Bruce Springsteen Storms Graceland Looking For Elvis

[edit]

• 311 – The Diocletianic Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire ends.
• 313 – Battle of Tzirallum: Emperor Licinius defeats Maximinus II and unifies the Eastern Roman Empire.
• 642 – Chindasuinth is proclaimed king by the Visigothic nobility and bishops.
• 1315 – Enguerrand de Marigny is hanged at the instigation of Charles, Count of Valois.
• 1492 – Spain gives Christopher Columbus his commission of exploration.
• 1513 – Edmund de la Pole, Yorkist pretender to the English throne, is executed on the orders of Henry VIII.
• 1557 – Mapuche leader Lautaro is killed by Spanish forces at the Battle of Mataquito in Chile.
• 1598 – Juan de Oñate makes a formal declaration of his Conquest of New Mexico.
• 1598 – Henry IV of France issues the Edict of Nantes, allowing freedom of religion to the Huguenots.
• 1636 – Eighty Years' War: Dutch Republic forces recapture a strategically important fort from Spain after a nine-month siege.
• 1671 – Petar Zrinski, the Croatian Ban from the Zrinski family, is executed.
• 1789 – On the balcony of Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York City, George Washington takes the oath of office to become the first elected President of the United States.
• 1803 – Louisiana Purchase: The United States purchases the Louisiana Territory from France for $15 million, more than doubling the size of the young nation.
• 1812 – The Territory of Orleans becomes the 18th U.S. state under the name Louisiana.
• 1838 – Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation.
• 1863 – A 65-man French Foreign Legion infantry patrol fights a force of nearly 2,000 Mexican soldiers to nearly the last man in Hacienda Camarón, Mexico.
• 1871 – The Camp Grant massacre takes place in Arizona Territory.
• 1885 – Governor of New York David B. Hill signs legislation creating the Niagara Reservation, New York's first state park, ensuring that Niagara Falls will not be devoted solely to industrial and commercial use.
• 1897 – J. J. Thomson of the Cavendish Laboratory announces his discovery of the electron as a subatomic particle, over 1,800 times smaller than a proton (in the atomic nucleus), at a lecture at the Royal Institution in London.^[1]
• 1900 – Hawaii becomes a territory of the United States, with Sanford B. Dole as governor.
• 1904 – The Louisiana Purchase Exposition World's Fair opens in St. Louis, Missouri.
• 1907 – Honolulu, Hawaii becomes an independent city.
• 1925 – Automaker Dodge Brothers, Inc is sold to Dillon, Read & Co. for US$146 million plus $50 million for charity.
• 1927 – The Federal Industrial Institute for Women opens in Alderson, West Virginia, as the first women's federal prison in the United States.
• 1927 – Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford become the first celebrities to leave their footprints in concrete at Grauman's Chinese Theater in Hollywood.
• 1937 – The Commonwealth of the Philippines holds a plebiscite for Filipino women on whether they should be extended the right to suffrage; over 90% would vote in the affirmative.
• 1938 – The animated cartoon short Porky's Hare Hunt debuts in movie theaters, introducing Happy Rabbit (a prototype of Bugs Bunny).
• 1939 – The 1939-40 New York World's Fair opens.
• 1939 – NBC inaugurates its regularly scheduled television service in New York City, broadcasting President Franklin D. Roosevelt's N.Y. World's Fair opening day ceremonial address.
• 1943 – World War II: The British submarine HMS Seraph surfaces near Huelva to cast adrift a dead man dressed as a courier and carrying false invasion plans.
• 1945 – World War II: Führerbunker: Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun commit suicide after being married for less than 40 hours. Soviet soldiers raise the Victory Banner over the Reichstag building.
• 1945 – World War II: Stalag Luft I prisoner-of-war camp near Barth, Germany is liberated by Soviet soldiers, freeing nearly 9000 American and British airmen.
• 1947 – In Nevada, Boulder Dam is renamed Hoover Dam for the second time.
• 1948 – In Bogotá, Colombia, the Organization of American States is established.
• 1956 – Former Vice President and Democratic Senator Alben Barkley dies during a speech in Virginia.
• 1957 – Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery entered into force.
• 1961 – K-19, the first Soviet nuclear submarine equipped with nuclear missiles, is commissioned.
• 1963 – The Bristol Bus Boycott is held in Bristol to protest the Bristol Omnibus Company's refusal to employ Black or Asian bus crews, drawing national attention to racial discrimination in the United Kingdom.
• 1973 – Watergate scandal: U.S. President Richard Nixon announces that White House Counsel John Dean has been fired and that other top aides, most notably H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman, have resigned.
• 1975 – Fall of Saigon: Communist forces gain control of Saigon. The Vietnam War formally ends with the unconditional surrender of South Vietnamese president Dương Văn Minh.
• 1980 – The Iranian Embassy siege begins in London.
• 1982 – The Bijon Setu massacre occurs in Calcutta.
• 1993 – CERN announces World Wide Web protocols will be free.
• 1994 – Formula One racing driver Roland Ratzenberger is killed in a crash during the qualifying session of the San Marino Grand Prix run at Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari outside Imola, Italy.
• 2000 – Canonization of Faustina Kowalska in the presence of 200,000 people and the first Divine Mercy Sunday celebrated worldwide.
• 2004 – U.S. media release graphic photos of American soldiers abusing and sexually humiliating Iraqi prisoners at Abu Ghraib prison.
• 2008 – Two skeletal remains found near Yekaterinburg, Russia are confirmed by Russian scientists to be the remains of Alexei and Anastasia, two of the children of the last Tsar of Russia, whose entire family was executed at Yekaterinburg by the Bolsheviks.
• 2009 – Chrysler files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
• 2009 – Seven people are killed and another ten injured at a Queen's Day parade in Apeldoorn, Netherlands in an attempted assassination on Queen Beatrix.
• 2012 – An overloaded ferry capsizes on the Brahmaputra River in India killing at least 103 people.
• 2013 – Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands abdicates and Willem-Alexander becomes King of the Netherlands.
• 2014 – A bomb blast in Ürümqi kills three people and injures 79 others.

