[edit]

• 506 – The bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde.
• 1419 – John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy is assassinated by adherents of the Dauphin, the future Charles VII of France.
• 1509 – An earthquake known as "The Lesser Judgment Day" hits Constantinople.
• 1515 – Thomas Wolsey is invested as a Cardinal
• 1547 – The Battle of Pinkie Cleugh, the last full-scale military confrontation between England and Scotland, resulting in a decisive victory for the forces of Edward VI.
• 1561 – Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima – Takeda Shingen defeats Uesugi Kenshin in the climax of their ongoing conflicts.
• 1570 – Spanish Jesuit missionaries land in present-day Virginia to establish the short-lived Ajacán Mission.
• 1608 – John Smith is elected council president of Jamestown, Virginia.
• 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Nathan Hale volunteers to spy for the Continental Army.
• 1798 – At the Battle of St. George's Caye, British Honduras defeats Spain.
• 1813 – The United States defeats the British Fleet at the Battle of Lake Erie during the War of 1812.
• 1823 – Simón Bolívar is named President of Peru.
• 1846 – Elias Howe is granted a patent for the sewing machine.
• 1858 – George Mary Searle discovers the asteroid 55 Pandora.
• 1897 – Lattimer massacre: A sheriff's posse kills 20 unarmed immigrant miners in Pennsylvania, United States.
• 1898 – Empress Elisabeth of Austria is assassinated by Luigi Lucheni.
• 1918 – Russian Civil War: The Red Army captures Kazan.
• 1919 – Austria and the Allies sign the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye recognizing the independence of Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia.
• 1932 – The New York City Subway's third competing subway system, the municipally-owned IND, is opened.
• 1935 – India's first all-boys public school, The Doon School, is founded.
• 1936 – First World Individual Motorcycle Speedway Championship, Held at London's (England) Wembley Stadium
• 1937 – Nine nations attend the Nyon Conference to address international piracy in the Mediterranean Sea.
• 1939 – World War II: The submarine HMS Oxley is mistakenly sunk by the submarine HMS Triton near Norway and becomes the Royal Navy's first loss.
• 1939 – World War II: Canada declares war on Nazi Germany, joining the Allies – Poland, France, the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia.
• 1942 – World War II: The British Army carries out an amphibious landing on Madagascar to re-launch Allied offensive operations in the Madagascar Campaign.
• 1943 – World War II: German forces begin their occupation of Rome.
• 1946 – While riding a train to Darjeeling, Sister Teresa Bojaxhiu of the Loreto Sisters' Convent claimed to have heard the call of God, directing her "to leave the convent and help the poor while living among them". She would become known as Mother Teresa.
• 1955 – The television series Gunsmoke premieres on CBS . It was the second western television series written for adults. The first was the Lone Ranger.
• 1960 – At the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Abebe Bikila becomes the first sub-Saharan African to win a gold medal, winning the marathon in bare feet.
• 1961 – Italian Grand Prix, a crash causes the death of German Formula One driver Wolfgang von Trips and 13 spectators who are hit by his Ferrari.
• 1967 – The people of Gibraltar vote to remain a British dependency rather than becoming part of Spain.
• 1972 – The United States suffers its first loss of an international basketball game in a disputed match against the Soviet Union at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany.
• 1974 – Guinea-Bissau gains independence from Portugal.
• 1976 – A British Airways Hawker Siddeley Trident and an Inex-Adria DC-9 collide near Zagreb, Yugoslavia, killing 176.
• 1977 – Hamida Djandoubi, convicted of torture and murder, is the last person to be executed by guillotine in France.
• 1987 – Pope John Paul II starts his 11-day papal visit to Fort Simpson, Canada and afterwards to several southern and western cities in the United States.
• 1990 – The Basilica of Our Lady of Peace in Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire, the largest church in Africa, is consecrated by Pope John Paul II.
• 2000 – Operation Barras successfully frees six British soldiers held captive for over two weeks and contributes to the end of the Sierra Leone Civil War.
• 2001 – Charles Ingram cheats his way into winning one million pounds on a British version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?.
• 2001 – Antônio da Costa Santos, mayor of Campinas, Brazil is assassinated.
• 2002 – Switzerland, traditionally a neutral country, joins the United Nations.
• 2003 – Anna Lindh, the foreign minister of Sweden, is fatally stabbed while shopping, and dies the following day.
• 2007 – Former Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif returns to Pakistan after seven years in exile, following a military coup in October 1999.
• 2008 – The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, described as the biggest scientific experiment in history, is powered up in Geneva, Switzerland.
• 2014 – The first Invictus Games took place at Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in London.

Births[edit]

• 920 – Louis IV of France (d. 954)
• 1169 – Alexios II Komnenos, Byzantine emperor (d. 1183)
• 1487 – Pope Julius III (d. 1555)
• 1550 – Alonso Pérez de Guzmán, 7th Duke of Medina Sidonia, Spanish general (d. 1615)
• 1547 – George I, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (d. 1596)
• 1561 – Hernando Arias de Saavedra, Paraguayan-Argentinian soldier and politician (d. 1634)
• 1588 – Nicholas Lanier, English singer-songwriter and lute player (d. 1666)
• 1624 – Thomas Sydenham, English physician (d. 1689)
• 1638 – Maria Theresa of Spain (d. 1683)
• 1659 – Henry Purcell, English organist and composer (d. 1695)
• 1714 – Niccolò Jommelli, Italian composer (d. 1774)
• 1753 – John Soane, English architect, designed the Royal Academy and Freemasons' Hall (d. 1837)
• 1758 – Hannah Webster Foster, American author (d. 1840)
• 1786 – Nicolás Bravo, Mexican soldier and politician, 11th President of Mexico (d. 1854)
• 1786 – William Mason, American politician (d. 1860)
• 1788 – Jacques Boucher de Crèvecœur de Perthes, French archaeologist and author (d. 1868)
• 1801 – Marie Laveau, American voodoo practitioner (d. 1881)
• 1821 – William Jervois, English caption, engineer, and politician, 10th Governor of South Australia (d. 1897)
• 1836 – Joseph Wheeler, American general and politician (d. 1906)
• 1839 – Isaac K. Funk, American minister and publisher, co-founded Funk & Wagnalls (d. 1912)
• 1839 – Charles Sanders Peirce, American mathematician, scientist, and philosopher (d. 1914)
• 1844 – Abel Hoadley, English-Australian candy maker, created the Violet Crumble (d. 1918)
• 1852 – Hans Niels Andersen, Danish businessman, founded the East Asiatic Company (d. 1937)
• 1852 – Alice Brown Davis, American tribal chief (d. 1935)
• 1855 – Albert F. Mummery, English mountaineer and author (d. 1895)
• 1860 – Marianne von Werefkin, Russian-Swiss painter (d. 1938)
• 1861 – Niels Hansen Jacobsen, Danish sculptor (d. 1941)
• 1866 – Jeppe Aakjær, Danish author and poet (d. 1930)
• 1871 – Charles Collett, English engineer (d. 1952)
• 1872 – Ranjitsinhji, Indian cricketer (d. 1933)
• 1875 – George Hewitt Myers, American forester and philanthropist (d. 1957)
• 1876 – Hugh D. McIntosh, Australian businessman (d. 1942)
• 1880 – Georgia Douglas Johnson, American poet and playwright (d. 1966)
• 1883 – Jock Delves Broughton, English accused murderer (d. 1942)
• 1884 – Herbert Johanson, Estonian architect (d. 1964)
