• 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to Augustus, and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
• 639 – Clovis II, king of Neustria and Burgundy, is crowned.
• 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrender after a forty-day siege led by Tang dynasty general Ashina She'er, establishing Tang control over the northern Tarim Basin in Xinjiang.
• 1419 – Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England, completing his reconquest of Normandy.
• 1511 – Mirandola surrenders to the French.
• 1520 – Sten Sture the Younger, the Regent of Sweden, is mortally wounded at the Battle of Bogesund.
• 1607 – San Agustin Church in Manila is officially completed; it is the oldest church still standing in the Philippines.
• 1661 – Thomas Venner is hanged, drawn and quartered in London.
• 1764 – John Wilkes is expelled from the British House of Commons for seditious libel.
• 1788 – The second group of ships of the First Fleet arrive at Botany Bay.
• 1795 – The Batavian Republic is proclaimed in the Netherlands, bringing to an end the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands.
• 1806 – Britain occupies the Dutch Cape Colony after the Battle of Blaauwberg.
• 1812 – Peninsular War: After a ten-day siege, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, orders British soldiers of the Light and third divisions to storm Ciudad Rodrigo.
• 1817 – An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General José de San Martín, crosses the Andes from Argentina to liberate Chile and then Peru.
• 1818 – French physicist Augustin Fresnel submits a "supplement" which establishes the current understanding of polarized light.
• 1829 – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust: The First Part of the Tragedy receives its premiere performance.
• 1839 – The British East India Company captures Aden.
• 1853 – Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il trovatore receives its premiere performance in Rome.
• 1861 – American Civil War: Georgia joins South Carolina, Florida, Mississippi, and Alabama in declaring secession from the United States.
• 1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Mill Springs: The Confederacy suffers its first significant defeat in the conflict.
• 1871 – Franco-Prussian War: In the Siege of Paris, Prussia wins the Battle of St. Quentin. Meanwhile, the French attempt to break the siege in the Battle of Buzenval will end unsuccessfully the following day.
• 1883 – The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires, built by Thomas Edison, begins service at Roselle, New Jersey.
• 1899 – Anglo-Egyptian Sudan is formed.
• 1915 – Georges Claude patents the neon discharge tube for use in advertising.
• 1915 – German strategic bombing during World War I: German zeppelins bomb the towns of Great Yarmouth and King's Lynn in the United Kingdom killing at least 20 people, in the first major aerial bombardment of a civilian target.
• 1917 – Seventy-three people are killed and 400 injured in an explosion in a munitions plant in London.
• 1920 – The United States Senate votes against joining the League of Nations.
• 1920 – The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is founded.
• 1937 – Howard Hughes sets a new air record by flying from Los Angeles to New York City in 7 hours, 28 minutes, 25 seconds.
• 1940 – You Nazty Spy!, the very first Hollywood film of any kind to satirize Adolf Hitler and the Nazis premieres, starring The Three Stooges, with Moe Howard as the character "Moe Hailstone" satirizing Hitler.
• 1941 – World War II: The Greek Triton (Y-5) sinks the Italian submarine Neghelli in Otranto.
• 1942 – World War II: The Japanese conquest of Burma begins.
• 1945 – World War II: Soviet forces liberate the Łódź Ghetto. Of more than 200,000 inhabitants in 1940, less than 900 had survived the Nazi occupation.
• 1946 – General Douglas MacArthur establishes the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo to try Japanese war criminals.
• 1953 – Almost 72% of all television sets in the United States are tuned into I Love Lucy to watch Lucy give birth.
• 1960 – Japan and the United States sign the US–Japan Mutual Security Treaty
• 1969 – Student Jan Palach dies after setting himself on fire three days earlier in Prague's Wenceslas Square to protest about the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union in 1968. His funeral turns into another major protest.
• 1974 – China gain control over all the Paracel Islands after a military engagement between the naval forces of the People's Republic of China and Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam)
• 1977 – President Gerald Ford pardons Iva Toguri D'Aquino (a.k.a. "Tokyo Rose").
• 1978 – The last Volkswagen Beetle made in Germany leaves VW's plant in Emden. Beetle production in Latin America continues until 2003.
• 1981 – Iran hostage crisis: United States and Iranian officials sign an agreement to release 52 American hostages after 14 months of captivity.
• 1983 – Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie is arrested in Bolivia.
• 1983 – The Apple Lisa, the first commercial personal computer from Apple Inc. to have a graphical user interface and a computer mouse, is announced.
• 1986 – The first IBM PC computer virus is released into the wild. A boot sector virus dubbed (c)Brain, it was created by the Farooq Alvi Brothers in Lahore, Pakistan, reportedly to deter unauthorized copying of the software they had written.
• 1991 – Gulf War: Iraq fires a second Scud missile into Israel, causing 15 injuries.
• 1993 – Czech Republic and Slovakia join the United Nations.
• 1995 – After being struck by lightning the crew of Bristow Flight 56C are forced to ditch. All 18 aboard are later rescued.
• 1996 – The barge North Cape oil spill occurs as an engine fire forces the tugboat Scandia ashore on Moonstone Beach in South Kingstown, Rhode Island.
• 1997 – Yasser Arafat returns to Hebron after more than 30 years and joins celebrations over the handover of the last Israeli-controlled West Bank city.
• 1999 – British Aerospace agrees to acquire the defence subsidiary of the General Electric Company plc, forming BAE Systems in November 1999.
• 2007 – Turkish-Armenian Journalist Hrant Dink is assassinated in front of his newspaper's Istanbul office by 17-year-old Turkish ultra-nationalist Ogün Samast.
• 2012 – The Hong Kong-based file-sharing website Megaupload is shut down by the FBI.
• 2014 – A bomb attack on an army convoy in the city of Bannu kills at least 26 soldiers and injures 38 others.

Births[edit]

