[edit]

• 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is recognized in Antioch and makes it his capital.
• 711 – Umayyad conquest of Hispania: Battle of Guadalete: Umayyad forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by King Roderic.
• 939 – Battle of Simancas: King Ramiro II of León defeats the Moorish army under Caliph Abd-al-Rahman III near the city of Simancas.
• 998 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Battle of Apamea: Fatimids defeat a Byzantine army near Apamea.
• 1333 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Battle of Halidon Hill: The English win a decisive victory over the Scots.
• 1544 – Italian War of 1542–46: The first Siege of Boulogne begins.
• 1545 – The Tudor warship Mary Rose sinks off Portsmouth; in 1982 the wreck is salvaged in one of the most complex and expensive projects in the history of maritime archaeology.
• 1553 – Lady Jane Grey is replaced by Mary I of England as Queen of England after only nine days on the throne.
• 1588 – Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines: The Spanish Armada is sighted in the English Channel.
• 1701 – Representatives of the Iroquois Confederacy sign the Nanfan Treaty, ceding a large territory north of the Ohio River to England.
• 1702 – Great Northern War: A numerically superior Polish-Saxon army of Augustus II the Strong, operating from an advantageous defensive position, is defeated by a Swedish army half its size under the command of King Charles XII in the Battle of Klissow.
• 1817 – Unsuccessful in his attempt to conquer the Kingdom of Hawaii for the Russian-American Company, Georg Anton Schäffer is forced to admit defeat and leave Kauai.
• 1821 – Coronation of George IV of the United Kingdom.
• 1832 – The British Medical Association is founded as the Provincial Medical and Surgical Association by Sir Charles Hastings at a meeting in the Board Room of the Worcester Infirmary.
• 1843 – Brunel's steamship the SS Great Britain is launched, becoming the first ocean-going craft with an iron hull and screw propeller, becoming the largest vessel afloat in the world.
• 1845 – Great New York City Fire of 1845: The last great fire to affect Manhattan began early in the morning and was subdued that afternoon. The fire killed four firefighters, 26 civilians, and destroyed 345 buildings.
• 1848 – Women's rights: A two-day Women's Rights Convention opens in Seneca Falls, New York.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Morgan's Raid: At Buffington Island in Ohio, Confederate General John Hunt Morgan's raid into the north is mostly thwarted when a large group of his men are captured while trying to escape across the Ohio River.
• 1864 – Taiping Rebellion: Third Battle of Nanking: The Qing dynasty finally defeats the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
• 1870 – Franco-Prussian War: France declares war on Prussia.
• 1900 – The first line of the Paris Métro opens for operation.
• 1903 – Maurice Garin wins the first Tour de France.
• 1916 – World War I: Battle of Fromelles: British and Australian troops attack German trenches as part of the Battle of the Somme.
• 1940 – World War II: Battle of Cape Spada: The Royal Navy and the Regia Marina clash; the Italian light cruiser Bartolomeo Colleoni sinks, with 121 casualties.
• 1940 – Field Marshal Ceremony: First occasion in World War II, that Hitler appointed field marshals due to military achievements.
• 1940 – World War II: Army order 112 forms the Intelligence Corps of the British Army.
• 1942 – World War II: Battle of the Atlantic: German Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz orders the last U-boats to withdraw from their United States Atlantic coast positions in response to the effective American convoy system.
• 1943 – World War II: Rome is heavily bombed by more than 500 Allied aircraft, inflicting thousands of casualties.
• 1947 – Prime Minister of the shadow Burmese government, Bogyoke Aung San and eight others are assassinated.
• 1947 – Korean politician Lyuh Woon-hyung is assassinated.
• 1952 – The Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XV Olympiad, were opened in Helsinki, Finland.
• 1961 – Tunisia imposes a blockade on the French naval base at Bizerte; the French would capture the entire town four days later.
• 1963 – Joe Walker flies a North American X-15 to a record altitude of 106,010 meters (347,800 feet) on X-15 Flight 90. Exceeding an altitude of 100 km, this flight qualifies as a human spaceflight under international convention.
• 1964 – Vietnam War: At a rally in Saigon, South Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyễn Khánh calls for expanding the war into North Vietnam.
• 1972 – Dhofar Rebellion: British SAS units help the Omani government against Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman rebels in the Battle of Mirbat.
• 1976 – Sagarmatha National Park in Nepal is created.
• 1979 – The Sandinista rebels overthrow the government of the Somoza family in Nicaragua.
• 1979 – Two gigantic supertankers collide off the island of Little Tobago in the Caribbean Sea, killing 26 crew members and spilling 280,000 tons of crude oil into the sea.
• 1980 – The Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXII Olympiad, opened in Moscow, Soviet Union.
• 1981 – In a private meeting with U.S. President Ronald Reagan, French President François Mitterrand reveals the existence of the Farewell Dossier, a collection of documents showing the Soviet Union had been stealing American technological research and development.
• 1983 – The first three-dimensional reconstruction of a human head in a CT is published.
• 1985 – The Val di Stava dam collapses killing 268 people in Val di Stava, Italy.
• 1989 – United Airlines Flight 232 crashes in Sioux City, Iowa killing 111.
• 1992 – A car bomb kills Judge Paolo Borsellino and five members of his escort
• 1997 – The Troubles: The Provisional Irish Republican Army resumes a ceasefire to end their 25-year paramilitary campaign to end British rule in Northern Ireland.
• 2014 – Gunmen in Egypt's western desert province of New Valley Governorate attack a military checkpoint, killing at least 21 soldiers. Egypt reportedly declares a state of emergency on its border with Sudan.