Births[edit]

• 1245 – Philip III of France (d. 1285)
• 1310 – King Casimir III of Poland (d. 1368)
• 1331 – Gaston III, Count of Foix (d. 1391)
• 1425 – William III, Landgrave of Thuringia (d. 1482)
• 1504 – Francesco Primaticcio, Italian painter (d. 1570)
• 1553 – Louise of Lorraine (d. 1601)
• 1623 – François de Laval, French-Canadian bishop and saint (d. 1708)
• 1651 – Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, French priest and saint (d. 1719)
• 1662 – Mary II of England (d. 1694)
• 1664 – François Louis, Prince of Conti (d. 1709)
• 1710 – Johann Kaspar Basselet von La Rosée, Bavarian general (d. 1795)
• 1723 – Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French zoologist and philosopher (d. 1806)
• 1758 – Emmanuel Vitale, Maltese commander and politician (d. 1802)
• 1770 – David Thompson, English-Canadian cartographer and explorer (d. 1857)
• 1777 – Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician and physicist (d. 1855)
• 1803 – Albrecht von Roon, Prussian soldier and politician, 10th Minister President of Prussia (d. 1879)
• 1829 – Ferdinand von Hochstetter, Austrian geologist and academic (d. 1884)
• 1857 – Eugen Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist and eugenicist (d. 1940)
• 1857 – Walter Simon, Jewish-German banker and philanthropist (d. 1920)
• 1865 – Max Nettlau, German historian and academic (d. 1944)
• 1869 – Hans Poelzig, German architect, designed the IG Farben Building and Großes Schauspielhaus (d. 1936)
• 1870 – Franz Lehár, Slovak-Austrian composer (d. 1948)
• 1870 – Dadasaheb Phalke, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1944)
• 1874 – Cyriel Verschaeve, Flemish priest and author (d. 1949)
• 1876 – Orso Mario Corbino, Italian physicist and politician (d. 1937)
• 1877 – Léon Flameng, French cyclist (d. 1917)
• 1877 – Alice B. Toklas, American memoirist (d. 1967)
• 1880 – Charles Exeter Devereux Crombie, Scottish cartoonist (d. 1967)
• 1883 – Jaroslav Hašek, Czech soldier and author (d. 1923)
• 1883 – Luigi Russolo, Italian painter and composer (d. 1947)
• 1884 – Olof Sandborg, Swedish actor (d. 1965)
• 1888 – John Crowe Ransom, American poet, critic, and academic (d. 1974)
• 1893 – Harold Breen, Australian public servant (d. 1966)
• 1893 – Joachim von Ribbentrop, German soldier and politician, 14th German Reich Minister for Foreign Affairs (d. 1946)
• 1895 – Philippe Panneton, Canadian physician, academic, and diplomat (d. 1960)
• 1896 – Reverend Gary Davis, American singer and guitarist (d. 1972)
• 1896 – Hans List, Austrian scientist and businessman, founded the AVL Engineering Company (d. 1996)
• 1897 – Humberto Mauro, Brazilian director and screenwriter (d. 1983)
• 1900 – Erni Krusten, Estonian author and poet (d. 1984)
• 1901 – Simon Kuznets, Belarusian-American economist, statistician, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1985)
• 1902 – Theodore Schultz, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
• 1905 – Sergey Nikolsky, Russian mathematician and academic (d. 2012)
• 1908 – Eve Arden, American actress (d. 1990)
• 1908 – Bjarni Benediktsson, Icelandic journalist and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 1970)
• 1908 – Frank Robert Miller, Canadian air marshal and politician (d. 1997)
• 1909 – F. E. McWilliam, Irish sculptor and educator (d. 1992)
• 1909 – Juliana of the Netherlands (d. 2004)
• 1910 – Levi Celerio, Filipino pianist, violinist, and composer (d. 2002)
• 1914 – Charles Beetham, American middle-distance runner (d. 1997)
• 1914 – Dorival Caymmi, Brazilian singer-songwriter, actor, and painter (d. 2008)
• 1916 – Claude Shannon, American mathematician and engineer (d. 2001)
• 1916 – Paul Kuusberg, Estonian journalist and author (d. 2003)
• 1916 – Robert Shaw, American conductor (d. 1999)
• 1917 – Bea Wain, American singer
• 1920 – Duncan Hamilton, Irish-English race car driver and pilot (d. 1994)
• 1921 – Roger L. Easton, American scientist, co-invented the GPS (d. 2014)
• 1922 – Anton Murray, South African cricketer (d. 1995)
• 1923 – Percy Heath, American bassist (d. 2005)
• 1923 – Kagamisato Kiyoji, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 42nd Yokozuna (d. 2004)
• 1924 – Uno Laht, Estonian KGB officer and author (d. 2008)
• 1925 – Corinne Calvet, French actress (d. 2001)
• 1925 – Johnny Horton, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1960)
• 1926 – Shrinivas Khale, Indian composer (d. 2011)
• 1926 – Cloris Leachman, American actress and comedian
• 1928 – Hugh Hood, Canadian author and academic (d. 2000)
• 1928 – Orlando Sirola, Italian tennis player (d. 1995)
• 1930 – Félix Guattari, French psychotherapist and philosopher (d. 1992)
• 1933 – Charles Sanderson, Baron Sanderson of Bowden, English politician
• 1934 – Jerry Lordan, English singer-songwriter (d. 1995)
• 1934 – Don McKenney, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1937 – Tony Harrison, English poet and playwright
• 1938 – Gary Collins, American actor and talk show host (d. 2012)
• 1938 – Juraj Jakubisko, Slovak director and screenwriter
• 1938 – Larry Niven, American author and screenwriter
• 1940 – Jeroen Brouwers, Dutch journalist and writer
• 1940 – Michael Cleary, Australian rugby player and politician
• 1941 – Stavros Dimas, Greek lawyer and politician, Greek Minister of Foreign Affairs
• 1943 – Frederick Chiluba, Zambian politician, 2nd President of Zambia (d. 2011)
• 1943 – Bobby Vee, American pop singer-songwriter (d. 2016)
• 1944 – Jon Bing, Norwegian author, scholar, and academic (d. 2014)
• 1944 – Jill Clayburgh, American actress (d. 2010)
• 1945 – J. Michael Brady, British radiologist
• 1945 – Annie Dillard, American novelist, essayist, and poet
• 1945 – Mimi Fariña, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and activist (d. 2001)
• 1945 – Michael J. Smith, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (d. 1986)
• 1946 – King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden
• 1946 – Bill Plympton, American animator, producer, and screenwriter
• 1946 – Don Schollander, American swimmer
• 1947 – Paul Fiddes, English theologian and academic
• 1947 – Finn Kalvik, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1947 – Tom Køhlert, Danish footballer and manager
• 1947 – Mats Odell, Swedish economist and politician, Swedish Minister for Financial Markets
• 1948 – Wayne Kramer, American guitarist and singer-songwriter
• 1948 – Pierre Pagé, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1948 – Margit Papp, Hungarian athlete
• 1949 – Phil Garner, American baseball player and manager
• 1949 – António Guterres, Portuguese academic and politician, 114th Prime Minister of Portugal
• 1949 – Karl Meiler, German tennis player (d. 2014)
• 1952 – Jacques Audiard, French director and screenwriter
• 1952 – Jack Middelburg, Dutch professional Grand Prix motorcycle road racer (d. 1984)
• 1953 – Merrill Osmond, American singer and bass player
• 1954 – Jane Campion, New Zealand director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1954 – Kim Darroch, English diplomat, UK Permanent Representative to the European Union
• 1954 – Frank-Michael Marczewski, German footballer
• 1955 – Nicolas Hulot, French journalist and environmentalist
• 1955 – David Kitchin, English lawyer and judge
• 1955 – Zlatko Topčić, Bosnian writer and screenwriter
• 1956 – Lars von Trier, Danish director and screenwriter
• 1958 – Charles Berling, French actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1958 – Wonder Mike, American rapper and songwriter
• 1959 – Stephen Harper, Canadian economist and politician, 22nd Prime Minister of Canada
• 1960 – Geoffrey Cox, English lawyer and politician
• 1960 – Kerry Healey, American academic and politician, 70th Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts
• 1961 – Isiah Thomas, American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster
• 1963 – Andrew Carwood, English tenor and conductor
• 1963 – Michael Waltrip, American race car driver and sportscaster
• 1964 – Tony Fernandes, Malaysian-Indian businessman, co-founded Tune Group
• 1964 – Ian Healy, Australian cricketer, coach, and sportscaster
• 1964 – Lorenzo Staelens, Belgian footballer and manager
• 1965 – Daniela Costian, Romanian-Australian discus thrower
• 1966 – Jeff Brown, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1966 – Dave Meggett, American football player and coach
• 1968 – Dave Halili, American illustrator and graphic designer
• 1969 – Warren Defever, American bass player and producer
• 1969 – Justine Greening, English accountant and politician, Secretary of State for International Development
• 1969 – Paulo Jr., Brazilian bass player and songwriter
• 1971 – Rob McCoury, American bluegrass banjo player, singer and songwriter
• 1972 – J. R. Richards, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1974 – Christian Tamminga, Dutch athlete
• 1975 – Johnny Galecki, American actor
• 1976 – Davian Clarke, Jamaican sprinter
• 1976 – Amanda Palmer, American singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1976 – Daniel Wagon, Australian rugby league player
• 1977 – Jeannie Haddaway, American politician
• 1977 – Meredith L. Patterson, American technologist, journalist, and author
• 1979 – Gerardo Torrado, Mexican footballer
• 1980 – Luis Scola, Argentinian basketball player
• 1980 – Jeroen Verhoeven, Dutch footballer
• 1981 – Nicole Kaczmarski, American basketball player
• 1981 – John O'Shea, Irish footballer
• 1981 – Kunal Nayyar, British-Indian actor
• 1981 – Justin Vernon, American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and producer
• 1982 – Kirsten Dunst, American actress
• 1982 – Drew Seeley, Canadian-American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actor
• 1983 – Chris Carr, American football player
• 1983 – Tatjana Hüfner, German luger
• 1983 – Marina Tomić, Slovenian hurdler
• 1983 – Troy Williamson, American football player
• 1984 – Shawn Daivari, American wrestler and manager
• 1984 – Risto Mätas, Estonian javelin thrower
• 1984 – Lee Roache, English footballer
• 1985 – Brandon Bass, American basketball player
• 1986 – Dianna Agron, American actress and singer
• 1986 – Martten Kaldvee, Estonian biathlete
• 1987 – Alipate Carlile, Australian footballer
• 1987 – Chris Morris, South African cricketer
• 1987 – Rohit Sharma, Indian cricketer
• 1988 – Andy Allen, Australian chef
• 1988 – Sander Baart, Dutch field hockey player
• 1989 – Jang Wooyoung, South Korean singer, dancer, and actor
• 1990 – Jonny Brownlee, English triathlete
• 1990 – Mac DeMarco, Canadian singer-songwriter
• 1990 – Kaarel Kiidron, Estonian footballer
• 1991 – Chris Kreider, American ice hockey player
• 1992 – Travis Scott, American rapper and producer
• 1992 – Marc-André ter Stegen, German footballer
• 1993 – Dion Dreesens, Dutch swimmer
• 1994 – Wang Yafan, Chinese tennis player
• 1997 – Adam Ryczkowski, Polish footballer

