[edit]

• 33 BC – Lucius Marcius Philippus, step-brother to the future emperor Augustus, celebrates a triumph for his victories while serving as governor in one of the provinces of Hispania.
• 395 – Emperor Arcadius marries Aelia Eudoxia, daughter of the Frankish general Flavius Bauto. She becomes one of the more powerful Roman empresses of Late Antiquity.
• 629 – Shahrbaraz is crowned as king of the Sasanian Empire.
• 711 – Islamic conquest of Hispania: Moorish troops led by Tariq ibn-Ziyad land at Gibraltar to begin their invasion of the Iberian Peninsula (Al-Andalus).
• 1296 – First War of Scottish Independence: John Balliol's Scottish army is defeated by an English army commanded by John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey at the Battle of Dunbar.
• 1509 – Pope Julius II places the Italian state of Venice under interdict.
• 1521 – Battle of Mactan: Explorer Ferdinand Magellan is killed by natives in the Philippines led by chief Lapu-Lapu.
• 1522 – Combined forces of Spain and the Papal States defeat a French and Venetian army at the Battle of Bicocca.
• 1539 – Re-founding of the city of Bogotá, New Granada (now Colombia), by Nikolaus Federmann and Sebastián de Belalcázar.
• 1565 – Cebu is established becoming the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines.
• 1578 – Duel of the Mignons claims the lives of two favourites of Henry III of France and two favorites of Henry I, Duke of Guise.
• 1595 – The relics of Saint Sava are incinerated in Belgrade by the Ottomans, where today the largest Orthodox church building in the world stands
• 1650 – The Battle of Carbisdale: A Royalist army from Orkney invades mainland Scotland but is defeated by a Covenanter army.
• 1667 – The blind and impoverished John Milton sells the copyright of Paradise Lost for £10.
• 1749 – First performance of George Frideric Handel's Music for the Royal Fireworks in Green Park, London.
• 1777 – American Revolutionary War: The Battle of Ridgefield: A British invasion force engages and defeats Continental Army regulars and militia irregulars at Ridgefield, Connecticut.
• 1805 – First Barbary War: United States Marines and Berbers attack the Tripolitan city of Derna (The "shores of Tripoli" part of the Marines' hymn).
• 1810 – Beethoven composes Für Elise.
• 1813 – War of 1812: American troops capture the capital of Upper Canada in the Battle of York (present day Toronto, Canada).
• 1840 – Foundation stone for new Palace of Westminster, London, is laid by wife of Sir Charles Barry.
• 1861 – American President Abraham Lincoln suspends the writ of habeas corpus.
• 1865 – The New York State Senate creates Cornell University as the state's land grant institution.
• 1865 – The steamboat Sultana, carrying 2,400 passengers, explodes and sinks in the Mississippi River, killing 1,800, most of whom are Union survivors of the Andersonville and Cahaba Prisons.
• 1904 – The Australian Labor Party becomes the first such party to gain national government, under Chris Watson.
• 1909 – Sultan of Ottoman Empire Abdul Hamid II is overthrown, and is succeeded by his brother, Mehmed V.
• 1911 – Following the resignation and death of William P. Frye, a compromise is reached to rotate the office of President pro tempore of the United States Senate.
• 1914 – Honduras becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
• 1927 – Carabineros de Chile (Chilean national police force and gendarmery) are created.
• 1936 – The United Auto Workers (UAW) gains autonomy from the American Federation of Labor.
• 1941 – World War II: German troops enter Athens.
• 1941 – World War II: The Communist Party of Slovenia, the Slovene Christian Socialists, the left-wing Slovene Sokols (also known as "National Democrats") and a group of progressive intellectuals establish the Liberation Front of the Slovenian People.
• 1945 – World War II: German troops are finally expelled from Finnish Lapland.
• 1945 – World War II: Benito Mussolini is arrested by Italian partisans in Dongo, while attempting escape disguised as a German soldier.
• 1950 – Apartheid: In South Africa, the Group Areas Act is passed formally segregating races.
• 1953 – Operation Moolah offers $50,000 to any pilot who defected with a fully mission-capable Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 to South Korea. The first pilot was to receive $100,000.
• 1960 – Togo gains independence from French-administered UN trusteeship.
• 1961 – Sierra Leone is granted its independence from the United Kingdom, with Milton Margai as the first Prime Minister.
• 1967 – Expo 67 officially opens in Montreal, Canada with a large opening ceremony broadcast around the world. It opens to the public the next day.
• 1974 – Ten thousand march in Washington, D.C., calling for the impeachment of U.S. President Richard Nixon
• 1977 – Twenty-eight people are killed in the Guatemala City air disaster.
• 1978 – Former United States President Nixon aide John D. Ehrlichman is released from an Arizona prison after serving 18 months for Watergate-related crimes.
• 1981 – Xerox PARC introduces the computer mouse.
• 1986 – The City of Prypiat as well as the surrounding areas are evacuated due to Chernobyl Disaster
• 1987 – The U.S. Department of Justice bars Austrian President Kurt Waldheim from entering the United States, saying he had aided in the deportation and execution of thousands of Jews and others as a German Army officer during World War II.
• 1989 – The April 27 Demonstration,a student-led protest responding to the April 26 Editorial, during the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989.
• 1992 – The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, comprising Serbia and Montenegro, is proclaimed.
• 1992 – Betty Boothroyd becomes the first woman to be elected Speaker of the British House of Commons in its 700-year history.
• 1992 – The Russian Federation and 12 other former Soviet republics become members of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.
• 1993 – All members of the Zambia national football team lose their lives in a plane crash off Libreville, Gabon en route to Dakar, Senegal to play a 1994 FIFA World Cup qualifying match against Senegal.
• 1994 – South African general election, 1994: The first democratic general election in South Africa, in which black citizens could vote. The Interim Constitution comes into force.
• 1996 – The 1996 Lebanon war ends.
• 2002 – The last successful telemetry from the NASA space probe Pioneer 10.
• 2005 – The superjumbo jet aircraft Airbus A380 makes its first flight from Toulouse, France.
• 2006 – Construction begins on the Freedom Tower for the new World Trade Center in New York City.
• 2007 – Estonian authorities remove the Bronze Soldier, a Soviet Red Army war memorial in Tallinn, amid political controversy with Russia.
• 2011 – The April 25–28, 2011 tornado outbreak devastates parts of the Southeastern United States, especially the states of Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, and Tennessee. 205 tornadoes touched down on April 27 alone, killing more than 300 and injuring hundreds more.
• 2012 – At least four explosions hit the Ukrainian city of Dnipropetrovsk with at least 27 people injured.
• 2014 – Popes John XXIII and John Paul II are declared saints in the first papal canonization since 1954.
• 2014 – A tornado outbreak over much of the eastern United States kills more than 45 people.