Births[edit]

• 810 – Muhammad al-Bukhari, Persian scholar (d. 870)
• 1420 – William VIII, Marquess of Montferrat (d. 1483)
• 1569 – Conrad Vorstius, Dutch theologian (d. 1622)
• 1670 – Richard Leveridge, English singer-songwriter (d. 1758)
• 1688 – Giuseppe Castiglione, Italian missionary and painter (d. 1766)
• 1744 – Heinrich Christian Boie, German author and poet (d. 1806)
• 1759 – Marianna Auenbrugger, Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1782)
• 1759 – Seraphim of Sarov, Russian monk and saint (d. 1833)
• 1771 – Thomas Talbot, Irish-Canadian colonel and politician (d. 1853)
• 1789 – John Martin, English painter, engraver, and illustrator (d. 1854)
• 1800 – Juan José Flores, Venezuelan general and politician, 1st President of Ecuador (d. 1864)
• 1814 – Samuel Colt, American businessman, founded the Colt's Manufacturing Company (d. 1862)
• 1819 – Gottfried Keller, Swiss author, poet, and playwright (d. 1890)
• 1822 – Princess Augusta of Cambridge (d. 1916)
• 1827 – Mangal Pandey, Indian soldier (d. 1857)
• 1834 – Edgar Degas, French painter, sculptor, and illustrator (d. 1917)
• 1842 – Frederic T. Greenhalge, English-American lawyer and politician, 38th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1896)
• 1849 – Ferdinand Brunetière, French scholar and critic (d. 1906)
• 1865 – Georges Friedel, French mineralogist and crystallographer (d. 1933)
• 1865 – Charles Horace Mayo, American surgeon, founded the Mayo Clinic (d. 1939)
• 1860 – Lizzie Borden, American woman, tried and acquitted for the murders of her parents in 1892 (d. 1927)
• 1868 – Florence Foster Jenkins, American soprano and educator (d. 1945)
• 1869 – Xenophon Stratigos, Greek general and politician, Greek Minister of Transport (d. 1927)
• 1876 – Joseph Fielding Smith, American religious leader, 10th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1972)
• 1877 – Arthur Fielder, English cricketer (d. 1949)
• 1881 – Friedrich Dessauer, German physicist and philosopher (d. 1963)
• 1883 – Max Fleischer, Austrian-American animator and producer (d. 1972)
• 1886 – Michael Fekete, Hungarian-Israeli mathematician and academic (d. 1957)
• 1888 – Enno Lolling, German physician (d. 1945)
• 1890 – George II of Greece (d. 1947)
• 1892 – Dick Irvin, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1957)
• 1893 – Vladimir Mayakovsky, Russian actor, playwright, and poet (d. 1930)
• 1894 – Aleksandr Khinchin, Russian mathematician and academic (d. 1959)
• 1894 – Khawaja Nazimuddin, Bangladeshi-Pakistani politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Pakistan (d. 1965)
• 1894 – Percy Spencer, American physicist and inventor of the microwave oven (d. 1969)
• 1895 – Xu Beihong, Chinese painter and academic (d. 1953)
• 1896 – Reginald Baker, English film producer (d. 1985)
• 1896 – A. J. Cronin, Scottish physician and novelist (d. 1981)
• 1896 – Bob Meusel, American baseball player and sailor (d. 1977)
• 1898 – Herbert Marcuse, German-American sociologist and philosopher (d. 1979)
• 1899 – Balai Chand Mukhopadhyay, Indian physician, author, poet, and playwright (d. 1979)
• 1902 – Samudrala Raghavacharya, Indian singer, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1968)
• 1904 – Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith, American lawyer and farmer (d. 1985)
• 1907 – Isabel Jewell, American actress (d. 1972)
• 1909 – Balamani Amma, Indian poet and author (d. 2004)
• 1914 – Marius Russo, American baseball player (d. 2005)
• 1916 – Phil Cavarretta, American baseball player and manager (d. 2010)
• 1917 – William Scranton, American captain and politician, 13th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 2013)
• 1919 – Patricia Medina, English-American actress (d. 2012)
• 1919 – Miltos Sachtouris, Greek poet and author (d. 2005)
• 1919 – Ron Searle, English-Canadian soldier, publisher, and politician, 4th Mayor of Mississauga (d. 2015)
• 1920 – Robert Mann, American violinist, composer, and conductor
• 1920 – Richard Oriani, Salvadoran-American metallurgist and engineer (d. 2015)
• 1921 – Harold Camping, American evangelist, author, radio host (d. 2013)
• 1921 – André Moynet, French soldier, race car driver, and politician (d. 1993)
• 1921 – Elizabeth Spencer, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright
• 1921 – Rosalyn Sussman Yalow, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)
• 1922 – George McGovern, American lieutenant, historian, and politician (d. 2012)
• 1923 – Theo Barker, English historian (d. 2001)
• 1923 – Joseph Hansen, American author and poet (d. 2004)
• 1923 – William A. Rusher, American lawyer and journalist (d. 2011)
• 1923 – Lon Simmons, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2015)
• 1924 – Stanley K. Hathaway, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 40th United States Secretary of the Interior (d. 2005)
• 1924 – Pat Hingle, American actor and producer (d. 2009)
• 1924 – Arthur Rankin Jr., American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2014)
• 1925 – Sue Thompson, American singer
• 1926 – Helen Gallagher, American actress, singer, and dancer
• 1929 – Gaston Glock, Austrian engineer and businessman, co-founded Glock Ges.m.b.H.
• 1932 – Buster Benton, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1996)
• 1932 – Jan Lindblad, Swedish biologist and photographer (d. 1987)
• 1934 – Francisco de Sá Carneiro, Portuguese lawyer and politician, 111th Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1980)
• 1935 – Nick Koback, American baseball player and golfer (d. 2015)
• 1936 – David Colquhoun, English pharmacologist and academic
• 1937 – George Hamilton IV, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2014)
• 1938 – Richard Jordan, American actor (d. 1993)
• 1938 – Jayant Narlikar, Indian astrophysicist and astronomer
• 1938 – Tom Raworth, English poet and academic
• 1941 – Vikki Carr, American singer and actress