• 1885 – Johannes de Jong, Dutch cardinal (d. 1955)
• 1885 – David Kolehmainen, Finnish wrestler (d. 1918)
• 1885 – Carl Clinton Van Doren, American author and critic (d. 1950)
• 1886 – H.D., American author and poet (d. 1961)
• 1887 – Giovanni Gronchi, Italian soldier and politician, 3rd President of the Italian Republic (d. 1978)
• 1887 – Kenneth Mason, English soldier and geographer (d. 1976)
• 1887 – Govind Ballabh Pant, Indian lawyer and politician, 1st Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh (d. 1961)
• 1888 – Israel Abramofsky, Russian-American painter (d. 1976)
• 1889 – Ivar Böhling, Finnish wrestler (d. 1929)
• 1890 – Bob Heffron, New Zealand-Australian miner and politician, 30th Premier of New South Wales (d. 1978)
• 1890 – Elsa Schiaparelli, Italian-French fashion designer (d. 1973)
• 1890 – Franz Werfel, Austrian-Bohemian author, poet, and playwright (d. 1945)
• 1892 – Arthur Compton, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1962)
• 1893 – Maria de Jesus, Portuguese super-centenarian (d. 2009)
• 1894 – Alexander Dovzhenko, Ukrainian-Russian director and screenwriter (d. 1956)
• 1894 – Jaan Tomp, Estonian politician (d. 1924)
• 1895 – Viswanatha Satyanarayana, Indian poet and author (d. 1976)
• 1896 – Adele Astaire, American actress and dancer (d. 1981)
• 1896 – Robert Taschereau, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician, 11th Chief Justice of Canada (d. 1970)
• 1896 – Ye Ting, Chinese general (d. 1946)
• 1897 – Georges Bataille, French philosopher and author (d. 1962)
• 1897 – Hilde Hildebrand, German actress (d. 1976)
• 1898 – Bessie Love, American actress and singer (d. 1986)
• 1898 – Waldo Semon, American chemist and engineer (d. 1999)
• 1903 – Cyril Connolly, English author and critic (d. 1974)
• 1904 – Honey Craven, American horse rider and manager (d. 2003)
• 1904 – Max Shachtman, American theorist and politician (d. 1972)
• 1906 – Karl Wien, German mountaineer (d. 1937)
• 1907 – Alva R. Fitch, American general (d. 1989)
• 1908 – Angus Bethune, Australian soldier and politician, 33rd Premier of Tasmania (d. 2004)
• 1908 – Raymond Scott, American pianist, composer, and bandleader (d. 1994)
• 1908 – Waldo Rudolph Wedel, American archaeologist and author (d. 1996)
• 1912 – Basappa Danappa Jatti, Indian lawyer and politician, 5th Vice President of India (d. 2002)
• 1912 – Mary Walter, Filipino actress (d. 1993)
• 1913 – Lincoln Gordon, American academic and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Brazil (d. 2009)
• 1914 – Terence O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of the Maine, English-Irish politician, 4th Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (d. 1990)
• 1914 – Robert Wise, American director and producer (d. 2005)
• 1915 – Edmond O'Brien, American actor and director (d. 1985)
• 1917 – Miguel Serrano, Chilean poet and diplomat (d. 2009)
• 1919 – Lex van Delden, Dutch composer (d. 1988)
• 1920 – Fabio Taglioni, Italian engineer (d. 2001)
• 1921 – Joann Lõssov, Estonian basketball player and coach (d. 2000)
• 1921 – John W. Morris, American general (d. 2013)
• 1923 – Glen P. Robinson, American businessman, founded Scientific Atlanta (d. 2013)
• 1924 – Ted Kluszewski, American baseball player and coach (d. 1988)
• 1924 – Boyd K. Packer, American educator and religious leader, 26th President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (d. 2015)
• 1925 – Roy Brown, American singer-songwriter (d. 1981)
• 1925 – Dick Lucas, English minister and cleric
• 1925 – Boris Tchaikovsky, Russian pianist and composer (d. 1996)
• 1926 – Beryl Cook, English painter and illustrator (d. 2008)
• 1926 – Khin Maung Kyi, Burmese economist and scholar (d. 2013)
• 1927 – Johnny Keating, Scottish trombonist, composer, and producer (d. 2015)
• 1928 – Roch Bolduc, Canadian politician
• 1928 – Walter Martin, American minister and author, founded the Christian Research Institute (d. 1989)
• 1928 – Jean Vanier, Canadian philosopher and humanitarian, founded L'Arche
• 1929 – Michel Bélanger, Canadian businessman and banker (d. 1997)
• 1929 – John Golding, British artist, art scholar and curator (d. 2012)
• 1929 – Tommy Leonetti, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 1979)
• 1929 – Arnold Palmer, American golfer
• 1930 – Aino Kukk, Estonian chess player (d. 2006)
• 1931 – Isabel Colegate, English author
• 1931 – Philip Baker Hall, American actor
• 1932 – Bo Goldman, American playwright, screenwriter, and producer
• 1933 – Yevgeny Khrunov, Russian colonel and astronaut (d. 2000)
• 1933 – Karl Lagerfeld, German-French fashion designer and photographer
• 1934 – Charles Kuralt, American journalist (d. 1997)
• 1934 – Roger Maris, American baseball player and coach (d. 1985)
• 1934 – Jim Oberstar, American politician (d. 2014)
• 1934 – Larry Sitsky, Australian pianist, composer, and educator
• 1935 – Mary Oliver, American poet and author
• 1937 – Jared Diamond, American biologist, geographer, and author
• 1938 – David Hamilton, English radio and television host
• 1939 – Cynthia Lennon, English author (d. 2015)
• 1939 – Hans Sotin, German opera singer
• 1939 – David Stratton, English-Australian critic and television host
• 1940 – Roy Ayers, American singer-songwriter, keyboard player, and producer
• 1940 – Buck Buchanan, American football player (d. 1992)
• 1940 – Bob Chance, American baseball player (d. 2013)
• 1941 – Stephen Jay Gould, American paleontologist, biologist, and author (d. 2002)
• 1941 – Christopher Hogwood, English harpsichord player and conductor, founded the Academy of Ancient Music (d. 2014)
• 1941 – Gunpei Yokoi, Japanese video game designer, invented Game Boy (d. 1997)
• 1942 – Danny Hutton, Irish-American singer (Three Dog Night)
• 1943 – Júnior, Filipino-Spanish singer and actor (d. 2014)
• 1943 – Daniel Truhitte, American actor and singer
• 1943 – Neale Donald Walsch, American author
• 1943 – Tezer Özlü, Turkish writer (d. 1986)
• 1944 – Thomas Allen, English opera singer and academic
• 1945 – Dennis Burkley, American actor (d. 2013)
• 1945 – José Feliciano, Puerto Rican singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1945 – Gerard Henderson, Australian journalist and author
• 1945 – Mike Mullane, American colonel and astronaut
• 1946 – Michèle Alliot-Marie, French politician, French Minister of Foreign and European Affairs
• 1946 – Jim Hines, American sprinter
• 1946 – Patrick Norman, Canadian singer-songwriter
• 1946 – Don Powell, English drummer (Slade)
• 1947 – David Pountney, English director and manager
• 1948 – Zhang Chengzhi, Chinese historian and author
• 1948 – Brian Donohoe, Scottish politician
• 1948 – Tony Gatlif, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1948 – Judy Geeson, English actress
• 1948 – Bob Lanier, American basketball player and coach
• 1948 – Margaret Trudeau, Canadian actress and talk show host, 12th Spouse of the Prime Minister of Canada
• 1948 – Charlie Waters, American football player, coach, and radio host
• 1949 – Babette Cole, English author and illustrator
• 1949 – Don Muraco, American wrestler
• 1949 – Bill O'Reilly, American journalist and author
• 1949 – Rick Rosas, American bass player (Mark & the Escorts) (d. 2014)
• 1950 – Rosie Flores, American singer and guitarist (Asleep at the Wheel and Screamin' Sirens)
• 1950 – Joe Perry, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Aerosmith and The Joe Perry Project)
• 1951 – Sarah Coakley, English philosopher, theologian, and academic
• 1951 – Harry Groener, German-American actor and dancer
• 1952 – Medea Benjamin, American activist, co-founded Code Pink
• 1952 – Vic Toews, Paraguayan-Canadian lawyer and politician, 48th Canadian Minister of Justice
• 1953 – Amy Irving, American actress and singer
• 1953 – John Thurso, Scottish politician
• 1954 – Jackie Ashley, English journalist