Births[edit]

• 1650 – Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1714)
• 1701 – Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia (d. 1773)
• 1718 – Thomas Lewis, Irish-American surveyor and lawyer (d. 1790)
• 1737 – Edward Gibbon, English historian and politician (d. 1794)
• 1748 – Adamantios Korais, Greek scholar (d. 1833)
• 1755 – Marc-Antoine Parseval, French mathematician (d. 1836)
• 1759 – Mary Wollstonecraft, English author and philosopher (d. 1797)
• 1791 – Samuel Morse, American painter and inventor, co-invented the Morse code (d. 1872)
• 1806 – Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies (d. 1878)
• 1812 – William W. Snow, American politician (d. 1886)
• 1812 – Friedrich von Flotow, German composer (d. 1883)
• 1820 – Herbert Spencer, English biologist, anthropologist, sociologist, and philosopher (d. 1903)
• 1822 – Ulysses S. Grant, American general and politician, 18th President of the United States (d. 1885)
• 1840 – Edward Whymper, English mountaineer (d. 1911)
• 1848 – Otto of Bavaria (d. 1916)
• 1850 – Hans Hartwig von Beseler, German general (d. 1921)
• 1853 – Jules Lemaître, French playwright and critic (d. 1914)
• 1857 – Theodor Kittelsen, Norwegian painter (d. 1914)
• 1862 – Rudolph Schildkraut, Turkish-American actor (d. 1930)
• 1866 – Maurice Raoul-Duval, French polo player (d. 1916)
• 1876 – Con Leahy, Irish jumper (d. 1921)
• 1878 – Frank Gotch, American wrestler (d. 1917)
• 1878 – John Rimmer, English runner (d. 1962)
• 1880 – Mihkel Lüdig, Estonian organist, composer, and conductor (d. 1958)
• 1882 – Jessie Redmon Fauset, American author and poet (d. 1961)
• 1887 – Warren Wood, American golfer (d. 1926)
• 1888 – Florence La Badie, Canadian actress (d. 1917)
• 1893 – Draža Mihailović, Serbian general (d. 1946)
• 1893 – Allen Sothoron, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 1939)
• 1894 – George Petty, American painter (d. 1975)
• 1894 – Nicolas Slonimsky, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1995)
• 1896 – Rogers Hornsby, American baseball player, coach, and manager (d. 1963)
• 1896 – William Hudson, New Zealand-Australian engineer (d. 1978)
• 1898 – Ludwig Bemelmans, Italian-American author and illustrator (d. 1962)
• 1899 – Walter Lantz, American animator, producer, screenwriter, and actor (d. 1994)
• 1900 – August Koern, Estonian politician and diplomat, Estonian Minister of Foreign Affairs in exile (d. 1989)
• 1902 – Tiemoko Garan Kouyaté, Malian educator and activist (d. 1942)
• 1903 – Horace Stoneham, American businessman (d. 1990)
• 1904 – Cecil Day-Lewis, Anglo-Irish poet and author (d. 1972)
• 1904 – Nikos Zachariadis, Greek politician (d. 1973)
• 1905 – John Kuck, American javelin thrower and shot putter (d. 1986)
• 1906 – Yórgos Theotokás, Greek author (d. 1966)
• 1910 – Chiang Ching-kuo, Chinese politician, 3rd President of the Republic of China (d. 1988)
• 1911 – Bruno Beger, German anthropologist (d. 2009)
• 1911 – Chris Berger, Dutch sprinter (d. 1965)
• 1912 – Jacques de Bourbon-Busset, French author and politician (d. 2001)
• 1912 – Zohra Sehgal, Indian actress, dancer, and choreographer (d. 2014)
• 1913 – Philip Abelson, American physicist (d. 2004)
• 1913 – Irving Adler, American mathematician and author (d. 2012)
• 1913 – Luz Long, German long jumper (d. 1943)
• 1916 – Robert Hugh McWilliams, Jr., American judge (d. 2013)
• 1916 – Enos Slaughter, American baseball player (d. 2002)
• 1917 – Roman Matsov, Estonian conductor (d. 2001)
• 1918 – Sten Rudholm, Swedish lawyer and jurist (d. 2008)
• 1920 – Guido Cantelli, Italian conductor (d. 1956)
• 1920 – Mark Krasnosel'skii, Ukrainian-Russian mathematician (d. 1997)
• 1920 – James Robert Mann, American colonel, lawyer, and politician (d. 2010)
• 1920 – Edwin Morgan, Scottish poet (d. 2010)
• 1921 – Robert Dhéry, French actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2004)
• 1921 – John Stott, English clergyman and theologian (d. 2011)
• 1922 – Martin Gray, Polish-French Holocaust survivor and author
• 1922 – Jack Klugman, American actor (d. 2012)
• 1922 – Sheila Scott, English aviatrix (d. 1988)
• 1924 – Vernon B. Romney, American lawyer and politician, 14th Attorney General of Utah (d. 2013)
• 1925 – Derek Chinnery, English broadcaster (d. 2015)
• 1926 – Tim LaHaye, American minister and author
• 1926 – Basil Paterson, American lawyer and politician (d. 2014)
• 1926 – Alan Reynolds, English painter
• 1927 – Tato Bores, Argentinian actor (d. 1996)
• 1927 – Charlie Fonville, American shot putter (d. 1994)
• 1927 – Connie Kay, American drummer (Modern Jazz Quartet) (d. 1994)
• 1927 – Coretta Scott King, American activist and author (d. 2006)
• 1927 – Joe Moakley, American politician (d. 2001)
• 1927 – Sheila Scott, English pilot (d. 1988)
• 1929 – Nina Ponomaryova, Russian discus thrower
• 1931 – Igor Oistrakh, Ukrainian violinist
• 1932 – Anouk Aimée, French actress
• 1932 – Pik Botha, South African politician
• 1932 – Maxine Brown, American singer (The Browns)
• 1932 – Casey Kasem, American radio host, producer, and actor, co-created American Top 40 (d. 2014)
• 1932 – Derek Minter, English motorcycle racer (d. 2015)
• 1932 – Gian-Carlo Rota, Italian-American mathematician and philosopher (d. 1999)
• 1933 – Peter Imbert, Baron Imbert, English police officer and politician, Lord Lieutenant for Greater London
• 1934 – Brennan Manning, American priest and author (d. 2013)
• 1934 – Jean Valentine, American poet
• 1935 – Theodoros Angelopoulos, Greek director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2012)
• 1935 – Ron Morris, American pole vaulter
• 1936 – Geoffrey Shovelton, English singer and illustrator
• 1937 – Sandy Dennis, American actress (d. 1992)
• 1937 – Robin Eames, Irish archbishop
• 1937 – Richard Perham, English biologist and academic
• 1938 – Earl Anthony, American bowler (d. 2001)
• 1938 – Alain Caron, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1986)
• 1939 – Judy Carne, English actress
• 1939 – Stanisław Dziwisz, Polish cardinal
• 1939 – Jerry Mercer, Canadian drummer (Mashmakhan and April Wine)
• 1941 – Jennings Michael Burch, American author (d. 2013)
• 1941 – Pat Choate, American economist
• 1941 – Lee Roy Jordan, American football player
• 1941 – Fethullah Gülen, Turkish preacher and former imam, writer
• 1942 – Ruth Glick, American author
• 1942 – Jim Keltner, American drummer (Traveling Wilburys, Plastic Ono Band, and Delaney & Bonnie and Friends)
• 1943 – Helmut Marko, Austrian race car driver
• 1944 – Stoker Cavendish, 12th Duke of Devonshire, English academic and politician
• 1944 – Michael Fish, English meteorologist
• 1944 – Cuba Gooding, Sr., American singer and actor (The Main Ingredient)
• 1944 – Herb Pedersen, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Desert Rose Band)
• 1945 – Martin Chivers, English footballer
• 1945 – Jack Deverell, English general
• 1945 – Helen Hodgman, Australian author
• 1945 – August Wilson, American author and playwright (d. 2005)