• 398 – Pulcheria, Byzantine empress and saint (d. 453)
• 840 – Michael III, Byzantine emperor (d. 867)
• 1200 – Dōgen Zenji, founder of Sōtō Zen (d. 1253)
• 1544 – Francis II of France (d. 1560)
• 1617 – Lucas Faydherbe, Flemish sculptor and architect (d. 1697)
• 1628 – Charles Stanley, 8th Earl of Derby, English noble (d. 1672)
• 1676 – John Weldon, English organist and composer (d. 1736)
• 1721 – Jean-Philippe Baratier, German scholar and author (d. 1740)
• 1736 – James Watt, Scottish-English chemist and engineer (d. 1819)
• 1737 – Giuseppe Millico, Italian soprano, composer, and educator (d. 1802)
• 1739 – Joseph Bonomi the Elder, Italian architect, designed Longford Hall and Barrells Hall (d. 1808)
• 1752 – James Morris III, American captain (d. 1820)
• 1757 – Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf (d. 1831)
• 1788 – Pavel Kiselyov, Russian general and politician (d. 1874)
• 1790 – Per Daniel Amadeus Atterbom, Swedish poet and academic (d. 1855)
• 1798 – Auguste Comte, French economist, sociologist, and philosopher (d. 1857)
• 1807 – Robert E. Lee, American general and academic (d. 1870)
• 1808 – Lysander Spooner, American philosopher and author (d. 1887)
• 1809 – Edgar Allan Poe, American short story witer, poet, and critic (d. 1849)
• 1810 – Talhaiarn, Welsh poet and architect (d.1869)
• 1813 – Henry Bessemer, English engineer and businessman (d. 1898)
• 1832 – Ferdinand Laub, Czech violinist and composer (d. 1875)
• 1833 – Alfred Clebsch, German mathematician and academic (d. 1872)
• 1839 – Paul Cézanne, French painter (d. 1906)
• 1848 – Arturo Graf, Italian poet, of German ancestry (d. 1913).
• 1848 – John Fitzwilliam Stairs, Canadian businessman and politician (d. 1904)
• 1848 – Matthew Webb, English swimmer and diver (d. 1883)
• 1851 – Jacobus Kapteyn, Dutch astronomer and academic (d. 1922)
• 1863 – Werner Sombart, German economist and sociologist (d. 1941)
• 1871 – Dame Gruev, Bulgarian educator and activist, co-founded the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (d. 1906)
• 1874 – Hitachiyama Taniemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 19th Yokozuna (d. 1922)
• 1876 – Wakashima Gonshirō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 21st Yokozuna (d. 1943)
• 1876 – Dragotin Kette, Slovenian poet and author (d. 1899)
• 1878 – Herbert Chapman, English footballer and manager (d. 1934)
• 1879 – Boris Savinkov, Russian soldier and author (d. 1925)
• 1883 – Hermann Abendroth, German conductor (d. 1956)
• 1887 – Alexander Woollcott, American actor, playwright, and critic (d. 1943)
• 1889 – Sophie Taeuber-Arp, Swiss painter and sculptor (d. 1943)
• 1892 – Ólafur Thors, Icelandic lawyer and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 1964)
• 1893 – Magda Tagliaferro, Brazilian pianist and educator (d. 1986)
• 1903 – Boris Blacher, German composer and playwright (d. 1975)
• 1905 – Stanley Hawes, English-Australian director and producer (d. 1991)
• 1907 – Briggs Cunningham, American race car driver, sailor, and businessman (d. 2003)
• 1908 – Ish Kabibble, American comedian and cornet player (d. 1994)
• 1908 – Aleksandr Gennadievich Kurosh, Russian mathematician and theorist (d. 1971)
• 1911 – Choor Singh, Indian-Singaporean lawyer and judge (d. 2009)
• 1912 – Leonid Kantorovich, Russian mathematician and economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
• 1913 – Rex Ingamells, Australian author and poet (d. 1955)
• 1913 – Rudolf Wanderone, American professional pocket billiards player (d. 1996)
• 1914 – Lester Flatt, American bluegrass singer-songwriter, guitarist, and mandolin player (d. 1979)
• 1918 – John H. Johnson, American publisher, founded the Johnson Publishing Company (d. 2005)
• 1920 – Bernard Dunstan, English painter and educator (d. 2017)
• 1920 – Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, Peruvian politician and diplomat, 135th Prime Minister of Peru
• 1921 – Patricia Highsmith, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1995)
• 1922 – Arthur Morris, Australian cricketer and journalist (d. 2015)
• 1922 – Miguel Muñoz, Spanish footballer and manager (d. 1990)
• 1923 – Jean Stapleton, American actress and singer (d. 2013)
• 1924 – Nicholas Colasanto, American actor and director (d. 1985)
• 1924 – Jean-François Revel, French philosopher (d. 2006)
• 1925 – Nina Bawden, English author (d. 2012)
• 1926 – Hans Massaquoi, German-American journalist and author (d. 2013)
• 1926 – Fritz Weaver, American actor (d. 2016)
• 1930 – Tippi Hedren, American model, actress, and animal rights-welfare activist
• 1930 – John Waite, South African cricketer (d. 2011)
• 1931 – Robert MacNeil, Canadian-American journalist and author
• 1932 – Russ Hamilton, English singer-songwriter (d. 2008)
• 1932 – Richard Lester, American-English director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1932 – Harry Lonsdale, American chemist, businessman, and politician (d. 2014)
• 1933 – George Coyne, American priest, astronomer, and theologian
• 1935 – Johnny O'Keefe, Australian singer-songwriter (d. 1978)
• 1936 – Ziaur Rahman, Bangladeshi general and politician, 7th President of Bangladesh (d. 1981)
• 1936 – Willie "Big Eyes" Smith, American singer, harmonica player, and drummer (d. 2011)
• 1936 – Fred J. Lincoln, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2013)
• 1937 – John Lions, Australian computer scientist and academic (d. 1998)
• 1939 – Phil Everly, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Everly Brothers) (d. 2014)
• 1940 – Paolo Borsellino, Italian lawyer and judge (d. 1992)
• 1940 – Mike Reid, English comedian, actor, and author (d. 2007)
• 1941 – Colin Gunton, English theologian and academic (d. 2003)
• 1941 – Pat Patterson, Canadian wrestler, trainer, and referee
• 1942 – Michael Crawford, English actor and singer
• 1942 – Paul-Eerik Rummo, Estonian poet and politician
• 1943 – Larry Clark, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1943 – Janis Joplin, American singer-songwriter (d. 1970)
• 1943 – Princess Margriet of the Netherlands
• 1944 – Shelley Fabares, American actress and singer
• 1944 – Thom Mayne, American architect and academic, designed the San Francisco Federal Building and Phare Tower
• 1944 – Dan Reeves, American football player and coach
• 1945 – Trevor Williams, English singer-songwriter and bass player
• 1946 – Julian Barnes, English novelist, short story writer, essayist, and critic
• 1946 – Dolly Parton, American singer-songwriter and actress
• 1947 – Frank Aarebrot, Norwegian political scientist and academic
• 1947 – Paula Deen, American chef and author
• 1947 – Rod Evans, English singer-songwriter