• 1954 – Lorely Burt, English politician
• 1954 – Clark Johnson, American actor, director, and producer
• 1955 – Armin Hahne, German race car driver
• 1956 – Johnnie Fingers, Irish pianist, songwriter, and producer (The Boomtown Rats)
• 1956 – Johnny Hickman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Cracker)
• 1956 – Erick Zonca, French director and producer
• 1957 – Kate Burton, Swiss-American actress
• 1957 – Carol Decker, English singer-songwriter (T'Pau)
• 1957 – Andreï Makine, Russian-French author
• 1958 – Chris Columbus, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1958 – Siobhan Fahey, Irish singer-songwriter and producer (Bananarama and Shakespears Sister)
• 1959 – Jim Meskimen, American voice actor
• 1959 – Peter Nelson, American actor and producer
• 1960 – Alison Bechdel, American author and illustrator
• 1960 – Colin Firth, English actor, singer, and producer
• 1960 – Tim Hunter, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1960 – David Lowery, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Cracker and Camper Van Beethoven)
• 1962 – Co Stompé, Dutch darts player
• 1962 – Wiljan Vloet, Dutch footballer and manager
• 1963 – Randy Johnson, American baseball player and actor
• 1963 – Marian Keyes, Irish author
• 1963 – Bill Stevenson, American drummer, songwriter, and producer (All, Descendents, The Lemonheads, and Only Crime)
• 1964 – John E. Sununu, American engineer and politician
• 1964 – Edmund de Waal, English artist
• 1965 – Robin Goodridge, English drummer (Bush, Spear of Destiny, and Stone Gods)
• 1966 – Joe Nieuwendyk, Canadian ice hockey player and manager
• 1966 – Yuki Saito, Japanese singer-songwriter, actress, essayist, author, and poet
• 1968 – Andreas Herzog, Austrian footballer and manager
• 1968 – Big Daddy Kane, American rapper, producer, and actor (Juice Crew)
• 1968 – Guy Ritchie, English director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1969 – Craig Innes, New Zealand rugby player
• 1969 – Ai Jing, Chinese-American singer and painter
• 1969 – Johnathon Schaech, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1970 – Ménélik, Cameroonian-French rapper
• 1970 – Dean Gorré, Surinamese footballer and manager
• 1970 – Paula Kelley, American singer-songwriter (Drop Nineteens)
• 1971 – Joe Bravo, American jockey
• 1972 – James Duval, American actor and producer
• 1972 – Katarína Hasprová, Slovak singer and actress
• 1972 – Ghada Shouaa, Syrian heptathlete
• 1972 – Bente Skari, Norwegian skier
• 1973 – Ferdinand Coly, Senegalese footballer
• 1973 – Nancy Coolen, Dutch singer and television host (Twenty 4 Seven)
• 1973 – Mark Huizinga, Dutch martial artist
• 1974 – Mohammad Akram, Pakistani cricketer
• 1974 – Sandra Cacic, Croatian-American tennis player
• 1974 – Mirko Filipović, Croatian mixed martial artist, boxer, and politician
• 1974 – Ryan Phillippe, American actor
• 1974 – Ben Wallace, American basketball player
• 1975 – Viktor Kassai, Hungarian football referee
• 1975 – Dan O'Toole, Canadian sportscaster
• 1975 – Melanie Pullen, American photographer
• 1976 – Gustavo Kuerten, Brazilian tennis player
• 1976 – Vassilis Lakis, Greek footballer
• 1976 – Matt Morgan, American basketball player, wrestler, and actor
• 1976 – Reinder Nummerdor, Dutch volleyball player
• 1978 – Julia Goldsworthy, English politician
• 1978 – Ramūnas Šiškauskas, Lithuanian basketball player
• 1979 – Jacob Young, American actor and singer
• 1980 – Michelle Alves, Brazilian model
• 1980 – Jayam Ravi, Indian actor
• 1980 – Mikey Way, American bassist (My Chemical Romance and Electric Century)
• 1981 – Marco Chiudinelli, Swiss tennis player
• 1981 – Germán Denis, Argentinian footballer
• 1982 – Misty Copeland, American ballet dancer and author
• 1982 – Javi Varas, Spanish footballer
• 1983 – Fernando Belluschi, Argentinian footballer
• 1983 – Jérémy Toulalan, French footballer
• 1983 – Joey Votto, Canadian baseball player
• 1984 – Sander Post, Estonian footballer
• 1984 – Harry Treadaway, English actor
• 1984 – Luke Treadaway, English actor
• 1985 – Aleksandrs Čekulajevs, Latvian footballer
• 1985 – James Graham, English rugby player
• 1985 – Aya Kamiki, Japanese singer-songwriter
• 1985 – Laurent Koscielny, French footballer
• 1985 – Elyse Levesque, Canadian actress
• 1985 – Shota Matsuda, Japanese actor
• 1985 – Neil Walker, American baseball player
• 1986 – Ashley Monroe, American singer-songwriter (Pistol Annies)
• 1986 – Eoin Morgan, Irish cricketer
• 1986 – Hiroki Uchi, Japanese singer-songwriter and actor (Kanjani Eight and NEWS)
• 1987 – Paul Goldschmidt, American baseball player
• 1987 – Nana Tanimura, Japanese singer-songwriter
• 1988 – Jared Lee Loughner, American murderer
• 1988 – Coco Rocha, Canadian model
• 1988 – Jordan Staal, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1989 – Manish Pandey, Indian cricketer
• 1989 – Matt Ritchie, English footballer
• 1989 – Lee Sawyer, English footballer
• 1990 – Chandler Massey, American actor
• 1991 – Boadu Maxwell Acosty, Ghanaian footballer
• 1991 – Adam Nichols, English singer and guitarist (Miranda Chartrand and Adam Nichols)
• 1992 – Ayub Masika, Kenyan footballer
• 1998 – Anna Blinkova, Russian tennis player
• 1999 – Ian O'Reilly, Irish actor

Gilbert and Sullivan

W. S. Gilbert

Arthur Sullivan

Gilbert and Sullivan refers to the Victorian-era theatrical partnership of the librettist W. S. Gilbert (1836–1911) and the composer Arthur Sullivan (1842–1900) and to the works they jointly created. The two men collaborated on fourteen comic operas between 1871 and 1896, of which H.M.S. Pinafore, The Pirates of Penzance and The Mikado are among the best known.

Gilbert, who wrote the words, created fanciful "topsy-turvy" worlds for these operas where each absurdity is taken to its logical conclusion—fairies rub elbows with British lords, flirting is a capital offence, gondoliers ascend to the monarchy, and pirates turn out to be noblemen who have gone wrong.Sullivan, six years Gilbert's junior, composed the music, contributing memorable melodies that could convey both humour and pathos.

Their operas have enjoyed broad and enduring international success and are still performed frequently throughout the English-speaking world. Gilbert and Sullivan introduced innovations in content and form that directly influenced the development of musical theatre through the 20th century. The operas have also influenced political discourse, literature, film and television and have been widely parodied and pastiched by humourists. Producer Richard D'Oyly Cartebrought Gilbert and Sullivan together and nurtured their collaboration He built the Savoy Theatre in 1881 to present their joint works (which came to be known as the Savoy Operas) and founded the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company, which performed and promoted Gilbert and Sullivan's works for over a century.

• 1185 – Isaac II Angelos kills Stephen Hagiochristophorites and then appeals to the people, resulting in the revolt that deposes Andronikos I Komnenos and places Isaac on the throne of the Byzantine Empire.
• 1226 – The Roman Catholic practice of public adoration of the Blessed Sacrament outside of Mass spreads from monasteries to parishes.
• 1297 – Battle of Stirling Bridge: Scots jointly-led by William Wallace and Andrew Moray defeat the English.
• 1390 – Lithuanian Civil War (1389–92): The Teutonic Knights begin a five-week siege of Vilnius.
• 1541 – Santiago, Chile, is destroyed by indigenous warriors, led by Michimalonco.
• 1565 – Ottoman forces retreat from Malta ending the Great Siege of Malta.
• 1609 – Expulsion order announced against the Moriscos of Valencia; beginning of the expulsion of all Spain's Moriscos.
• 1609 – Henry Hudson discovers Manhattan Island and the indigenous people living there.
