«Οι δρόμοι του κουδουνιού»  στη Θεσσαλονίκη

«Οι δρόμοι του Κουδουνιού» έρχονται για να ξεσηκώσουν

 την πόλη της Θεσσαλονίκης. 

Το 3o Ευρωπαϊκό Φεστιβάλ ξεκινά σήμερα και θα διαρκέσει έως και τις 21/02,

 οπότε και θα κορυφωθεί με μία εντυπωσιακή πομπή στο κέντρο της Θεσσαλονίκης. 

Καλλιτεχνικές εικαστικές δράσεις που εμπνέονται από το έθιμο της κωδωνοφορίας, 

μασκαράδες, εκθέσεις φωτογραφίας, workshops, θέατρο σκιών, συναυλίες

 περιλαμβάνονται στο Φεστιβάλ το οποίο,κάθε χρόνο, συγκεντρώνει

 περισσότερες συμμετοχές σχημάτων αλλά και θεατών. 

Το σημερινό πρόγραμμα: Κυριακή 14 Φεβρουαρίου
-Happening«Ζωγράφοι παρεμβαίνουν εικαστικά στο logo»: 11.00-14.00 Πλατεία

 Αριστοτέλους
-Happening/ Παρέλαση με κρουστά από την Μπάντα δρόμου του

 Κρουστόφωνου: 12.00 Πλατεία Αριστοτέλους
21/2 η μεγάλη παρέλαση 

Το φεστιβάλ κορυφώνεται στις 21 Φεβρουαρίου, με τις ομάδες να ξεκινούν από

 το Λευκό Πύργο και μέσω της Παραλιακής Οδού να καταλήγουν στην Πλατεία 

Αριστοτέλους, όπου παρουσιάζουν το έθιμο τους, με χορούς και μουσικές μέσα

 σε 15 περίπου λεπτά. 

Εκείνη την ημέρα, όλη η πόλη δονείται κυριολεκτικά από τον επιβλητικό ρυθμό 

των κουδουνιών ενώ Θεσσαλονικείς και επισκέπτες παρασύρονται και

 συγκινούνται από το φαντασμαγορικό θέαμα των κωδωνοφόρων, την

 διαφορετικότητα των μεταμφιέσεων τους, την ένταση του ήχου χιλιάδων

 κουδουνιών που χτυπούν ταυτόχρονα, αλλά κυρίως από το πάθος, την ένταση και

 την ορμή των εκατοντάδων κωδωνοφόρων που κατακλύζουν τη Θεσσαλονίκη.

 

Ο Άγιος Βαλεντίνος

Καλό πρωί! Είναι σύσκοτο. Τον Άγιο Βαλεντίνο
γιορτάζω κι ήρθα κόρη εδώ
στο παραθύρι σου να ιδώ
ταίρι με σε αν θα γίνω.
Σηκώθη ο νιος και ντύνεται κι ευτύς την πόρτα ανοίγει
και μπαίνει μέσα η κορασιά,
που κορασιά δε θά 'ναι πλιά,
όταν απόκει φύγει.

Η ελληνική εκδοχή της Γιορτής των Ερωτευμένων

Ο Άγιος Υάκινθος

[edit]

• 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia.
• 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Tiberios III publicly executed in the Hippodrome of Constantinople.
• 1113 – Pope Paschal II issues a bill sanctioning the establishment of the Order of Hospitallers.
• 1214 – John, King of England, lands an invasion force at La Rochelle in France.
• 1493 – While on board the Niña, Christopher Columbus writes an open letter (widely distributed upon his return to Portugal) describing his discoveries and the unexpected items he came across in the New World.
• 1637 – Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor.
• 1690 – Constantin Cantemir, Prince of Moldavia, and the Holy Roman Empire sign a secret treaty in Sibiu, stipulating that Moldavia would support the actions led by the House of Habsburg against the Ottoman Empire.
• 1764 – The city of St. Louis is established in Spanish Louisiana (now in Missouri, USA).
• 1798 – The Roman Republic is proclaimed after Louis-Alexandre Berthier, a general of Napoleon, had invaded the city of Rome five days earlier.
• 1804 – The Serbian Revolution begins.
• 1835 – The first constitutional law in modern Serbia is adopted.
• 1862 – American Civil War: General Ulysses S. Grant attacks Fort Donelson, Tennessee.
• 1870 – Stevens Institute of Technology is founded in New Jersey, USA and offers the first Bachelor of Engineering degree in Mechanical Engineering.
• 1879 – Women's rights: US President Rutherford B. Hayes signs a bill allowing female attorneys to argue cases before the Supreme Court of the United States.
• 1891 – Allmänna Idrottsklubben (AIK) (Swedish Sports Club) is founded.
• 1898 – The battleship USS Maine explodes and sinks in Havana harbor in Cuba, killing 274. This event leads the United States to declare war on Spain.
• 1901 – The association football club Alianza Lima is founded in Lima, Peru, under the name Sport Alianza.
• 1909 – The Flores Theater fire in Acapulco, Mexico kills 250.
• 1921 – Kingdom of Romania establishes its legation in Helsinki.
• 1923 – Greece becomes the last European country to adopt the Gregorian calendar.
• 1925 – The 1925 serum run to Nome: The second delivery of serum arrives in Nome, Alaska.
• 1933 – In Miami, Giuseppe Zangara attempts to assassinate US President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt, but instead shoots Chicago mayor Anton J. Cermak, who dies of his wounds on March 6, 1933.
• 1942 – World War II: Fall of Singapore. Following an assault by Japanese forces, the British General Arthur Percival surrenders. About 80,000 Indian, United Kingdom and Australian soldiers become prisoners of war, the largest surrender of British-led military personnel in history.
• 1944 – World War II: The assault on Monte Cassino, Italy begins.
• 1944 – World War II: The Narva Offensive begins.
• 1945 – World War II: Third day of bombing in Dresden.
• 1946 – ENIAC, the first electronic general-purpose computer, is formally dedicated at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.
• 1949 – Gerald Lankester Harding and Roland de Vaux begin excavations at Cave 1 of the Qumran Caves, where they will eventually discover the first seven Dead Sea Scrolls.
• 1952 – King George VI of the United Kingdom is buried in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle.
• 1953 – Parliamentary elections held in Liechtenstein.
• 1954 – Canada and the United States agree to construct the Distant Early Warning Line, a system of radar stations in the far northern Arctic regions of Canada and Alaska.
• 1961 – Sabena Flight 548 crashes in Belgium, killing 73, including the entire United States figure skating team along with several of their coaches and family members.
• 1965 – A new red-and-white maple leaf design is adopted as the flag of Canada, replacing the old Canadian Red Ensign banner.
• 1971 – The decimalisation of British coinage is completed on Decimal Day.
• 1972 – Sound recordings are granted U.S. federal copyright protection for the first time.
• 1972 – José María Velasco Ibarra, serving as President of Ecuador for the fifth time, is overthrown by the military for the fourth time.
• 1976 – The 1976 Constitution of Cuba is adopted by national referendum.
• 1979 – Don Dunstan resigns as Premier of South Australia, ending a decade of sweeping social liberalisation.
• 1982 – The drilling rig Ocean Ranger sinks during a storm off the coast of Newfoundland, killing 84 workers.
• 1989 – Soviet war in Afghanistan: The Soviet Union officially announces that all of its troops have left Afghanistan.
• 1991 – The Visegrád Agreement, establishing cooperation to move toward free-market systems, is signed by the leaders of Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland.
• 1992 – Serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer was sentenced in Milwaukee to life in prison.
• 1996 – At the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in China, a Long March 3 rocket, carrying an Intelsat 708, crashes into a rural village after liftoff, killing many people.
• 1999 – Abdullah Öcalan, leader of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), is arrested in Kenya.
• 2000 – Indian Point II nuclear power plant in New York vents a small amount of radioactive steam when a steam generator fails.
• 2001 – The first draft of the complete human genome is published in Nature.
• 2003 – Protests against the Iraq war take place in over 600 cities worldwide. It is estimated that between eight million to 30 million people participate, making this the largest peace demonstration in history.
• 2013 – A meteor explodes over Russia, injuring 1,500 people as a shock wave blows out windows and rocks buildings. This happens unexpectedly only hours before the expected closest ever approach of the larger and unrelated asteroid 2012 DA14.
• 2014 – Renaud Lavillenie of France breaks Sergey Bubka's world record in pole vault with a mark of 6.16 m.