• 1948 – Nancy Lynch, American computer scientist and academic
• 1948 – Frank McKenna, Canadian politician and diplomat, 27th Premier of New Brunswick
• 1948 – Mal Reilly, English rugby league player and coach
• 1949 – Arend Langenberg, Dutch voice actor and radio host (d. 2012)
• 1949 – Robert Palmer, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2003)
• 1950 – Sébastien Dhavernas, Canadian actor
• 1950 – Jon Matlack, American baseball player and coach
• 1951 – Martha Davis, American singer of The Motels
• 1952 – Dewey Bunnell, British-American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1952 – Nadiuska, German television actress
• 1952 – Bruce Jay Nelson, American computer scientist (d. 1999)
• 1952 – Michel Plante, Canadian ice hockey left winger
• 1952 – Beau Weaver, American male voice actor
• 1953 – Desi Arnaz, Jr., American actor and singer
• 1953 – Richard Legendre, Canadian tennis player and politician
• 1953 – Wayne Schimmelbusch, Australian footballer and coach
• 1954 – Katey Sagal, American actress and singer
• 1954 – Cindy Sherman, American photographer and director
• 1954 – Clifford Tabin, American geneticist and academic
• 1955 – Tony Mansfield, English singer-songwriter and producer
• 1955 – Paul Rodriguez, Mexican-American comedian and actor
• 1956 – Carman, American singer-songwriter, actor, and television host
• 1956 – Susan Solomon, American atmospheric chemist
• 1957 – Ottis Anderson, American football player and sportscaster
• 1957 – Roger Ashton-Griffiths, English actor, screenwriter and film director
• 1957 – Kenneth McClintock, Puerto Rican public servant and politician, 22nd Secretary of State of Puerto Rico
• 1958 – Thomas Kinkade, American painter (d. 2012)
• 1959 – Danese Cooper, American computer scientist and programmer
• 1959 – Jeff Pilson, American bass player, songwriter, and actor
• 1961 – William Ragsdale, American actor
• 1961 – Wayne Hemingway, English fashion designer, co-founded Red or Dead
• 1962 – Hans Daams, Dutch cyclist
• 1962 – Chris Sabo, American baseball player and coach
• 1962 – Jeff Van Gundy, American basketball player and coach
• 1963 – Michael Adams, American basketball player and coach
• 1963 – Martin Bashir, English journalist
• 1963 – John Bercow, English politician, Speaker of the House of Commons
• 1964 – Janine Antoni, Bahamian sculptor and photographer
• 1964 – Ricardo Arjona, Guatemalan singer-songwriter and basketball player
• 1966 – Floris Jan Bovelander, Dutch field hockey player
• 1966 – Yukiko Duke, Swedish journalist and translator
• 1966 – Sylvain Côté, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1966 – Stefan Edberg, Swedish tennis player and coach
• 1966 – Lena Philipsson, Swedish singer-songwriter
• 1968 – Whitfield Crane, American singer-songwriter
• 1969 – Edwidge Danticat, Haitian-American novelist and short story writer.
• 1969 – Luc Longley, Australian basketball player and coach
• 1969 – Predrag Mijatović, Montenegrin footballer and manager
• 1969 – Junior Seau, American football player (d. 2012)
• 1969 – Casey Sherman, American journalist and author
• 1969 – Steve Staunton, Irish footballer and manager
• 1970 – Steffen Freund, German footballer and manager
• 1970 – Kathleen Smet, Belgian triathlete
• 1970 – Udo Suzuki, Japanese comedian and singer
• 1971 – Phil Nevin, American baseball player
• 1971 – Shawn Wayans, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1971 – John Wozniak, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1972 – Jon Fisher, American businessman and author
• 1972 – Ron Killings, American wrestler and rapper
• 1972 – Troy Wilson, Australian footballer and race car driver
• 1972 – Sergei Zjukin, Estonian chess player and coach
• 1972 – Yoon Hae-young, South Korean actress
• 1972 – Tyrone Wheatley, American football player and college football coach
• 1973 – Antero Manninen, Finnish cellist
• 1973 – Yevgeny Sadovyi, Russian swimmer and coach
• 1974 – Dainius Adomaitis, Lithuanian basketball player and coach
• 1974 – Frank Caliendo, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter
• 1974 – Ian Laperrière, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1974 – Jaime Moreno, Bolivian footballer and manager
• 1975 – Natalie Cook, Australian volleyball player
• 1975 – Noah Georgeson, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1975 – Zdeňka Málková, Czech tennis player
• 1976 – Natale Gonnella, Italian footballer
• 1976 – Tarso Marques, Brazilian race car driver
• 1977 – Benjamin Ayres, Canadian actor, director, and photographer
• 1979 – Wiley, English rapper and producer
• 1979 – Svetlana Khorkina, Russian gymnast and sportscaster
• 1979 – Josu Sarriegi, Spanish footballer
• 1980 – Jenson Button, English race car driver
• 1980 – Pasha Kovalev, Russian-American dancer and choreographer
• 1980 – Luke Macfarlane, Canadian-American actor and singer
• 1980 – Arvydas Macijauskas, Lithuanian basketball player
• 1980 – Michael Vandort, Sri Lankan cricketer
• 1981 – Paolo Bugia, Filipino basketball player
• 1981 – Asier del Horno, Spanish footballer
• 1981 – Lucho González, Argentinian footballer
• 1982 – Mike Komisarek, American ice hockey player
• 1982 – Jodie Sweetin, American actress and singer
• 1982 – Shane Tronc, Australian rugby league player
• 1982 – Kim Yoo-suk, South Korean pole vaulter
• 1982 – Robin tom Rink, German singer-songwriter
• 1983 – Hikaru Utada, American-Japanese singer-songwriter and producer
• 1984 – Fabio Catacchini, Italian footballer
• 1984 – Karun Chandhok, Indian race car driver
• 1984 – Jimmy Kébé, Malian footballer
• 1984 – Thomas Vanek, Austrian ice hockey player
• 1985 – Jake Allen, American football player
• 1985 – Pascal Behrenbruch, German decathlete
• 1985 – Benny Feilhaber, American soccer player
• 1985 – Esteban Guerrieri, Argentinian race car driver
• 1985 – Rika Ishikawa, Japanese singer and actress
• 1985 – Elliott Ward, English footballer
• 1985 – Aleksandr Yevgenyevich Nikulin, Russian footballer
• 1986 – Claudio Marchisio, Italian footballer
• 1986 – Oleksandr Miroshnychenko, Ukrainian footballer
• 1986 – Moussa Sow, Senegalese footballer
• 1987 – Edgar Manucharyan, Armenian footballer
• 1987 – Angus Monfries, Australian footballer
• 1988 – JaVale McGee, American basketball player
• 1988 – Tyler Breeze, Canadian wrestler
• 1990 – Tatiana Búa, Argentine tennis player
• 1990 – Kerry-Anne Tomlinson, New Zealand cricketer
• 1991 – Corinna Harrer, German runner
• 1991 – Petra Martić, Croatian tennis player
• 1992 – Shawn Johnson, American gymnast
• 1992 – Logan Lerman, American actor
• 1993 – Erick Torres Padilla, Mexican footballer
• 1994 – Matthias Ginter, German footballer