• 1941 – Neelie Kroes, Dutch politician and diplomat, European Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society
• 1943 – Han Sai Por, Singaporean sculptor and academic
• 1944 – Tim McIntire, American actor and singer (d. 1986)
• 1944 – Andres Vooremaa, Estonian chess player
• 1945 – Paule Baillargeon, Canadian actress, director, and screenwriter
• 1946 – Alan Gorrie, Scottish singer-songwriter and musician (Average White Band)
• 1946 – Ilie Năstase, Romanian tennis player and politician
• 1947 – André Forcier, Canadian director and screenwriter
• 1947 – Hans-Jürgen Kreische, German footballer and manager
• 1947 – Bernie Leadon, American guitarist and songwriter
• 1947 – Brian May, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and astrophysicist
• 1948 – Keith Godchaux, American keyboard player and songwriter (d. 1980)
• 1950 – Per-Kristian Foss, Norwegian politician, Norwegian Minister of Finance
• 1950 – Freddy Moore, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1950 – Adrian Noble, English director and screenwriter
• 1951 – Abel Ferrara, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1952 – Allen Collins, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 1990)
• 1952 – Jayne Anne Phillips American novelist and short story writer
• 1954 – Mark O'Donnell, American playwright (d. 2012)
• 1954 – Steve O'Donnell, American screenwriter and producer
• 1954 – Srđa Trifković, Serbian-American journalist and historian
• 1955 – Roger Binny, Indian cricketer and sportscaster
• 1955 – Dalton McGuinty, Canadian lawyer and politician, 24th Premier of Ontario
• 1956 – Mark Crispin, American computer scientist, designed the IMAP (d. 2012)
• 1958 – Brad Drewett, Australian tennis player and sportscaster (d. 2013)
• 1958 – Robert Gibson, American wrestler
• 1958 – David Robertson, American conductor
• 1959 – Juan J. Campanella, Argentinian director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1960 – Atom Egoyan, Egyptian-Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1960 – Kevin Haskins, English drummer and songwriter
• 1961 – Harsha Bhogle, Indian journalist and author
• 1961 – Maria Filatova, Russian gymnast
• 1961 – Lisa Lampanelli, American comedian, actress, and author
• 1961 – Benoît Mariage, Belgian director and screenwriter
• 1961 – Hideo Nakata, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1961 – Campbell Scott, American actor, director, and producer
• 1962 – Anthony Edwards, American actor and director
• 1963 – Garth Nix, Australian author
• 1964 – Masahiko Kondō, Japanese singer-songwriter and race car driver
• 1965 – Evelyn Glennie, Scottish musician
• 1965 – Claus-Dieter Wollitz, German footballer and manager
• 1967 – Yael Abecassis, Israeli model and actress
• 1967 – Jean-François Mercier, Canadian comedian, screenwriter, and television host
• 1968 – Robb Flynn, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1968 – Pavel Kuka, Czech footballer and manager
• 1968 – Jim Norton, American comedian, actor, and author
• 1969 – Matthew Libatique, American cinematographer
• 1970 – Bill Chen, American poker player and software designer
• 1970 – Nicola Sturgeon, Scottish lawyer and politician, First Minister of Scotland
• 1971 – Rene Busch, Estonian tennis player and coach
• 1971 – Vitali Klitschko, Ukrainian boxer and politician, Mayor of Kiev
• 1971 – Michael Modest, American wrestler
• 1971 – Catriona Rowntree, Australian television host
• 1971 – Lesroy Weekes, Montserratian cricketer
• 1972 – Ebbe Sand, Danish footballer and manager
• 1973 – Martin Powell, English keyboard player and songwriter
• 1973 – Scott Walker, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1974 – Rey Bucanero, Mexican wrestler
• 1974 – Francisco Copado, German footballer and manager
• 1974 – Josée Piché, Canadian ice dancer
• 1974 – Vince Spadea, American tennis player
• 1974 – Preston Wilson, American baseball player and sportscaster
• 1975 – Luca Castellazzi, Italian footballer
• 1976 – Benedict Cumberbatch, English actor
• 1976 – Gonzalo de los Santos, Uruguayan footballer and manager
• 1977 – Jean-Sébastien Aubin, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1977 – Tony Mamaluke, American wrestler and manager
• 1977 – Ed Smith, English cricketer and journalist
• 1978 – Brittany CoxXx, American performer in gay and transsexual pornography (d. 2016)
• 1979 – Rick Ankiel, American baseball player
• 1979 – Josué Anunciado de Oliveira, Brazilian footballer
• 1979 – Dilhara Fernando, Sri Lankan cricketer
• 1979 – Luke Young, English footballer
• 1980 – Xavier Malisse, Belgian tennis player
• 1980 – Giorgio Mondini, Italian race car driver
• 1981 – Nenê, Brazilian footballer
• 1981 – David Bernard, Jamaican cricketer
• 1981 – Mark Gasnier, Australian rugby player and sportscaster
• 1981 – Jimmy Gobble, American baseball player
• 1981 – Grégory Vignal, French footballer
• 1982 – Christopher Bear, American drummer
• 1982 – Phil Coke, American baseball player
• 1982 – Jared Padalecki, American actor
• 1982 – Jess Vanstrattan, Australian footballer
• 1983 – Helen Skelton, English television host and actress
• 1983 – Fedor Tyutin, Russian ice hockey player
• 1984 – Adam Morrison, American basketball player
• 1984 – Ryan O'Byrne, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1984 – Lewis Price, Welsh footballer
• 1985 – LaMarcus Aldridge, American basketball player
• 1985 – Zhou Haibin, Chinese footballer
• 1985 – Marina Kuzina, Russian basketball player
• 1985 – Hadi Norouzi, Iranian footballer (d. 2015)
• 1986 – Leandro Greco, Italian footballer
• 1987 – Jon Jones, American mixed martial artist
• 1987 – Marc Murphy, Australian footballer
• 1988 – Shane Dawson, American comedian and actor
• 1988 – Jakub Kovář, Czech ice hockey player
• 1989 – Sam McKendry, Australian-New Zealand rugby league player
• 1991 – Eray İşcan, Turkish footballer
• 1992 – Jake Nicholson, English footballer
• 1994 – Christian Welch, Australian rugby league player