• 1946 – Franz Roth, German footballer
• 1946 – Nicholas Serota, English curator
• 1947 – G. K. Butterfield, American soldier, lawyer, and politician
• 1947 – Pete Ham, Welsh singer-songwriter and guitarist (Badfinger) (d. 1975)
• 1947 – Keith Magnuson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2003)
• 1947 – Ann Peebles, American singer-songwriter
• 1948 – Frank Abagnale, American businessman
• 1948 – Amrit Kumar Bohara, Nepalese politician
• 1948 – Josef Hickersberger, Austrian footballer, coach, and manager
• 1948 – Kate Pierson, American singer-songwriter and bass player (The B-52's and NiNa)
• 1948 – Si Robertson, American soldier and hunter
• 1949 – Grant Chapman, Australian politician
• 1950 – Paul Lockyer, Australian journalist (d. 2011)
• 1951 – Ace Frehley, American guitarist and songwriter (Kiss, Wicked Lester, and Frehley's Comet)
• 1952 – Larry Elder, American talk show host
• 1952 – George Gervin, American basketball player
• 1952 – Ari Vatanen, Finnish race car driver and politician
• 1953 – Arielle Dombasle, French-American singer, actress, and director
• 1954 – Frank Bainimarama, Fijian politician, 8th Prime Minister of Fiji
• 1954 – Herman Edwards, American football player, coach, and sportscaster
• 1955 – Gudrun Berend, German hurdler (d. 2011)
• 1955 – Eric Schmidt, American engineer and businessman
• 1956 – Bryan Harvey, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (House of Freaks) (d. 2006)
• 1956 – Bridget Kendall, English journalist
• 1956 – Kevin McNally, English actor
• 1956 – Douglas P., English-Australian singer, producer, and actor (Death in June and Crisis)
• 1956 – Jeff Probyn, English rugby player
• 1957 – Willie Upshaw, American baseball player
• 1959 – Sheena Easton, Scottish-American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
• 1959 – Louis Lortie, Canadian-German pianist
• 1959 – Marco Pirroni, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Adam and the Ants, Siouxsie and the Banshees, The Wolfmen, Rema Rema and Spear of Destiny)
• 1959 – Neil Pearson, English actor
• 1960 – Mike Krushelnyski, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1961 – Moana Pozzi, Italian pornographic actress, actress, television personality, model, politician and writer (d. 1994)
• 1961 – Andrew Schlafly, American lawyer and activist, founded Conservapedia
• 1962 – Ángel Comizzo, Argentinian footballer and manager
• 1962 – James LeGros, American actor
• 1962 – Choi Min-sik, South Korean actor
• 1962 – Seppo Räty, Finnish javelin thrower
• 1962 – Im Sang-soo, South Korean director and screenwriter
• 1962 – Andrew Selous, English soldier and politician
• 1963 – Russell T Davies, Welsh screenwriter and producer
• 1963 – Cali Timmins, Canadian actress
• 1964 – Michael Mahonen, Canadian actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1964 – Lisa Wilcox, American actress
• 1965 – Anna Chancellor, English actress
• 1966 – Vyacheslav Oliynyk, Ukrainian wrestler
• 1966 – Matt Reeves, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1966 – Yoshihiro Togashi, Japanese illustrator
• 1967 – Aki Avni, Israeli actor
• 1967 – Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands
• 1967 – Tommy Smith, Scottish saxophonist, composer, and educator
• 1967 – Erik Thomson, Scottish-New Zealand actor
• 1967 – Jason Whitlock, American journalist
• 1968 – Dana Milbank, American journalist
• 1969 – Cory Booker, American lawyer and politician
• 1969 – Darcey Bussell, English ballerina
• 1969 – Grahame Cheney, Australian boxer
• 1969 – Tess Daly, English model and television host
• 1969 – Vladimir Kozlov, Ukrainian-American wrestler and actor
• 1969 – Mica Paris, English singer and actress
• 1970 – Kylie Travis, English-Australian actress
• 1971 – Olari Elts, Estonian conductor
• 1971 – Shaan Shahid, Pakistani actor
• 1972 – Nigel Barker, English photographer and author
• 1972 – Almedin Civa, Bosnian footballer and coach
• 1972 – Mehmet Kurtuluş, Turkish-German actor
• 1972 – David Lascher, American actor
• 1972 – Maura West, American actress
• 1973 – Duško Adamović, Serbian footballer
• 1973 – Sharlee D'Angelo, Swedish bass player (Arch Enemy, Spiritual Beggars, King Diamond, Witchery, Sinergy, and Mercyful Fate)
• 1973 – Andre Gower, American actor
• 1973 – Sébastien Lareau, Canadian tennis player
• 1974 – Frank Catalanotto, American baseball player
• 1974 – Johnny Devine, Canadian wrestler
• 1974 – Richard Johnson, Australian footballer
• 1975 – Rabih Abdullah, American football player
• 1975 – Chris Carpenter, American baseball player
• 1975 – Pedro Feliz, Dominican baseball player
• 1976 – Isobel Campbell, Scottish singer-songwriter and cellist (Belle & Sebastian)
• 1976 – Sally Hawkins, English actress
• 1976 – Walter Pandiani, Uruguayan footballer
• 1976 – Faisal Saif, Indian director, screenwriter, and critic
• 1976 – Olaf Tufte, Norwegian rower
• 1977 – Khalid Zoubaa, French runner
• 1979 – Will Boyd, American bass player (Evanescence, American Princes, and The Visitors)
• 1979 – Natasha Chokljat, Australian netball player
• 1980 – Sybille Bammer, Austrian tennis player
• 1980 – Talitha Cummins, Australian journalist
• 1980 – Christian Lara, Ecuadorian footballer
• 1980 – Ananda Mikola, Indonesian race car driver
• 1980 – Jason Gainza, Filipino actor
• 1981 – Fabrizio Faniello, Maltese singer-songwriter
• 1981 – Joey Gathright, American baseball player
• 1981 – Patrik Gerrbrand, Swedish footballer
• 1982 – Katrina Johnson, American actress
• 1982 – François Parisien, Canadian cyclist
• 1982 – Alexander Widiker, German rugby player
• 1983 – Ari Graynor, American actress
• 1983 – Martin Viiask, Estonian basketball player
• 1984 – Pierre-Marc Bouchard, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1984 – Daniel Holdsworth, Australian rugby player
• 1984 – Patrick Stump, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Fall Out Boy and Arma Angelus)
• 1985 – José António de Miranda da Silva Júnior, Brazilian footballer
• 1985 – Meselech Melkamu, Ethiopian runner
• 1986 – Jenna Coleman, English actress
• 1986 – Elena Risteska, Macedonian singer-songwriter
• 1986 – Dinara Safina, Russian tennis player
• 1987 – Taylor Chorney, American ice hockey player
• 1987 – William Moseley, English actor
• 1987 – Elliott Shriane, Australian speed skater
• 1987 – Emma Taylor-Isherwood, Canadian actress
• 1988 – Kris Thackray, English footballer
• 1988 – Semyon Varlamov, Russian ice hockey player
• 1989 – Lars Bender, German footballer
• 1989 – Sven Bender, German footballer
• 1989 – Maksym Bilyi, Ukrainian footballer (d. 2013)
• 1989 – Dmytro Kozban, Ukrainian footballer
• 1989 – Emily Rios, American actress
• 1989 – Milagros Schmoll, Argentinian model
• 1990 – Austin Dillon, American race car driver
• 1990 – Erik Keedus, Estonian basketball player
• 1990 – Martin Kelly, English footballer
• 1991 – Isaac Cuenca, Spanish footballer
• 1992 – Allison Iraheta, American singer-songwriter (Halo Circus)
• 1994 – Elmo Magalona, Filipino actor and singer