Deaths[edit]

• AD 65 – Lucan, Roman poet (b. 39)
• 125 – Emperor An of Han of the Chinese Han Dynasty (b. 94)
• 535 – Amalasuntha, Italian daughter of Theoderic the Great (b. 495)
• 783 – Hildegard of the Vinzgau (b. 758)
• 1002 – Eckard I, Margrave of Meissen, assassinated
• 1030 – Mahmud of Ghazni (b. 971)
• 1063 – Emperor Renzong of Song (b. 1010)
• 1131 – Adjutor, French knight and saint
• 1305 – Roger de Flor, Italian military adventurer
• 1341 – John III, Duke of Brittany (b. 1285)
• 1439 – Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, English commander (b. 1382)
• 1524 – Pierre Terrail, seigneur de Bayard, French soldier (b. 1473)
• 1544 – Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden, English lawyer and judge, Lord Chancellor of England (b. 1488)
• 1550 – Tabinshwehti, Burmese king (b. 1516)
• 1632 – Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, Bavarian general (b. 1559)
• 1632 – Sigismund III Vasa, Swedish-Polish son of John III of Sweden (b. 1566)
• 1637 – Niwa Nagashige, Japanese daimyo (b. 1571)
• 1655 – Eustache Le Sueur, French painter (b. 1617)
• 1660 – Petrus Scriverius, Dutch historian and scholar (b. 1576)
• 1672 – Marie of the Incarnation, French-Canadian nun and saint, founded the Ursulines of Quebec (b. 1599)
• 1696 – Robert Plot, English chemist and academic (b. 1640)
• 1712 – Philipp van Limborch, Dutch theologian and author (b. 1633)
• 1736 – Johann Albert Fabricius, German scholar and author (b. 1668)
• 1758 – François d'Agincourt, French organist and composer (b. 1684)
• 1792 – John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, English politician, Secretary of State for the Northern Department (b. 1718)
• 1795 – Jean-Jacques Barthélemy, French archaeologist and author (b. 1716)
• 1806 – Onogawa Kisaburō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 5th Yokozuna (b. 1758)
• 1841 – Peter Andreas Heiberg, Danish philologist and author (b. 1758)
• 1847 – Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen (b. 1771)
• 1863 – Jean Danjou, French captain (b. 1828)
• 1865 – Robert FitzRoy, English admiral, meteorologist, and politician, 2nd Governor of New Zealand (b. 1805)
• 1870 – Thomas Cooke, Canadian bishop and missionary (b. 1792)
• 1875 – Jean-Frédéric Waldeck, French explorer, lithographer, and cartographer (b. 1766)
• 1879 – Emma Smith, American religious leader (b. 1804)
• 1883 – Édouard Manet, French painter (b. 1832)
• 1891 – Joseph Leidy, American paleontologist and author (b. 1823)
• 1900 – Casey Jones, American engineer (b. 1863)
• 1903 – Emily Stowe, Canadian physician and activist (b. 1831)
• 1910 – Jean Moréas, Greek poet and critic (b. 1856)
• 1936 – A. E. Housman, English poet and scholar (b. 1859)
• 1939 – Frank Haller, American boxer (b. 1883)
• 1943 – Otto Jespersen, Danish linguist and academic (b. 1860)
• 1943 – Beatrice Webb, English sociologist and economist (b. 1858)
• 1953 – Jacob Linzbach, Estonian linguist and author (b. 1874)
• 1956 – Alben W. Barkley, American lawyer and politician, 35th Vice President of the United States (b. 1877)
• 1970 – Jacques Presser, Dutch historian, writer and poet (b. 1899)
• 1970 – Inger Stevens, Swedish-American actress (b. 1934)
• 1972 – Gia Scala, English-American model and actress (b. 1934)
• 1973 – Václav Renč, Czech poet and playwright (b. 1911)
• 1974 – Agnes Moorehead, American actress (b. 1900)
• 1980 – Luis Muñoz Marín, Puerto Rican journalist and politician, 1st Governor of Puerto Rico (b. 1898)
• 1982 – Lester Bangs, American journalist and author (b. 1949)
• 1983 – George Balanchine, Russian dancer and choreographer (b. 1904)
• 1983 – Muddy Waters, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and bandleader (b. 1913)
• 1983 – Edouard Wyss-Dunant, Swiss physician and mountaineer (b. 1897)
• 1986 – Robert Stevenson, English director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1905)
• 1989 – Sergio Leone, Italian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1929)
• 1993 – Tommy Caton, English footballer (b. 1962)
• 1994 – Roland Ratzenberger, Austrian race car driver (b. 1960)
• 1994 – Richard Scarry, American author and illustrator (b. 1919)
• 1995 – Maung Maung Kha, Burmese colonel and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Burma (b. 1920)
• 1998 – Nizar Qabbani, Syrian-English poet, publisher, and diplomat (b. 1926)
• 2000 – Poul Hartling, Danish politician, 36th Prime Minister of Denmark (b. 1914)
• 2002 – Charlotte von Mahlsdorf, German philanthropist, founded the Gründerzeit Museum (b. 1928)
• 2003 – Mark Berger, American economist and academic (b. 1955)
• 2003 – Possum Bourne, New Zealand race car driver (b. 1956)
• 2005 – Phil Rasmussen, American lieutenant and pilot (b. 1918)
• 2006 – Jean-François Revel, French philosopher (b. 1924)
• 2006 – Pramoedya Ananta Toer, Indonesian author and academic (b. 1925)
• 2007 – Kevin Mitchell, American football player (b. 1971)
• 2007 – Tom Poston, American actor, comedian, and game show panelist (b. 1921)
• 2008 – John Cargher, English-Australian journalist and author (b. 1919)
• 2008 – Juancho Evertsz, Dutch Antillean politician (b. 1923)
• 2009 – Henk Nijdam, Dutch cyclist (b. 1935)
• 2011 – Dorjee Khandu, Indian politician, 6th Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh (b. 1955)
• 2011 – Evald Okas, Estonian painter (b. 1915)
• 2011 – Ernesto Sabato, Argentinian physicist, author, and painter (b. 1911)
• 2012 – Tomás Borge, Nicaraguan poet and politician, co-founded the Sandinista National Liberation Front (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Alexander Dale Oen, Norwegian swimmer (b. 1985)
• 2012 – Giannis Gravanis, Greek footballer (b. 1958)
• 2012 – Benzion Netanyahu, Russian-Israeli historian and academic (b. 1910)
• 2012 – Sicelo Shiceka, South African politician (b. 1966)
• 2013 – Roberto Chabet, Filipino painter and sculptor (b. 1937)
• 2013 – Shirley Firth, Canadian skier (b. 1953)
• 2013 – Viviane Forrester, French author and critic (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Mike Gray, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1935)
• 2014 – Khaled Choudhury, Indian painter and set designer (b. 1919)
• 2014 – Julian Lewis, English biologist and academic (b. 1946)
• 2014 – Carl E. Moses, American businessman and politician (b. 1929)
• 2014 – Ian Ross, Australian journalist (b. 1940)
• 2015 – Lennart Bodström, Swedish politician (b. 1928)
• 2015 – Steven Goldmann, Canadian director and producer (b. 1961)
• 2016 – Daniel Berrigan, American priest and activist (b. 1921)
• 2016 – Harry Kroto, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1939)