Deaths[edit]

• 514 – Pope Symmachus
• 806 – Li Shigu, Chinese general (b. 778)
• 998 – Damian Dalassenos, Byzantine general (b. 940)
• 1030 – Adalberon, bishop of Laon
• 1234 – Floris IV, Count of Holland (b. 1210)
• 1249 – Jacopo Tiepolo, Doge of Venice
• 1333 – John Campbell, Earl of Atholl
• 1333 – Alexander Bruce, Earl of Carrick
• 1333 – Sir Archibald Douglas, Scottish nobleman
• 1333 – Maol Choluim II, Earl of Lennox
• 1333 – Kenneth de Moravia, 4th Earl of Sutherland
• 1374 – Petrarch, Italian poet and scholar (b. 1304)
• 1415 – Philippa of Lancaster (b. 1359)
• 1543 – Mary Boleyn, English daughter of Elizabeth Boleyn, Countess of Wiltshire (b. 1499)
• 1631 – Cesare Cremonini, Italian philosopher and academic (b. 1550)
• 1742 – William Somervile, English poet and author (b. 1675)
• 1810 – Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b. 1776)
• 1814 – Matthew Flinders, English navigator and cartographer (b. 1774)
• 1824 – Agustín de Iturbide, Mexican general and emperor (b. 1783)
• 1838 – Pierre Louis Dulong, French physicist and chemist (b. 1785)
• 1850 – Margaret Fuller, American journalist and critic (b. 1810)
• 1855 – Konstantin Batyushkov, Russian poet and translator (b. 1787)
• 1857 – Stefano Franscini, Swiss statistician and politician (b. 1796)
• 1878 – Yegor Ivanovich Zolotarev, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1847)
• 1896 – Abraham H. Cannon, American publisher and religious leader (b. 1859)
• 1913 – Clímaco Calderón, Colombian lawyer and politician, 15th President of Colombia (b. 1852)
• 1925 – John Indermaur, British lawyer (b. 1851)
• 1933 – Kaarle Krohn, Finnish historian and academic (b. 1863)
• 1939 – Rose Hartwick Thorpe, American poet and author (b. 1850)
• 1943 – Yekaterina Budanova, Russian captain and pilot (b. 1916)
• 1947 – U Razak, Burmese educator and politician (b. 1898)
• 1947 – Aung San, Burmese general and politician (b. 1915)
• 1947 – Lyuh Woon-hyung, South Korean politician (b. 1886)
• 1963 – William Andrew, English priest (b. 1884)
• 1965 – Syngman Rhee, South Korean journalist and politician, 1st President of South Korea (b. 1875)
• 1967 – Odell Shepard, American poet and politician, 66th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut (b. 1884)
• 1969 – Stratis Myrivilis, Greek soldier and author (b. 1890)
• 1974 – Ernő Schwarz, Hungarian-American soccer player and coach (b. 1904)
• 1975 – Lefty Frizzell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1928)
• 1977 – Karl Ristikivi, Estonian geographer, author, and poet (b. 1912)
• 1980 – Margaret Craven, American journalist and author (b. 1901)
• 1980 – Nihat Erim, Turkish jurist and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1912)
• 1980 – Hans Morgenthau, German-American political scientist, philosopher, and academic (b. 1904)
• 1981 – Roger Doucet, Canadian tenor (b. 1919)
• 1982 – Hugh Everett III, American physicist and mathematician (b. 1930)
• 1984 – Faina Ranevskaya, Russian actress (b. 1896)
• 1985 – Janusz Zajdel, Polish author (b. 1938)
• 1989 – Kazimierz Sabbat, Polish businessman and politician, President of the Republic of Poland (b. 1913)
• 1990 – Eddie Quillan, American actor (b. 1907)
• 1992 – Paolo Borsellino, Italian lawyer and judge (b. 1940)
• 1994 – Victor Barbeau, Canadian author and academic (b. 1896)
• 1998 – Elmer Valo, Polish-American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1921)
• 2002 – Dave Carter, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1952)
• 2002 – Alan Lomax, American historian, scholar, and activist (b. 1915)
• 2003 – Bill Bright, American evangelist and author, founded the Campus Crusade for Christ (b. 1921)
• 2003 – Pierre Graber, Swiss politician, President of the Swiss National Council (b. 1908)
• 2004 – Sylvia Daoust, Canadian sculptor (b. 1902)
• 2004 – Francis A. Marzen, American priest and journalist (b. 1924)
• 2004 – Zenkō Suzuki, Japanese politician, 70th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1911)
• 2005 – Edward Bunker, American author and screenwriter (b. 1933)
• 2006 – Jack Warden, American actor (b. 1920)
• 2007 – A. K. Faezul Huq, Bangladeshi journalist, lawyer, and politician (b. 1945)
• 2007 – Roberto Fontanarrosa, Argentinian cartoonist (b. 1944)
• 2008 – Dercy Gonçalves, Brazilian comedian and actress (b. 1907)
• 2009 – Frank McCourt, American author and educator (b. 1930)
• 2009 – Henry Surtees, English race car driver (b. 1991)
• 2010 – Cécile Aubry, French actress, author, television screenwriter and director (b. 1928)
• 2010 – Jon Cleary, Australian author and playwright (b. 1917)
• 2012 – Humayun Ahmed, Bangladeshi director and playwright (b. 1948)
• 2012 – Tom Davis, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1952)
• 2012 – Mohammad Hassan Ganji, Iranian meteorologist and academic (b. 1912)
• 2012 – Omar Suleiman, Egyptian general and politician, 16th Vice President of Egypt (b. 1935)
• 2012 – Sylvia Woods, American businesswoman, co-founded Sylvia's Restaurant of Harlem (b. 1926)
• 2012 – Valiulla Yakupov, Islamic cleric (b. 1963)
• 2013 – Mikhail Gorsheniov, Russian singer-songwriter (b. 1973)
• 2013 – Geeto Mongol, Canadian-American wrestler and trainer (b. 1931)
• 2013 – Mel Smith, English actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1952)
• 2013 – Bert Trautmann, German footballer and manager (b. 1923)
• 2013 – Phil Woosnam, Welsh-American soccer player and manager (b. 1932)
• 2013 – Peter Ziegler, Swiss geologist and academic (b. 1928)
• 2013 – Leyla Erbil, Turkish author (b. 1931)
• 2014 – David Easton, Canadian-American political scientist and academic (b. 1917)
• 2014 – Paul M. Fleiss, American pediatrician and author (b. 1933)
• 2014 – James Garner, American actor (b. 1928)
• 2014 – Ray King, English footballer and manager (b. 1924)
• 2014 – John Winkin, American baseball player, coach, and journalist (b. 1919)
• 2015 – Van Alexander, American composer and conductor (b. 1915)
• 2015 – Galina Prozumenshchikova, Ukrainian-Russian swimmer and journalist (b. 1948)
• 2015 – Carmino Ravosa, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (b. 1930)
• 2015 – Gennadiy Seleznyov, Russian journalist and politician, 2nd Speaker of the Duma (b. 1947)
• 2016 – Garry Marshall, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1934)

[edit]