Deaths[edit]

• 630 – Ardashir III of Persia (b. 621)
• 1272 – Zita, Italian saint (b. 1212)
• 1404 – Philip the Bold, French son of John II of France (b. 1342)
• 1463 – Isidore of Kiev (b. 1385)
• 1521 – Ferdinand Magellan, Portuguese explorer (b. 1480)
• 1599 – Maeda Toshiie, Japanese general (b. 1538)
• 1605 – Pope Leo XI (b. 1535)
• 1613 – Robert Abercromby, Scottish priest and missionary (b. 1532)
• 1625 – Mōri Terumoto, Japanese warrior (b. 1553)
• 1656 – Jan van Goyen, Dutch painter (b. 1596)
• 1694 – John George IV, Elector of Saxony (b. 1668)
• 1695 – John Trenchard, English politician, Chief Justice of Chester (b. 1640)
• 1702 – Jean Bart, French admiral (b. 1651)
• 1782 – William Talbot, 1st Earl Talbot, English politician (b. 1710)
• 1813 – Zebulon Pike, American general and explorer (b. 1779)
• 1873 – William Macready, English actor (b. 1793)
• 1882 – Ralph Waldo Emerson, American poet (b. 1803)
• 1896 – Henry Parkes, English-Australian politician, 7th Premier of New South Wales (b. 1815)
• 1915 – John Labatt, Canadian businessman (b. 1838)
• 1915 – Alexander Scriabin, Russian pianist and composer (b. 1872)
• 1919 – Anton Irv, Estonian military commander (b. 1886)
• 1932 – Hart Crane, American poet (b. 1899)
• 1936 – Karl Pearson, English mathematician and academic (b. 1857)
• 1937 – Antonio Gramsci, Italian sociologist, linguist, and politician (b. 1891)
• 1938 – Edmund Husserl, Czech mathematician and philosopher (b. 1859)
• 1952 – Guido Castelnuovo, Italian mathematician (b. 1865)
• 1961 – Roy Del Ruth, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1893)
• 1962 – A. K. Fazlul Huq, Bangladeshi-Pakistani politician, Interior Minister of Pakistan (b. 1873)
• 1965 – Edward R. Murrow, American journalist (b. 1908)
• 1967 – William Douglas Cook, New Zealand farmer, founded the Eastwoodhill Arboretum (b. 1884)
• 1969 – René Barrientos, Bolivian politician, 55th President of Bolivia (b. 1919)
• 1970 – Arthur Shields, Irish-American actor (b. 1896)
• 1972 – Kwame Nkrumah, Ghanaian politician, 1st President of Ghana (b. 1909)
• 1973 – Carlos Menditeguy, Argentinian race car driver (b. 1914)
• 1977 – Stanley Adams, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1915)
• 1977 – Scott Bradley, American pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1891)
• 1979 – Celal Atik, Turkish sports wrestler and trainer (b. 1918)
• 1981 – Münir Nurettin Selçuk, Turkish tenor and actor (b. 1900)
• 1988 – Fred Bear, American hunter (b. 1902)
• 1988 – David Scarboro, English actor (b. 1968)
• 1989 – Konosuke Matsushita, Japanese businessman, founded Panasonic (b. 1894)
• 1992 – Olivier Messiaen, French organist and composer (b. 1908)
• 1992 – Gerard K. O'Neill, American physicist (b. 1927)
• 1995 – Willem Frederik Hermans, Dutch author (b. 1921)
• 1996 – William Colby, American diplomat, 10th Director of Central Intelligence (b. 1920)
• 1996 – Gilles Grangier, French director and screenwriter (b. 1911)
• 1998 – John Bassett, Canadian journalist (b. 1915)
• 1998 – Carlos Castaneda, Peruvian-American author (b. 1925)
• 1998 – Anne Desclos, French journalist and author (b. 1907)
• 1998 – Browning Ross, American runner (b. 1924)
• 1999 – Al Hirt, American trumpet player and bandleader (b. 1922)
• 1999 – Dale C. Thomson, Canadian historian and educator (b. 1923)
• 2000 – Vicki Sue Robinson, American actress and singer (b. 1954)
• 2002 – George Alec Effinger, American author (b. 1947)
• 2002 – Ruth Handler, American inventor and businesswoman, created the Barbie doll (b. 1916)
• 2002 – Baron Hans Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza, Dutch-Swiss businessman (b. 1921)
• 2005 – Red Horner, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1909)
• 2006 – Julia Thorne, American author (b. 1944)
• 2007 – Al Hunter Ashton, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1957)
• 2007 – Mstislav Rostropovich, Russian cellist and conductor (b. 1927)
• 2008 – Marios Tokas, Cypriot singer-songwriter (b. 1954)
• 2009 – Frankie Manning, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1914)
• 2009 – Feroz Khan, Indian actor, director, and producer (b. 1939)
• 2009 – Woo Seung-yeon, South Korean model and actress (b. 1983)
• 2011 – Marian Mercer, American actress and singer (b. 1935)
• 2012 – Daniel E. Boatwright, American politician (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Anatoly Lebed, Estonian-Russian colonel (b. 1963)
• 2012 – Harold Pupkewitz, Lithuanian-Namibian businessman (b. 1915)
• 2012 – Bill Skowron, American baseball player (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Aída Bortnik, Argentinian screenwriter (b. 1938)
• 2013 – Tony Byrne, Irish boxer (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Antonio Díaz Jurado, Spanish footballer (b. 1969)
• 2013 – Jérôme Louis Heldring, Dutch journalist (b. 1917)
• 2013 – Aloysius Jin Luxian, Chinese bishop (b. 1916)
• 2013 – Mutula Kilonzo, Kenyan lawyer and politician (b. 1948)
• 2014 – Yigal Arnon, Israeli lawyer, founded Yigal Arnon & Co. (b. 1929)
• 2014 – Vujadin Boškov, Serbian footballer, coach, and manager (b. 1931)
• 2014 – Daniel Colchico, American football player and coach (b. 1935)
• 2014 – Harry Firth, Australian race car driver and manager (b. 1918)
• 2014 – Andréa Parisy, French actress (b. 1935)
• 2014 – Turhan Tezol, Turkish basketball player (b. 1932)

[edit]

• 357 – Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victory over Magnus Magnentius.
• 1192 – Assassination of Conrad of Montferrat (Conrad I), King of Jerusalem, in Tyre, two days after his title to the throne is confirmed by election. The killing is carried out by Hashshashin.
• 1253 – Nichiren, a Japanese Buddhist monk, propounds Nam Myoho Renge Kyo for the very first time and declares it to be the essence of Buddhism, in effect founding Nichiren Buddhism.
• 1503 – The Battle of Cerignola is fought. It is noted as the first battle in history won by small arms fire using gunpowder.
• 1611 – Establishment of the Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic University of the Philippines, the largest Catholic university in the world.
• 1788 – Maryland becomes the seventh state to ratify the Constitution of the United States.
• 1789 – Mutiny on the Bounty: Lieutenant William Bligh and 18 sailors are set adrift and the rebel crew returns to Tahiti briefly and then sets sail for Pitcairn Island.
• 1792 – France invades the Austrian Netherlands (present day Belgium), beginning the French Revolutionary War.
• 1796 – The Armistice of Cherasco is signed by Napoleon Bonaparte and Vittorio Amedeo III, the King of Sardinia, expanding French territory along the Mediterranean coast.
• 1869 – Chinese and Irish laborers for the Central Pacific Railroad working on the First Transcontinental Railroad lay 10 miles of track in one day, a feat which has never been matched.
• 1881 – Billy the Kid escapes from the Lincoln County jail in Mesilla, New Mexico.
• 1887 – A week after being arrested by the Prussian Secret Police, Alsatian police inspector Guillaume Schnaebelé is released on order of German Emperor William I, defusing a possible war.
• 1910 – Frenchman Louis Paulhan wins the 1910 London to Manchester air race, the first long-distance aeroplane race in England.
• 1920 – Azerbaijan is added to the Soviet Union.
• 1930 – The first night game in organized baseball history takes place in Independence, Kansas.
• 1932 – A vaccine for yellow fever is announced for use on humans.
• 1944 – World War II: Nine German E-boats attacked US and UK units during Exercise Tiger, the rehearsal for the Normandy landings, killing 946.
• 1945 – Benito Mussolini and his mistress Clara Petacci are executed by a firing squad consisting of members of the Italian resistance movement.
• 1947 – Thor Heyerdahl and five crew mates set out from Peru on the Kon-Tiki to prove that Peruvian natives could have settled Polynesia.
• 1948 – Igor Stravinsky conducted the premier of his American ballet, Orpheus, in New York City at New York City Center.
• 1949 – Former First Lady of the Philippines Aurora Quezon, 61, is assassinated while en route to dedicate a hospital in memory of her late husband; her daughter and ten others are also killed.
• 1950 – Bhumibol Adulyadej marries Queen Sirikit after their quiet engagement in Lausanne, Switzerland on July 19, 1949.
• 1952 – Dwight D. Eisenhower resigns as Supreme Allied Commander of NATO.
• 1952 – Occupied Japan: The United States occupation of Japan ends as the Treaty of San Francisco, ratified September 8, 1951, comes into force.
• 1952 – The Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty (Treaty of Taipei) is signed in Taipei, Taiwan between Japan and the Republic of China to officially end the Second Sino-Japanese War.
• 1965 – United States occupation of the Dominican Republic: American troops land in the Dominican Republic to "forestall establishment of a Communist dictatorship" and to evacuate U.S. Army troops.
• 1969 – Charles de Gaulle resigns as President of France.
• 1970 – Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon formally authorizes American combat troops to fight communist sanctuaries in Cambodia.
• 1975 – General Cao Văn Viên, chief of the South Vietnamese military, departs for the US as the North Vietnamese Army closed in on victory.
• 1977 – The Red Army Faction trial ends, with Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin and Jan-Carl Raspe found guilty of four counts of murder and more than 30 counts of attempted murder.
• 1977 – The Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure is signed.
• 1978 – President of Afghanistan, Mohammed Daoud Khan, is overthrown and assassinated in a coup led by pro-communist rebels.
• 1986 – The United States Navy aircraft carrier USS Enterprise becomes the first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier to transit the Suez Canal, navigating from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea to relieve the USS Coral Sea.
• 1986 – High levels of radiation resulting from the Chernobyl disaster are detected at a nuclear power plant in Sweden, leading Soviet authorities to publicly announce the accident.
• 1987 – American engineer Ben Linder is killed in an ambush by U.S.-funded Contras in northern Nicaragua.
• 1988 – Near Maui, Hawaii, flight attendant Clarabelle "C.B." Lansing is blown out of Aloha Airlines Flight 243, a Boeing 737, and falls to her death when part of the plane's fuselage rips open in mid-flight.
• 1994 – Former Central Intelligence Agency counter-intelligence officer and analyst Aldrich Ames pleads guilty to giving U.S. secrets to the Soviet Union and later Russia.
• 1996 – Whitewater controversy: President Bill Clinton gives a 4½ hour videotaped testimony for the defense.
• 1996 – Port Arthur Massacre (Australia): Gunman Martin Bryant opens fire at the Broad Arrow Cafe in Port Arthur, Tasmania, Killing 35 people and wounding 23 others.
• 2001 – Dennis Tito becomes the world's first space tourist.