• 1649 – Siege of Drogheda ends: Oliver Cromwell's English Parliamentarian troops take the town and execute its garrison.
• 1697 – Battle of Zenta.
• 1708 – Charles XII of Sweden stops his march to conquer Moscow outside Smolensk, marking the turning point in the Great Northern War. The army is defeated nine months later in the Battle of Poltava, and the Swedish Empire ceases to be a major power.
• 1709 – Battle of Malplaquet: Great Britain, Netherlands and Austria fight against France.
• 1714 – Siege of Barcelona: Barcelona, capital city of Catalonia, surrenders to Spanish and French Bourbon armies in the War of the Spanish Succession.
• 1758 – Battle of Saint Cast: France repels British invasion during the Seven Years' War.
• 1775 – Benedict Arnold's expedition to Quebec leaves Cambridge, Massachusetts.
• 1776 – British–American peace conference on Staten Island fails to stop nascent American Revolutionary War.
• 1777 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Brandywine: The British celebrate a major victory in Chester County, Pennsylvania.
• 1786 – The beginning of the Annapolis Convention.
• 1789 – Alexander Hamilton is appointed the first United States Secretary of the Treasury.
• 1792 – The Hope Diamond is stolen along with other French crown jewels when six men break into the house where they are stored.
• 1802 – France annexes the Kingdom of Piedmont.
• 1803 – Battle of Delhi, during the Second Anglo-Maratha War, between British troops under General Lake, and Marathas of Scindia's army under General Louis Bourquin.
• 1813 – War of 1812: British troops arrive in Mount Vernon and prepare to march to and invade Washington, D.C..
• 1814 – War of 1812: The climax of the Battle of Plattsburgh, a major United States victory in the war.
• 1826 – Captain William Morgan is arrested in Batavia, New York for debt. This sets into motion the events that lead to his mysterious disappearance.
• 1829 – Surrender of the expedition led by Isidro Barradas at Tampico, sent by the Spanish crown in order to retake Mexico. This was the consummation of Mexico's campaign for independence.
• 1830 – Anti-Masonic Party convention; one of the first American political party conventions.
• 1847 – Stephen Foster's song "Oh! Susanna" is first performed at a saloon in Pittsburgh.
• 1851 – Christiana Resistance: Escaped slaves stand against their former owner in armed resistance in Christiana, Pennsylvania, creating a rallying cry for the abolitionist movement.
• 1852 – The State of Buenos Aires secedes from the Argentine Federal government, rejoining on September 17, 1861. Several places are named Once de Septiembre after this event.
• 1857 – The Mountain Meadows massacre: Mormon settlers and Paiutes massacre 120 pioneers at Mountain Meadows, Utah.
• 1893 – Parliament of the World's Religions opens in Chicago, where Swami Vivekananda delivers his speech on fanaticism, tolerance and the truth inherent in all religions.
• 1897 – After months of pursuit, generals of Menelik II of Ethiopia capture Gaki Sherocho, the last king of Kaffa, bringing an end to that ancient kingdom.
• 1903 – The first race at the Milwaukee Mile in West Allis, Wisconsin is held. It is the oldest major speedway in the world.
• 1914 – Australia invades New Britain, defeating a German contingent at the Battle of Bita Paka.
• 1916 – The Quebec Bridge's central span collapses, killing 11 men. The bridge previously collapsed completely on August 29, 1907.
• 1919 – U.S. Marines invade Honduras.
• 1921 – Nahalal, the first moshav in Palestine, is settled as part of a Zionist plan to colonize Palestine and creating a Jewish state, later to be Israel.
• 1922 – The Treaty of Kars is ratified in Yerevan, Armenia.
• 1922 – One of the Herald Sun of Melbourne, Australia's predecessor papers The Sun News-Pictorial is founded.
• 1931 – Salvatore Maranzano is murdered by Lucky Luciano's hitmen.
• 1932 – Franciszek Żwirko and Stanisław Wigura, Polish Challenge 1932 winners, are killed when their RWD 6 airplane crashes during a storm.
• 1939 – World War II: Canada declares war on Germany, the country's first independent declaration of war
• 1940 – George Stibitz performs the first remote operation of a computer.
• 1941 – Ground is broken for the construction of The Pentagon.
• 1941 – Charles Lindbergh's Des Moines Speech accusing the British, Jews and the Roosevelt administration of pressing for war with Germany.
• 1943 – World War II: German troops occupy Corsica and Kosovo-Metohija.
• 1943 – World War II: Start of the liquidation of the Ghettos in Minsk and Lida by the Nazis.
• 1944 – World War II: The first Allied troops of the U.S. Army cross the western border of Germany.
• 1944 – World War II: RAF bombing raid on Darmstadt and the following firestorm kill 11,500.
• 1945 – World War II: Australian 9th Division forces liberate the Japanese-run Batu Lintang camp, a POW and civilian internment camp on the island of Borneo.
• 1954 – Hurricane Edna hits New England as a Category 3 hurricane, causing significant damage and 29 deaths.
• 1961 – Hurricane Carla strikes the Texas coast as a Category 4 hurricane, the second strongest storm ever to hit the state.
• 1965 – Indo-Pakistani War: The Indian Army captures the town of Burki, just southeast of Lahore.
• 1968 – Air France Flight 1611 crashes off Nice, France, killing 89 passengers and six crew.
• 1968 – The International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) was found.
• 1970 – The Dawson's Field hijackers release 88 of their hostages. The remaining hostages, mostly Jews and Israeli citizens, are held until September 25.
• 1971 – The Egyptian Constitution becomes official.
• 1972 – The San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit system begins passenger service.
• 1973 – A coup in Chile headed by General Augusto Pinochet topples the democratically elected president Salvador Allende. Pinochet exercises dictatorial power until ousted in a referendum in 1988, staying in power until 1990.
• 1974 – Eastern Air Lines Flight 212 crashes in Charlotte, North Carolina, killing 69 passengers and two crew.
• 1976 – A group of Croatian nationalists plant a bomb in a coin locker at Grand Central Terminal. After stating political demands, they reveal the location and provided instructions for disarming the bomb. The disarming operation are not executed properly and the bomb explodes, killing one NYPD bomb squad specialist.
• 1978 – Janet Parker is the last person to die of smallpox, in a laboratory-associated outbreak.
• 1980 – Voters approve a new Constitution of Chile, later amended after the departure of president Pinochet.
• 1982 – The international forces that were guaranteeing the safety of Palestinian refugees following Israel's 1982 Invasion of Lebanon leave Beirut. Five days later, several thousand refugees are massacred in the Sabra and Shatila refugee camps.
• 1985 – Pete Rose breaks Ty Cobb's baseball record for most career hits with his 4,192nd hit.
• 1988 – The St. Jean Bosco massacre takes place in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
• 1989 – Hungary announces that the East German refugees who had been housed in temporary camps were free to leave for West Germany.
• 1992 – Hurricane Iniki, one of the most damaging hurricanes in United States history, devastates the Hawaiian islands of Kauai and Oahu.
• 1997 – NASA's Mars Global Surveyor reaches Mars.
• 1997 – After a nationwide referendum, Scotland votes to establish a devolved parliament within the United Kingdom.
• 1997 – Fourteen Estonian soldiers die in the Kurkse tragedy, drowning in the Baltic Sea.
• 1998 – Opening ceremony for the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Malaysia is the first Asian country to host the games.
• 2000 – Melbourne hosts World Economic Forum where S11 protests also take place.
• 2001 – Two hijacked aircraft crash into the World Trade Center in New York City, while a third smashes into The Pentagon in Arlington County, Virginia, and a fourth into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania, in a series of coordinated suicide attacks by 19 members of al-Qaeda. In total 2,996 people are killed.
• 2007 – Russia tests the largest conventional weapon ever, the Father of All Bombs.
• 2012 – A total of 315 people are killed in two garment factory fires in Pakistan.
• 2012 – The U.S. embassy in Benghazi, Libya is attacked, resulting in four deaths.