• 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory.
• 1248 – The University of Oxford receives its Royal charter.
• 1620 – The Battle of Höchst takes place during the Thirty Years' War.
• 1631 – The sack of Baltimore: The Irish village of Baltimore is attacked by Algerian pirates.
• 1652 – Tarhoncu Ahmed Pasha is appointed Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire.
• 1685 – Monmouth Rebellion: James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth declares himself King of England at Bridgwater.
• 1756 – A British garrison is imprisoned in the Black Hole of Calcutta.
• 1782 – The U.S. Congress adopts the Great Seal of the United States.
• 1787 – Oliver Ellsworth moves at the Federal Convention to call the government the 'United States'.
• 1789 – Deputies of the French Third Estate take the Tennis Court Oath.
• 1819 – The U.S. vessel SS Savannah arrives at Liverpool, United Kingdom. It is the first steam-propelled vessel to cross the Atlantic, although most of the journey is made under sail.
• 1837 – Queen Victoria succeeds to the British throne.
• 1840 – Samuel Morse receives the patent for the telegraph.
• 1862 – Barbu Catargiu, the Prime Minister of Romania, is assassinated.
• 1863 – American Civil War: West Virginia is admitted as the 35th U.S. state.
• 1877 – Alexander Graham Bell installs the world's first commercial telephone service in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
• 1893 – Lizzie Borden is acquitted of the murders of her father and stepmother.
• 1895 – The Kiel Canal, crossing the base of the Jutland peninsula and the busiest artificial waterway in the world, is officially opened.
• 1900 – Boxer Rebellion: The Imperial Chinese Army begins a 55-day siege of the Legation Quarter in Beijing, China.
• 1900 – Baron Eduard Toll, leader of the Russian Polar Expedition of 1900, departs Saint Petersburg in Russia on the explorer ship Zarya, never to return.
• 1921 – Workers of Buckingham and Carnatic Mills in the city of Chennai, India, begin a four-month strike.
• 1940 – World War II: Italy begins an unsuccessful invasion of France.
• 1941 – The United States Army Air Corps is deprecated to being the American training and logistics section of what is known until 1947 as the United States Army Air Forces, just two days before Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union.
• 1942 – The Holocaust: Kazimierz Piechowski and three others, dressed as members of the SS-Totenkopfverbände, steal an SS staff car and escape from the Auschwitz concentration camp.
• 1943 – The Detroit race riot breaks out and continues for three more days.
• 1943 – World War II: The Royal Air Force launches Operation Bellicose, the first shuttle bombing raid of the war. Lancaster bombers damage the V-2 rocket production facilities at the Zeppelin Works while en route to an air base in Algeria.
• 1944 – World War II: The Battle of the Philippine Sea concludes with a decisive U.S. naval victory. The lopsided naval air battle is also known as the "Great Marianas Turkey Shoot".
• 1944 – Continuation War: The Soviet Union demands an unconditional surrender from Finland during the beginning of partially successful Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive. The Finnish government refuses.
• 1944 – The experimental MW 18014 V-2 rocket reaches an altitude of 176km, becoming the first man-made object to reach outer space.
• 1945 – The United States Secretary of State approves the transfer of Wernher von Braun and his team of Nazi rocket scientists to the U.S. under Operation Paperclip.
• 1948 – The Deutsche Mark is introduced in Western Allied-occupied Germany. The Communists respond by imposing the Berlin Blockade four days later.
• 1956 – A Venezuelan Super-Constellation crashes in the Atlantic Ocean off Asbury Park, New Jersey, killing 74 people.
• 1959 – A rare June hurricane strikes Canada's Gulf of St. Lawrence killing 35.
• 1960 – The Mali Federation gains independence from France (it later splits into Mali and Senegal).
• 1963 – Following the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Soviet Union and the United States sign an agreement to establish the so-called "red telephone" link between Washington and Moscow.
• 1972 – Watergate scandal: An 18½-minute gap appears in the tape recording of the conversations between U.S. President Richard Nixon and his advisers regarding the recent arrests of his operatives while breaking into the Watergate complex.
• 1973 – Snipers fire upon left-wing Peronists in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in what is known as the Ezeiza massacre. At least 13 are killed and more than 300 are injured.
• 1975 – The film Jaws is released in the United States, becoming the highest-grossing film of that time and starting the trend of films known as "summer blockbusters".
• 1979 – ABC News correspondent Bill Stewart is shot dead by a Nicaraguan soldier under the regime of Anastasio Somoza Debayle. The murder is caught on tape and sparks an international outcry against the regime.
• 1982 – The Argentine Corbeta Uruguay base on Southern Thule surrenders to Royal Marine commandos in the final action of the Falklands War.
• 1990 – Asteroid Eureka is discovered.
• 1990 – The 7.4 Mw Manjil–Rudbar earthquake affects northern Iran with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme), killing 35,000–50,000, and injuring 60,000–105,000.
• 1991 – German Bundestag votes to move seat of government to Berlin.
• 1994 – The 1994 Imam Reza shrine bomb explosion in Iran leaves at least 25 dead and 70 to 300 injured.
• 2003 – The Wikimedia Foundation is founded in St. Petersburg, Florida.

Births[edit]