Births[edit]

• 32 – Otho, Roman emperor (d. 69 AD)
• 1442 – Edward IV of England (d. 1483)
• 1545 – Yi Sun-sin, Korean commander (d. 1598)
• 1630 – Charles Cotton, English poet (d. 1687)
• 1652 – Magdalena Sibylla of Hesse-Darmstadt (d. 1712)
• 1686 – Michael Brokoff, Czech sculptor (d. 1721)
• 1715 – Franz Sparry, Austrian composer (d. 1767)
• 1758 – James Monroe, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 5th President of the United States (d. 1831)
• 1765 – Sylvestre François Lacroix, French mathematician (d. 1834)
• 1819 – Ezra Abbot, American scholar (d. 1884)
• 1827 – William Hall, Canadian soldier, awarded the Victoria Cross (d. 1904)
• 1838 – Tobias Asser, Dutch lawyer and scholar, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1913)
• 1848 – Ludvig Schytte, Danish composer, pianist, and teacher (d. 1909)
• 1855 – José Malhoa, Portuguese painter (d. 1933)
• 1863 – Josiah Thomas, English-Australian miner and politician (d. 1933)
• 1865 – Charles W. Woodworth, American entomologist (d. 1940)
• 1868 – Lucy Booth, English songwriter (d. 1953)
• 1868 – Hélène de Pourtalès, Swiss sailor (d. 1945)
• 1868 – Georgy Voronoy, Ukrainian-Russian mathematician (d. 1908)
• 1870 – August Schmierer, German rugby player
• 1874 – Karl Kraus, Austrian journalist and author (d. 1936)
• 1874 – Sidney Toler, American actor and director (d. 1947)
• 1876 – Nicola Romeo, Italian engineer and businessman (d. 1938)
• 1878 – Lionel Barrymore, American actor and director (d. 1954)
• 1886 – Art Shaw, American hurdler (d. 1955)
• 1888 – Walter Tull, English footballer (d. 1918)
• 1889 – António de Oliveira Salazar, Portuguese politician, 100th Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1970)
• 1897 – Ye Jianying, Chinese general and politician (d. 1986)
• 1900 – Heinrich Müller, German SS officer (d. 1945)
• 1900 – Jan Oort, Dutch astronomer (d. 1992)
• 1901 – Henry Stallard, English runner (d. 1973)
• 1902 – Johan Borgen, Norwegian author and critic (d. 1979)
• 1906 – Pierre Boileau, French author (d. 1989)
• 1906 – Kurt Gödel, Czech-American mathematician (d. 1978)
• 1906 – Paul Sacher, Swiss conductor (d. 1999)
• 1908 – Ethel Catherwood, Canadian high jumper (d. 1987)
• 1908 – Oskar Schindler, Czech-German businessman (d. 1974)
• 1909 – Arthur Võõbus, Estonian-American theologist and orientalist (d. 1988)
• 1910 – Sam Merwin, Jr., American author (d. 1996)
• 1911 – Lee Falk, American director, producer, and playwright (d. 1999)
• 1912 – Odette Hallowes, French soldier (d. 1995)
• 1912 – Kaneto Shindō, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2012)
• 1912 – József Sir, Hungarian sprinter (d. 1996)
• 1914 – Philip E. High, English author (d. 2006)
• 1916 – Ferruccio Lamborghini, Italian businessman, created Lamborghini (d. 1993)
• 1921 – Rowland Evans, American journalist (d. 2001)
• 1921 – Simin Daneshvar, Iranian author and academic (d. 2012)
• 1923 – Carolyn Cassady, American author (d. 2013)
• 1923 – William Guarnere, American sergeant (d. 2014)
• 1924 – Dick Ayers, American author and illustrator (d. 2014)
• 1924 – Donatas Banionis, Lithuanian actor (d. 2014)
• 1924 – Blossom Dearie, American singer and pianist, (d. 2009)
• 1924 – Kenneth Kaunda, Zambian educator and politician, 1st President of Zambia
• 1925 – T. John Lesinski, American judge and politician, 51st Lieutenant Governor of Michigan (d. 1996)
• 1925 – John Leonard Thorn, English author and academic
• 1926 – Bill Blackbeard, American author (d. 2011)
• 1926 – Harper Lee, American author
• 1926 – Hulusi Sayın, Turkish Gendarmerie (d. 1991)
• 1928 – Yves Klein, French painter (d. 1962)
• 1928 – Eugene Merle Shoemaker, American geologist (d. 1997)
• 1930 – James Baker, American lawyer and politician, 61st United States Secretary of State
• 1930 – Carolyn Jones, American actress (d. 1983)
• 1930 – Richard C. Sarafian, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2013)
• 1932 – Brownie Ledbetter, American activist (d. 2010)
• 1933 – Miodrag Radulovacki, Serbian-American neuropharmacologist and academic (d. 2014)
• 1934 – Lois Duncan, American author
• 1934 – Diane Johnson, American-French author
• 1935 – Jimmy Wray, Scottish politician (d. 2013)
• 1937 – Saddam Hussein, Iraqi politician, 5th President of Iraq (d. 2006)
• 1937 – Jean Redpath, Scottish-American singer-songwriter (d. 2014)
• 1937 – John White, Scottish footballer (d. 1964)
• 1938 – Madge Sinclair, Jamaican-American actress (d. 1995)
• 1941 – Ann-Margret, Swedish-American actress, singer, and dancer
• 1941 – Lucien Aimar, French cyclist
• 1941 – Indus Arthur, American actress (d. 1984)
• 1941 – John Madejski, English businessman
• 1941 – Nico Mastorakis, Greek director and producer
• 1941 – Flynn Robinson, American basketball player (d. 2013)
• 1941 – Karl Barry Sharpless, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1941 – Iryna Zhylenko, Ukrainian poet (d. 2013)
• 1942 – Mike Brearley, English cricketer
• 1943 – Jacques Dutronc, French singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor
• 1943 – Yoav Talmi, Israeli composer and conductor
• 1943 – Jeffrey Tate, English conductor
• 1944 – Elizabeth LeCompte, American director and producer
• 1944 – Jean-Claude Van Cauwenberghe, Belgian politician, 10th Minister-President of the Walloon Region
• 1944 – Alice Waters, American chef and author
• 1946 – Ginette Reno, Canadian singer-songwriter and actress
• 1946 – Larissa Grunig, American theorist and activist
• 1947 – Christian Jacq, French historian and author
• 1947 – Nicola LeFanu, English composer and academic
• 1948 – Dorothée Berryman, Canadian actress and singer
• 1948 – Terry Pratchett, English journalist, author, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
• 1948 – Marcia Strassman, American actress and singer (d. 2014)
• 1949 – Jeremy Cooke, English judge
• 1949 – Paul Guilfoyle, American actor
• 1949 – Bruno Kirby, American actor (d. 2006)