Deaths[edit]

• 520 – John of Cappadocia, patriarch of Constantinople
• 639 – Dagobert I, Frankish king (b. 603)
• 914 – García I, king of León
• 1003 – Kilian of Cologne, Irish abbot
• 1302 – Al-Hakim I, caliph of Cairo
• 1401 – Robert Bealknap, British justice
• 1526 – Isabella of Austria, Danish queen (b. 1501)
• 1547 – Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, English poet (b. 1516)
• 1565 – Diego Laynez, Spanish Jesuit theologian (b. 1512)
• 1571 – Paris Bordone, Venetian painter (b. 1495)
• 1576 – Hans Sachs, German poet and playwright (b. 1494)
• 1636 – Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger, Flemish painter (b.1561)
• 1661 – Thomas Venner, English rebel leader (b. 1599)
• 1729 – William Congreve, English playwright and poet (b. 1670)
• 1755 – Jean-Pierre Christin, French physicist, mathematician, and astronomer (b. 1683)
• 1757 – Thomas Ruddiman, Scottish scholar and academic (b. 1674)
• 1766 – Giovanni Niccolò Servandoni, Italian-French architect and painter (b. 1695)
• 1785 – Jonathan Toup, English scholar and critic (b. 1713)
• 1833 – Ferdinand Hérold, French pianist and composer (b. 1791)
• 1847 – Charles Bent, American soldier and politician, 1st Governor of New Mexico (b. 1799)
• 1847 – Athanasios Christopoulos, Greek poet (b. 1772)
• 1851 – Esteban Echeverría, Argentinian poet and author (b. 1805)
• 1853 – Karl Faber, German historian and academic (b. 1773)
• 1865 – Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, French philosopher and politician (b. 1809)
• 1869 – Carl Reichenbach, German chemist and philosopher (b. 1788)
• 1874 – August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben, German poet and scholar (b. 1798)
• 1878 – Henri Victor Regnault French physicist and chemist (b. 1810)
• 1905 – Debendranath Tagore, Indian philosopher and author (b. 1817)
• 1906 – Bartolomé Mitre, Argentinian historian and politician, 6th President of Argentina (b. 1821)
• 1908 – Roberto Bompiani, Italian painter and sculptor (b. 1821)
• 1929 – Liang Qichao, Chinese journalist, philosopher, and scholar (b. 1873)
• 1930 – Frank P. Ramsey, British mathematician, philosopher and economist (b. 1903)
• 1938 – Branislav Nušić, Serbian author, playwright, and journalist (b. 1864)
• 1945 – Gustave Mesny, French general (b. 1886)
• 1948 – Tony Garnier, French architect and urban planner, designed the Stade de Gerland (b. 1869)
• 1954 – Theodor Kaluza, German mathematician and physicist (b. 1885)
• 1957 – József Dudás, Romanian-Hungarian activist and politician (b. 1912)
• 1963 – Clement Smoot, American golfer (b. 1884)
• 1964 – Firmin Lambot, Belgian cyclist (b. 1886)
• 1965 – Arnold Luhaäär, Estonian weightlifter (b. 1905)
• 1968 – Ray Harroun, American race car driver and engineer (b. 1879)
• 1972 – Michael Rabin, American violinist (b. 1936)
• 1973 – Max Adrian, Irish-English actor (b. 1903)
• 1975 – Thomas Hart Benton, American painter and educator (b. 1889)
• 1976 – Hidetsugu Yagi, Japanese engineer and academic (b. 1886)
• 1979 – Moritz Jahn, German novelist and poet (b. 1884)
• 1980 – William O. Douglas, American lawyer and jurist (b. 1898)
• 1981 – Francesca Woodman, American photographer (b. 1958)
• 1982 – Elis Regina, Brazilian soprano (b. 1945)
• 1984 – Max Bentley, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1920)
• 1987 – Lawrence Kohlberg, American psychologist and academic (b. 1927)
• 1990 – Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh, Indian guru and mystic (b. 1931)
• 1990 – Alberto Semprini, English pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1908)
• 1990 – Herbert Wehner, German politician, 6th Minister of Intra-German Relations (b. 1906)
• 1991 – Marcel Chaput, Canadian biochemist and journalist (b. 1918)
• 1995 – Gene MacLellan, Canadian singer-songwriter (b. 1938)
• 1996 – Don Simpson, American actor, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1943)
• 1997 – James Dickey, American poet and novelist (b. 1923)
• 1998 – Carl Perkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1932)
• 1999 – Ivan Francescato, Italian rugby player (b. 1967)
• 2000 – Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum, Bahá’í Hand of the Cause of God and wife of Shoghi Effendi (b. 1910)
• 2000 – Bettino Craxi, Italian lawyer and politician, 45th Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1934)
• 2000 – Hedy Lamarr, Austrian-American actress, singer, and mathematician (b. 1913)
• 2001 – Dario Vittori, Italian-Argentinian actor and producer (b. 1921)
• 2002 – Vavá, Brazilian footballer and manager (b. 1934)
• 2003 – Milton Flores, Honduran footballer (b. 1974)
• 2003 – Françoise Giroud, French journalist, screenwriter, and politician, French Minister of Culture (b. 1916)
• 2004 – Harry E. Claiborne, American lawyer and judge (b. 1917)
• 2004 – David Hookes, Australian cricketer and coach (b. 1955)
• 2005 – K. Sello Duiker, South African author and screenwriter (b. 1974)
• 2006 – Anthony Franciosa, American actor (b. 1928)
• 2006 – Wilson Pickett, American singer-songwriter (b. 1941)
• 2006 – Awn Alsharif Qasim, Sudanese author and scholar (b. 1933)
• 2006 – Geoff Rabone, New Zealand cricketer and pilot (b. 1921)
• 2007 – Hrant Dink, Turkish journalist and activist (b. 1954)
• 2007 – Denny Doherty, Canadian singer-songwriter (b. 1940)
• 2007 – Murat Nasyrov, Russian singer-songwriter (b. 1969)
• 2008 – Suzanne Pleshette, American actress (b. 1937)
• 2008 – John Stewart, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1939)
• 2008 – Don Wittman, Canadian sportscaster (b. 1936)
• 2010 – Ida Mae Martinez, American wrestler (b. 1931)
• 2010 – Bill McLaren, Scottish rugby player and sportscaster (b. 1923)
• 2012 – Peter Åslin, Swedish ice hockey player (b. 1962)
• 2012 – Sarah Burke, Canadian skier (b. 1982)
• 2012 – Peter de Francia, French-English painter and illustrator (b. 1921)
• 2012 – Gene Methvin, American pilot and journalist (b. 1934)
• 2012 – Winston Riley, Jamaican singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1943)
• 2012 – Rudi van Dantzig, Dutch ballet dancer and choreographer (b. 1933)
• 2013 – Milt Bolling, American baseball player and scout (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Taihō Kōki, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 48th Yokozuna (b. 1940)
• 2013 – Stan Musial, American baseball player and manager (b. 1920)
• 2013 – Frank Pooler, American conductor and composer (b. 1926)
• 2013 – Earl Weaver, American baseball player and manager (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Toktamış Ateş, Turkish academician, political commentator, columnist and writer (b. 1944)
• 2014 – Azaria Alon, Ukrainian-Israeli environmentalist, co-founded the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel (b. 1918)
• 2014 – Christopher Chataway, English runner, journalist, and politician (b. 1931)
• 2014 – Steven Fromholz, American singer-songwriter, producer, and poet (b. 1945)
• 2014 – Al Lerner, American pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1919)
• 2014 – Ben Starr, American playwright, screenwriter, and producer (b. 1921)
• 2014 – Stanley Jeyaraja Tambiah, Sri Lankan-American anthropologist and academic (b. 1929)
• 2015 – Justin Capră, Romanian engineer and academic (b. 1933)
• 2015 – Michel Guimond, Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1953)
• 2015 – Ward Swingle, American-French singer-songwriter and conductor (b. 1927)
• 2016 – Robert M. Carter, English paleontologist and geologist (b. 1942)
• 2016 – Richard Levins, American ecologist and geneticist (b. 1930)
• 2016 – Ettore Scola, Italian director and screenwriter (b. 1931)
• 2016 – Sheila Sim, English actress (b. 1922)
• 2017 – Miguel Ferrer, American actor (b. 1955)
• 2018 – Munnu Bhai, Pakistani newspaper journalist and columnist, poet and writer (b. 1933)

 Κλείνουν τα Κέντρα Εκπαίδευσης Νεοσυλλέκτων 

 Στην Κέρο πριν 4.000 χρόνια κατασκεύασαν  ελληνική πυραμίδα 

Πριν από τουλάχιστον 4.000 χρόνια, κατασκευαστές σκάλισαν

 όλη την επιφάνεια του Δασκαλειού, του αρχαίου φυσικού

ακρωτηρίου της νήσου Κέρου, που έχει σχήμα πυραμίδας. 

Το διαμόρφωσαν σε επίπεδα, που κάλυψαν με 1.000 τόνους ειδικής εισαγόμενης 

αστραφτερής πέτρας για να δώσουν την εμφάνιση μιας τεράστιας βαθμιδωτής

 πυραμίδας, η οποία ανυψωνόταν στο Αιγαίο, σχηματίζοντας την πιο επιβλητική

 ανθρωπογενή δομή σε όλο το αρχιπέλαγος των Κυκλάδων. 