• 1005 – Ali az-Zahir, Fatimid caliph (d. 1036)
• 1389 – John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (d. 1435)
• 1469 – Gian Galeazzo Sforza, Duke of Milan (d. 1494)
• 1485 – Astorre III Manfredi, Italian lord (d. 1502)
• 1566 – Sigismund III Vasa, Polish and Swedish king (d. 1632)
• 1583 – Jacob De la Gardie, Swedish soldier and politician, Lord High Constable of Sweden (d. 1652)
• 1634 – Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy (d. 1675)
• 1642 – George Hickes, English minister and scholar (d. 1715)
• 1647 – John George III, Elector of Saxony (d. 1691)
• 1699 – William Gustav of Anhalt-Dessau (d. 1737)
• 1717 – Jacques Saly, French sculptor and painter (d. 1776)
• 1723 – Adam Ferguson, Scottish philosopher and historian (d. 1816)
• 1737 – Tokugawa Ieharu, Japanese shogun (d. 1786)
• 1754 – Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (d. 1832)
• 1756 – Joseph Martin Kraus, German-Swedish composer and educator (d. 1792)
• 1761 – Jacob Hübner, German entomologist and author (d. 1826)
• 1763 – Wolfe Tone, Irish rebel leader (d. 1798)
• 1770 – Moses Waddel, American minister and academic (d. 1840)
• 1771 – Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk, Scottish philanthropist and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Kirkcudbright (d. 1820)
• 1771 – Hermann von Boyen, Prussian general and politician, Prussian Minister of War (d. 1848)
• 1777 – Jean-Jacques Lartigue, Canadian bishop (d. 1840)
• 1778 – Jean Baptiste Gay, vicomte de Martignac, French politician, 7th Prime Minister of France (d. 1832)
• 1786 – Marceline Desbordes-Valmore, French poet and author (d. 1859)
• 1796 – Luigi Amat di San Filippo e Sorso, Italian cardinal (d. 1878)
• 1808 – Samson Raphael Hirsch, German rabbi and scholar (d. 1888)
• 1809 – Isaak August Dorner, German theologian and academic (d. 1884)
• 1813 – Joseph Autran, French poet and author (d. 1877)
• 1819 – Jacques Offenbach, German-French cellist and composer (d. 1880)
• 1855 – Richard Lodge, English historian and academic (d. 1936)
• 1858 – Charles W. Chesnutt, American novelist and short story writer (d. 1932)
• 1860 – Alexander Winton, Scottish-American race car driver and engineer (d. 1932)
• 1860 – Jack Worrall, Australian cricketer, footballer, and coach (d. 1937)
• 1861 – Frederick Gowland Hopkins, English biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1947)
• 1865 – George Redmayne Murray, English biologist and physician (d. 1939)
• 1866 – James Burns, English cricketer (d. 1957)
• 1869 – Laxmanrao Kirloskar, Indian businessman, founded the Kirloskar Group (d. 1956)
• 1870 – Georges Dufrénoy, French painter and academic (d. 1943)
• 1872 – George Carpenter, American 5th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1948)
• 1875 – Reginald Punnett, English geneticist, statistician, and academic (d. 1967)
• 1882 – Daniel Sawyer, American golfer (d. 1937)
• 1884 – Mary R. Calvert, American astronomer and author (d. 1974)
• 1884 – Johannes Heinrich Schultz, German psychiatrist and psychotherapist (d. 1970)
• 1885 – Andrzej Gawroński, Polish linguist and academic (d. 1927)
• 1887 – Kurt Schwitters, German painter and illustrator (d. 1948)
• 1889 – John S. Paraskevopoulos, Greek-South African astronomer and academic (d. 1951)
• 1890 – Giorgio Morandi, Italian painter (d. 1964)
• 1891 – Giannina Arangi-Lombardi, Italian soprano (d. 1951)
• 1891 – John A. Costello, Irish lawyer and politician, 3rd Taoiseach of Ireland (d. 1976)
• 1893 – Wilhelm Zaisser, German soldier and politician (d. 1958)
• 1894 – Lloyd Hall, American chemist and academic (d. 1971)
• 1896 – Wilfrid Pelletier, Canadian pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1982)
• 1897 – Elisabeth Hauptmann, German author and playwright (d. 1973)
• 1899 – Jean Moulin, French soldier and engineer (d. 1943)
• 1903 – Sam Rabin, English wrestler, sculptor, and singer (d. 1991)
• 1905 – Lillian Hellman, American playwright and screenwriter (d. 1984)
• 1906 – Bob King, American high jumper and obstetrician (d. 1965)
• 1907 – Jimmy Driftwood, American singer-songwriter and banjo player (d. 1998)
• 1908 – Billy Werber, American baseball player (d. 2009)
• 1909 – Errol Flynn, Australian-American actor (d. 1959)
• 1910 – Josephine Johnson, American author and poet (d. 1990)
• 1911 – Gail Patrick, American actress (d. 1980)
• 1912 – Anthony Buckeridge, English author (d. 2004)
• 1912 – Jack Torrance, American shot putter and football player (d. 1969)
• 1914 – Gordon Juckes, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1994)
• 1914 – Muazzez İlmiye Çığ, Turkish archaeologist and academic
• 1915 – Dick Reynolds, Australian footballer and coach (d. 2002)
• 1915 – Terence Young, Chinese-English director and screenwriter (d. 1994)
• 1916 – Jean-Jacques Bertrand, Canadian lawyer and politician, 21st Premier of Quebec (d. 1973)
• 1916 – Johnny Morris, Welsh-English television host (d. 1999)
• 1916 – T. Texas Tyler, American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1972)
• 1917 – Helena Rasiowa, Austrian-Polish mathematician and academic (d. 1994)
• 1917 – Igor Śmiałowski, Russian-Polish actor (d. 2006)
• 1918 – George Lynch, American race car driver (d. 1997)
• 1918 – Zoltán Sztáray, Hungarian-American author (d. 2011)
• 1920 – Geoffrey Baker, English Field Marshal and Chief of the General Staff of the British Army (d. 1980)
• 1920 – Danny Cedrone, American guitarist and bandleader (d. 1954)
• 1920 – Thomas Jefferson, American trumpet player
• 1921 – Byron Farwell, American historian and author (d. 1999)
• 1921 – Pancho Segura, Ecuadorian tennis player
• 1923 – Peter Gay, German-American historian, author, and academic (d. 2015)
• 1923 – Jerzy Nowak, Polish actor and educator (d. 2013)
• 1924 – Chet Atkins, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2001)
• 1924 – Fritz Koenig, German sculptor and academic, designed The Sphere (d.2017)
• 1925 – Doris Hart, American tennis player and educator (d. 2015)
• 1925 – Audie Murphy, American lieutenant and actor Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1971)
• 1926 – Rehavam Ze'evi, Israeli general and politician, 9th Israeli Minister of Tourism (d. 2001)
• 1927 – Simin Behbahani, Iranian poet and activist (d. 2014)
• 1928 – Eric Dolphy, American saxophonist, flute player, and composer (d. 1964)
• 1928 – Martin Landau, American actor and producer (d. 2017)