• 1949 – Indian Larry, American motorcycle rider and builder (d. 2004)
• 1950 – Willie Colón, Puerto Rican trombonist and producer (Fania All-Stars)
• 1950 – Jay Leno, American comedian, talk show host, and producer
• 1950 – Steve Rider, English television host
• 1951 – Tim Congdon, English economist
• 1951 – Larry Smith, Canadian football player and politician
• 1951 – Silvi Vrait, Estonian singer (d. 2013)
• 1952 – Chuck Leavell, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player
• 1952 – Mary McDonnell, American actress
• 1953 – Roberto Bolaño, Chilean author and poet (d. 2003)
• 1953 – Kim Gordon, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Sonic Youth, Ciccone Youth, and Free Kitten)
• 1953 – Brian Greenhoff, English footballer (d. 2013)
• 1954 – Timothy Curley, American educator
• 1954 – Vic Sotto, Filipino actor and producer
• 1954 – Michael P. Jackson, 3rd Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security
• 1954 – Ron Zook, American football player and coach
• 1955 – Nicky Gumbel, English priest and author
• 1955 – Dieter Rubach, German bassist and producer (Accept and U.D.O.)
• 1956 – Jimmy Barnes, Scottish-Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist (Cold Chisel, Fraternity, and Living Loud)
• 1957 – Wilma Landkroon, Dutch singer
• 1958 – Nancy Lee Grahn, American actress
• 1958 – Hal Sutton, American golfer
• 1959 – Dainis Kūla, Latvian javelin thrower
• 1959 – Erhard Loretan, Swiss mountaineer (d. 2011)
• 1960 – Steven Blum, American voice actor
• 1960 – John Cerutti, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2004)
• 1960 – Elena Kagan, American academic, lawyer, and jurist
• 1960 – Phil King, English bass player (Lush and The Jesus and Mary Chain)
• 1960 – Ian Rankin, Scottish author
• 1960 – Jón Páll Sigmarsson, Icelandic strongman and weightlifter (d. 1993)
• 1960 – Walter Zenga, Italian footballer and manager
• 1961 – Futoshi Matsunaga, Japanese serial killer
• 1961 – Anna Oxa, Italian singer
• 1963 – Sandrine Dumas, French actress
• 1963 – Lloyd Eisler, Canadian figure skater
• 1963 – Marc Lacroix, Belgian biochemist
• 1964 – Noriyuki Iwadare, Japanese composer
• 1964 – Ajay Kakkar, Baron Kakkar, English surgeon
• 1964 – Barry Larkin, American baseball player
• 1964 – L'Wren Scott, American model and fashion designer (d. 2014)
• 1964 – Lady Helen Taylor, English daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent
• 1965 – Jennifer Rardin, American author (d. 2010)
• 1966 – John Daly, American golfer
• 1966 – Too Short, American rapper, producer, and actor
• 1967 – Chris White, English politician
• 1967 – Kari Wuhrer, American actress and singer
• 1968 – Howard Donald, English singer-songwriter and producer (Take That)
• 1968 – Andy Flower, South African-English cricketer and coach
• 1968 – Scott Putesky, American guitarist (Marilyn Manson and Jack Off Jill)
• 1970 – Nicklas Lidström, Swedish ice hockey player
• 1970 – Diego Simeone, Argentinian footballer and manager
• 1971 – Brad McEwan, Australian journalist
• 1971 – Thomas Pendelton, American tattoo artist and television personality
• 1972 – Anita Anand, English journalist
• 1972 – Violent J, American rapper, producer, wrestler, and actor (Insane Clown Posse, Dark Lotus, and Psychopathic Rydas)
• 1972 – Helena Tulve, Estonian composer
• 1972 – Jean-Paul van Gastel, Dutch footballer and manager
• 1973 – Jorge Garcia, American actor
• 1973 – Earl Holmes, American football player and coach
• 1973 – Francisco Palencia, Mexican footballer
• 1973 – Elisabeth Röhm, German-American actress
• 1973 – Serge Zwikker, Dutch-American basketball player
• 1974 – Penélope Cruz, Spanish actress
• 1974 – Margo Dydek, Polish basketball player (d. 2011)
• 1974 – Richel Hersisia, Dutch boxer
• 1974 – Vernon Kay, English radio and television host
• 1974 – Dominic Matteo, Scottish footballer
• 1977 – Derrick Wayne Frazier, American murderer (d. 2006)
• 1978 – Lauren Laverne, English singer and television host
• 1979 – Scott Fujita, American football player
• 1979 – Sharman Joshi, Indian actor
• 1979 – Bahram Radan, Iranian actor
• 1979 – Roman Rasskazov, Russian race walker
• 1980 – Karolina Gočeva, Macedonian singer
• 1980 – Josh Howard, American basketball player
• 1980 – Bradley Wiggins, Belgian-English cyclist
• 1981 – Jessica Alba, American model and actress
• 1981 – Alex Riley, American wrestler and sportscaster
• 1981 – Pietro Travagli, Italian rugby player
• 1982 – Nikki Grahame, English model and journalist
• 1982 – Chris Kaman, American basketball player
• 1982 – Harry Shum, Jr., Costa Rican-American actor and dancer
• 1983 – Josh Brookes, Australian motorcycle racer
• 1983 – Roger Johnson, English footballer
• 1983 – Thomas Waldrom, New Zealand-English rugby player
• 1984 – Dmitri Torbinski, Russian footballer
• 1985 – Lucas Jakubczyk, German sprinter and long jumper
• 1985 – Deividas Stagniūnas, Lithuanian ice dancer
• 1986 – Abdullah Al-Qasabi, Omani footballer
• 1986 – David Krejci, Czech ice hockey player
• 1986 – Jennifer Palm Lundberg, Swedish model, Miss World Sweden 2008
• 1986 – Roman Polák, Czech ice hockey player
• 1986 – Jenna Ushkowitz, South Korean-American actress, singer, and dancer
• 1987 – Ryan Conroy, Scottish footballer
• 1987 – Bradley Johnson, English footballer
• 1987 – Zoran Tošić, Serbian footballer
• 1987 – Samantha Ruth Prabhu, Indian actress
• 1987 – Robin Schulz, German musician
• 1988 – Jonathan Biabiany, French footballer
• 1988 – Juan Manuel Mata, Spanish footballer
• 1988 – Katariina Tuohimaa, Finnish tennis player
• 1989 – Emil Salomonsson, Swedish footballer
• 1989 – Kim Sung-kyu, South Korean singer-songwriter and dancer (Infinite)
• 1989 – Peechaya Wattanamontree, Thai actress and model
• 1990 – Nadia Lalami, Moroccan tennis player
• 1990 – Mario Meraz, Mexican boxer
• 1990 – Niels-Peter Mørck, Danish footballer
• 1991 – Jordan Robinson, English footballer
• 1992 – Lacey Banghard, English model

