943)
• 1994 – Christopher Lasch, American historian and critic (b. 1932)
• 1995 – Michael V. Gazzo, American actor and playwright (b. 1923)
• 1995 – U Nu, Burmese politician, 1st Prime Minister of Burma (b. 1907)
• 1996 – Bob Paisley, English footballer and manager (b. 1919)
• 1999 – John Ehrlichman, American lawyer and politician, 12th White House Counsel (b. 1925)
• 1999 – Buddy Knox, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1933)
• 2002 – Nándor Hidegkuti, Hungarian footballer and manager (b. 1922)
• 2002 – Mick Tucker, English drummer (b. 1947)
• 2003 – Johnny Longden, English jockey and trainer (b. 1907)
• 2004 – Marco Pantani, Italian cyclist (b. 1970)
• 2005 – Rafic Hariri, Lebanese businessman and politician, 60th Prime Minister of Lebanon (b. 1944)
• 2006 – Lynden David Hall, English singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1974)
• 2007 – Ryan Larkin, Canadian animator and director (b. 1943)
• 2007 – Gareth Morris, English flute player and educator (b. 1920)
• 2009 – Bernard Ashley, English engineer and businessman, co-founded Laura Ashley plc (b. 1926)
• 2009 – Louie Bellson, American drummer and composer (b. 1924)
• 2010 – Doug Fieger, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1952)
• 2010 – Dick Francis, Welsh jockey and author (b. 1920)
• 2010 – Linnart Mäll, Estonian historian, orientalist, and translator (b. 1938)
• 2011 – George Shearing, English-American pianist and composer (b. 1919)
• 2012 – Mike Bernardo, South African boxer and martial artist (b. 1969)
• 2012 – Tonmi Lillman, Finnish drummer and producer (b. 1973)
• 2012 – Dory Previn, American singer-songwriter (b. 1925)
• 2012 – Péter Rusorán, Hungarian swimmer, water polo player, and coach (b. 1940)
• 2013 – Glenn Boyer, American historian and author (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Ronald Dworkin, American philosopher and scholar (b. 1931)
• 2013 – T.L. Osborn, American evangelist and author (b. 1923)
• 2014 – Tom Finney, English footballer (b. 1922)
• 2014 – Jim Fregosi, American baseball player and manager (b. 1942)
• 2014 – Chris Pearson, Canadian lawyer and politician, 1st Premier of Yukon (b. 1931)
• 2014 – Mike Stepovich, American lawyer and politician, Governor of Alaska Territory (b. 1919)
• 2015 – Louis Jourdan, French-American actor and singer (b. 1921)
• 2015 – Philip Levine, American poet and academic (b. 1928)
• 2015 – Franjo Mihalić, Croatian-Serbian runner and coach (b. 1920)
• 2016 – Eric Lubbock, 4th Baron Avebury, English lieutenant, engineer, and politician (b. 1928)
• 2016 – Steven Stucky, American composer and academic (b. 1949)

Metallica to get 'Nobel Prize of music'

Image copyrightVIRGIN / EMI

Heavy metal pioneers Metallica are being honoured with Sweden's Polar Prize, one of the most prestigious awards in music.

The band, best known for 1991's Black Album, redefined the sound of metal with a tougher, faster and more abrasive take on rock.

Polar Prize organisers said the US band could transform "a teenage bedroom into a Valhalla".

Metallica will receive their £90,000 prize in Stockholm this June.

They're the first metal band to win the award, which has previously gone to the likes of Paul McCartney, Joni Mitchell, Chuck Berry and BB King.

The judges' citation for the band is worth reading in its entirety:

"The 2018 Polar Music Prize is awarded to the American band Metallica. Not since Wagner's emotional turmoil and Tchaikovsky's cannons has anyone created music that is so physical and furious, and yet still so accessible. Through virtuoso ensemble playing and its use of extremely accelerated tempos, Metallica has taken rock music to places it had never been before. In Metallica's world, both a teenage bedroom and a concert hall can be transformed into a Valhalla. The strength of the band's uncompromising albums has helped millions of listeners to transform their sense of alienation into a superpower."

"It puts us in very distinguished company," said drummer Lars Ulrich of the award. 

"It's a great validation of everything that Metallica has done over the last 35 years. At the same time, we feel like we're in our prime with a lot of good years ahead of us."

Vocalist and guitarist James Hetfield added: "As myself and as Metallica I'm grateful to have this as part of our legacy, our history."

Formed in California, Metallica are one of the world's biggest bands, selling more than 125 million albums over the last 30 years.

Their first four albums - Kill 'Em All, Ride the Lightning, Master of Puppets and And Justice for All - are all considered classics, but it was the Black Album that pushed them into the mainstream, producing the hit singles and set list staples Enter Sandman and Nothing Else Matters.

While their reputation for sweaty, muscular rock music is well-earned, they've stretched their wings over the years, recording a live album with the San Francisco Symphony and a critically-mauled collaboration with Lou Reed. 

Along the way, they've faced several devastating challenges, not least the death of bassist Cliff Burton in a tour bus crash in 1986.

In 2004, the band released a documentary, Some Kind of Monster, that exposed deep tensions in the band - notably between Ulrich and Hetfield - which were resolved by bringing in a performance coach to help them work on their communication skills. 

Ten years later, they gave a triumphant (if uncompromising) performance as Glastonbury's first heavy metal headliners.

They'll receive their 1 million kronor prize in the presence of the Swedish Royal family on 14 June.

At the same time, the Afghanistan National Institute Of Music and its founder Dr Ahmad Sarmast will receive the Polar Prize for classical music.

ANIM focuses on supporting orphans, street-working children and young girls - training them as singers and musicians, which were vocations banned under the Taliban.

The Polar Music Prize was founded in 1989 by the late Stig Anderson, manager of Swedish pop legends Abba. 

It is named after his record label and recording studio complex, Polar Music, where Abba made most of their albums.