• 1928 – Jean-Marie Le Pen, French intelligence officer and politician
• 1928 – Asrat Woldeyes, Ethiopian surgeon and educator (d. 1999)
• 1929 – Edgar Bronfman, Sr., Canadian-American businessman and philanthropist (d. 2013)
• 1929 – Anne Weale, English journalist and author (d. 2007)
• 1929 – Edith Windsor, American lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights activist
• 1930 – Magdalena Abakanowicz, Polish sculptor and academic (d. 2017)
• 1930 – Thomas Edwin Blanton Jr., American terrorist and convicted murderer
• 1930 – Bobby Frank Cherry, American terrorist and convicted murderer, (d. 2004)
• 1930 – Paul Pender, American boxer and firefighter (d. 2003)
• 1930 – John Waine, English bishop
• 1931 – Olympia Dukakis, American actress
• 1931 – James Tolkan, American actor and director
• 1932 – Robert Rozhdestvensky, Russian poet and author (d. 1994)
• 1933 – Danny Aiello, American actor
• 1933 – Claire Tomalin, English journalist and author
• 1934 – Wendy Craig, English actress
• 1935 – Jim Barker, American politician (d. 2005)
• 1935 – Len Dawson, American football player and sportscaster
• 1935 – Armando Picchi, Italian footballer and coach (d. 1971)
• 1936 – Billy Guy, American singer (d. 2002)
• 1936 – Philip Lowrie, English actor
• 1936 – Enn Vetemaa, Estonian author and screenwriter (d. 2017)
• 1937 – Stafford Dean, English actor and singer
• 1937 – Jerry Keller, American singer-songwriter
• 1938 – Joan Kirner, Australian educator and politician, 42nd Premier of Victoria (d. 2015)
• 1938 – Mickie Most, English music producer (d. 2003)
• 1939 – Ramakant Desai, Indian cricketer (d. 1998)
• 1939 – Budge Rogers, English rugby player and manager
• 1940 – Eugen Drewermann, German priest and theologian
• 1940 – John Mahoney, English actor
• 1941 – Stephen Frears, English actor, director, and producer
• 1941 – Ulf Merbold, German physicist and astronaut
• 1942 – Neil Trudinger, Australian mathematician and theorist
• 1942 – Brian Wilson, American singer-songwriter and producer
• 1945 – Anne Murray, Canadian singer and guitarist
• 1946 – Xanana Gusmão, Timorese soldier and politician, 1st President of East Timor
• 1946 – David Kazhdan, Russian-Israeli mathematician and academic
• 1946 – André Watts, American pianist and educator
• 1947 – Dolores "LaLa" Brooks, American pop singer (The Crystals)
• 1948 – Cirilo Flores, American bishop (d. 2014)
• 1948 – Ludwig Scotty, Nauruan politician, 10th President of Nauru
• 1949 – Alan Longmuir, Scottish bass player and songwriter
• 1949 – Lionel Richie, American singer-songwriter, pianist, producer, and actor (Commodores)
• 1950 – Nouri al-Maliki, Iraqi politician, 76th Prime Minister of Iraq
• 1951 – Tress MacNeille, American actress and voice artist
• 1951 – Sheila McLean, Scottish scholar and academic
• 1951 – Paul Muldoon, Irish poet and academic
• 1952 – John Goodman, American actor
• 1952 – Vikram Seth, Indian author and poet
• 1953 – Robert Crais, American author and screenwriter
• 1953 – Raúl Ramírez, Mexican tennis player
• 1953 – Willy Rampf, German engineer
• 1954 – Michael Anthony, American bass player
• 1954 – Allan Lamb, South African-English cricketer and sportscaster
• 1954 – Ilan Ramon, Israeli colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2003)
• 1955 – E. Lynn Harris, American author (d. 2009)
• 1956 – Peter Reid, English footballer and manager
• 1956 – Sohn Suk-hee, South Korean newscaster
• 1957 – Koko B. Ware, American wrestler
• 1958 – Kelly Johnson, English hard rock guitarist and songwriter (Girlschool) (d. 2007)
• 1960 – Philip M. Parker, American economist and author
• 1960 – John Taylor, English singer-songwriter, bass player, and actor
• 1963 – Kirk Baptiste, American sprinter
• 1964 – Pierfrancesco Chili, Italian motorcycle racer
• 1964 – Silke Möller, German runner
• 1966 – Boaz Yakin, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1967 – Nicole Kidman, American-Australian actress
• 1967 – Dan Tyminski, American singer-songwriter
• 1968 – Robert Rodriguez, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1969 – Paulo Bento, Portuguese footballer and manager
• 1969 – Peter Paige, American actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1969 – Misha Verbitsky, Russian mathematician and academic
• 1969 – MaliVai Washington, American tennis player and sportscaster
• 1970 – Andrea Nahles, German politician, German Minister of Labour and Social Affairs
• 1970 – Athol Williams, South African poet and social philosopher
• 1971 – Josh Lucas, American actor
• 1971 – Rodney Rogers, American basketball player and coach
• 1971 – Jeordie White, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and bass player
• 1972 – Alexis Alexoudis, Greek footballer
• 1972 – Paras Mhambrey, Indian cricketer
• 1973 – Chino Moreno, American singer-songwriter
• 1974 – Attila Czene, Hungarian swimmer and politician
• 1975 – Joan Balcells, Spanish tennis player
• 1975 – Daniel Zítka, Czech footballer
• 1976 – Juliano Belletti, Brazilian footballer
• 1976 – Carlos Lee, Panamanian baseball player
• 1977 – Gordan Giriček, Croatian basketball player
• 1978 – Frank Lampard, English footballer
• 1978 – Jan-Paul Saeijs, Dutch footballer
• 1979 – Charles Howell III, American golfer
• 1979 – Cael Sanderson, American wrestler and coach
• 1980 – Tony Lovato, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1980 – Franco Semioli, Italian footballer
• 1980 – Fabian Wegmann, German cyclist
• 1981 – Ardian Gashi, Kosovar footballer
• 1981 – Brede Hangeland, Norwegian footballer
• 1982 – Aleksei Berezutski, Russian footballer
• 1982 – Vasili Berezutski, Russian footballer
• 1982 – Example, English singer/rapper
• 1983 – Josh Childress, American basketball player
• 1983 – Masashi Mikami, Japanese actor
• 1984 – Hassan Adams, American basketball player
• 1985 – Saki Aibu, Japanese actress
• 1985 – Matt Flynn, American football player
• 1986 – Dreama Walker, American actress
• 1987 – A-fu, Taiwanese singer and songwriter
• 1987 – Carsten Ball, Australian tennis player
• 1987 – Asmir Begović, Bosnian footballer
• 1987 – Joseph Ebuya, Kenyan runner
• 1989 – Christopher Mintz-Plasse, American actor
• 1989 – Javier Pastore, Argentinian footballer
• 1990 – DeQuan Jones, American basketball player
• 1991 – Rick ten Voorde, Dutch footballer
• 1996 – Sam Bennett, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1999 – Yui Mizuno, Japanese singer