Aλεκ Σκαρλάτος: Ο Ελληνας ήρωας που γίνεται ταινία από τον Κλιντ Ιστγουντ 

Τον Αύγουστο του 2015 o ελληνικής καταγωγής Άλεκ 

Σκαρλάτος και δύο παιδικοί του φίλοι, ο Σπένσερ Στόουν και

 ο Άντονι Σάντλερ, έγιναν παγκόσμιοι ήρωες.

Βρίσκονταν σε μια αμαξοστοιχία με προορισμό το Παρίσι όταν αφόπλισαν έναν 

26χρονο Μαροκινό τρομοκράτη λίγο πριν σπείρει το θάνατο. Για την πράξη αυτή

 τους απονεμήθηκε το παράσημο της Λεγεώνας της Τιμής από τη γαλλική 

κυβέρνηση, ενώ προσκλήθηκαν στον Λευκό Οίκο, όπου ο τότε πρόεδρος Μπαράκ

 Ομπάμα εξήρε τη γενναιότητά τους. Δύο περίπου χρόνια, μετά ο ηρωισμός τους

 θα μεταφερθεί στη μεγάλη οθόνη με την υπογραφή του διάσημου Αμερικανού

 ηθοποιού και σκηνοθέτη Κλιντ Ίστγουντ.

Ενθουσιασμένος ο Άλεκ

Πρόκειται για την κινηματογραφική μεταφορά του βιβλίου, με τίτλο: «15:17 στο

Παρίσι: Η αληθινή ιστορία ενός τρομοκράτη, ενός τρένου και τριών Αμερικανών 

ηρώων», που συνέγραψαν οι τρεις φίλοι πριν από περίπου ένα χρόνο καταγράφοντας

 τα όσα έζησαν σε ένα ταξίδι που έμελλε να αλλάξει για πάντα τη ζωή τους. Ο

 ελληνικής καταγωγής Άλεκ Σκαρλάτος δεν επιθυμεί να αποκαλύψει τις 

λεπτομέρειες του σεναρίου και της συνεργασίας με τον θρυλικό Κλιντ Ίστγουντ.

Όπως εξηγούν στη Real Νews άνθρωποι της οικογένειάς του δεσμεύεται από το

 συμβόλαιο που έχει υπογράψει. Ο Άλεκ όμως δεν κρύβει τον ενθουσιασμό του

 στον προσωπικό του λογαριασμό στο instasgram. Πρόσφατα μάλιστα ανέβασε μια 

φωτογραφία στην οποία απεικονίζεται μαζί με τους δυο φίλους του και τον 

βραβευμένο με Όσκαρ Αμερικανό ηθοποιό και σκηνοθέτη.

«Ο Κλιντ είναι ο ήρωάς μου»

Ο Κλιντ Ίστγουντ δείχνει να απολαμβάνει την παρέα των νεαρών αντρών. Ο Άλεκ 

φανερά συγκινημένος γραφεί κάτω από τη φωτογραφία που έχει συγκεντρώσει 

χιλιάδες «likes»: «Κάποιοι από εσάς ίσως ακούσατε ότι είχαμε την τεράστια τύχη

 ο θρυλικός Κλιντ Ίστγουντ να αποφασίσει να μεταφέρει στον κινηματογράφο την

 απόπειρα της τρομοκρατικής επίθεσης στο τρένο για το Παρίσι. Ξέρω ότι όλοι 

αγαπάτε τις ταινίες του. Μεγάλωσα μαζί του και είναι ο προσωπικός μου ήρωας.