Deaths[edit]

• 1192 – Conrad of Montferrat (b. 1140)
• 1489 – Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland, English politician (b. 1449)
• 1533 – Nicholas West, English bishop and diplomat (b. 1461)
• 1643 – Francisco de Lucena, Portuguese politician (b. 1578?)
• 1710 – Thomas Betterton, English actor (b. 1630s)
• 1716 – Louis de Montfort, French priest and saint (b. 1673)
• 1726 – Thomas Pitt, English merchant (b. 1653)
• 1741 – Magnus Julius De la Gardie, Swedish general and politician (b. 1668)
• 1772 – Johann Friedrich Struensee, German physician (b. 1737)
• 1781 – Cornelius Harnett, American merchant, farmer, and politician (b. 1723)
• 1813 – Mikhail Kutuzov, Russian field marshal (b. 1745)
• 1816 – Johann Heinrich Abicht, German philosopher (b. 1762)
• 1841 – Peter Chanel, French priest, missionary, and martyr (b. 1803)
• 1853 – Ludwig Tieck, German author and poet (b. 1773)
• 1858 – Johannes Peter Müller, German physiologist and anatomist (b. 1801)
• 1865 – Samuel Cunard, Canadian-English businessman (b. 1787)
• 1881 – Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon, French sculptor and photographer (b. 1818)
• 1883 – John Russell, English hunter and dog breeder (b. 1795)
• 1902 – Cyprien Tanguay, Canadian priest and historian (b. 1819)
• 1905 – Fitzhugh Lee, American general and politician, 40th Governor of Virginia (b. 1835)
• 1929 – Hendrik van Heuckelum, Dutch footballer (b. 1879)
• 1934 – Charley Patton, American guitarist (b. 1887)
• 1936 – Fuad I of Egypt (b. 1868)
• 1944 – Mohammed Alim Khan, Manghud ruler (b. 1880)
• 1944 – Frank Knox, American journalist and politician, 46th United States Secretary of the Navy (b. 1874)
• 1945 – Roberto Farinacci, Italian politician (b. 1892)
• 1945 – Hermann Fegelein, German general (b. 1906)
• 1945 – Benito Mussolini, Italian journalist and politician, 27th Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1883)
• 1945 – Clara Petacci, Italian mistress of Benito Mussolini (b. 1912)
• 1946 – Louis Bachelier, French mathematician (b. 1870)
• 1949 – Aurora Quezon, Filipino wife of Manuel Quezon, 2nd First Lady of the Philippines (b. 1888)
• 1954 – Léon Jouhaux, French union leader, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1879)
• 1957 – Heinrich Bär, German colonel and pilot (b. 1913)
• 1960 – Turan Emeksiz, Turkish university student (b. 1940)
• 1963 – Wilhelm Weber, German gymnast (b. 1880)
• 1964 – Rolf de Maré, Swedish art collector (b. 1888)
• 1970 – Ed Begley, American actor (b. 1901)
• 1973 – Clas Thunberg, Finnish speed skater (b. 1893)
• 1975 – Tom Donahue, American radio host and producer (b. 1928)
• 1976 – Richard Hughes, American author and poet (b. 1900)
• 1977 – Sepp Herberger, German footballer and coach (b. 1897)
• 1978 – Mohammed Daoud Khan, Afghan politician, 1st President of Afghanistan (b. 1909)
• 1980 – Tommy Caldwell, American bass player (The Marshall Tucker Band) (b. 1949)
• 1981 – Steve Currie, English bass player (T. Rex) (b. 1947)
• 1987 – Ben Linder, American engineer (b. 1959)
• 1988 – B. W. Stevenson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1949)
• 1991 – Steve Broidy, American film producer (b. 1905)
• 1991 – Ken Curtis, American actor and singer (Sons of the Pioneers) (b. 1916)
• 1992 – Francis Bacon, Irish painter (b. 1909)
• 1992 – Iceberg Slim, American author (b. 1918)
• 1993 – Jim Valvano, American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster (b. 1946)
• 1994 – Berton Roueché, American journalist and author (b. 1910)
• 1996 – Lester Sumrall, American minister, founded LeSEA (b. 1913)
• 1997 – Ann Petry, American author (b. 1908)
• 1998 – Jerome Bixby, American author and screenwriter (b. 1923)
• 1998 – Ramakant Desai, Indian cricketer (b. 1939)
• 1999 – Rory Calhoun, American actor, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1922)
• 1999 – Rolf Landauer, German-American physicist and engineer (b. 1927)
• 1999 – Alf Ramsey, English footballer and manager (b. 1920)
• 1999 – Arthur Leonard Schawlow, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1921)
• 2000 – Jerzy Einhorn, Polish-Swedish physician and politician (b. 1925)
• 2000 – Penelope Fitzgerald, English author and poet (b. 1916)
• 2002 – Alexander Lebed, Russian general and politician (b. 1950)
• 2002 – Lou Thesz, American wrestler (b. 1916)
• 2005 – Chris Candido, American wrestler (b. 1972)
• 2005 – Percy Heath, American bassist (Modern Jazz Quartet) (b. 1923)
• 2005 – Taraki Sivaram, Sri Lankan journalist (b. 1959)
• 2007 – Dabbs Greer, American actor (b. 1917)
• 2007 – René Mailhot, Canadian journalist (b. 1942)
• 2007 – Tommy Newsom, American saxophonist and bandleader (b. 1929)
• 2007 – Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, German physicist and philosopher (b. 1912)
• 2007 – Bertha Wilson, Canadian jurist (b. 1923)
• 2009 – Ekaterina Maximova, Russian ballerina (b. 1939)
• 2009 – Richard Pratt, Australian businessman (b. 1934)
• 2009 – Valeria Peter Predescu, Romanian singer (b. 1947)
• 2011 – Erhard Loretan, Swiss mountaineer (b. 1959)
• 2012 – Fred Allen, New Zealand rugby player and coach (b. 1920)
• 2012 – Matilde Camus, Spanish poet (b. 1919)
• 2012 – Al Ecuyer, American football player (b. 1937)
• 2012 – Walter Matthews, American actor (b. 1926)
• 2012 – Patricia Medina, English actress (b. 1919)
• 2012 – Milan N. Popović, Serbian psychiatrist and author (b. 1924)
• 2012 – Aberdeen Shikoyi, Kenyan rugby player (b. 1985)
• 2012 – Ervin Zádor, Hungarian water polo player (b. 1935)
• 2013 – Brad Lesley, American baseball player and actor (b. 1958)
• 2013 – Fredrick McKissack, American author (b. 1939)
• 2013 – John C. Reynolds, American computer scientist (b. 1935)
• 2013 – Jack Shea, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1928)
• 2013 – János Starker, Hungarian-American cellist (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Paulo Vanzolini, Brazilian singer-songwriter and zoologist (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Bernie Wood, New Zealand journalist and author (b. 1939)
• 2014 – William Honan, American journalist and author (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Dennis Kamakahi, American guitarist and composer (b. 1953)
• 2014 – Edgar Laprade, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1919)
• 2014 – Jack Ramsay, American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster (b. 1925)
• 2014 – Idris Sardi, Indonesian violinist and composer (b. 1938)
• 2014 – Frederic Schwartz, American architect, co-designed Empty Sky (b. 1951)
• 2014 – Ryan Tandy, Australian rugby player (b. 1981)

Πολυτελής απομόνωση: ξενοδοχεία στη μέση του πουθενά

Δεν υπάρχουν δρόμοι, ούτε βέβαια αυτοκίνητα. Είναι προσβάσιμα 

μόνο με αεροπλάνο, με πεζοπορία ή πάνω σε μουλάρι.