Κάτω όμως από την επιφάνεια αυτών των επιπέδων βρισκόταν κάτι εξίσου μοναδικό:

 Αρχαιολόγοι από τρεις διαφορετικές χώρες, που συμμετέχουν σε μια εν εξελίξει

ανασκαφή, ανακάλυψαν στοιχεία από ένα συγκρότημα αποστραγγιστικών

 σηράγγων -οι οποίες κατασκευάστηκαν 1.000 χρόνια πριν από τις διάσημες

 υδραυλικές εγκαταστάσεις του Μινωικού παλατιού της Κνωσού-, καθώς και ίχνη 

εξελιγμένης μεταλλουργίας.

Τα παραπάνω δημοσιεύει στην ιστοσελίδα της η εφημερίδα Guardian, αναφερόμενη

 στη συνέχιση μιας ιδιαίτερα ενδιαφέρουσας ανασκαφής που φέρνει συνεχώς

 νέα

 εντυπωσιακά ευρήματα. 

Το δημοσίευμα συνεχίζει δίνοντας στοιχεία για την περιοχή: Το Δασκαλειό, 

μικρή βραχονησίδα σήμερα δίπλα στην Κέρο, με την οποία, πριν από 4.500 χρόνια, 

ενωνόταν με ένα μικρό πέρασμα και το νησί που την 3η χιλιετία π.Χ. ήταν ένα

 σημαντικότατο ιερό, όπου πραγματοποιούνταν σύνθετες τελετουργίες. 

Guardian

Ο Λόρδος Ρένφριου, συνδιευθυντής των ανασκαφών, ιδρυτικός διευθυντής του

 Ινστιτούτου Αρχαιολογικών Ερευνών ΜακΝτόναλντ του Κέιμπριτζ κι ένας από

τους πιο διακεκριμένους αρχαιολόγους και ερευνητές στον κόσμο, έχει δηλώσει

ότι η Κέρος αποτελεί το«αρχαιότερο νησιωτικό ιερό στον κόσμο». 

• 250 – Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians. Pope Fabian is martyred.
• 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom.
• 1265 – The first English parliament to include not only Lords but also representatives of the major towns holds its first meeting in the Palace of Westminster, now commonly known as the "Houses of Parliament".
• 1320 – Duke Wladyslaw Lokietek becomes king of Poland.
• 1356 – Edward Balliol surrenders his claim to the Scottish throne to Edward III in exchange for an English pension.
• 1523 – Christian II is forced to abdicate as King of Denmark and Norway.
• 1567 – Battle of Rio de Janeiro: Portuguese forces under the command of Estácio de Sá definitively drive the French out of Rio de Janeiro.
• 1576 – The Mexican city of León is founded by order of the viceroy Don Martín Enríquez de Almanza.
• 1649 – Charles I of England goes on trial for treason and other "high crimes".
• 1783 – The Kingdom of Great Britain signs a peace treaty with the United States, officially ending hostilities in the American Revolutionary War.
• 1785 – Invading Siamese forces attempt to exploit the political chaos in Vietnam, but are ambushed and annihilated at the Mekong river by the Tây Sơn in the Battle of Rạch Gầm-Xoài Mút.
• 1788 – The third and main part of First Fleet arrives at Botany Bay. Arthur Phillip decides that Port Jackson is a more suitable location for a colony.
• 1839 – In the Battle of Yungay, Chile defeats an alliance between Peru and Bolivia.
• 1841 – Hong Kong Island is occupied by the British.
• 1877 – The last day of the Constantinople Conference results in agreement for political reforms in the Balkans.
• 1887 – The United States Senate allows the Navy to lease Pearl Harbor as a naval base.
• 1921 – The first Constitution of Turkey is adopted, making fundamental changes in the source and exercise of sovereignty by consecrating the principle of national sovereignty.
• 1929 – In Old Arizona, the first full-length talking motion picture filmed outdoors, is released.
• 1936 – Edward VIII becomes King of the United Kingdom.
• 1937 – Franklin Delano Roosevelt and John Nance Garner are sworn in for their second terms as U.S. President and U.S. Vice President, the first occasion a Presidential Inauguration to take place on January 20 following the ratification of the 20th Amendment
• 1941 – A German officer is killed in Bucharest, Romania, sparking a rebellion and pogrom by the Iron Guard, killing 125 Jews and 30 soldiers.
• 1942 – World War II: At the Wannsee Conference held in the Berlin suburb of Wannsee, senior Nazi German officials discuss the implementation of the "Final Solution to the Jewish question".
• 1945 – World War II: The provisional government of Béla Miklós in Hungary agrees to an armistice with the Allies.
• 1945 – World War II: Germany begins the evacuation of 1.8 million people from East Prussia, a task which will take nearly two months.
• 1948 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 39 relating to India and Pakistan is adopted.
• 1949 – Harry S. Truman is inaugurated the 33rd President of the United States
• 1949 – Point Four Program a program for economic aid to poor countries announced by United States President Harry S. Truman in his inaugural address for a full term as President.
• 1953 – Dwight D. Eisenhower is inaugurated as the 34th President of the United States of America, becoming the first President to begin his presidency on January 20 following the ratification of the 20th Amendment.
• 1954 – In the United States, the National Negro Network is established with 40 charter member radio stations.
• 1961 – John F. Kennedy is inaugurated the 35th President of the United States, becoming the second youngest man to take the office.
• 1969 – Richard Nixon is inaugurated the 37th President of the United States of America.
• 1972 – Pakistan launched its nuclear weapons program, a few weeks after its defeat in the Bangladesh Liberation War, as well as the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.
• 1977 – Jimmy Carter is inaugurated the 39th President of the United States of America.
• 1981 – Ronald Reagan is inaugurated the 40th President of the United States of America. Twenty minutes later, Iran releases 52 American hostages.
• 1986 – In the United States, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day is celebrated as a federal holiday for the first time.
• 1989 – George H. W. Bush is inaugurated the 41st President of the United States of America.
• 1990 – The Red Army crackdown on civil protests in Baku, Azerbaijan during the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
• 1991 – Sudan's government imposes Islamic law nationwide, worsening the civil war between the country's Muslim north and Christian south.
• 1992 – Air Inter Flight 148, an Airbus A320-111, crashes into a mountain near Strasbourg, France killing 87 of the 96 people on board.
• 1993 – Bill Clinton is inaugurated the 42nd President of the United States of America.
• 2001 – George W. Bush is inaugurated the 43rd President of the United States of America.
• 2001 – President of the Philippines Joseph Estrada is ousted in a nonviolent 4-day revolution, and is succeeded by Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo.
• 2007 – Four-man Team N2i, using only skis and kites, completes a 1,093-mile (1,759 km) trek to reach the Antarctic pole of inaccessibility for the first time since 1965 and for the first time ever without mechanical assistance.
• 2009 – A protest movement in Iceland culminates as the 2009 Icelandic financial crisis protests start.
• 2009 – Barack Obama is inaugurated as the 44th President of the United States of America, becoming the first African-American President of the United States.
• 2017 – Donald Trump is inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States of America, becoming the oldest person to hold the office.