 Νιώθουμε απίστευτη τιμή που ένας τόσο ταλαντούχος άνθρωπος θα διηγηθεί την 

ιστορία μας και αισθανόμαστε ταπεινοί γιατί εκείνη η μέρα θα μπορούσε να 

εξελιχθεί διαφορετικά για εμάς. Σας ευχαριστώ όλους. Ο Θεός είναι μεγάλος».

Τα δεκάδες σχόλια των φίλων και γνωστών που ακολουθούν τη δημοσίευση είναι

 ενδεικτικά του ενθουσιασμού με τον οποίο το κοινό έχει υποδεχτεί την ανακοίνωση

 της ταινίας. «Θα δω σίγουρα την ταινία. Ευχαριστούμε που κρατάτε υψηλά τα 

αμερικανικά ιδεώδη», αναφέρει ο Κρις, ενώ λίγο πιο κάτω κάποιοι άλλοι ζητούν να 

μάθουν περισσότερες λεπτομέρειες για το ποιοι θα πρωταγωνιστήσουν στην

 ταινία και που θα γίνουν τα γυρίσματα εκθειάζοντας παράλληλα το ταλέντο

 του Κλίντ Ίστγουντ αλλά και τον ηρωισμό που επέδειξαν οι πραγματικοί ήρωες 

της ταινίας. Στις ερωτήσεις τους δεν παίρνουν απάντηση, ωστόσο όπως 

δημοσίευσε το περιοδικό Variety τα γυρίσματα της ταινίας θα ξεκινήσουν στα τέλη

 της χρονιάς, ενώ ακόμη δεν έχει γίνει γνωστό το καστ της ταινίας.

Η πολυτελής καλύβα του Ντέιβιντ Κάμερον -Ξόδεψε 25.000 λίρες για να την αγοράσει 

Από την πρωθυπουργική κατοικία στην Ντάουνινγκ Στριτ, 

ο Ντέιβιντ Κάμερον θα βρεθεί σε... καλύβα.

Βέβαια, δεν πρόκειται για μία συνηθισμένη, αλλά για μία πολυτελή έκδοση 

καλύβας, για την οποία ο πρώην πρωθυπουργός της Βρετανίας ξόδεψε 25.000 

λίρες, σύμφωνα με τον Guardian. Θα την τοποθετήσει στον κήπο του και σκοπεύει

 να τη χρησιμοποιήσει ως στούντιο συγγραφής.

Από τότε που παραιτήθηκε, ο Κάμερον έκανε μία περιοδεία για ομιλίες στις ΗΠΑ, 

θυμήθηκε ξανά το χόμπι του κυνηγώντας, ενώ άρχισε να γράφει και τα

 απομνηνεύματά του για τα χρόνια που πέρασε στον αριθμό 10 της Ντάουνινγκ 

Στριτ.

Πλέον, θα γράφει σε αυτή τη χειροποίητη καλύβα, που έχει μόνωση από μαλλί

 προβάτου και ξυλόσομπα. Οι Κάμερον τη διακόσμησαν με έναν καναπέ που

 γίνεται κρεβάτι, ενώ η πρώην Πρώτη Κυρία της Βρετανίας επέλεξε τα χρώματα

 στους τοίχους.

Δική της άλλωστε ήταν και η ιδέα για την αγορά, όπως είπε ο πρώην

 πρωθυπουργός. Αλλά, δεν είχαν υπολογίσει την αντίδραση των παιδιών τους. 

«Υπάρχει ήδη μία διαμάχη. Τα παιδιά μου θέλουν να τη χρησιμοποιήσουν για να 

παίζουν, ο γιος μου ως εναλλακτική κρεβατοκάμαρα και εγώ για να γράφω.

 Υπάρχει ανταγωνισμός», είπε ο Κάμερον.

Το μυστικό ομορφιάς της Κάθριν Ζέτα Τζόουνς από την Κοζάνη!

[edit]