Births[edit]

• 1377 – Ladislaus of Naples (d. 1414)
• 1458 – Ivan the Young, son of Ivan III of Russia (d. 1490)
• 1471 – Piero the Unfortunate, Italian ruler (d. 1503)
• 1564 – Galileo Galilei, Italian astronomer and physicist (d. 1642)
• 1571 – Michael Praetorius, German organist and composer (d. 1621)
• 1612 – Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve, French soldier, founded Montreal (d. 1676)
• 1620 – François Charpentier, French archaeologist and academic (d. 1702)
• 1705 – Charles-André van Loo, French painter (d. 1765)
• 1710 – Louis XV of France (d. 1774)
• 1725 – Abraham Clark, American surveyor, lawyer, and politician (d. 1794)
• 1734 – William Stacy, American colonel (d. 1802)
• 1739 – Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart, French architect, designed the Paris Bourse (d. 1813)
• 1748 – Jeremy Bentham, English jurist and philosopher (d. 1832)
• 1759 – Friedrich August Wolf, German philologist and critic (d. 1824)
• 1760 – Jean-François Le Sueur, French composer and educator (d. 1837)
• 1761 – Jacob Kimball, Jr., American composer (d. 1826)
• 1792 – Floride Calhoun, American wife of John C. Calhoun, 4th Second Lady of the United States (d. 1866)
• 1797 – Henry E. Steinway, German-American businessman, founded Steinway & Sons (d. 1871)
• 1809 – André Dumont, Belgian geologist and academic (d. 1857)
• 1809 – Cyrus McCormick, American businessman, co-founded International Harvester (d. 1884)
• 1811 – Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, Argentinian journalist and politician, 7th President of Argentina (d. 1888)
• 1812 – Charles Lewis Tiffany, American jeweler, founded Tiffany & Co. (d. 1902)
• 1820 – Susan B. Anthony, American social reformer active in women's suffrage and Anti-Slavery movements (d. 1906)
• 1825 – Carter Harrison, Sr., American politician, 29th Mayor of Chicago (d. 1893)
• 1834 – V. A. Urechia, Moldavian-Romanian historian, author, and playwright (d. 1901)
• 1835 – Nguyễn Khuyến, Vietnamese scholar, poet, and educator (d. 1909)
• 1835 – Demetrius Vikelas, Greek businessman and philanthropist (d. 1908)
• 1840 – Titu Maiorescu, Romanian philosopher, academic, and politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1917)
• 1841 – Manuel Ferraz de Campos Sales, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 4th President of Brazil (d. 1913)
• 1845 – Elihu Root, American lawyer and politician, 38th United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1937)
• 1847 – Robert Fuchs, Austrian composer and educator (d. 1927)
• 1849 – Rickman Godlee, English surgeon and academic (d. 1925)
• 1850 – Ion Andreescu, Romanian painter (d. 1882)
• 1851 – Spiru Haret, Romanian mathematician, astronomer, and politician, 55th Interior Minister of Romania (d. 1912)
• 1856 – Emil Kraepelin, German psychiatrist and academic (d. 1926)
• 1861 – Martin Burns, American wrestler and coach (d. 1937)
• 1861 – Charles Édouard Guillaume, Swiss-French physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1938)
• 1861 – Alfred North Whitehead, English mathematician and philosopher (d. 1947)
• 1873 – Hans von Euler-Chelpin, German-Swiss biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1964)
• 1874 – Ernest Shackleton, Irish explorer (d. 1922)
• 1883 – Sax Rohmer, English-American author (d. 1959)
• 1885 – Frank Thorpe, Australian public servant (d. 1967)
• 1890 – Robert Ley, German politician (d. 1945)
• 1891 – Dino Borgioli, Italian tenor (d. 1960)
• 1892 – James Forrestal, American lieutenant and politician, 1st United States Secretary of Defense (d. 1949)
• 1893 – James Phinney Baxter III, American historian and author (d. 1975)
• 1895 – Earl Thomson, Canadian hurdler and coach (d. 1971)
• 1896 – Arthur Shields, Irish-American actor (d. 1970)
• 1897 – Gerrit Kleerekoper, Dutch gymnast and coach (d. 1943)
• 1898 – Totò, Italian actor, singer, and screenwriter (d. 1967)
• 1899 – Georges Auric, French composer (d. 1983)
• 1899 – Gale Sondergaard, American actress (d. 1985)
• 1904 – Antonin Magne, French cyclist and manager (d. 1983)
• 1905 – Harold Arlen, American composer (d. 1986)
• 1907 – Jean Langlais, French organist and composer (d. 1991)
• 1907 – Cesar Romero, American actor, singer, and dancer (d. 1994)
• 1908 – Sarto Fournier, Canadian lawyer and politician, 38th Mayor of Montreal (d. 1980)
• 1909 – Miep Gies, Austrian-Dutch humanitarian, helped hide Anne Frank and her family (d. 2010)
• 1910 – Irena Sendler, Polish nurse and social worker (d. 2008)
• 1911 – Leonard Woodcock, American union leader and diplomat (d. 2001)
• 1912 – George Mikes, Hungarian-English journalist and author (d. 1987)
• 1913 – Erich Eliskases, Austrian chess player (d. 1997)
• 1914 – Hale Boggs, American lawyer and politician (d. 1972)
• 1914 – Kevin McCarthy, American actor (d. 2010)
• 1916 – Mary Jane Croft, American actress (d. 1999)
• 1916 – Jack Hanlon, American actor (d. 2012)
• 1918 – Allan Arbus, American actor and photographer (d. 2013)
• 1918 – Hank Locklin, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2009)
• 1919 – Ducky Detweiler, American baseball player and manager (d. 2013)
• 1920 – Endicott Peabody, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 62nd Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1997)
• 1920 – Eio Sakata, Japanese Go player (d. 2010)
• 1921 – Radha Krishna Choudhary, Indian historian and author (d. 1985)
• 1922 – John B. Anderson, American lawyer and politician
• 1923 – Yelena Bonner, Russian activist (d. 2011)
• 1924 – Robert Drew, American director and producer (d. 2014)
• 1927 – Frank Dunlop, English actor and director
• 1927 – Harvey Korman, American actor, singer, and director (d. 2008)
• 1927 – Yehoshua Neuwirth, Israeli rabbi and scholar (d. 2013)
• 1928 – Norman Bridwell, American author and illustrator, created Clifford the Big Red Dog (d. 2014)
• 1928 – Eno Raud, Estonian children's literature author (d. 1996)
• 1928 – Joseph Willcox Jenkins, American composer, conductor, and educator (d. 2014)
• 1929 – Graham Hill, English race car driver (d. 1975)
• 1929 – Kauko Armas Nieminen, Finnish physicist and author
• 1929 – James R. Schlesinger, American economist and politician, 12th United States Secretary of Defense (d. 2014)
• 1930 – Bruce Dawe, Australian poet and academic
• 1930 – Nico Minardos, Greek-American actor (d. 2011)
• 1931 – Claire Bloom, English actress
• 1931 – Geoff Edwards, American actor and game show host (d. 2014)
• 1931 – Jonathan Steele, English journalist and author
• 1932 – Troy Kennedy Martin, Scottish screenwriter (d. 2009)
• 1934 – Jimmy Bloomfield, English footballer and manager (d. 1983)
• 1934 – Graham Kennedy, Australian actor (d. 2005)
• 1934 – Niklaus Wirth, Swiss computer scientist, created the Pascal programming language
• 1934 – Abe Woodson, American football player and minister (d. 2014)
• 1935 – Susan Brownmiller, American journalist and author
• 1935 – Roger B. Chaffee, American lieutenant, engineer, and astronaut (d. 1967)
• 1935 – Gene Hickerson, American football player (d. 2008)
• 1937 – Nathan Davis, American saxophonist and clarinet player
• 1937 – Gregory Mcdonald, American author (d. 2008)
• 1939 – Gerd Bohnsack, German footballer and manager
• 1939 – Robert Hansen, American serial killer (d. 2014)