• 2013 – A 400 km long human chain called Catalan Way is organized by the Assemblea Nacional Catalana for the independence of Catalonia

Births

• 1182 – Minamoto no Yoriie, Japanese shogun (d. 1204)
• 1476 – Louise of Savoy (d. 1531)
• 1522 – Ulisse Aldrovandi, Italian ornithologist and botanist (d. 1605)
• 1524 – Pierre de Ronsard, French poet (d. 1585)
• 1525 – John George, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1598)
• 1611 – Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne, French general (d. 1675)
• 1681 – Johann Gottlieb Heineccius, German academic and jurist (d. 1741)
• 1700 – James Thomson, Scottish poet and playwright (d. 1748)
• 1711 – William Boyce, English composer (d. 1779)
• 1723 – Johann Bernhard Basedow, German author and educator (d. 1790)
• 1751 – Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Meiningen (d. 1827)
• 1764 – Valentino Fioravanti, Italian organist and composer (d. 1837)
• 1771 – Mungo Park, Scottish surgeon and explorer (d. 1806)
• 1786 – Friedrich Kuhlau, German-Danish pianist and composer (d. 1832)
• 1798 – Franz Ernst Neumann, German mineralogist and physicist (d. 1895)
• 1800 – Daniel S. Dickinson, American lawyer and politician, 13th Lieutenant Governor of New York (d. 1866)
• 1816 – Carl Zeiss, German lens maker, created the Optical instrument (d. 1888)
• 1825 – Eduard Hanslick, Bohemian-Austrian musicologist and critic (d. 1904)
• 1836 – Fitz Hugh Ludlow, American journalist, author, and explorer (d. 1870)
• 1838 – John Ireland, American archbishop (d. 1918)
• 1847 – Mary Watson Whitney, American astronomer (d. 1921)
• 1859 – Vjenceslav Novak, Croatian author and playwright (d. 1905)
• 1860 – James Allan, New Zealand rugby player (d. 1934)
• 1861 – Juhani Aho, Finnish author and journalist (d. 1921)
• 1862 – Julian Byng, 1st Viscount Byng of Vimy, English field marshal and politician, 12th Governor General of Canada (d. 1935)
• 1862 – Hawley Harvey Crippen, American physician (d. 1910)
• 1862 – O. Henry, American pharmacist and author (d. 1910)
• 1864 – Draga Mašin, Serbian wife of Alexander I of Serbia (d. 1903)
• 1865 – Rainis, Latvian poet and playwright (d. 1929)
• 1871 – Scipione Borghese, 10th Prince of Sulmona, Italian race car driver, mountaineer, and politician (d. 1927)
• 1876 – Stan Rowley, Australian sprinter (d. 1924)
• 1877 – Felix Dzerzhinsky, Polish-Russian politician (d. 1926)
• 1877 – James Hopwood Jeans, English physicist, astronomer, and mathematician (d. 1946)
• 1879 – Louis Coatalen, French engineer (d. 1962)
• 1883 – Emil Rausch, German swimmer (d. 1954)
• 1884 – Sudhamoy Pramanick, Indian independence activist(d. 1974)
• 1885 – D. H. Lawrence, English author, poet, playwright, and critic (d. 1930)
• 1885 – Herbert Stothart, American composer and conductor (d. 1949)
• 1886 – Lars Tvinde, Norwegian actor (d. 1973)
• 1891 – William Thomas Walsh, American historian, author, and educator (d. 1949)
• 1892 – Lucien Buysse, Belgian cyclist (d. 1980)
• 1892 – Pinto Colvig, American actor, singer, and animator (d. 1967)
• 1893 – Douglas Hawkes, English-Greek race car driver (d. 1974)
• 1894 – William von Wirén, Estonian sailor (d. 1956)
• 1895 – Vinoba Bhave, Indian philosopher and activist (d. 1982)
• 1895 – Nur Ali Elahi, Iranian jurist and philosopher (d. 1974)
• 1898 – Gerald Templer, English field marshal and politician, British High Commissioner in Malaya (d. 1979)
• 1899 – Philipp Bouhler, German politician (d. 1945)
• 1899 – Jimmie Davis, American singer-songwriter and politician, 47th Governor of Louisiana (d. 2000)
• 1899 – Anton Koolmann, Estonian wrestler and coach (d. 1953)
• 1900 – D. W. Brooks, American farmer and businessman, founded Gold Kist (d. 1999)
• 1902 – Barbecue Bob, American singer and guitarist (d. 1931)
• 1903 – Theodor Adorno, German sociologist and philosopher (d. 1969)
• 1903 – Stephen Etnier, American painter (d. 1984)
• 1904 – Karl Plutus, Estonian lawyer and jurist (d. 2010)
• 1907 – Lev Oborin, Russian pianist and educator (d. 1974)
• 1908 – Alvar Lidell, English journalist (d. 1981)
• 1911 – Bola de Nieve, Cuban singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1971)
• 1913 – Bear Bryant, American football player and coach (d. 1983)
• 1913 – Jacinto Convit, Venezuelan physician and academic (d. 2014)
• 1914 – Ralph Clanton, American actor (d. 2002)
• 1914 – Patriarch Pavle of Serbia (d. 2009)
• 1916 – Ed Sabol, American film producer, co-founded NFL Films (d. 2015)
• 1917 – Donald Blakeslee, American colonel and pilot (d. 2008)
• 1917 – Kenkichi Iwasawa, Japanese mathematician (d. 1998)
• 1917 – Herbert Lom, Czech-English actor (d. 2012)
• 1917 – Ferdinand Marcos, Filipino soldier, lawyer, and politician, 10th President of the Philippines (d. 1989)
• 1917 – Jessica Mitford, English-American journalist and author (d. 1996)
• 1917 – Daniel Wildenstein, French art dealer and horse breeder (d. 2001)
• 1921 – Leaford Bearskin, American tribal leader and colonel (d. 2012)
• 1921 – Edwin Richfield, English actor and screenwriter (d. 1990)
• 1923 – Alan Badel, English actor (d. 1982)
• 1923 – Betsy Drake, French-American actress and singer
• 1923 – Vasilije Mokranjac, Serbian composer (d. 1984)
• 1924 – Daniel Akaka, American soldier, engineer, and politician
• 1924 – Tom Landry, American football player and coach (d. 2000)
• 1924 – Rudolf Vrba, Czech-Canadian holocaust survivor and educator (d. 2006)
• 1925 – Yiye Ávila, Puerto Rican evangelist and author (d. 2013)
• 1925 – Alan Bergman, American songwriter
• 1925 – Harry Somers, Canadian composer (d. 1999)
• 1926 – Eddie Miksis, American baseball player (d. 2005)
• 1927 – Vernon Corea, Sri Lankan-English radio host (d. 2002)
• 1927 – Christine King Farris, American educator and author
• 1927 – G. David Schine, American soldier and businessman (d. 1996)
• 1928 – Reubin Askew, American sergeant, lawyer, and politician, 37th Governor of Florida (d. 2014)
• 1928 – Earl Holliman, American actor
• 1928 – William X. Kienzle, American priest and author (d. 2001)
• 1929 – Luis García, Venezuelan baseball player and manager (d. 2014)
• 1929 – Primož Kozak, Slovenian playwright (d. 1981)
• 1929 – Patrick Mayhew, Baron Mayhew of Twysden, English lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
• 1930 – Cathryn Damon, American actress (d. 1987)
• 1930 – Jean-Claude Forest, French author and illustrator (d. 1998)
• 1930 – Renzo Montagnani, Italian actor (d. 1997)
• 1930 – Saleh Selim, Egyptian footballer, manager, and actor (d. 2002)
• 1931 – John Reger, American football player (d. 2013)
• 1931 – Bill Simpson, Scottish actor (d. 1986)
• 1931 – Hans-Ulrich Wehler, German historian and academic (d. 2014)
• 1932 – Peter Anderson, English footballer
• 1933 – Margaret Booth, English judge
• 1933 – William Luther Pierce, American author and activist (d. 2002)
• 1934 – Ian Abercrombie, English-American actor (d. 2012)
• 1934 – Norma Croker, Australian sprinter
• 1934 – Oliver Jones, Canadian pianist and composer
• 1935 – Arvo Pärt, Estonian composer
• 1935 – Gherman Titov, Russian general, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2000)