• 475 BC – Roman consul Publius Valerius Poplicola celebrates a Roman triumph for his victory over Veii and the Sabines.
• 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor.
• 524 – King Sigismund of Burgundy is executed at Orléans after an 8-year reign and is succeeded by his brother Godomar.
• 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches.
• 1169 – Norman mercenaries land at Bannow Bay in Leinster, marking the beginning of the Norman invasion of Ireland.
• 1328 – Wars of Scottish Independence end: By the Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton the Kingdom of England recognises the Kingdom of Scotland as an independent state.
• 1455 – Battle of Arkinholm, Royal forces end the Black Douglas hegemony in Scotland.
• 1576 – Stephen Báthory, the reigning Prince of Transylvania, marries Anna Jagiellon and they become co-rulers of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
• 1707 – The Act of Union joins the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain.
• 1753 – Publication of Species Plantarum by Linnaeus, and the formal start date of plant taxonomy adopted by the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature.
• 1759 – Josiah Wedgwood founds the Wedgwood pottery company in Great Britain.
• 1776 – Establishment of the Illuminati in Ingolstadt (Upper Bavaria), by Jesuit-taught Adam Weishaupt.
• 1778 – American Revolution: The Battle of Crooked Billet begins in Hatboro, Pennsylvania.
• 1785 – Kamehameha I, the king of Hawaiʻi, defeats Kalanikūpule and establishes the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi.
• 1786 – In Vienna, Austria, Mozart's opera The Marriage of Figaro is performed for the first time.
• 1794 – War of the Pyrenees: The Battle of Boulou ends, in which French forces defeat the Spanish and regain nearly all the land they lost to Spain in 1793.
• 1820 – Execution of the Cato Street Conspirators
• 1840 – The Penny Black, the first official adhesive postage stamp, is issued in the United Kingdom.
• 1844 – Hong Kong Police Force, the world's second modern police force and Asia's first, is established.
• 1846 – The few remaining Mormons left in Nauvoo, Illinois, formally dedicate the Nauvoo Temple.
• 1851 – Queen Victoria opens The Great Exhibition at The Crystal Palace in London.
• 1852 – The Philippine peso is introduced into circulation.
• 1856 – The Province of Isabela was created in the Philippines in honor of the Queen Isabela II.
• 1862 – American Civil War: The Union Army completes its capture of New Orleans.
• 1863 – American Civil War: The Battle of Chancellorsville begins.
• 1865 – The Empire of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay sign the Treaty of the Triple Alliance.
• 1866 – The Memphis Race Riots begin. In three days time, 46 blacks and two whites were killed. Reports of the atrocities influenced passage of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
• 1869 – The Folies Bergère opens in Paris.
• 1875 – Alexandra Palace reopens after being burned down in a fire in 1873.
• 1884 – Proclamation of the demand for eight-hour workday in the United States.
• 1884 – Moses Fleetwood Walker becomes the first black person to play in a professional baseball game in the United States.
• 1885 – The original Chicago Board of Trade Building opens for business.
• 1886 – Rallies are held throughout the United States demanding the eight-hour work day, culminating in the Haymarket affair in Chicago, in commemoration of which May 1 is celebrated as International Workers' Day in many countries.
• 1893 – The World's Columbian Exposition opens in Chicago.
• 1894 – Coxey's Army, the first significant American protest march, arrives in Washington, D.C.
• 1898 – Spanish–American War: Battle of Manila Bay: The United States Navy destroys the Spanish Pacific fleet in the first major battle of the war.
• 1900 – The Scofield Mine disaster kills over 200 men in Scofield, Utah in what is to date the fifth-worst mining accident in United States history.
• 1915 – The RMS Lusitania departs from New York City on her 202nd, and final, crossing of the North Atlantic. Six days later, the ship is torpedoed off the coast of Ireland with the loss of 1,198 lives.
• 1919 – German troops enter Munich to squash the Bavarian Soviet Republic.
• 1925 – The All-China Federation of Trade Unions is officially founded. Today it is the largest trade union in the world, with 134 million members.
• 1927 – The Union Labor Life Insurance Company is founded by the American Federation of Labor.
• 1929 – The 7.2 Mw Kopet Dag earthquake shakes the Iran–Turkmenistan border region with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), killing up to 3,800 and injuring 1,121.
• 1930 – The dwarf planet Pluto is officially named.
• 1931 – The Empire State Building is dedicated in New York City.
• 1933 – The Catholic Worker begins publishing
• 1941 – World War II: German forces launch a major attack on Tobruk.
• 1944 – World War II: Two hundred Communist prisoners are shot by the Germans at Kaisariani, Athens in reprisal for the killing of General Franz Krech by partisans at Molaoi.
• 1945 – World War II: A German newsreader officially announces that Adolf Hitler has "fallen at his command post in the Reich Chancellery fighting to the last breath against Bolshevism and for Germany". The Soviet flag is raised over the Reich Chancellery, by order of Stalin.
• 1945 – World War II: Nazi propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels and his wife Magda commit suicide in the Reich Garden outside the Führerbunker. Their children are also killed by having cyanide pills inserted into their mouths by their mother, Magda.
• 1945 – World War II: Forces of the Soviet Red Army liberate Allied prisoners of war imprisoned at Stalag Luft I near Barth, Germany.
• 1945 – World War II: Up to 2,500 people die in a mass suicide in Demmin following the advance of the Red Army.
• 1945 – World War II: Yugoslav Partisans liberate Trieste.
• 1946 – Start of three-year Pilbara strike of Indigenous Australians.
• 1946 – The Paris Peace Conference concludes that the islands of the Dodecanese should be returned to Greece by Italy.
• 1947 – Portella della Ginestra massacre against May Day celebrations in Sicily by the bandit and separatist leader Salvatore Giuliano where 11 persons are killed and 33 wounded.
• 1948 – The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) is established, with Kim Il-sung as leader.
• 1950 – Guam is organized as a United States commonwealth.
• 1956 – The polio vaccine developed by Jonas Salk is made available to the public.
• 1956 – A doctor in Japan reports an "epidemic of an unknown disease of the central nervous system", marking the official discovery of Minamata disease.
• 1957 – Thirty-four people are killed when a Vickers Viking airliner crashes in Hampshire, England.
• 1960 – Formation of the western Indian states of Gujarat and Maharashtra; also known as "Maharashtra Day".
• 1960 – Cold War: U-2 incident: Francis Gary Powers, in a Lockheed U-2 spyplane, is shot down over the Soviet Union, sparking a diplomatic crisis.
• 1961 – The Prime Minister of Cuba, Fidel Castro, proclaims Cuba a socialist nation and abolishes elections.
• 1965 – Battle of Dong-Yin, a naval conflict between ROC and PRC, takes place.
• 1967 – Elvis Presley and Priscilla Beaulieu are married in Las Vegas.
• 1970 – Protests erupt following the announcement by Richard Nixon that American and South Vietnamese forces would attack Vietnamese communists in a Cambodian Campaign.
• 1971 – Amtrak (the National Railroad Passenger Corporation) takes over operation of U.S. passenger rail service.
• 1974 – The Argentine terrorist organization Montoneros is expelled from Plaza de Mayo by president Juan Perón.
• 1977 – Thirty-six people are killed in Taksim Square, Istanbul, during the Labour Day celebrations.
• 1978 – Japan's Naomi Uemura, travelling by dog sled, becomes the first person to reach the North Pole alone.
• 1982 – Operation Black Buck: The Royal Air Force attacks the Argentine Air Force during Falklands War.
• 1983 – The Sydney Entertainment Centre is opened.
• 1987 – Pope John Paul II beatifies Edith Stein, a Jewish-born Carmelite nun who was gassed in the Nazi concentration camp at Auschwitz.
• 1989 – Disney-MGM Studios opens at Walt Disney World near Orlando, Florida, United States.
• 1990 – The former Philippine Episcopal Church (supervised by the Episcopal Church of the United States of America) is granted full autonomy and raised to the status of an Autocephalous Anglican Province and renamed the Episcopal Church in the Philippines.
• 1993 – Dingiri Banda Wijetunga became president of Sri Lanka automatically after killing of R Premadasa in LTTE bomb explosion
• 1994 – Three-time Formula One world champion Ayrton Senna is killed in an accident during the San Marino Grand Prix at Imola.
• 1995 – Croatian forces launch Operation Flash during the Croatian War of Independence.
• 1999 – The body of British climber George Mallory is found on Mount Everest, 75 years after his disappearance in 1924.
• 1999 – SpongeBob SquarePants premieres on Nickelodeon after the 1999 Kids' Choice Awards.
• 2001 – Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo declares the existence of "a state of rebellion", hours after thousands of supporters of her arrested predecessor, Joseph Estrada, storm towards the presidential palace at the height of the EDSA III rebellion.
• 2002 – OpenOffice.org released version 1.0, the first stable version of the software.
• 2003 – Invasion of Iraq: In what becomes known as the "Mission Accomplished" speech, on board the USS Abraham Lincoln (off the coast of California), U.S. President George W. Bush declares that "major combat operations in Iraq have ended".
• 2004 – Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia join the European Union, celebrated at the residence of the Irish President in Dublin.
• 2009 – Same-sex marriage is legalized in Sweden.
• 2011 – Pope John Paul II is beatified by his successor, Pope Benedict XVI.
• 2016 – A wildfire starts in Fort McMurray, Alberta, causing a mandatory evacuation and a provincial state of emergency.