• 1940 – İsmail Cem İpekçi, Turkish journalist and politician, 45th Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 2007)
• 1940 – John Hadl, American football player and coach
• 1940 – Hamzah Haz, Indonesian journalist and politician, 9th Vice President of Indonesia
• 1940 – Vaino Vahing, Estonian psychiatrist, author, and playwright (d. 2008)
• 1941 – Florinda Bolkan, Brazilian actress
• 1941 – Eddie Holland, American songwriter (Holland–Dozier–Holland)
• 1942 – Sherry Jackson, American actress
• 1942 – Masaomi Kondō, Japanese actor
• 1943 – Griselda Blanco, Colombian drug lord (d. 2012)
• 1944 – Mick Avory, English drummer (The Kinks and The Kast Off Kinks)
• 1945 – Jack Dann, American-Australian author and poet
• 1945 – John Helliwell, English saxophonist and keyboard player (Supertramp and The Alan Bown Set)
• 1945 – Douglas Hofstadter, American author and academic
• 1946 – Esko Seppänen, Finnish journalist and politician
• 1946 – Clare Short, English politician, Secretary of State for International Development
• 1947 – John Adams, American composer
• 1947 – Marisa Berenson, American actress and model
• 1947 – Rusty Hamer, American actor (d. 1990)
• 1947 – Ádám Nádasdy, Hungarian linguist and poet
• 1948 – Ron Cey, American baseball player and sportscaster
• 1948 – Tino Insana, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1948 – Art Spiegelman, American cartoonist
• 1949 – Ken Anderson, American football player and coach
• 1949 – Hans Graf, Austrian conductor and academic
• 1949 – Francisco Maturana, Colombian footballer and manager
• 1950 – David Brown, American bass player and songwriter (Santana) (d. 2000)
• 1950 – Tsui Hark, Vietnamese-Hong Kong director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1951 – Melissa Manchester, American singer-songwriter and actress (Harlettes)
• 1951 – Jane Seymour, English-American actress, producer, and jewelry designer
• 1952 – Tomislav Nikolić, Serbian politician, 4th President of Serbia
• 1952 – Nikolai Sorokin, Russian actor and director (d. 2013)
• 1953 – Tony Adams, Irish-American screenwriter and producer (d. 2005)
• 1953 – Gregory Campbell, Northern Irish politician
• 1953 – John Goodsall, American guitarist (Brand X and Atomic Rooster)
• 1954 – Matt Groening, American animator, producer, and screenwriter
• 1954 – Tatekawa Shinosuke, Japanese entertainer
• 1955 – Janice Dickinson, American model, agent, and author
• 1955 – Christopher McDonald, American actor
• 1956 – Desmond Haynes, Barbadian cricketer and coach
• 1956 – Hitoshi Ogawa, Japanese race car driver (d. 1992)
• 1957 – Jake E. Lee, American guitarist (Badlands)
• 1957 – Jimmy Spencer, American race car driver and sportscaster
• 1958 – Chrystine Brouillet, Canadian author
• 1958 – Tony McKegney, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1958 – Matthew Ward, American singer-songwriter (2nd Chapter of Acts)
• 1958 – Adam Boulton, English journalist
• 1959 – Ali Campbell, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (UB40)
• 1959 – Brian Propp, Canadian-American ice hockey player and sportscaster
• 1959 – Martin Rowson, English author and illustrator
• 1959 – Hugo Savinovich, Ecuadorian wrestler and sportscaster
• 1960 – Mikey Craig, English bass player (Culture Club)
• 1960 – Darrell Green, American football player
• 1960 – Roman Kostrzewski, Polish singer-songwriter (Kat and Kat & Roman Kostrzewski)
• 1962 – Milo Đukanović, Montenegrin politician, 29th Prime Minister of Montenegro
• 1963 – Steven Michael Quezada, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1964 – Chris Farley, American comedian and actor (d. 1997)
• 1964 – Leland D. Melvin, American engineer and astronaut
• 1964 – Mark Price, American basketball player and coach
• 1967 – Jane Child, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer
• 1967 – Chiemi Hori, Japanese singer, actress, and entertainer
• 1967 – Syed Kamall, English academic and politician
• 1967 – Craig Simpson, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
• 1968 – Axelle Red, Belgian singer-songwriter
• 1968 – Yōka Wao, Japanese actress
• 1969 – Birdman, American rapper and producer (Big Tymers)
• 1969 – Josh Marshall, American journalist, founded the Talking Points Memo
• 1970 – Mariko Yoshida, Japanese wrestler
• 1971 – Renee O'Connor, American actress, director, and producer
• 1971 – Ray Sefo, New Zealand boxer and mixed martial artist
• 1972 – Anna-Jane Casey, English actress, singer, and dancer
• 1972 – Jaromír Jágr, Czech ice hockey player
• 1973 – Alex Borstein, American actress, writer, and producer
• 1973 – Kateřina Neumannová, Czech skier
• 1973 – Amy Van Dyken, American swimmer and sportscaster
• 1973 – Sarah Wynter, Australian actress
• 1974 – Miranda July, American actress, director, and screenwriter
• 1974 – Tomi Putaansuu, Finnish singer-songwriter (Lordi)
• 1974 – Ugueth Urbina, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1974 – Alexander Wurz, Austrian race car driver
• 1975 – Serge Aubin, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1975 – Annemarie Kramer, Dutch sprinter
• 1975 – Brendon Small, American animator, producer, screenwriter, and actor
• 1976 – Brandon Boyd, American singer-songwriter (Incubus)
• 1976 – Ronnie Vannucci, Jr., American drummer and songwriter (The Killers and Big Talk)
• 1977 – Gran Naniwa, Japanese wrestler (d. 2010)
• 1977 – Brooks Wackerman, American drummer (Bad Religion, Infectious Grooves, Fear and the Nervous System, and Bad4Good)
• 1978 – Yiruma, South Korean pianist and composer
• 1978 – Kimberly Goss, American singer and keyboard player (Sinergy and Ancient)
• 1979 – Chantal Janzen, Dutch actress and singer
• 1979 – Josh Low, English footballer
• 1979 – Hamish Marshall, New Zealand cricketer
• 1979 – James Marshall, New Zealand cricketer
• 1979 – Scott Severin, Scottish footballer
• 1979 – Gordon Shedden, Scottish race car driver
• 1980 – Conor Oberst, American singer-songwriter (Bright Eyes, Desaparecidos, and Commander Venus)
• 1980 – Josh Sole, New Zealand-Italian rugby player
• 1981 – Heurelho Gomes, Brazilian footballer
• 1981 – Rita Jeptoo, Kenyan runner
• 1981 – Diego Martínez, Mexican footballer
• 1982 – Shameka Christon, American basketball player
• 1982 – Alex Nodari, Italian footballer
• 1982 – James Yap, Filipino basketball player
• 1983 – Don Cowie, Scottish footballer
• 1983 – David Degen, Swiss footballer
• 1983 – Philipp Degen, Swiss footballer
• 1983 – Russell Martin, Canadian baseball player
• 1984 – Doda, Polish singer-songwriter (Virgin)
• 1984 – Erik Cadée, Dutch discus thrower
• 1985 – Serkan Kırıntılı, Turkish footballer
• 1986 – Valeri Bojinov, Bulgarian footballer
• 1986 – Johnny Cueto, Dominican baseball player
• 1986 – Ami Koshimizu, Japanese voice actress and singer
• 1986 – Gabriel Paletta, Argentinian footballer
• 1986 – Amber Riley, American actress and singer
• 1988 – Jarryd Hayne, Australian rugby league player and football player
• 1988 – Hironori Kusano, Japanese singer and actor (NEWS)
• 1990 – Dejan Lazarević, Slovenian footballer
• 1990 – Masashi Ebinuma, Japanese judoka
• 1991 – Ángel Sepúlveda, Mexican footballer
• 1991 – Panagiotis Tachtsidis, Greek footballer
• 1998 – Zachary Gordon, American actor