• 1936 – Roger Barkley, American radio personality (d. 1997)
• 1936 – Pavel Landovský, Czech actor, director, and playwright (d. 2014)
• 1937 – Robert Crippen, American captain, pilot, and astronaut
• 1937 – Joseph Kobzon, Ukrainian-Russian singer
• 1937 – Queen Paola of Belgium
• 1938 – David Higgins, English composer and conductor (d. 2006)
• 1938 – Brian F. G. Johnson, chemist
• 1939 – Charles Geschke, American businessman, co-founded Adobe Systems
• 1940 – Brian De Palma, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1940 – Nông Đức Mạnh, Vietnamese politician
• 1940 – Thomas K. McCraw, American historian and author (d. 2012)
• 1940 – Theodore Olson, American lawyer and politician, United States Solicitor General
• 1940 – Robert Palmer, American businessman, co-founded Mostek
• 1941 – Paul Cole, English horse trainer
• 1942 – Lola Falana, American actress, singer, and dancer
• 1942 – Gerome Ragni, American actor, playwright, and composer (d. 1991)
• 1943 – André Caillé, Canadian chemist and businessman
• 1943 – Jack Ely, American singer and guitarist (The Kingsmen) (d. 2015)
• 1943 – Mickey Hart, American drummer (Grateful Dead, The Other Ones, The Dead, and Rhythm Devils)
• 1943 – Khun Htun Oo, Burmese politician
• 1943 – Brian Perkins, New Zealand-English journalist
• 1943 – Raymond Villeneuve, Canadian activist
• 1944 – Everaldo, Brazilian footballer (d. 1974)
• 1944 – Freddy Thielemans, Belgian educator and politician, Mayor of Brussels
• 1945 – Franz Beckenbauer, German footballer and manager
• 1945 – Gianluigi Gelmetti, Italian composer and conductor
• 1945 – Leo Kottke, American singer and guitarist
• 1945 – Felton Perry, American actor
• 1946 – Anthony Browne, English author and illustrator
• 1946 – Julie Covington, English singer and actress
• 1946 – John "Juke" Logan, American singer-songwriter and harmonica player (d. 2013)
• 1946 – Jim Shoulder, English footballer and manager
• 1946 – Dennis Tufano, American singer (The Buckinghams)
• 1947 – Bob Catley, English singer-songwriter (Magnum and Hard Rain)
• 1947 – Terry Rodgers, American painter, sculptor, and photographer
• 1948 – John Martyn, English-Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2009)
• 1949 – Roger Uttley, English rugby player and coach
• 1949 – Bill Whittington, American race car driver
• 1950 – Anne Dell, Australian biochemist and academic
• 1950 – Bruce Doull, Australian footballer
• 1950 – Leonora Linter, Russian-Estonian businessman and activist
• 1950 – Amy Madigan, American actress and singer
• 1950 – Barry Sheene, English motorcycle racer (d. 2003)
• 1951 – Miroslav Dvořák, Czech ice hockey player (d. 2008)
• 1951 – Richard D. Gill, English-Dutch mathematician and academic
• 1951 – Hugo Porta, Argentinian rugby player
• 1952 – Catherine Bott, English soprano
• 1953 – Jani Allan, English-South African journalist
• 1953 – Renée Geyer, Australian singer
• 1953 – Tommy Shaw, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Styx, Damn Yankees and Shaw Blades)
• 1953 – Michael Tavinor, English priest
• 1954 – Sinan Savaskan, English composer
• 1955 – Sharon Lamb, American psychologist and academic
• 1956 – Tony Gilroy, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1957 – Jon Moss, English drummer (Culture Club, London, and The Nips)
• 1957 – Jeff Sluman, American golfer
• 1958 – Roxann Dawson, American actress, director, and producer
• 1958 – Brad Lesley, American baseball player and actor (d. 2013)
• 1958 – Scott Patterson, American actor
• 1958 – Phoef Sutton, American screenwriter and producer
• 1959 – Andre Dubus III, American author and academic
• 1960 – Hiroshi Amano, Japanese physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1960 – Michael P. Leavitt, American soldier
• 1960 – Anne Ramsay, American actress
• 1960 – Ramón Vargas, Mexican tenor
• 1961 – Philip Ardagh, English author
• 1961 – Elizabeth Daily, American actress and singer
• 1961 – Virginia Madsen, American actress, singer, and producer
• 1961 – Samina Raja, Pakistani poet and educator (d. 2012)
• 1962 – Filip Dewinter, Belgian politician
• 1962 – Kristy McNichol, American actress and singer
• 1962 – Victoria Poleva, Ukrainian composer
• 1962 – Julio Salinas, Spanish footballer
• 1962 – Jenny Sanford, American banker and businesswoman
• 1963 – Dave Bidini, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist (Rheostatics)
• 1963 – Colin Wells, English actor
• 1964 – Ellis Burks, American baseball player and manager
• 1964 – Victor Wooten, American bass player, songwriter, and producer (Béla Fleck and the Flecktones, Vital Tech Tones, SMV, and Chick Corea Elektric Band)
• 1964 – Tonton Gutierrez, Filipino actor
• 1965 – Moby, American singer-songwriter and DJ (Vatican Commandos)
• 1965 – Bashar al-Assad, Syrian marshal and politician, 21st President of Syria
• 1965 – Paul Heyman, American wrestling promoter, manager, and journalist
• 1965 – Andrus Kajak, Estonian fencer
• 1965 – David Roe, English snooker player
• 1966 – Kiko, Princess Akishino of Japan
• 1967 – Maria Bartiromo, American journalist
• 1967 – Harry Connick, Jr., American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor
• 1967 – Tony David, Australian darts player
• 1967 – Sung Jae-gi, South Korean activist (d. 2013)
• 1967 – Arpad Miklos, Hungarian-American porn actor (d. 2013)
• 1967 – Charles Walker, English politician
• 1968 – Allan Alaküla, Estonian journalist
• 1968 – Paul Mayeda Berges, American director and screenwriter
• 1968 – Kay Hanley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Letters to Cleo)
• 1968 – Blade Thompson, American porn actor and director
• 1969 – Stefano Cagol, Italian photographer
• 1969 – Gidget Gein, American bass player (Marilyn Manson) (d. 2008)
• 1969 – Eduardo Pérez, American baseball player, manager, and sportscaster
• 1970 – Chris Garver, American tattoo artist
• 1970 – Taraji P. Henson, American actress and singer
• 1970 – William Joppy, American boxer
• 1970 – Taja Kramberger, Slovenian sociologist and poet
• 1970 – Ted Leo, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Citizens Arrest, Chisel, and Ted Leo and the Pharmacists)
• 1970 – Laura Wright, American actress
• 1971 – Richard Ashcroft, English singer-songwriter (The Verve and RPA & The United Nations of Sound)
• 1971 – Markos Moulitsas, American soldier, blogger, and author, founded Daily Kos
• 1971 – Shelton Quarles, American football player and scout
• 1972 – Matthew Gilmore, Belgian cyclist
• 1973 – In-Grid, Italian singer-songwriter and dancer
• 1974 – DeLisha Milton-Jones, American basketball player and coach
• 1975 – Juan Cobián, Argentinian footballer
• 1975 – Pierre Issa, South African footballer
• 1975 – Mark Klepaski, American bass player (Breaking Benjamin and Lifer)
• 1976 – Tomáš Enge, Czech race car driver
• 1976 – Elephant Man, Jamaican rapper and DJ
• 1976 – Flora Redoumi, Greek hurdler
• 1977 – Ludacris, American rapper, producer, and actor, founded Disturbing tha Peace Records
• 1977 – Jonny Buckland, English guitarist (Coldplay)
• 1977 – Matthew Stevens, Welsh snooker player
• 1977 – Tobias Zellner, German footballer