Births[edit]

• 1218 – John I, Count of Hainaut (d. 1257)
• 1218 – Rudolf I of Germany (d. 1291)
• 1225 – Jean de Joinville, French historian and author (d. 1317)
• 1238 – Magnus Lagabøte, king of Norway (d. 1280)
• 1285 – Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel, English politician (d. 1326)
• 1326 –Rinchinbal Khan, Emperor Ningzong of Yuan (d. 1332)
• 1488 – Sidonie of Bavaria, eldest daughter of Duke Albrecht IV of Bavaria-Munich (d. 1505)
• 1579 – Wolphert Gerretse, Dutch-American farmer, co-founded New Netherland (d. 1662)
• 1582 – Marco da Gagliano, Italian composer (d. 1643)
• 1585 – Sophia Olelkovich Radziwill, Belarusian saint (d. 1612)
• 1591 – Johann Adam Schall von Bell, German missionary and astronomer (d. 1666)
• 1594 – John Haynes, English-American politician, 1st Governor of the Colony of Connecticut (d. 1653)
• 1672 – Joseph Addison, English essayist, poet, playwright, and politician (d. 1719)
• 1730 – Joshua Rowley, English admiral (d. 1790)
• 1735 – Jan Hendrik van Kinsbergen, Dutch admiral and philanthropist (d. 1819)
• 1751 – Judith Sargent Murray, American poet and playwright (d. 1820)
• 1764 – Benjamin Henry Latrobe, English-American architect, designed the United States Capitol (d. 1820)
• 1769 – Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, Irish-English field marshal and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1852)
• 1803 – James Clarence Mangan, Irish poet and author (d. 1849)
• 1821 – Henry Ayers, English-Australian politician, 8th Premier of South Australia (d. 1897)
• 1824 – Alexander William Williamson, English chemist and academic (d. 1904)
• 1825 – Johann Jakob Balmer, Swiss mathematician and physicist (d. 1898)
• 1825 – George Inness, American painter and educator (d. 1894)
• 1827 – Jules Breton, French painter (d. 1906)
• 1829 – José de Alencar, Brazilian author and playwright (d. 1877)
• 1829 – Frederick Sandys, English painter and illustrator (d. 1904)
• 1830 – Guido Gezelle, Belgian priest and poet (d. 1899)
• 1831 – Emily Stowe, Canadian physician and activist (d. 1903)
• 1847 – Henry Demarest Lloyd, American journalist and politician (d. 1903)
• 1848 – Adelsteen Normann, Norwegian painter (d. 1919)
• 1850 – Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (d. 1942)
• 1851 – Laza Lazarević, Serbian psychiatrist and neurologist (d. 1891)
• 1852 – Calamity Jane, American frontierswoman and professional scout (d. 1903)
• 1852 – Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Spanish neuroscientist and pathologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1934)
• 1853 – Jacob Mikhailovich Gordin, Jewish Ukrainian-American journalist, actor, and playwright (d. 1909)
• 1855 – Cecilia Beaux, American painter and academic (d. 1942)
• 1857 – Theo van Gogh, Dutch art dealer (d. 1891)
• 1859 – Jacqueline Comerre-Paton, French painter and sculptor (d. 1955)
• 1862 – Marcel Prévost, French novelist and playwright (d. 1941)
• 1864 – Anna Jarvis, American founder of Mother's Day (d. 1948)
• 1871 – Seakle Greijdanus, Dutch theologian and scholar (d. 1948)
• 1871 – Emiliano Chamorro Vargas, President of Nicaragua (d. 1966)
• 1872 – Hugo Alfvén, Swedish composer, conductor, violinist, and painter (d. 1960)
• 1872 – Sidónio Pais, Portuguese soldier and politician, 4th President of Portugal (d. 1918)
• 1872 – Harry Leon Wilson, American author and playwright (d. 1939)
• 1874 – Romaine Brooks, American-French painter and illustrator (d. 1970)
• 1874 – Paul Van Asbroeck, Belgian target shooter (d. 1959)
• 1875 – Dave Hall, American runner (d. 1972)
• 1881 – Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, French priest, palaeontologist, and philosopher (d. 1955)
• 1884 – Francis Curzon, 5th Earl Howe, English race car driver and politician (d. 1964)
• 1885 – Clément Pansaers, Belgian poet (d. 1922)
• 1885 – Ralph Stackpole, American sculptor and painter (d. 1973)
• 1887 – Alan Cunningham, Anglo-Irish general and diplomat, High Commissioners for Palestine and Transjordan (d. 1983)
• 1891 – Lillian Estelle Fisher, American historian of Spanish America (d. 1988)
• 1896 – Herbert Backe, German agronomist and politician (d. 1947)
• 1896 – Mark W. Clark, American general (d. 1984)
• 1896 – J. Lawton Collins, American general (d. 1987)
• 1898 – Alfred Schmidt, Estonian weightlifter (d. 1972)
• 1900 – Ignazio Silone, Italian journalist and politician (d. 1978)
• 1900 – Aleksander Wat, Polish poet and writer (d. 1967)
• 1901 – Sterling Allen Brown, American poet, academic, and critic (d. 1989)
• 1901 – Heinz Eric Roemheld, American pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1985)
• 1901 – Antal Szerb, Hungarian scholar and author (d. 1945)
• 1905 – Paul Desruisseaux, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1982)
• 1905 – Henry Koster, German-American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1988)
• 1906 – Horst Schumann, German SS officer and physician (d. 1983)
• 1907 – Hayes Alvis, American bassist (d. 1972)
• 1907 – Kate Smith, American singer and actress (d. 1986)
• 1908 – Giovannino Guareschi, Italian journalist and author (d. 1968)
• 1908 – Morris Kline, American mathematician and academic (d. 1992)
• 1909 – Endel Puusepp, Estonian-Soviet military pilot and politician (d. 1996)
• 1909 – Yiannis Ritsos, Greek poet and playwright (d. 1990)
• 1910 – Behice Boran, Turkish sociologist and politician (d. 1987)
• 1910 – Raya Dunayevskaya, Ukrainian-American philosopher and activist (d. 1987)
• 1910 – Dirk Andries Flentrop, Dutch organ builder (d. 2003)
• 1910 – J. Allen Hynek, American astronomer and ufologist (d. 1986)
• 1910 – Nejdet Sançar, Turkish literature teacher (d. 1975)
• 1911 – Wilfred Watson, English-Canadian poet, playwright and educator (d. 1998)
• 1912 – Otto Kretschmer, Polish-German admiral (d. 1998)
• 1913 – Louis Nye, American actor (d. 2005)
• 1913 – Walter Susskind, Czech-English pianist, conductor, and educator (d. 1980)
• 1914 – Jaap van der Poll, Dutch javelin thrower (d. 2010)
• 1915 – Hanns Martin Schleyer, German businessman (d. 1977)
• 1916 – Glenn Ford, Canadian-American actor and producer (d. 2006)
• 1917 – John Beradino, American baseball player and actor (d. 1996)
• 1917 – Ulric Cross, Trinidadian navigator, judge, and diplomat (d. 2013)
• 1917 – Danielle Darrieux, French actress and singer
• 1917 – Ahron Soloveichik, Russian rabbi and scholar (d. 2001)
• 1918 – Gersh Budker, Ukrainian-Russian physicist and academic (d. 1977)
• 1918 – Raymond Mailloux, Canadian captain and politician (d. 1995)
• 1918 – Jack Paar, American comedian, author and talk show host (d. 2004)
• 1919 – Lewis Hill, American broadcaster, co-founded Pacifica Radio (d. 1957)
• 1919 – Manna Dey, Indian singer and composer (d. 2013)
• 1919 – Mohammed Karim Lamrani, Moroccan businessman and politician, 7th Prime Minister of Morocco