Deaths[edit]

• 670 – Oswiu of Northumbria (b. 612)
• 706 – Leontios, Byzantine emperor
• 706 – Tiberios III, Byzantine emperor
• 1145 – Pope Lucius II
• 1400 – Aubrey de Vere, 10th Earl of Oxford (b. c. 1338)
• 1417 – Richard de Vere, 11th Earl of Oxford, English noblemen and commander (b. 1385)
• 1621 – Michael Praetorius, German organist and composer (b. 1571)
• 1637 – Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1578)
• 1738 – Matthias Braun, Czech sculptor (b. 1684)
• 1781 – Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, German author and philosopher (b. 1729)
• 1818 – Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen (b. 1746)
• 1835 – Henry Hunt, English farmer and politician (b. 1773)
• 1839 – François-Marie-Thomas Chevalier de Lorimier, Canadian rebel (b. 1803)
• 1842 – Archibald Menzies, Scottish surgeon and botanist (b. 1754)
• 1844 – Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1757)
• 1847 – Germinal Pierre Dandelin, Belgian mathematician and engineer (b. 1794)
• 1848 – Hermann von Boyen, Prussian general and politician, Prussian Minister of War (b. 1771)
• 1849 – Pierre François Verhulst, Belgian mathematician and theorist (b. 1804)
• 1857 – Mikhail Glinka, Russian composer (b. 1804)
• 1869 – Ghalib, Indian poet and educator (b. 1796)
• 1885 – Gregor von Helmersen, Estonian-Russian geologist and engineer (b. 1803)
• 1897 – Dimitrie Ghica, Romanian politician, 10th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1816)
• 1905 – Lew Wallace, American general and politician, 11th Governor of New Mexico Territory (b. 1827)
• 1911 – Theodor Escherich, German-Austrian pediatrician and academic (b. 1859)
• 1924 – Lionel Monckton, English composer (b. 1861)
• 1928 – H. H. Asquith, English lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1852)
• 1933 – Pat Sullivan, Australian animator and producer (b. 1887)
• 1935 – Basil Hall Chamberlain, English professor (b. 1850)
• 1939 – Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin, Russian painter and author (b. 1878)
• 1948 – Subhadra Kumari Chauhan Indian poet (b. 1904)
• 1956 – Vincent de Moro-Giafferi, French lawyer and politician (b. 1878)
• 1959 – Owen Willans Richardson, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1879)
• 1961 – Laurence Owen, American figure skater (b. 1944)
• 1965 – Nat King Cole, American singer and pianist (b. 1919)
• 1966 – Gerard Antoni Ciołek, Polish architect and historian (b. 1909)
• 1966 – Camilo Torres Restrepo, Colombian priest and theologian (b. 1929)
• 1967 – Antonio Moreno, Spanish-American actor and director (b. 1887)
• 1970 – Hugh Dowding, 1st Baron Dowding, Scottish air marshal (b. 1882)
• 1973 – Wally Cox, American actor (b. 1924)
• 1973 – Tim Holt, American actor (b. 1919)
• 1974 – Kurt Atterberg, Swedish composer and engineer (b. 1887)
• 1975 – Michał Sopoćko, Polish saint, the Apostle of Divine Mercy (b. 1888)
• 1981 – Karl Richter, German organist and conductor (b. 1926)
• 1984 – Avon Long, American actor and singer (b. 1910)
• 1984 – Ethel Merman, American actress and singer (b. 1908)
• 1988 – Richard Feynman, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)
• 1990 – Michel Drach, French director and producer (b. 1930)
• 1991 – Birger Malmsten, Swedish actor (b. 1920)
• 1992 – María Elena Moyano, Peruvian activist (b. 1960)
• 1992 – William Schuman, American composer and academic (b. 1910)
• 1996 – Lucio Agostini, Italian-Canadian composer and conductor (b. 1913)
• 1996 – Tommy Rettig, American actor and engineer (b. 1941)
• 1996 – McLean Stevenson, American actor (b. 1929)
• 1998 – Martha Gellhorn, American journalist and author (b. 1908)
• 1999 – Henry Way Kendall, American physicist and mountaineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1926)
• 2000 – Angus MacLean, Canadian commander and politician, 25th Premier of Prince Edward Island (b. 1914)
• 2002 – Howard K. Smith, American journalist and actor (b. 1914)
• 2002 – Kevin Smith, New Zealand actor (b. 1963)
• 2003 – Faik Türün, Turkish general (b. 1913)
• 2004 – Jens Evensen, Norwegian lawyer, judge, and politician, Norwegian Minister of Trade (b. 1917)
• 2004 – Jan Miner, American actress (b. 1917)
• 2005 – Pierre Bachelet, French singer-songwriter (b. 1944)
• 2007 – Walker Edmiston, American actor and voice artist (b. 1925)
• 2007 – Ray Evans, American songwriter (b. 1915)
• 2008 – Amnon Netzer, Iranian-Israeli journalist and historian (b. 1934)
• 2009 – Joe Cuba, American singer and drummer (b. 1931)
• 2012 – Charles Anthony, American tenor (b. 1929)
• 2012 – Lina Romay, Spanish actress and director (b. 1954)
• 2013 – Sanan Kachornprasart, Thai general and politician (b. 1935)
• 2013 – Todor Kolev, Bulgarian actor (b. 1939)
• 2014 – Mary Grace Canfield, American actress (b. 1924)
• 2014 – Christopher Malcolm, Scottish-Canadian actor and singer (b. 1946)
• 2015 – Steve Montador, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1979)

Κίνδυνος:Μην βάζετε το κινητό στην τσέπη του παντελονιού 

Οι 5 πιο θαυμαστοί υδροβιότοποι στην Ελλάδα!

Ηφύσηδημιουργεί τα ωραιότερα τοπία. Και μάλλον έχει ευνοήσει αρκετά την  Ελλάδα. Οι παρακάτω υδροβιότοποι είναι μερικοί μόνο από αυτούς που διαθέτουμε. Ίσως οι πιο θαυμαστοί!

Εκεί που το υδάτινο και το χερσαίο συνυπάρχουν και δημιουργούν ένα οικολογικής σημασίας τοπίο που φιλοξενεί πολλούς διαφορετικούς οργανισμούς, συναντάμε τους υδροβιότοπους. Ας γνωρίσουμε 5 από τους σημαντικότερους της χώρας μας.

Σε έναν από τους επόμενους προορισμούς σας, μπορείτε να συνδυάσετε και μια εκδρομή γνωριμίας με τόπους που έχουν μεγάλη οικολογική σημασία, που φιλοξενούν σπάνια είδη πουλιών, ψαριών και άλλων οργανισμών και φυσικά συνθέτουν τοπία που δεν συναντάτε εύκολα, φτάνοντας να έχουν διεθνή σημασία: τους υδροβιότοπους.

Σύμφωνα με τη σύμβαση Ramsar που υπογράφτηκε το 1971 στο  Ιράν και από την  Ελλάδα, υδροβιότοποι ή υγρότοποι είναι φυσικές ή τεχνητές περιοχές αποτελούμενες από έλη με ποώδη βλάστηση, από τυρφώδεις γαίες ή από νερό. Οι περιοχές αυτές είναι μόνιμα ή προσωρινά κατακλυζόμενες από νερό, το οποίο είναι στάσιμο ή τρεχούμενο, γλυκό, υφάλμυρο ή αλμυρό και περιλαμβάνουν επίσης εκείνες τις εκτάσεις που καλύπτονται από θαλασσινό νερό, το βάθος του οποίου δεν υπερβαίνει τα έξι μέτρα κατά την άμπωτη.

Με απλά λόγια, υδροβιότοποι είναι τόποι που συνδυάζουν το υδάτινο με το χερσαίο στοιχείο, «χτίζοντας» ένα περιβάλλον στο οποίο συνυπάρχουν πολλοί, διαφορετικοί οργανισμοί. Αποτελούν σταθμούς των αποδημητικών πουλιών, ευνοούν την ανάπτυξη πλούσιας βλάστησης και ρυθμίζουν το κλίμα της περιοχής, έτσι ώστε να μην κυριαρχεί ο καύσωνας, ούτε το υπερβολικό ψύχος. Γνωρίζοντας αυτά, ας ξεκινήσουμε τη βόλτα μας σε 5 σημαντικούς υδροβιότοπους της  Ελλάδας, οι οποίοι προστατεύονται και από τη σύμβαση Ramsar.