Deaths[edit]

• 465 – Emperor Wencheng of Northern Wei (b. 440)
• 656 – Uthman ibn Affan, Rashidun caliph (b. 577)
• 840 – Louis the Pious, Carolingian emperor (b. 778)
• 930 – Hucbald, Frankish monk and music theorist
• 1176 – Mikhail of Vladimir, Russian prince
• 1351 – Margareta Ebner, German nun and mystic (b. 1291)
• 1405 – Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan, fourth son of King Robert II of Scotland (b. 1343)
• 1597 – Willem Barentsz, Dutch cartographer and explorer (b. 1550)
• 1605 – Feodor II of Russia (b. 1589)
• 1668 – Heinrich Roth, German missionary and scholar (b. 1620)
• 1776 – Benjamin Huntsman, English businessman (b. 1704)
• 1787 – Carl Friedrich Abel, German viol player and composer (b. 1723)
• 1800 – Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician and academic (b. 1719)
• 1810 – Axel von Fersen the Younger, Swedish general and politician (b. 1755)
• 1815 – Guillaume Philibert Duhesme, French general (b. 1766)
• 1820 – Manuel Belgrano, Argentinian general, economist, and politician (b. 1770)
• 1837 – William IV of the United Kingdom (b. 1765)
• 1840 – Pierre Claude François Daunou, French historian and politician (b. 1761)
• 1847 – Juan Larrea, Argentinian captain and politician (b. 1782)
• 1869 – Hijikata Toshizō, Japanese commander (b. 1835)
• 1870 – Jules de Goncourt, French historian and author (b. 1830)
• 1872 – Élie Frédéric Forey, French general (b. 1804)
• 1875 – Joseph Meek, American police officer and politician (b. 1810)
• 1888 – Johannes Zukertort, Polish-English chess player (b. 1842)
• 1906 – John Clayton Adams, English painter (b. 1840)
• 1909 – Friedrich Martens, Estonian-Russian historian, lawyer, and diplomat (b. 1845)
• 1925 – Josef Breuer, Austrian physician and psychologist (b. 1842)
• 1929 – Emmanouil Benakis, Greek merchant and politician, 35th Mayor of Athens (b. 1843)
• 1945 – Bruno Frank, German author, poet, and playwright (b. 1878)
• 1947 – Bugsy Siegel, American mobster (b. 1906)
• 1952 – Luigi Fagioli, Italian race car driver (b. 1898)
• 1958 – Kurt Alder, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
• 1963 – Raphaël Salem, Greek-French mathematician and academic (b. 1898)
• 1965 – Bernard Baruch, American financier and politician (b. 1870)
• 1966 – Georges Lemaître, Belgian priest, physicist, and astronomer (b. 1894)
• 1974 – Horace Lindrum, Australian snooker player (b. 1912)
• 1978 – Mark Robson, Canadian-American director and producer (b. 1913)
• 1984 – Estelle Winwood, English actress (b. 1883)
• 1995 – Emil Cioran, Romanian-French philosopher and educator (b. 1911)
• 1997 – Cahit Külebi, Turkish poet and author (b. 1917)
• 1999 – Clifton Fadiman, American game show host, author, and critic (b. 1902)
• 2001 – Gina Cigna, French-Italian soprano (b. 1900)
• 2002 – Erwin Chargaff, Austrian-American biochemist and academic (b. 1905)
• 2002 – Tinus Osendarp, Dutch runner (b. 1916)
• 2004 – Jim Bacon, Australian politician, 41st Premier of Tasmania (b. 1950)
• 2005 – Larry Collins, American journalist, historian, and author (b. 1929)
• 2005 – Jack Kilby, American physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1923)
• 2010 – Roberto Rosato, Italian footballer (b. 1943)
• 2010 – Harry B. Whittington, English palaeontologist and academic (b. 1916)
• 2011 – Ryan Dunn, American television personality (b. 1977)
• 2012 – LeRoy Neiman, American painter (b. 1921)
• 2012 – Heinrich IV, Prince Reuss of Köstritz (b. 1919)
• 2012 – Andrew Sarris, American critic (b. 1928)
• 2013 – Ingvar Rydell, Swedish footballer (b. 1922)
• 2015 – Angelo Niculescu, Romanian footballer and manager (b. 1921)
• 2015 – Miriam Schapiro, Canadian-American painter and sculptor (b. 1923)
• 2017 – Prodigy, (Albert Johnson), American music artist (b. 1974)

BBC pay: Male presenters could face wage cut

Image copyrightGETTY IMAGES

The BBC's most highly paid male presenters could be asked to accept lower wages as the corporation tries to close the gender pay gap.

The BBC has defended high salaries which were revealed in its annual report on Wednesday.

The corporation has pledged to achieve equality between men and women on air by 2020.

BBC director of radio and education James Purnell said pay cuts were part of the solution.

He told the BBC's Newsnight programme: "Quite a lot of men have been taking pay cuts; John Humphrys said that today on air."

Asked if he expected more male, on-air talent to take a pay cut, he responded: "I'm not going to start negotiating live on air, but that's clearly one of the levers we can pull, and we have been doing that."

Culture Secretary Karen Bradley said stars should be conscious "how this looks in public", while Labour MP Harriet Harman said there was "clearly discrimination" at the BBC.

• 
  

BBC director general Tony Hall has said there is "more to do" on the gender pay gap.

The top seven earners, in the list of the BBC's 96 best-paid stars, were all male.

It is the first time the pay of stars earning more than £150,000 has been made public.

The BBC was compelled to make public the information under the terms of its new Royal Charter.

Radio 2 DJ Chris Evans was the top-paid star on between £2.2m and £2.25m, the BBC's 2016-17 annual report revealed.

Strictly Come Dancing host Claudia Winkleman was the highest-paid female, earning between £450,000 and £500,000.

The One Show's Alex Jones was second, earning between £400,000 and £450,000.

Ποιο διάσημο ζευγάρι αναλαμβάνει το πρωινό του STAR