Births[edit]

• 225 – Gordian III, Roman emperor (d. 244)
• 1029 – Alp Arslan, Seljuk sultan (d. 1072)
• 1292 – Elizabeth of Bohemia, queen consort of Bohemia (d. 1330)
• 1436 – Ashikaga Yoshimasa, Japanese shogun (d. 1490)
• 1488 – John George, Marquess of Montferrat, Italian noble (d. 1533)
• 1488 – Sebastian Münster, German scholar, cartographer, and cosmographer (d. 1552)
• 1499 – Sebastian Franck, German humanist. (d. 1543)
• 1502 – Sebastian de Aparicio, Spanish-Mexican rancher and missionary (d. 1600)
• 1526 – Rafael Bombelli, Italian mathematician (d. 1572)
• 1554 – Sebastian of Portugal (d. 1578)
• 1569 – Heribert Rosweyde, Jesuit hagiographer (d. 1629)
• 1573 – Simon Marius, German astronomer and academic (d. 1624)
• 1586 – Johann Schein, German composer (d. 1630)
• 1664 – Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina, Italian lawyer and jurist (d. 1718)
• 1703 – Joseph-Hector Fiocco, Flemish violinist and composer (d. 1741)
• 1716 – Jean-Jacques Barthélemy, French archaeologist and numismatist (d. 1795)
• 1716 – Charles III of Spain (d. 1788)
• 1732 – Richard Henry Lee, American lawyer and politician, President of the Continental Congress (d. 1794)
• 1741 – Carl Linnaeus the Younger, Swedish botanist and author (d. 1783)
• 1755 – Sir Albemarle Bertie, 1st Baronet, English admiral (d. 1824)
• 1762 – Jérôme-Joseph de Momigny, Belgian-French composer and theorist (d. 1842)
• 1775 – André-Marie Ampère, French physicist and mathematician (d. 1836)
• 1781 – Joseph Hormayr, Baron zu Hortenburg, Austrian-German historian and politician (d. 1848)
• 1783 – Friedrich Dotzauer, German cellist and composer (d. 1860)
• 1799 – Anson Jones, American physician and politician, 5th President of the Republic of Texas (d. 1858)
• 1804 – Eugène Sue, French author and politician (d. 1857)
• 1812 – Thomas Meik, Scottish engineer (d. 1896)
• 1814 – David Wilmot, American politician, sponsor of Wilmot Proviso (d. 1868)
• 1834 – George D. Robinson, American lawyer and politician, 34th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1896)
• 1855 – Ernest Chausson, French composer (d. 1899)
• 1856 – Harriot Stanton Blatch, U.S. suffragist and organizer (d. 1940)
• 1865 – Yvette Guilbert, French singer and actress (d. 1944)
• 1870 – Guillaume Lekeu, Belgian pianist and composer (d. 1894)
• 1873 – Johannes V. Jensen, Danish author, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1950)
• 1874 – Steve Bloomer, English footballer and coach (d. 1938)
• 1876 – Josef Hofmann, Polish-American pianist and composer (d. 1967)
• 1878 – Finlay Currie, Scottish-English actor (d. 1968)
• 1879 – Ruth St. Denis, American dancer and educator (d. 1968)
• 1880 – Walter W. Bacon, American accountant and politician, 60th Governor of Delaware (d. 1962)
• 1882 – Johnny Torrio, Italian-American mob boss (d. 1957)
• 1883 – Enoch L. Johnson, American mob boss (d. 1968)
• 1883 – Forrest Wilson, American journalist and author (d. 1942)
• 1888 – Lead Belly, American folk/blues musician and songwriter (d. 1949)
• 1889 – Allan Haines Loughead, American engineer and businessman, founded the Alco Hydro-Aeroplane Company (d. 1969)
• 1891 – Mischa Elman, Ukrainian-American violinist (d. 1967)
• 1893 – Georg Åberg, Swedish triple jumper (d. 1946)
• 1894 – Harold Gray, American cartoonist, created Little Orphan Annie (d. 1968)
• 1894 – Walter Piston, American composer, theorist, and academic (d. 1976)
• 1895 – Gábor Szegő, Hungarian mathematician and academic (d. 1985)
• 1896 – George Burns, American actor, comedian, and producer (d. 1996)
• 1898 – U Razak, Burmese educator and politician (d. 1947)
• 1899 – Clarice Cliff, English potter (d. 1972)
• 1899 – Kenjiro Takayanagi, Japanese engineer (d. 1990)
• 1900 – Dorothy Annan, English painter, potter, and muralist (d. 1983)
• 1900 – Colin Clive, English actor (d. 1937)
• 1902 – Leon Ames, American actor (d. 1993)
• 1902 – Kevin Barry, Irish Republican Army volunteer (d. 1920)
• 1906 – Aristotle Onassis, Greek shipping magnate (d. 1975)
• 1907 – Paula Wessely, Austrian actress and producer (d. 2000)
• 1908 – Fleur Cowles, American author and illustrator (d. 2009)
• 1909 – Gōgen Yamaguchi, Japanese martial artist (d. 1989)
• 1910 – Joy Adamson, Austria-born Kenyan painter and author (d. 1980)
• 1913 – W. Cleon Skousen, American author and academic (d. 2006)
• 1915 – Ghulam Ishaq Khan, Pakistani businessman and politician, 7th President of Pakistan (d. 2006)
• 1918 – Juan García Esquivel, Mexican pianist, composer, and bandleader (d. 2002)
• 1918 – Nevin Scrimshaw, American scientist (d. 2013)
• 1920 – Federico Fellini, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 1993)
• 1920 – DeForest Kelley, American actor (d. 1999)
• 1920 – Thorleif Schjelderup, Norwegian ski jumper and author (d. 2006)
• 1921 – Telmo Zarra, Spanish footballer (d. 2006)
• 1922 – Ray Anthony, American trumpet player, composer, bandleader, and actor
• 1922 – Don Mankiewicz, American author and screenwriter (d. 2015)
• 1923 – Slim Whitman, American country and western singer-songwriter and musician (d. 2013)
• 1924 – Yvonne Loriod, French pianist and composer (d. 2010)
• 1925 – Jamiluddin Aali, Pakistani poet, playwright, and critic (d. 2015)
• 1925 – Ernesto Cardenal, Nicaraguan priest, poet, and politician
• 1926 – Patricia Neal, American actress (d. 2010)
• 1926 – David Tudor, American pianist and composer (d. 1996)
• 1927 – Qurratulain Hyder, Indian-Pakistani journalist and academic (d. 2007)
• 1928 – Antonio de Almeida, French conductor and musicologist (d. 1997)
• 1929 – Arte Johnson, American actor and comedian
• 1929 – Masaharu Kawakatsu, Japanese biologist
• 1929 – Fireball Roberts, American race car driver (d. 1964)
• 1930 – Buzz Aldrin, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut
• 1931 – David Lee, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1931 – Hachidai Nakamura, Japanese pianist and composer (d. 1992)
• 1932 – Lou Fontinato, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2016)
• 1934 – Hennie Aucamp, South African poet, author, and academic (d. 2014)
• 1934 – Tom Baker, English actor
• 1935 – Dorothy Provine, American actress, singer, and dancer (d. 2010)
• 1938 – Derek Dougan, Irish-English footballer and journalist (d. 2007)
• 1939 – Paul Coverdell, American captain and politician (d. 2000)
• 1939 – Chandra Wickramasinghe, Sri Lankan-English mathematician, astronomer, and biologist
• 1940 – Carol Heiss, American figure skater and actress
• 1940 – Krishnam Raju, Indian actor and politician
• 1940 – Mandé Sidibé, Malian economist and politician, Prime Minister of Mali (d. 2009)