Μικρή Πρέσπα
Δίδυμη λίμνη με τη Μεγάλη Πρέσπα, η οποία εκτείνεται ανάμεσα στην  Ελλάδα, τη FYROM και την  Αλβανία, η Μικρή Πρέσπα, στο βορειοδυτικό άκρο της  Ελλάδας, ανήκει κυρίως στην  Ελλάδα, με το νοτιότερο άκρο της να καταλήγει στην  Αλβανία. Παρουσιάζει πλούσια χλωρίδα και πανίδα, με το δάσος που την περιβάλλει να παρουσιάζει πάνω από 1.300 είδη φυτών και δέντρα μοναδικής σημασίας, όπως το δάσος αρκεύθου, τα βουνοκυπάρισσα κ.ά. Στη Μικρή Πρέσπα συναντώνται 15 είδη ψαριών, 11 είδη αμφιβίων, 40 θηλαστικών και 260 είδη πτηνών, με την παρουσία αργυροπελεκάνου να της δίνει ακόμη περισσότερη αξία, καθώς είναι είδος υπό εξαφάνιση, με περίπου 1.000 ζεύγη να έχουν απομείνει σ'όλο τον κόσμο και 150 εξ αυτών να ζουν στη περιοχή. Αν βρεθείτε στη Μικρή Πρέσπα, διασχίστε την πλωτή γέφυρα, προκειμένου να φτάσετε στο νησάκι του Αγίου Αχιλλείου και να θαυμάσετε τα ερείπια της ομώνυμης βασιλικής εκκλησίας του 10ου αιώνα μ.Χ.

Αμβρακικός κόλπος
Με έκταση που φτάνει περίπου τα 400 τετραγωνικά χιλιόμετρα, δεν είναι απορίας άξιο που ο υδροβιότοπος του Αμβρακικού είναι ο μεγαλύτερος κόλπος της Δυτικής  Ελλάδας και ένας από τους μεγαλύτερους κλειστούς κόλπους της  Ελλάδας. Η είσοδός του είναι στο στενό πέρασμα μεταξύ του Ακτίου και της Πρέβεζας και πήρε το όνομά του από την αρχαία Αμβρακία, πόλη κτισμένη στη θέση της σημερινής Άρτας. Ο Αμβρακικός κόλπος είναι σημαντικός βιότοπος για τα υδρόβια και παρυδάτια πουλιά, τα οποία περνούν το χειμώνα τους στην περιοχή και αναπαράγονται σε αυτή, αλλά και για τα είδη χλωρίδας και πανίδας που συναντάμε σε αυτόν. Στο βόρειο τμήμα του σχηματίζονται οι λιμνοθάλασσες Τσουκαλιό, Ροδιά και Λογαρού, όπου περνά το χειμώνα του το 20-30% των υδρόβιων πουλιών της  Ελλάδας, με τους απειλούμενους αργυροπελεκάνους να κάνουν και πάλι την εμφάνισή τους. Οι βαλτόπαπιες, οι κυνηγόπαπιες, οι νυχτοκόρακες και οι σταχτοτσικνιάδες είναι μερικά μόνο από τα πτηνά που συχνάζουν στα μέρη του, ενώ στην ευρύτερη περιοχή εμφανίζονται και οι θαλασσαετοί το χειμώνα, οι φιδαετοί, οι χρυσαετοί κ.ά.

Δέλτα Έβρου
Άλλος ένας υδροβιότοπος με διεθνή σημασία, που προστατεύεται από τη σύμβαση Ramsar στα 95.000 εκ των 200.000 στρεμμάτων, το Δέλτα του Έβρου σχηματίζεται στις εκβολές του ποταμού Έβρου και συγκαταλέγεται στους σημαντικότερους βιοτόπους της Ευρώπης. Στην έκτασή του έχουν παρατηρηθεί πάνω από 300 είδη φυτών, με δέντρα όπως πλατάνια, ιτιές, λεύκες και σκλήθρα και με τις εντυπωσιακές αρμυρήθρες, οι οποίες το φθινόπωρο παίρνουν ένα βαθυκόκκινο χρώμα. Φιλοξενεί 40 είδη θηλαστικών (αλεπού, ασβό, κουνάβι, νυφίτσα, αγριόγατα, το αγριογούρουνο κ.ά.), 28 είδη αμφίβιων και ερπετών (νεροχελώνες, νερόφιδα, βάτραχοι, σαύρες κ.ά.), 46 είδη ψαριών (σαζάνι, τούρνα και γουλιανός στα γλυκά νερά, χέλι, τσιπούρα, κεφάλι, λαβράκι και γλώσσα στα αλμυρά), ενώ μέχρι σήμερα έχουν καταγραφεί πάνω από 320 είδη πουλιών. Το χειμώνα, μάλιστα, ξεχειμωνιάζουν εκεί δεκάδες χιλιάδες υδρόβια πουλιά, ενώ αποτελεί και τον πιο σημαντικό βιότοπο στην  Ελλάδαγια τα τρία είδη των ευρωπαϊκών κύκνων: βουβόκυκνος, αγριόκυκνος, νανόκυκνος.

Λίμνη Βόλβη
Βρίσκεται στο νομό Θεσσαλονίκης ανατολικά από την πόλη της Θεσσαλονίκης σε απόσταση 35 χιλιομέτρων και αποτελεί τη δεύτερη μεγαλύτερη λίμνη της  Ελλάδας με έκταση 70,8 τετραγωνικών χιλιομέτρων και μέγιστο βάθος 23 μέτρων. Στη λίμνη εντοπίζονται 24 είδη ψαριών, με τη λιπαριά να μη συναντάται σε κανένα άλλο μέρος του κόσμου και τη γκελάρτσα και το λακόψαρο να είναι ιδιαιτέρως σπάνια. Η λίμνη Βόλβη αποτελεί, επίσης, καταφύγιο 245 ειδών πτηνών, όπως βουτηχτάρια, πάπιες, γλάροι, κυνηγόπαπιες, τσικνόπαπιες, ερωδιοί κ.ά., όπως και τουλάχιστον 19 ειδών αμφιβίων κι ερπετών και 34 ειδών θηλαστικών. Στη νότια πλευρά της λίμνης υπάρχει το μοναδικής οικολογικής αξίας παραλίμνιο δάσος της Απολλωνίας, περιοχή ιδιαίτερου φυσικού κάλλους.

Λιμνοθάλασσα Μεσολογγίου
Μια παραθαλάσσια λίμνη που βρίσκεται πριν το  Μεσολόγγι, η Λιμνοθάλασσα του Μεσολογγίου, εκτείνεται από την Άκρα Μπαμπακούλα μέχρι τους πρόποδες του όρους Κατσιλάρη προς το Ιόνιο Πέλαγος και αποτελεί τη μεγαλύτερη λιμνοθάλασσα της  Ελλάδας. Το μήκος της φτάνει τα 27,3 χιλιόμετρα και το πλάτος της τα 14,8 χιλιόμετρα, ενώ στο μεγαλύτερο βάθος της φτάνει τα 5-6 μέτρα, αν και στο μεγαλύτερο μέρος της, το βάθος της δεν ξεπερνάει το μισό μέτρο. Οι ακτές της αποτελούν πρόσφορο τόπο για αλυκές, ενώ η περιοχή φημίζεται και για το αβγοτάραχο που βγαίνει από ένα είδος κεφαλόπουλου που λέγεται μπάφα. Τα βασικά είδη που ψαρεύονται είναι 5 είδη κέφαλου, λαβράκια, τσιπούρες, χέλια και γοβιοί, ενώ ο υγρότοπος αυτός είναι πολύ σημαντικός και για τα πουλιά, με 70 σπάνια είδη πτηνών από σύνολο 200 διαφορετικών που εντοπίζονται στη λιμνοθάλασσα. Ο λεπτόραμφος γλάρος είναι ένα από τα αυστηρά προστατευόμενα είδη, ενώ και οι φημισμένες αγριόπαπιες της περιοχής παρουσιάζουν συνεχώς μείωση.

Take The “Α” Train

(Μουσική/Στίχοι: Μπίλι Στρέιχορν)

You must take the A Train
To go to Sugar Hill way up in Harlem

If you miss the A Train
You'll find you've missed the quickest way to Harlem

Hurry, get on, now, it's coming
Listen to those rails a-thrumming (All Aboard!)