• 1978 – Ben Lee, Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (Noise Addict, The Bens, and Gerling)
• 1978 – Ed Reed, American football player
• 1978 – Dejan Stanković, Serbian footballer
• 1979 – Éric Abidal, French footballer
• 1979 – Leon Cort, English footballer
• 1979 – Frank Francisco, Dominican baseball player
• 1979 – Steve Hofstetter, American comedian, journalist, and author
• 1979 – David Pizarro, Chilean footballer
• 1979 – Ariana Richards, American actress and singer
• 1980 – Mike Comrie, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1980 – Dawit Kebede, Ethiopian journalist
• 1980 – Antônio Pizzonia, Brazilian race car driver
• 1981 – Andrea Dossena, Italian footballer
• 1981 – Charles Kelley, American singer-songwriter (Lady Antebellum)
• 1982 – Shriya Saran, Indian model and actress
• 1982 – Elvan Abeylegesse, Ethiopian-born Turkish middle and long-distance running athlete
• 1983 – Ike Diogu, American basketball player
• 1983 – Jacoby Ellsbury, American baseball player
• 1984 – Aled de Malmanche, New Zealand rugby player
• 1984 – Benson Stanley, New Zealand rugby player
• 1985 – Robert Acquafresca, Italian footballer
• 1985 – Shaun Livingston, American basketball player
• 1985 – Zack Stortini, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1986 – Ryann Donnelly, American singer-songwriter (Schoolyard Heroes)
• 1986 – Darvin Edwards, Saint Lucian high jumper
• 1986 – Dwayne Jarrett, American football player
• 1986 – Chise Nakamura, Japanese actress and model
• 1986 – Chiliboy Ralepelle, South African rugby player
• 1986 – Rhian Sugden, English model and actress
• 1987 – SoMo, American singer-songwriter
• 1987 – Aroldis Chapman, Cuban baseball player
• 1987 – Tyler Hoechlin, American actor
• 1987 – Mai Oshima, Japanese singer and actress (AKB48)
• 1987 – Meamea Thomas, I-Kiribati weightlifter (d. 2013)
• 1988 – Lee Yong-dae, South Korean badminton player
• 1988 – Mike Moustakas, American baseball player
• 1989 – Asuka Kuramochi, Japanese singer and actress (AKB48)
• 1989 – Michael J. Willett, American actor and singer
• 1990 – Henry Hopper, American actor
• 1990 – Jo Inge Berget, Norwegian footballer
• 1991 – Jordan Ayew, Ghanan footballer
• 1991 – Anastasia Rybachenko, Russian activist
• 1992 – Jonathan Adams, English discus thrower
• 1992 – Hayato Isomura, Japanese actor

Deaths

• 883 – Kesta Styppiotes, Byzantine general
• 1063 – Béla I of Hungary (b. 1016)
• 1161 – Melisende, Queen of Jerusalem (b. 1105)
• 1185 – Stephen Hagiochristophorites, Byzantine courtier (b. 1130)
• 1279 – Robert Kilwardby, English cardinal (b. 1215)
• 1298 – Philip of Artois (b. 1269)
• 1349 – Bonne of Bohemia (b. 1315)
• 1599 – Beatrice Cenci, Italian murderer (b. 1577)
• 1677 – James Harrington, English philosopher and author (b. 1611)
• 1680 – Roger Crab, English soldier and doctor (b. 1621)
• 1680 – Emperor Go-Mizunoo of Japan (b. 1596)
• 1721 – Rudolf Jakob Camerarius, German botanist and physician (b. 1665)
• 1733 – François Couperin, French organist and composer (b. 1668)
• 1760 – Louis Godin, French astronomer and academic (b. 1704)
• 1822 – Fortunat Alojzy Gonzaga Żółkowski, Polish actor (b. 1777)
• 1823 – David Ricardo, English economist and politician (b. 1772)
• 1843 – Joseph Nicollet, French mathematician and explorer (b. 1786)
• 1851 – Sylvester Graham, American minister and nutritionist (b. 1794)
• 1865 – Christophe Léon Louis Juchault de Lamoricière, French general (b. 1806)
• 1888 – Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, Argentinian journalist and politician, 7th President of Argentina (b. 1811)
• 1896 – Francis James Child, American scholar and educator (b. 1825)
• 1911 – Louis Henri Boussenard, French explorer and author (b. 1847)
• 1915 – William Sprague IV, American businessman and politician, 27th Governor of Rhode Island (b. 1830)
• 1915 – William Cornelius Van Horne, American-Canadian businessman (b. 1843)
• 1917 – Georges Guynemer, French captain and pilot (b. 1894)
• 1921 – Subramanya Bharathi, Indian journalist, poet, and activist (b. 1882)
• 1923 – Ole Østmo, Norwegian target shooter (b. 1866)
• 1926 – Matsunosuke Onoe, Japanese actor and director (b. 1875)
• 1932 – Stanisław Wigura, Polish pilot and businessman, co-founded the RWD Company (b. 1901)
• 1932 – Franciszek Żwirko, Polish soldier and pilot (b. 1895)
• 1935 – Charles Norris, American coroner (b. 1867)
• 1937 – Nazmi Ziya Güran, Turkish Impressionist painter and art teacher (b. 1881)
• 1939 – Konstantin Korovin, Russian-French painter and set designer (b. 1861)
• 1941 – Christian Rakovsky, Bulgarian physician, journalist, and politician, Soviet Ambassador to France (b. 1873)
• 1947 – Alice Keppel, Scottish mistress of Edward VII (b. 1868)
• 1948 – Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Pakistani lawyer and politician, 1st Governor-General of Pakistan (b. 1876)
• 1949 – Henri Rabaud, French composer and conductor (b. 1873)
• 1950 – Jan Smuts, South African field marshal and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of South Africa (b. 1870)
• 1952 – Alfrēds Riekstiņš, Latvian military officer and freedom fighter (d. 1913)
• 1956 – Billy Bishop, Canadian colonel and pilot (b. 1894)
• 1957 – James Burns, English cricketer (b. 1866)
• 1957 – Mary Proctor, American astronomer (b. 1862)
• 1958 – Camillien Houde, Canadian politician, 34th Mayor of Montreal (b. 1889)
• 1958 – Robert W. Service, English-French poet and author (b. 1874)
• 1959 – Paul Douglas, American actor (b. 1907)
• 1964 – Gajanan Madhav Muktibodh, Indian poet and critic (b. 1917)
• 1965 – Ralph C. Smedley, American educator, founded Toastmasters International (b. 1878)
• 1966 – Collett E. Woolman, American businessman, co-founded Delta Air Lines (b. 1889)
• 1967 – Tadeusz Żyliński, Polish engineer and academic (b. 1904)
• 1968 – René Cogny, French general (b. 1904)
• 1971 – Bella Darvi, Polish-Monacan actress (b. 1928)
• 1971 – Nikita Khrushchev, Russian general and politician (b. 1894)
• 1972 – Max Fleischer, American animator, director, and producer (b. 1883)
• 1973 – Salvador Allende, Chilean physician and politician, 29th President of Chile (b. 1908)
• 1973 – Neem Karoli Baba, Indian philosopher and guru
• 1974 – Lois Lenski, American author and illustrator (b. 1893)
• 1978 – Mike Gazella, American baseball player and manager (b. 1895)
• 1978 – Georgi Markov, Bulgarian author and playwright (b. 1929)
• 1978 – Janet Parker, English photographer (b. 1938)
• 1978 – Ronnie Peterson, Swedish race car driver (b. 1944)
• 1984 – Jerry Voorhis, American politician (b. 1901)
• 1985 – William Alwyn, English composer, conductor, and educator (b. 1905)
• 1985 – Eleanor Dark, Australian author (b. 1901)
• 1986 – Panagiotis Kanellopoulos, Greek academic and politician, 138th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1902)
• 1986 – Noel Streatfeild, English author (b. 1895)
• 1987 – Lorne Greene, Canadian-American actor and singer (b. 1915)
• 1987 – Peter Tosh, Jamaican singer-songwriter and guitarist (Bob Marley and the Wailers) (b. 1944)
• 1987 – Mahadevi Varma, Indian poet and educator (b. 1907)