• 1942 – Linda Moulton Howe, American journalist and producer
• 1944 – José Luis Garci, Spanish director and producer
• 1944 – Farhad Mehrad, Iranian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2002)
• 1945 – Christopher Martin-Jenkins, English journalist and sportscaster (d. 2013)
• 1945 – Eric Stewart, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1946 – David Lynch, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1946 – Vladimír Merta, Czech singer-songwriter, guitarist, and journalist
• 1947 – Cyrille Guimard, French cyclist and sportscaster
• 1948 – Nancy Kress, American author and academic
• 1948 – Natan Sharansky, Ukrainian-Israeli physicist and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Israel
• 1948 – Nigel Williams, English author, playwright, and screenwriter
• 1949 – Göran Persson, Swedish lawyer and politician, 31st Prime Minister of Sweden
• 1950 – Daniel Benzali, Brazilian-American actor
• 1950 – William Mgimwa, Tanzanian banker and politician, 13th Tanzanian Minister of Finance (d. 2014)
• 1950 – Mahamane Ousmane, Nigerian politician, President of Niger
• 1951 – Iván Fischer, Hungarian conductor and composer
• 1952 – Ian Hill, English bass player and songwriter (Judas Priest)
• 1952 – Nikos Sideris, Greek psychiatrist and poet
• 1952 – Paul Stanley, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1952 – John Witherow, South African-English journalist and author
• 1953 – Jeffrey Epstein, American financier and philanthropist
• 1954 – Alison Seabeck, English lawyer and politician
• 1955 – McKeeva Bush, Caymanian politician, Premier of the Cayman Islands
• 1956 – Maria Larsson, Swedish educator and politician, Swedish Minister of Health and Social Affairs
• 1956 – Bill Maher, American comedian, political commentator, media critic, television host, and producer
• 1956 – Richard Morecroft, English-Australian journalist
• 1956 – John Naber, American swimmer
• 1957 – Andy Sheppard, English saxophonist and composer
• 1958 – Lorenzo Lamas, American actor, director, and producer
• 1959 – Tami Hoag, American author
• 1959 – R. A. Salvatore, American author
• 1960 – Apa Sherpa, Nepalese-American mountaineer
• 1960 – Scott Thunes, American bass player
• 1960 – Will Wright, American video game designer, co-founded Maxis
• 1963 – James Denton, American actor
• 1963 – Mark Ryden, American painter and illustrator
• 1964 – Ozzie Guillén, Venezuelan-American baseball player and manager
• 1964 – Ron Harper, American basketball player and coach
• 1964 – Jack Lewis, American soldier and author
• 1964 – Kazushige Nojima, Japanese screenwriter and songwriter
• 1964 – Aquilino Pimentel III, Filipino lawyer and politician
• 1964 – Fareed Zakaria, Indian-American journalist and author
• 1965 – Colin Calderwood, Scottish footballer and manager
• 1965 – Sophie, Countess of Wessex
• 1965 – Warren Joyce, English footballer and manager
• 1965 – John Michael Montgomery, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1965 – Heather Small, English singer-songwriter and actress
• 1965 – Anton Weissenbacher, Romanian footballer
• 1966 – Rainn Wilson, American actor
• 1967 – Stacey Dash, American actress and television journalist
• 1967 – Kellyanne Conway, American political strategist and pundit
• 1968 – Nick Anderson, American basketball player and sportscaster
• 1968 – Junior Murray, Grenadian cricketer
• 1969 – Patrick K. Kroupa, American computer hacker and activist, co-founded MindVox
• 1969 – Blair Larsen, New Zealand rugby player
• 1969 – Nicky Wire, Welsh singer-songwriter and bass player
• 1970 – Edwin McCain, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1970 – Skeet Ulrich, American actor
• 1971 – Derrick Green, American singer
• 1971 – Gary Barlow, English singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer
• 1971 – Ger McDonnell, Irish mountaineer and engineer (d. 2008)
• 1971 – Jung Woong-in, South Korean actor
• 1971 – Questlove, American drummer, DJ, and producer
• 1971 – Wakanohana Masaru, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 66th Yokozuna
• 1972 – Nikki Haley, American accountant and politician, 116th Governor of South Carolina
• 1973 – Stephen Crabb, Scottish-Welsh politician, Secretary of State for Wales
• 1973 – Queen Mathilde of Belgium
• 1974 – David Dei, Italian footballer and coach
• 1975 – David Eckstein, American baseball player
• 1975 – Norberto Fontana, Argentinian race car driver
• 1975 – Zac Goldsmith, English journalist and politician
• 1976 – Kirsty Gallacher, Scottish journalist and sportscaster
• 1976 – Michael Myers, American football player
• 1976 – Gretha Smit, Dutch speed skater
• 1977 – Paul Adams, South African cricketer and coach
• 1978 – Salvatore Aronica, Italian footballer
• 1978 – Sonja Kesselschläger, German heptathlete
• 1978 – Allan Søgaard, Danish footballer
• 1978 – Luciano Zauri, Italian footballer
• 1979 – Choo Ja-hyun, South Korean actress
• 1979 – Will Young, English singer-songwriter and actor
• 1980 – Karl Anderson, American wrestler
• 1980 – Philippe Cousteau, Jr., American-French oceanographer and journalist
• 1980 – Philippe Gagnon, Canadian swimmer
• 1980 – Kim Jeong-hoon, South Korean singer and actor
• 1980 – Petra Rampre, Slovenian tennis player
• 1980 – Matthew Tuck, Welsh singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1981 – Brendan Fevola, Australian footballer
• 1981 – Freddy Guzmán, Dominican baseball player
• 1981 – Owen Hargreaves, English footballer
• 1981 – Jason Richardson, American basketball player
• 1982 – Ruchi Sanghvi, Indian computer engineer
• 1982 – Fredrik Strømstad, Norwegian footballer
• 1983 – Stephen Moore, Australian rugby union player
• 1983 – Geovany Soto, Puerto Rican-American baseball player
• 1983 – Mari Yaguchi, Japanese singer and actress
• 1985 – Marina Inoue, Japanese voice actress and singer
• 1985 – Tanel Sokk, Estonian basketball player
• 1987 – Janin Lindenberg, German sprinter
• 1987 – Marco Simoncelli, Italian motorcycle racer (d. 2011)
• 1987 – Evan Peters, American actor
• 1988 – Uwa Elderson Echiéjilé, Nigerian footballer
• 1988 – Jeffrén Suárez, Spanish footballer
• 1989 – Nick Foles, American football player
• 1989 – Washington Santana da Silva, Brazilian footballer
• 1989 – Jared Waerea-Hargreaves, New Zealand rugby league player
• 1990 – Ray Thompson, Australian rugby league player
• 1991 – Ciara Hanna American actress and model
• 1991 – Polona Hercog, Slovenian tennis player
• 1991 – Jolyon Palmer, English race car driver
• 1992 – Jorge Zárate, Mexican footballer
• 1993 – Lorenzo Crisetig, Italian footballer
• 1994 – Denis Mukhametdinov, Russian footballer
• 1995 – Sergi Samper, Spanish footballer