Get on the A Train
Soon you will be on Sugar Hill in Harlem

[edit]

• 116 – Emperor Trajan sends laureatae to the Roman Senate at Rome on account of his victories and being conqueror of Parthia.
• 1249 – Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khagan of the Mongol Empire.
• 1270 – Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the Livonian Order in the Battle of Karuse.
• 1630 – Dutch forces led by Hendrick Lonck capture Olinda in what was to become part of Dutch Brazil.
• 1646 – Battle of Torrington, Devon – the last major battle of the first English Civil War.
• 1699 – First Leopoldine Diploma is issued by the Holy Roman Emperor, recognizing the Greek Catholic clergy enjoyed the same privileges as Roman Catholic priests in the Principality of Transylvania.
• 1742 – Spencer Compton, Earl of Wilmington, becomes British Prime Minister.
• 1804 – First Barbary War: Stephen Decatur leads a raid to burn the pirate-held frigate USS Philadelphia.
• 1852 – Studebaker Brothers wagon company, precursor of the automobile manufacturer, is established.
• 1862 – American Civil War: General Ulysses S. Grant captures Fort Donelson, Tennessee.
• 1866 – Spencer Compton Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington becomes British Secretary of State for War.
• 1874 – Silver Dollar becomes legal US tender.
• 1881 – The Canadian Pacific Railway is incorporated by Act of Parliament at Ottawa (44th Vic., c.1).
• 1899 – Iceland's first football club, Knattspyrnufélag Reykjavíkur, is founded.
• 1918 – The Council of Lithuania unanimously adopts the Act of Independence, declaring Lithuania an independent state.
• 1923 – Howard Carter unseals the burial chamber of Pharaoh Tutankhamun.
• 1930 – The Romanian Football Federation joins FIFA.
• 1934 – The Austrian Civil War ends with the defeat of the Social Democrats and the Republikanischer Schutzbund.
• 1936 – Elections bring the Popular Front to power in Spain.
• 1937 – Wallace H. Carothers receives a United States patent for nylon.
• 1940 – World War II: Altmark Incident: The German tanker Altmark is boarded by sailors from the British destroyer HMS Cossack. 299 British prisoners are freed.
• 1943 – World War II: Red Army troops re-enter Kharkov.
• 1943 – World War II: Insertion of Operation Gunnerside, Norway.
• 1945 – World War II: American forces land on Corregidor Island in the Philippines.
• 1957 – The "Toddlers' Truce", a controversial television close down between 6.00 pm and 7.00 pm is abolished in the United Kingdom.
• 1959 – Fidel Castro becomes Premier of Cuba after dictator Fulgencio Batista was overthrown on January 1.
• 1960 – The U.S. Navy submarine USS Triton begins Operation Sandblast, setting sail from New London, Connecticut, to begin the first submerged circumnavigation of the globe.
• 1961 – Explorer program: Explorer 9 (S-56a) is launched.
• 1961 – The DuSable Museum of African American History is chartered.
• 1962 – Flooding in the coastal areas of West Germany kills 315 and destroys the homes of about 60,000 people.
• 1968 – In Haleyville, Alabama, the first 9-1-1 emergency telephone system goes into service.
• 1978 – The first computer bulletin board system is created (CBBS in Chicago).
• 1983 – The Ash Wednesday bushfires in Victoria and South Australia kill 75.
• 1985 – Hezbollah is founded.
• 1986 – The Soviet liner MS Mikhail Lermontov runs aground in the Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand.
• 1987 – The trial of John Demjanjuk, accused of being a Nazi guard dubbed "Ivan the Terrible" in Treblinka extermination camp, starts in Jerusalem.
• 1991 – Nicaraguan Contras leader Enrique Bermúdez is assassinated in Managua.
• 1998 – China Airlines Flight 676 crashes into a road and residential area near Chiang Kai-shek International Airport in Taiwan, killing all 196 aboard and seven more on the ground.
• 1999 – In Uzbekistan, a bomb explodes and gunfire is heard at the government headquarters in an apparent assassination attempt against President Islom Karimov.
• 1999 – Across Europe, Kurdish rebels take over embassies and hold hostages after Turkey arrests one of their rebel leaders, Abdullah Öcalan.
• 2005 – The Kyoto Protocol comes into force, following its ratification by Russia.
• 2005 – The National Hockey League cancels the entire 2004–2005 regular season and playoffs.
• 2006 – The last Mobile army surgical hospital (MASH) is decommissioned by the United States Army.
• 2013 – A bomb blast at a market in Hazara Town in Quetta, Pakistan kills more than 80 people and injures 190 others.
• 2015 – A CSX train crashes in Mount Carbon, West Virginia, resulting in large fires.

Births[edit]