 Απαιτούνται καμιά φορά δύο ημέρες ταξιδιού. Τόσο το καλύτερο.

Πρόκειται για μία νέα τάσεις στις πολυτελείς διακοπές, αφού ολοένα και

 περισσότεροι- από εκείνους που το αντέχει η τσέπη τους βέβαια- θέλουν να 

βρεθούν στα σημεία του πλανήτη όπου δεν μπορούν να πάνε οι περισσότεροι.

Το «σύνθημά» τους είναι ότι όσο πιο εύκολα φτάνεις σε ένα μέρος, τόσο λιγότερο 

ενδιαφέρον έχει. Η πραγματική απόλαυση για εκείνους είναι οι δυσκολίες του

 ταξιδιού και ο προορισμός στον οποίο εγγυημένα ξεφεύγει κάποιος από όλα.

 Δεν θέλουν όμως να αποχωριστούν τις ανέσεις και την πολυτέλεια.

Ακολουθώντας αυτή την τάση, το Forbes βρήκε μερικά από αυτά τα σημεία όπου

 μπορεί να απομονωθεί κανείς μέσα στη χλιδή.  

Hotel Budir, Ισλανδία
Δίπλα σε έδαφος από λάβα, με θέα σε παγετώνες, σε τοπίο που μοιάζει σεληνιακό.

Amangiri, Γιούτα
Στην έρημο, κάπου χαμένο από τον... έξω κόσμο, εμφανίζεται στον ορίζοντα σαν όαση.

Sextantio Albergo Diffuso, Ιταλία
Ενας Ελβετο-ιταλός επιχειρηματίας μετέτρεψε αυτό το εγκαταλελειμμένο χωριό

 σε... διάσπαρτο ξενοδοχείο, καθώς τα δωμάτια βρίσκονται σε 32 ανακαινισμένα σπίτια.

Fogo Island Inn, Καναδάς
Το νησί αυτό είναι προσβάσιμο μόνο με ελικόπτερο ή φέρι. Την άνοιξη, τεράστια

 παγόβουνα πλέουν μπροστά του.

Pädaste Manor, Εσθονία
Εξαιτίας της απόλυτης απομόνωσης, προσελκύει διάσημους πελάτες.

Ultima Thule, Αλάσκα
Για να φτάσει κάποιος εκεί πρέπει να οδηγήσει έξι ώρες από το Ανκορατζ και στη

 συνέχεια να κάνει πτήση 1,5 ώρας.

Aganoa Lodge, Σαμόα
Στο πιο απομονωμένο από τα δύο βασικά νησιά των Σαμόα, μπορεί να ζήσει

 κανείς σαν Ροβινσώνας Κρούσος.

Tierra Chiloe, Χιλή
Μέχρι πρόσφατα, τα γύρω χωριά είχαν ηλεκτρικό μόνο μερικές ώρες την

 ημέρα, ενώ παραμένει απαράλλακτος ο τρόπος ζωής των ψαράδων εκεί.

Kakslauttanen, Φινλανδία
Περίπου 150 χιλιόμετρα βόρεια του Αρκτικού Κύκλου, δίπλα στο μεγαλύτερο

 εθνικό πάρκο της Φινλανδίας.

Yemaya Island Hideaway, Νικαράγουα
Δεν έχει δρόμους και για να φτάσει κανείς εκεί πρέπει να περπατήσει μισή ώρα 

μέσα σε δάσος.

Kasbah du Toubkal, Μαρόκο
Περίπου μία ώρα από το Μαρόκο, ο δρόμος σταματά, οι αποσκευές των επισκεπτών

 φορτώνονται σε μουλάρια και ακολουθεί ανάβαση 20 λεπτών για να φτάσει κάποιος

 στις πόρτες του.

Mashpi Lodge, Εκουαδόρ
Τροπικό δάσος, σπίτι εκατοντάδων ειδών ζώων και περισσοτέρων από 500 πουλιών,

 ιδανικό για όσους θέλουν να είναι μέσα στη φύση, αλλά και την πολυτέλεια.

 

 

Όλη η αφρόκρεμα του Χόλιγουντ έχει αφεθεί στις υπηρεσίες του - Δείτε τις φωτογραφίες

Με πάνω από 4.000 τετραγωνικά μέτρα για χώρους σπα και 21 αίθουσες για ξεχωριστές θεραπείες και υπηρεσίες ομορφιάς και ευεξίας, ένα εστιατόριο με δύο αστέρια Michelin και οκτώ πισίνες, δεν είναι να απορεί κανείς που οι διασημότητες του Χόλιγουντ συρρέουν στο βραβευμένο ξενοδοχείο Pennyhill Park.

Το πολυτελές ξενοδοχείο και σπα βρίσκεται στην περιοχή Bagshot της Αγγλίας και από τη στιγμή που άνοιξε τις πύλες του στο κοινό έχειπροσελκύσει το ενδιαφέρον πολλών διασήμων.

Ντάνιελ Κρεγκ, Νικόλ Κίντμαν, Κάμερον Ντίαζ, Τζάστιν Τίμπερλεϊκ, Κάθριν-Ζέτα Τζόουνς, Μάικλ Ντάγκλας, Λιούις Χάμιλτον και Ράσελ Κρόου είναι μόνο μερικοί από τους σελέμπριτις που έχουν απολαύσει τις μοναδικές υπηρεσίες του ξενοδοχείου.



Το ιστορικό κτίριο χτίστηκε το 1851. Σήμερα, διαθέτει 123 δωμάτια με ξεχωριστή διακόσμηση το κάθε ένα, ενώ οι υπηρεσίες σπα που προσφέρει έχουν κάνει πολλούς να… παραμιλούν από ευχαρίστηση.





Μια διαμονή στη σουίτα Exclusive Junior Suite με πλήρες αγγλικό πρωινό, γεύμα τριών πιάτων με ένα μπουκάλι κρασί και μεταλλικό νερό, καθώς επίσης και χρήση των εγκαταστάσεων σπα για μία ημέρα στοιχίζει περίπου 1.000 ευρώ.

Κι αν θέλετε να απολαύσετε μία ώρα μασάζ, θα χρειαστεί να πληρώσετε κατιτίς παραπάνω.

Tα κορυφαία νησιά της Ευρώπης 

Το καλοκαίρι βρίσκεται προ των πυλών και τα ελληνικά νησιά

 έχουν την τιμητική τους, αποτελώντας κορυφαία προτίμηση

 τόσο Ελλήνων όσο και ξένων ταξιδιωτών.

Για μια ακόμη φορά τα ελληνικά νησιά φιγουράρουν στο top 10 των κορυφαίων 

της Ευρώπης, με τη μοναδική Σαντορίνη να κατακτά επάξια την πρώτη θέση.

Μετά την τέταρτη θέση στον κόσμο, το νησί του ηφαιστείου βρίσκεται

 στην κορυφή, ξεχωρίζοντας από εξίσου πανέμορφα νησιά της Ελλάδας και

 της Ευρώπης.

Η Σαντορίνη, όμως, δεν είναι η μόνη «γαλανόλευκη» παρουσία στο top με

 την Κρήτη και τη Ζάκυνθο να βρίσκονται στην τρίτη και τέταρτη θέση, αντίστοιχα.

Αναλυτικά η λίστα του TripAdvisor με τα 10 κορυφαία ευρωπαϊκά νησιά έχει ως εξής: 

Σαντορίνη, Κυκλάδες

Μαδέρα

Κρήτη

Ζάκυνθος, Επτάνησα

Φουερτεβεντούρα, Κανάρια Νησιά

Τζέρσει, Channel Islands

Μαγιόρκα, Βαλεαρίδες

Κάπρι, Ιταλία

Τενερίφη, Κανάρια Νησιά

Κορσική