• 1988 – Roger Hargreaves, English author and illustrator (b. 1935)
• 1988 – John Sylvester White, American actor (b. 1919)
• 1990 – Myrna Mack, Guatemalan anthropologist and activist (b. 1949)
• 1991 – Ernst Herbeck, Austrian-German poet (b. 1920)
• 1993 – Antoine Izméry, Haitian businessman and activist
• 1993 – Erich Leinsdorf, Austrian-American conductor (b. 1912)
• 1994 – William Obanhein, American police officer (b. 1924)
• 1994 – Jessica Tandy, English-American actress and singer (b. 1909)
• 1994 – Luciano Sgrizzi, Italian harpsichord player, pianist, and composer (b. 1910)
• 1995 – Anita Harding, English neurologist and academic (b. 1952)
• 1995 – Kieth O'dor, English race car driver (b. 1962)
• 1997 – Camille Henry, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1933)
• 1997 – Hannah Weiner, American poet (b. 1928)
• 1998 – Dane Clark, American actor and director (b. 1913)
• 1999 – Belkis Ayón, Cuban painter and lithographer (b. 1967)
• 1999 – Bobby Limb, Australian actor (b. 1924)
• 1999 – Gonzalo Rodríguez, Uruguayan race car driver (b. 1972)
• 2001 – Alice Stewart Trillin, American author and educator (b. 1938)
• 2001 – Casualties of the September 11 attacks:
  • David Angell, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1946)
  • Mohamed Atta, Egyptian terrorist, hijacker of American Airlines Flight 11 (b. 1968)
  • Garnet Bailey, Canadian-American ice hockey player (b. 1948)
  • Todd Beamer, American passenger on United Airlines Flight 93 (b. 1968)
  • Berry Berenson, American photographer, actress, and model (b. 1948)
  • Carolyn Beug, American director and producer (b. 1952)
  • Bill Biggart, American photographer and journalist (b. 1947)
  • Mark Bingham, American businessman (b. 1970)
  • Ronald Paul Bucca, American fire marshal (b. 1954)
  • Charles Burlingame, American captain and pilot (b. 1949)
  • Tom Burnett, American businessman (b. 1963)
  • William M. Feehan, American firefighter (b. 1929)
  • Wilson Flagg, American admiral (b. 1938)
  • Peter J. Ganci, Jr., American firefighter (b. 1946)
  • Ahmed al-Ghamdi, Saudi Arabian terrorist, hijacker of United Airlines Flight 175 (b. 1979)
  • Hamza al-Ghamdi, Saudi Arabian terrorist, hijacker of United Airlines Flight 175 (b. 1980)
  • Hani Hanjour, Saudi Arabian terrorist, hijacker–pilot of American Airlines Flight 77 (b. 1972)
  • Nawaf al-Hazmi, Saudi Arabian terrorist, hijacker of American Airlines Flight 77 (b. 1976)
  • Salem al-Hazmi, Saudi Arabian terrorist, hijacker of American Airlines Flight 77 (b. 1981)
  • Ziad Jarrah, Lebanese terrorist, hijacker of United Airlines Flight 93 (b. 1975)
  • Mychal Judge, American priest (b. 1933)
  • Daniel M. Lewin, American mathematician and businessman, co-founded Akamai Technologies (b. 1970)
  • Timothy Maude, American general (b. 1947)
  • Eamon McEneaney, American lacrosse player and poet (b. 1954)
  • Khalid al-Mihdhar, Saudi Arabian terrorist, hijacker of American Airlines Flight 77 (b. 1975)
  • Majed Moqed, Saudi Arabian terrorist, hijacker of American Airlines Flight 77 (b. 1977)
  • John P. O'Neill, American FBI agent (b. 1952)
  • John Ogonowski, American pilot (b. 1951)
  • Barbara Olson, American lawyer and journalist (b. 1955)
  • Abdulaziz al-Omari, Saudi Arabian terrorist, hijacker of American Airlines Flight 11 (b. 1979)
  • Betty Ong, American flight attendant (b. 1956)
  • Rick Rescorla, American colonel (b. 1939)
  • Marwan al-Shehhi, Emirati terrorist, hijacker–pilot of United Airlines Flight 175 (b. 1978)
  • Wail al-Shehri, Saudi Arabian terrorist, hijacker of American Airlines Flight 11 (b. 1973)
  • Madeline Amy Sweeney, American flight attendant (b. 1966)
• 2002 – Kim Hunter, American actress (b. 1922)
• 2002 – Johnny Unitas, American football player and sportscaster (b. 1933)
• 2002 – David Wisniewski, American author and illustrator (b. 1953)
• 2003 – Anna Lindh, Swedish politician, 39th Minister of Foreign Affairs for Sweden (b. 1957)
• 2003 – John Ritter, American actor and producer (b. 1948)
• 2004 – Fred Ebb, American songwriter (b. 1933)
• 2004 – David Mann, American painter and illustrator (b. 1939)
• 2004 – Patriarch Peter VII of Alexandria (b. 1949)
• 2005 – Al Casey, American guitarist (b. 1915)
• 2005 – Chris Schenkel, American sportscaster (b. 1923)
• 2006 – William Auld, Scottish poet and author (b. 1924)
• 2006 – Pat Corley, American actor (b. 1930)
• 2006 – Joachim Fest, German journalist and author (b. 1926)
• 2006 – Johannes Bob van Benthem, Dutch lawyer (b. 1921)
• 2007 – Ian Porterfield, Scottish-English footballer and manager (b. 1946)
• 2007 – Gene Savoy, American explorer, theologian, and author (b. 1927)
• 2007 – Jean Séguy, French sociologist and author (b. 1925)
• 2007 – Joe Zawinul, Austrian keyboard player and songwriter (Weather Report) (b. 1932)
• 2009 – Gertrude Baines, American super-centenarian (b. 1894)
• 2009 – Pierre Cossette, Canadian producer and manager (b. 1923)
• 2009 – Larry Gelbart, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1928)
• 2009 – Yoshito Usui, Japanese author and illustrator (b. 1958)
• 2010 – Harold Gould, American actor and singer (b. 1923)
• 2010 – Kevin McCarthy, American actor (b. 1914)
• 2010 – Taavi Peetre, Estonian shot putter (b. 1983)
• 2011 – Christian Bakkerud, Danish race car driver (b. 1984)
• 2011 – Ralph Gubbins, English footballer (b. 1932)
• 2011 – Anjali Gupta, Indian soldier and pilot (b. 1975)
• 2011 – Andy Whitfield, Welsh-Australian actor (b. 1972)
• 2012 – Finn Bergesen, Norwegian civil servant and businessman (b. 1945)
• 2012 – Rein Etruk, Estonian chess player (b. 1938)
• 2012 – Tomas Evjen, Norwegian cinematographer and producer (b. 1972)
• 2012 – Tony Goldman, American real estate developer and arts visionary (b. 1943)
• 2012 – Sergio Livingstone, Chilean footballer and sportscaster (b. 1920)
• 2012 – Manuel Salvat Dalmau, Spanish publisher (b. 1925)
• 2012 – Sean Smith, American diplomat (b. 1978)
• 2012 – J. Christopher Stevens, American lawyer and diplomat, 10th United States Ambassador to Libya (b. 1960)
• 2013 – Marshall Berman, American philosopher, author, and critic (b. 1940)
• 2013 – Francisco Chavez, Filipino lawyer and politician, Solicitor-General of the Philippines (b. 1947)
• 2013 – Keith Dunstan, American-Australian journalist and author (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Jimmy Fontana, Italian singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1934)
• 2013 – Albert Jacquard, French geneticist and biologist (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Prince Jazzbo, Jamaican DJ and producer (b. 1951)
• 2013 – Virgil A. Richard, American general (b. 1937)
• 2013 – Andrzej Trybulec, Polish mathematician and computer scientist (b. 1941)
• 2014 – Bob Crewe, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Antoine Duhamel, French composer and conductor (b. 1925)
• 2014 – Kendall Francois, American serial killer (b. 1971)
• 2014 – Joachim Fuchsberger, German actor and television host (b. 1927)
• 2014 – Hamish McHamish, Scottish cat (b. 1999)
• 2014 – Donald Sinden, English actor and singer (b. 1923)