• 1032 – Emperor Yingzong of Song (d. 1067)
• 1222 – Nichiren, Japanese monk, founded Nichiren Buddhism (d. 1282)
• 1304 – Jayaatu Khan, Emperor Wenzong of Yuan (d. 1332)
• 1497 – Philipp Melanchthon, German theologian and reformer (d. 1560)
• 1519 – Gaspard II de Coligny, French admiral (d. 1572)
• 1543 – Kanō Eitoku, Japanese painter and educator (d. 1590)
• 1620 – Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1688)
• 1643 – John Sharp, English archbishop (d. 1714)
• 1698 – Pierre Bouguer, French mathematician, geophysicist, and astronomer (d. 1758)
• 1727 – Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin, Austrian botanist, chemist, and mycologist (d. 1817)
• 1740 – Giambattista Bodoni, Italian publisher and engraver (d. 1813)
• 1761 – Jean-Charles Pichegru, French general (d. 1804)
• 1774 – Pierre Rode, French violinist and composer (d. 1830)
• 1786 – Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia (d. 1859)
• 1802 – Phineas Quimby, American mystic and philosopher (d. 1866)
• 1804 – Karl Theodor Ernst von Siebold, German physiologist and zoologist (d. 1885)
• 1812 – Henry Wilson, American colonel and politician, 18th Vice President of the United States (d. 1875)
• 1821 – Heinrich Barth, German explorer and scholar (d. 1865)
• 1822 – Francis Galton, English biologist and statistician (d. 1911)
• 1824 – Peter Kozler, Slovenian cartographer and geographer (d. 1879)
• 1825 – Crosby Stuart Noyes, American newspaper publisher (d. 1908)
• 1826 – Joseph Victor von Scheffel, German poet and author (d. 1886)
• 1831 – Nikolai Leskov, Russian author, playwright, and journalist (d. 1895)
• 1834 – Ernst Haeckel, German biologist and philosopher (d. 1919)
• 1838 – Henry Adams, American journalist, historian, and author (d. 1918)
• 1843 – Henry M. Leland, American machinist, inventor, engineer, automotive entrepreneur and founded of Cadillac and Lincoln (d. 1932)
• 1845 – George Kennan, American journalist and explorer (d. 1924)
• 1847 – Philipp Scharwenka, Polish-German composer and educator (d. 1917)
• 1848 – Hugo de Vries, Dutch botanist, geneticist, and academic (d. 1935)
• 1848 – Octave Mirbeau, French journalist, author, and playwright (d. 1917)
• 1856 – Willem Kes, Dutch violinist and conductor (d. 1934)
• 1856 – Ossian Everett Mills, American academic, founded Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia (d. 1920)
• 1866 – Billy Hamilton, American baseball player and manager (d. 1940)
• 1873 – Radoje Domanović, Serbian satirist and journalist (d. 1908)
• 1874 – Marie Gutheil-Schoder, German soprano and educator (d. 1935)
• 1868 – Edward Sheriff Curtis, American photographer (d. 1952)
• 1876 – G.M. Trevelyan, English historian and academic (d. 1962)
• 1878 – Pamela Colman Smith, English occultist and illustrator (d. 1951)
• 1878 – James Colosimo, Italian-American mob boss (d. 1920)
• 1883 – Elizabeth Craig, Scottish journalist and author (d. 1980)
• 1884 – Robert J. Flaherty, American director and producer (d. 1951)
• 1886 – Van Wyck Brooks, American historian and critic (d. 1963)
• 1887 – Kathleen Clifford, American actress (d. 1962)
• 1891 – Hans F. K. Günther, German eugenicist and academic (d. 1967)
• 1896 – Eugénie Blanchard, French super-centenarian (d. 2010)
• 1898 – Katharine Cornell, American actress and producer (d. 1974)
• 1901 – Vincent Coleman, American actor (d. 1971)
• 1901 – Wayne King, American singer-songwriter and conductor (d. 1985)
• 1901 – Chester Morris, American actor (d. 1970)
• 1903 – Edgar Bergen, American ventriloquist and actor (d. 1978)
• 1903 – André Berthomieu, French director and screenwriter (d. 1960)
• 1903 – Georges-Henri Lévesque, Canadian priest and sociologist (d. 2000)
• 1904 – James Baskett, American actor (d. 1948)
• 1904 – Karl-Heinz Bürger, German SS officer (d. 1988)
• 1904 – George F. Kennan, American historian and diplomat, United States Ambassador to the Soviet Union (d. 2005)
• 1906 – Vera Menchik, Russian-English chess player (d. 1944)
• 1909 – Hugh Beaumont, American actor (d. 1982)
• 1909 – Jeffrey Lynn, American actor (d. 1995)
• 1909 – Richard McDonald, American businessman, co-founded McDonald's (d. 1998)
• 1913 – Jim O'Hora, American football player and coach (d. 2005)
• 1915 – Michael Relph, English director and producer (d. 2004)
• 1916 – Bill Doggett, American pianist and composer (d. 1996)
• 1918 – Walt Faulkner, American racing driver (d. 1956)
• 1919 – Georges Ulmer, Danish-French actor and composer (d. 1989)
• 1920 – Tony Crook, English racing driver (d. 2014)
• 1920 – Anna Mae Hays, American general
• 1921 – Jean Behra, French race car driver (d. 1959)
• 1921 – Esther Bubley, American photographer (d. 1998)
• 1921 – Vera-Ellen, American actress and dancer (d. 1981)
• 1921 – John Galbraith Graham, English priest and academic (d. 2013)
• 1922 – Heinz-Wolfgang Schnaufer, German soldier and pilot (d. 1950)
• 1925 – Carlos Paredes, Portuguese guitarist and composer (d. 2004)
• 1926 – Margot Frank, German-Dutch Holocaust victim (d. 1945)
• 1926 – John Schlesinger, English actor and director (d. 2003)
• 1929 – Gerhard Hanappi, Austrian footballer and architect (d. 1980)
• 1929 – Peter Porter, Australian-English poet and educator (d. 2010)
• 1931 – Otis Blackwell, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2002)
• 1931 – George E. Sangmeister, American lawyer and politician (d. 2007)
• 1931 – Ken Takakura, Japanese actor and singer (d. 2014)
• 1932 – Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, Sierra Leonean economist, lawyer, and politician, 3rd President of Sierra Leone (d. 2014)
• 1932 – Gretchen Wyler, American actress and dancer (d. 2007)
• 1934 – August Coppola, American author and academic (d. 2009)
• 1934 – Marlene Hagge, American golfer
• 1934 – Hal Kalin, American singer (Kalin Twins) (d. 2005)
• 1934 – Herbie Kalin, American singer (Kalin Twins) (d. 2006)
• 1935 – Brian Bedford, English-American actor and director (d. 2016)
• 1935 – Sonny Bono, American actor, singer, and politician (d. 1998)
• 1935 – Stephen Gaskin, American activist, co-founded The Farm (d. 2014)
• 1935 – Bradford Parkinson, American engineer and inventor, father of the Global Positioning System
• 1937 – Paul Bailey, English author and critic
• 1937 – Yuri I. Manin, Russian-German mathematician and academic
• 1938 – John Corigliano, American composer and academic
• 1938 – Barry Primus, American actor, director, and producer
• 1939 – Adolfo Azcuna, Filipino lawyer and judge
• 1939 – Czesław Niemen, Polish singer-songwriter (Niebiesko-Czarni) (d. 2004)
• 1939 – David Simpson, Northern Irish politician
• 1940 – Hannelore Schmatz, German mountaineer (d. 1979)
• 1940 – Michael J. Shapiro, American philosopher, author, and academic
• 1941 – Anne Lonsdale, English sinologist and academic
• 1941 – Kim Jong-il, North Korean politician, 2nd Supreme Leader of North Korea (d. 2011)
• 1942 – Richard Williams, American tennis player and coach
• 1943 – Howard Riley, English pianist and composer
• 1944 – Glyn Davies, Welsh farmer and politician
• 1944 – António Mascarenhas Monteiro, Cape Verdean politician, 2nd President of Cape Verde
• 1948 – Kaiketsu Masateru, Japanese sumo wrestler and coach (d. 2014)
• 1948 – Andy Van Hellemond, Canadian ice hockey player and referee
• 1949 – Bob Didier, American baseball player and coach
• 1949 – Bob O'Reilly, Australian rugby league player
• 1949 – Lyn Paul, English singer and actress (The New Seekers)
• 1950 – Peter Hain, Kenyan-Welsh politician, Secretary of State for Wales
• 1950 – Roman Tam, Hong Kong singer (Roman and the Four Steps) (d. 2002)
• 1950 – Kazuki Tomokawa, Japanese singer
• 1951 – Barry Foote, American baseball player and coach
• 1951 – Yumi Takigawa, Japanese actress and singer
• 1952 – William Katt, American actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1952 – Terence Kealey, English biochemist and academic
• 1952 – Peter Kitchen, English footballer
• 1952 – James Ingram, American singer-songwriter and producer
• 1953 – John Bradbury, English drummer and songwriter (The Specials) (d. 2015)
• 1953 – George Martin, American football player
• 1953 – Lanny McDonald, Canadian ice hockey player and manager
• 1953 – Roberta Williams, American video game designer, co-founded Sierra Entertainment
• 1954 – Iain Banks, Scottish author and playwright (d. 2013)
• 1954 – Margaux Hemingway, American model and actress (d. 1996)
• 1954 – Michael Holding, Jamaican cricketer and sportscaster
• 1956 – Vincent Ward, New Zealand director and screenwriter
• 1957 – LeVar Burton, German-American actor, director, and producer
• 1958 – Ice-T, American rapper and actor
• 1958 – Natalie Angier, American journalist and author
• 1958 – Michael W. Burns, American lawyer and politician
• 1958 – Oscar Schmidt, Brazilian basketball player
• 1958 – Herb Williams, American basketball player and coach
• 1959 – John McEnroe, German-American tennis player and sportscaster
• 1959 – Kelly Tripucka, American basketball player and sportscaster
• 1960 – Bill Pecota, American baseball player
• 1960 – Pete Willis, English guitarist (Def Leppard, Atomic Mass, Gogmagog, and Roadhouse)
• 1961 – Liu Kang, Chinese footballer and manager (d. 2013)
• 1961 – Andy Taylor, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Duran Duran and The Power Station)
• 1962 – John Balance, English singer-songwriter (Coil) (d. 2004)
• 1964 – Bebeto, Brazilian footballer and manager
• 1964 – Christopher Eccleston, English actor
• 1965 – Dave Lombardo, Cuban-American drummer (Slayer, Grip Inc., Fantômas, Voodoocult, and Testament)
• 1967 – Keith Gretzky, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1968 – Warren Ellis, English author and screenwriter
• 1969 – Gangrel, American wrestler and actor
• 1970 – Serdar Ortaç, Turkish singer-songwriter
• 1970 – Angelo Peruzzi, Italian footballer
• 1971 – Amanda Holden, English actress and singer
• 1972 – Jerome Bettis, American football player and sportscaster
• 1972 – Sarah Clarke, American actress
• 1972 – Naomi Nishida, Japanese actress
• 1973 – Cathy Freeman, Australian sprinter
• 1973 – Maureen Johnson, American author
• 1974 – Luis Figueroa, Puerto Rican-American baseball player
• 1974 – Fanis Katergiannakis, Greek footballer
• 1975 – Nanase Aikawa, Japanese singer
• 1975 – Vanina Ickx, Belgian race car driver
• 1976 – Kyo, Japanese singer-songwriter and producer (Dir En Grey)
• 1976 – Eric Byrnes, American baseball player and sportscaster
• 1976 – Joe Odagiri, Japanese actor and singer
• 1977 – Ian Clarke, Irish computer scientist, founded Freenet
• 1977 – Ahman Green, American football player
• 1978 – Tia Hellebaut, Belgian high jumper
• 1978 – Wasim Jaffer, Indian cricketer
• 1978 – John Tartaglia, American actor, singer, and puppeteer
• 1979 – Eric Mun, American-South Korean singer and actor (Shinhwa)
• 1979 – Valentino Rossi, Italian motorcycle racer
• 1980 – Longineu W. Parsons III, French-American drummer (Yellowcard)
• 1981 – Jay Howard, English race car driver
• 1981 – Jerry Owens, American baseball player
• 1981 – Qyntel Woods, American basketball player
• 1982 – Aleksandr Dmitrijev, Estonian footballer
• 1982 – Lupe Fiasco, American rapper and producer (Child Rebel Soldier and Japanese Cartoon)
• 1982 – Rickie Lambert, English footballer
• 1982 – Paulo Jorge Sousa Vieira, Portuguese footballer
• 1983 – Agyness Deyn, English model, actress, and singer
• 1983 – John Magaro, American actor
• 1984 – Sofia Arvidsson, Swedish tennis player
• 1985 – Simon Francis, English footballer
• 1985 – Ron Vlaar, Dutch footballer
• 1986 – Zoi Dimoschaki, Greek swimmer
• 1986 – Josje Huisman, Dutch singer, actress, dancer (K3)
• 1987 – Luc Bourdon, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2008)
• 1987 – Ryosuke Miura, Japanese actor
• 1987 – Hasheem Thabeet, Tanzanian basketball player
• 1988 – Diego Capel, Spanish footballer
• 1988 – Zhang Jike, Chinese table tennis player
• 1988 – Denílson Pereira Neves, Brazilian footballer
• 1988 – Andrea Ranocchia, Italian footballer
• 1988 – Kim Soo-hyun, South Korean actor and singer
• 1989 – Elizabeth Olsen, American actress
• 1990 – The Weeknd, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer
• 1991 – Princess Alexandra of Luxembourg
• 1991 – Sergio Canales, Spanish footballer
• 1992 – Nicolai Boilesen, Danish footballer
• 1992 – Zsófia Susányi, Hungarian tennis player
• 1994 – Annika Beck, German tennis player
• 1995 – Katy Dunne, English tennis player
• 1995 – Mayu Matsuoka, Japanese actress
• 1995 – Carina Witthöft, German tennis player
• 1996 – Nana Komatsu, Japanese actress and model