Deaths[edit]

• 250 – Pope Fabian (b. 200)
• 820 – Al-Shafi‘i, Palestinian scholar and jurist (b. 767)
• 842 – Theophilos, Byzantine emperor (b. 813)
• 882 – Louis the Younger, king of the East Frankish Kingdom
• 924 – Li Jitao, general of Later Tang
• 928 – Zhao Guangfeng, Chinese official and chancellor
• 1095 – Wulfstan, Bishop of Worcester
• 1156 – Henry, English-Finnish bishop and saint
• 1189 – Emperor Shizong of Jin (b. 1123)
• 1191 – Frederick VI, Duke of Swabia (b. 1167)
• 1191 – Theobald V, Count of Blois (b. 1130)
• 1265 – John Maunsell, Lord Chancellor of England
• 1336 – John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford (b. 1306)
• 1343 – Robert of Naples (b. 1277)
• 1479 – John II of Aragon (b. 1397)
• 1568 – Myles Coverdale, English bishop and translator (b. 1488)
• 1612 – Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1552)
• 1663 – Isaac Ambrose, English minister and author (b. 1604)
• 1666 – Anne of Austria (b. 1601)
• 1707 – Humphrey Hody, English scholar and theologian (b. 1659)
• 1709 – François de la Chaise, French priest (b. 1624)
• 1751 – John Hervey, 1st Earl of Bristol, English politician (b. 1665)
• 1770 – Charles Yorke, English lawyer and politician, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1722)
• 1779 – David Garrick, English actor, producer, playwright, and manager (b. 1717)
• 1810 – Benjamin Chew, American lawyer and judge (b. 1721)
• 1819 – Charles IV of Spain (b. 1748)
• 1837 – John Soane, English architect, designed the Bank of England (b. 1753)
• 1841 – Jørgen Jørgensen, Danish explorer (b. 1780)
• 1841 – Minh Mạng, Vietnamese emperor (b. 1791)
• 1848 – Christian VIII of Denmark (b. 1786)
• 1850 – Adam Oehlenschläger, Danish poet and playwright (b. 1779)
• 1852 – Ōnomatsu Midorinosuke, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 6th Yokozuna (b. 1794)
• 1873 – Basil Moreau, French priest, founded the Congregation of Holy Cross (b. 1799)
• 1875 – Jean-François Millet, French painter and educator (b. 1814)
• 1891 – Kalākaua of Hawaii (b. 1836)
• 1900 – John Ruskin, English painter and critic (b. 1819)
• 1901 – Zénobe Gramme, Belgian engineer, invented the Gramme machine (b. 1826)
• 1907 – Agnes Mary Clerke, Irish astronomer and author (b. 1842)
• 1908 – John Ordronaux, American surgeon and academic (b. 1830)
• 1913 – José Guadalupe Posada, Mexican engraver and illustrator (b. 1852)
• 1915 – Arthur Guinness, 1st Baron Ardilaun, Irish businessman, philanthropist, and politician (b. 1840)
• 1920 – Georg Lurich, Estonian-Russian wrestler and strongman (b. 1876)
• 1921 – Mary Watson Whitney, American astronomer and academic (b. 1847)
• 1924 – Ivor Crapp, Australian footballer and umpire (b. 1872)
• 1936 – George V of the United Kingdom (b. 1865)
• 1940 – Omar Bundy, American general (b. 1861)
• 1944 – James McKeen Cattell, American psychologist and academic (b. 1860)
• 1947 – Josh Gibson, American baseball player (b. 1911)
• 1947 – Andrew Volstead, American member of the United States House of Representatives (b. 1860)
• 1954 – Warren Bardsley, Australian cricketer (b. 1882)
• 1954 – Fred Root, English cricketer and umpire (b. 1890)
• 1955 – Robert P. T. Coffin, American author and poet (b. 1892)
• 1962 – Robinson Jeffers, American poet and philosopher (b. 1887)
• 1965 – Alan Freed, American radio host (b. 1922)
• 1971 – Broncho Billy Anderson, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1880)
• 1971 – Minanogawa Tōzō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 34th Yokozuna (b. 1903)
• 1973 – Lorenz Böhler, Austrian physician and surgeon (b. 1885)
• 1973 – Amílcar Cabral, Guinea Bissauan-Cape Verdian engineer and politician (b. 1924)
• 1977 – Dimitrios Kiousopoulos, Greek jurist and politician, 151st Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1892)
• 1980 – William Roberts, English soldier and painter (b. 1895)
• 1983 – Garrincha, Brazilian footballer (b. 1933)
• 1984 – Johnny Weissmuller, American swimmer and actor (b. 1904)
• 1988 – Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Pakistani activist and politician (b. 1890)
• 1988 – Dora Stratou, Greek dancer and choreographer (b. 1903)
• 1989 – Alamgir Kabir, Bangladeshi director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1938)
• 1990 – Barbara Stanwyck, American actress (b. 1907)
• 1993 – Audrey Hepburn, British actress and humanitarian activist (b. 1929)
• 1994 – Matt Busby, Scottish footballer and coach (b. 1909)
• 1994 – Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, first Kenyan Vice-President (b. 1911)
• 1996 – Gerry Mulligan, American saxophonist and composer (b. 1927)
• 2002 – Carrie Hamilton, American actress and singer (b. 1963)
• 2003 – Al Hirschfeld, American painter and illustrator (b. 1903)
• 2003 – Nedra Volz, American actress (b. 1908)
• 2004 – Alan Brown, English race car driver (b. 1919)
• 2004 – T. Nadaraja, Sri Lankan lawyer and academic (b. 1917)
• 2005 – Per Borten, Norwegian lawyer and politician, 18th Prime Minister of Norway (b. 1913)
• 2005 – Roland Frye, American theologian and critic (b. 1921)
• 2005 – Jan Nowak-Jeziorański, Polish journalist and politician (b. 1913)
• 2005 – Miriam Rothschild, English zoologist, entomologist, and author (b. 1908)
• 2006 – Dave Lepard, Swedish singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1980)
• 2007 – Dan Christensen, American painter (b. 1942)
• 2009 – Stéphanos II Ghattas, Egyptian patriarch (b. 1920)
• 2009 – Sheila Walsh, English author (b. 1928)
• 2012 – John F. Baker, Jr., American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1945)
• 2012 – Etta James, American singer-songwriter (b. 1938)
• 2012 – John Levy, American bassist and manager (b. 1912)
• 2012 – Ioannis Kefalogiannis, Greek politician, Greek Minister of the Interior (b. 1933)
• 2012 – Alejandro Rodriguez, Venezuelan-American pediatrician and psychiatrist (b. 1918)
• 2013 – Pavlos Matesis, Greek author and playwright (b. 1933)
• 2013 – Toyo Shibata, Japanese poet and author (b. 1911)
• 2014 – Claudio Abbado, Italian conductor (b. 1933)
• 2014 – Otis G. Pike, American judge and politician (b. 1921)
• 2014 – Jonas Trinkūnas, Lithuanian ethnologist and academic (b. 1939)
• 2015 – Edgar Froese, Russian-German keyboard player and songwriter (b. 1944)
• 2016 – Mykolas Burokevičius, Lithuanian carpenter and politician (b. 1927)
• 2016 – Edmonde Charles-Roux, French journalist and author (b. 1920)
• 2016 – David G. Hartwell, American anthologist, author, and critic (b. 1941)
• 2017 – Harry J. Middleton, American writer and library director (b. 1921)

Greece