Deaths[edit]

• 549 – Zhu Yi, Chinese general (b. 483)
• 1247 – Henry Raspe, Landgrave of Thuringia (b. 1204)
• 1279 – Afonso III of Portugal (b. 1210)
• 1391 – John V Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (b. 1332)
• 1459 – Akshamsaddin, Ottoman religious scholar, poet, mystic saint, and guide of Mehmed the Conqueror (b. 1389)
• 1531 – Johannes Stöffler, German mathematician and astronomer (b. 1452)
• 1560 – Jean du Bellay, French cardinal and diplomat (b. 1493)
• 1645 – Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, Spanish general and politician, 24th Governor of the Duchy of Milan (b. 1585)
• 1710 – Esprit Fléchier, French bishop and author (b. 1632)
• 1721 – James Craggs the Younger, English politician, Secretary of State for the Southern Department (b. 1686)
• 1754 – Richard Mead, English physician (b. 1673)
• 1820 – Georg Carl von Döbeln, Swedish general (b. 1758)
• 1844 – Joseph Crosfield, English businessman (b. 1792)
• 1898 – Thomas Bracken, Irish-New Zealand journalist, poet, and politician (b. 1843)
• 1899 – Félix Faure, French merchant and politician, 7th President of France (b. 1841)
• 1907 – Giosuè Carducci, Italian poet and educator, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1835)
• 1912 – Nicholas of Japan, Russian-Japanese monk and saint (b. 1836)
• 1916 – Georg von Oettingen, Estonian-Russian physician and ophthalmologist (b. 1824)
• 1917 – Octave Mirbeau, French journalist, author, and playwright (b. 1848)
• 1919 – Vera Kholodnaya, Ukrainian actress (b. 1893)
• 1924 – John William Kendrick, American engineer and businessman (b. 1853)
• 1928 – Eddie Foy, Sr., American actor and dancer (b. 1856)
• 1932 – Ferdinand Buisson, French academic and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1841)
• 1932 – Edgar Speyer, American-English financier and philanthropist (b. 1862)
• 1933 – Bekir Sami Kunduh, Turkish general and politician, 1st Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1867)
• 1944 – Henri Nathansen, Danish author, playwright, and director (b. 1868)
• 1944 – Dadasaheb Phalke, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1870)
• 1957 – Josef Hofmann, Polish-American pianist and composer (b. 1876)
• 1961 – Dazzy Vance, American baseball player (b. 1891)
• 1967 – Smiley Burnette, American singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1911)
• 1967 – Amund Rydland, Norwegian actor and theatre director (b. 1888)
• 1974 – John Garand, Canadian-American engineer, designed the M1 Garand Rifle(b. 1888)
• 1975 – Morgan Taylor, American hurdler and coach (b. 1903)
• 1975 – Norman Treigle, American actor and singer (b. 1927)
• 1978 – E. Roland Harriman, American financier and philanthropist (b. 1895)
• 1979 – Nematollah Nassiri, Iranian general (b. 1911)
• 1980 – Erich Hückel, German physicist and chemist (b. 1895)
• 1984 – M. A. G. Osmani, Bangladeshi general (b. 1918)
• 1988 – Jean Carignan, Canadian fiddler and composer (b. 1916)
• 1990 – Keith Haring, American painter and activist (b. 1958)
• 1991 – Enrique Bermúdez, Nicaraguan lieutenant and engineer (b. 1932)
• 1992 – Angela Carter, English journalist and author (b. 1940)
• 1992 – Jânio Quadros, Brazilian politician, 22nd President of Brazil (b. 1917)
• 1992 – Herman Wold, Norwegian-Swedish economist and statistician (b. 1908)
• 1996 – Roberto Aizenberg, Argentinian painter and sculptor (b. 1922)
• 1996 – Roger Bowen, American actor and author (b. 1932)
• 1996 – Pat Brown, American lawyer and politician, 32nd Governor of California (b. 1905)
• 1996 – Brownie McGhee, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1915)
• 1997 – Chien-Shiung Wu, Chinese-American physicist (b. 1912)
• 1999 – Michael Larson, American game show contestant on Press Your Luck (b. 1949)
• 2000 – Marceline Day, American actress (b. 1908)
• 2000 – Lila Kedrova, Russian-French actress and singer
• 2000 – Karsten Solheim, Norwegian-American businessman, founded PING (b. 1911)
• 2001 – Bob Buhl, American baseball player (b. 1928)
• 2001 – Howard W. Koch, American director and producer (b. 1916)
• 2001 – William Masters, American gynecologist and sexologist (b. 1915)
• 2002 – Peter Voulkos, American ceramic artist (b. 1924)
• 2002 – Walter Winterbottom, England footballer and manager (b. 1913)
• 2004 – Doris Troy, American singer-songwriter (b. 1937)
• 2005 – Narriman Sadek, Egyptian wife of Farouk I of Egypt (b. 1933)
• 2006 – Ernie Stautner, German-American football player and coach (b. 1925)
• 2009 – Stephen Kim Sou-hwan, South Korean cardinal (b. 1921)
• 2010 – Wan Chi Keung, Hong Kong footballer and actor (b. 1956)
• 2011 – Len Lesser, American actor (b. 1922)
• 2011 – Justinas Marcinkevičius, Lithuanian poet and playwright (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Gary Carter, American baseball player and coach (b. 1954)
• 2012 – Donald Henry Colless, Australian entomologist and academic (b. 1922)
• 2012 – Elyse Knox, American model, actress, and fashion designer (b. 1917)
• 2012 – John Macionis, American swimmer and lieutenant (b. 1916)
• 2012 – Anthony Shadid, American journalist (b. 1968)
• 2012 – Dick Anthony Williams, American actor (b. 1934)
• 2013 – Colin Edwards, Guyanese footballer (b. 1991)
• 2013 – Eric Ericson, Swedish conductor and educator (b. 1918)
• 2013 – Grigory Pomerants, Russian philosopher and author (b. 1918)
• 2013 – Tony Sheridan, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1940)
• 2013 – Ernie Vossler, American golfer (b. 1928)
• 2014 – Ken Farragut, American football player (b. 1928)
• 2014 – Raymond Louis Kennedy, American singer-songwriter, saxophonist, and producer (b. 1946)
• 2014 – Gert Krawinkel, German guitarist (Trio) (b. 1947)
• 2014 – Jimmy Murakami, American animator, director, and producer (b. 1933)
• 2014 – Michael Shea, American author (b. 1946)
• 2015 – Lasse Braun, Algerian-Italian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1936)
• 2015 – Lesley Gore, American singer-songwriter and actress (b. 1946)
• 2015 – R. R. Patil, Indian lawyer and politician, Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra (b. 1957)
• 2015 – Lorena Rojas, Mexican actress and singer (b. 1971)