• 1919 – Dan O'Herlihy, Irish-American actor (d. 2005)
• 1921 – Vladimir Colin, Romanian journalist and author (d. 1991)
• 1921 – Boo Morcom, American pole vaulter and jumper (d. 2012)
• 1922 – Alastair Gillespie, Canadian scholar and politician
• 1923 – Joseph Heller, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright (d. 1999)
• 1923 – Antônio Maria Mucciolo, Italian-Brazilian archbishop (d. 2012)
• 1923 – Marcel Rayman, Polish soldier (d. 1944)
• 1924 – Big Maybelle, American R&B singer (d. 1972)
• 1924 – Art Fleming, American actor and game show host (d. 1995)
• 1924 – Evelyn Boyd Granville, American mathematician, computer scientist, and academic
• 1924 – Karel Kachyňa, Czech director and screenwriter (d. 2004)
• 1924 – Terry Southern, American novelist, essayist, and screenwriter (d. 1995)
• 1925 – Helen Bamber, English psychotherapist and academic (d. 2014)
• 1925 – Chuck Bednarik, American lieutenant and football player (d. 2015)
• 1925 – Scott Carpenter, American commander, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2013)
• 1925 – Sardar Fazlul Karim, Bangladeshi philosopher, scholar, and academic (d. 2014)
• 1926 – Peter Lax, Hungarian-American mathematician and academic
• 1927 – Gary Bertini, Israeli conductor and composer (d. 2005)
• 1927 – Laura Betti, Italian actress (d. 2004)
• 1927 – Bernard Vukas, Yugoslav-Croatian footballer (d. 1983)
• 1928 – Sonny James, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2016)
• 1929 – Ralf Dahrendorf, German-English sociologist and politician (d. 2009)
• 1929 – Sonny Ramadhin, Trinidadian cricketer
• 1930 – Little Walter Jacobs, American blues harp player and singer (d. 1968)
• 1930 – Ollie Matson, American sprinter and football player (d. 2011)
• 1930 – Richard Riordan, American lieutenant and politician, 39th Mayor of Los Angeles
• 1931 – Naim Attallah, Palestinian author and publisher
• 1932 – Sandy Woodward, English admiral (d. 2013)
• 1934 – Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, Mexican politician
• 1934 – Shirley Horn, American singer and pianist (d. 2005)
• 1934 – Phillip King, Tunisian-English sculptor
• 1936 – Danièle Huillet, French filmmaker (d. 2006)
• 1936 – Jerry Mander, American author and activist
• 1936 – Hans E. Wallman, Swedish director, producer, and composer (d. 2014)
• 1937 – Tamsyn Imison, English illustrator and educator
• 1937 – Una Stubbs, English actress and dancer
• 1939 – Judy Collins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1939 – Wilhelmina Cooper, Dutch model (d. 1980)
• 1939 – Victor Davies, Canadian pianist, composer, and conductor
• 1939 – Max Robinson, American journalist and academic (d. 1988)
• 1940 – Jüri Kukk, Estonian chemist and Soviet dissident (d. 1981)
• 1940 – Yury Yershov, Russian mathematician and academic
• 1942 – Charlie Allen, singer-songwriter (d. 1990)
• 1943 – Vassal Gadoengin, Nauruan politician (d. 2004)
• 1943 – Joe Walsh, Irish politician, Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine (d. 2014)
• 1944 – Suresh Kalmadi, Indian businessman and politician
• 1945 – Rita Coolidge, American singer-songwriter
• 1945 – Carson Whitsett, American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer (d. 2007)
• 1946 – Joanna Lumley, English actress, voice-over artist, author, and activist
• 1946 – John Woo, Hong Kong director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1947 – Jacob Bekenstein, Mexican-born Israeli-American theoretical physicist (d. 2015)
• 1947 – Sergio Infante, Chilean-Swedish poet and author
• 1948 – Györgyi Balogh, Hungarian sprinter
• 1948 – Patricia Hill Collins, American sociologist and scholar
• 1949 – Jim Clench, Canadian bass player (d. 2010)
• 1949 – Tim Hodgkinson, English saxophonist, clarinet player, and composer
• 1949 – Paul Teutul, Sr., American motorcycle designer, co-founded Orange County Choppers
• 1950 – Dann Florek, American actor and director
• 1950 – Danny McGrain, Scottish footballer and coach
• 1951 – Gordon Greenidge, Barbadian cricketer and coach
• 1951 – Geoff Lees, English race car driver
• 1952 – Richard Blundell, English economist and academic
• 1952 – Kim Lewison, English lawyer and judge
• 1952 – Peter Smith, Malaysian-born English academic and judge
• 1953 – Glen Ballard, American songwriter and producer
• 1954 – Ray Parker, Jr., American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1954 – Joel Rosenberg, Canadian-American author and activist (d. 2011)
• 1955 – Alex Cunningham, Scottish politician
• 1955 – Martin O'Donnell, American composer
• 1955 – Ray Searage, American baseball player and coach
• 1956 – Phil Foglio, American illustrator
• 1956 – Frank Szymanski, German educator and politician
• 1957 – Rick Darling, Australian cricketer
• 1957 – Kow Otani, Japanese pianist and composer
• 1957 – Uberto Pasolini, Italian banker, director, and producer
• 1959 – Yasmina Reza, French actress and playwright
• 1959 – Lawrence Seeff, South African cricketer and basket weaver
• 1960 – Steve Cauthen, American jockey and sportscaster
• 1961 – Clint Malarchuk, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1961 – Marilyn Milian, American judge
• 1961 – Vasiliy Sidorenko, Russian hammer thrower
• 1962 – Maia Morgenstern, Romanian actress
• 1962 – Ted Sundquist, American football player, coach, and manager
• 1964 – Will Kimbrough, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1964 – Yvonne van Gennip, Dutch speed skater
• 1967 – Tim McGraw, American singer-songwriter and actor
• 1968 – Oliver Bierhoff, German footballer and manager
• 1968 – Johnny Colt, American bass player
• 1968 – D'arcy Wretzky, American bass player and singer (Smashing Pumpkins)
• 1969 – Wes Anderson, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1969 – Billy Owens, American basketball player
• 1970 – Bernard Butler, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1971 – Ethan Albright, American football player
• 1971 – Stuart Appleby, Australian golfer
• 1971 – Kim Grant, South African tennis player
• 1971 – Artur Kohutek, Polish hurdler and soldier
• 1971 – Ajith Kumar, Indian actor, F2 Racer
• 1972 – Ramzi bin al-Shibh, Yemeni terrorist
• 1972 – Julie Benz, American actress
• 1973 – Mike Jesse, German footballer
• 1973 – Curtis Martin, American football player
• 1973 – Oliver Neuville, German footballer
• 1975 – Austin Croshere, American basketball player and sportscaster
• 1975 – Marc-Vivien Foé, Cameroonian footballer (d. 2003)
• 1975 – Nina Hossain, English journalist
• 1975 – Alexey Smertin, Russian footballer
• 1976 – Darius McCrary, American actor and singer
• 1976 – Patricia Stokkers, Dutch swimmer
• 1977 – Vera Lischka, Austrian swimmer and politician
• 1978 – James Badge Dale, American actor
• 1978 – Sachie Hara, Japanese model and actress
• 1978 – John Linehan, American basketball player
• 1979 – Mauro Bergamasco, Italian rugby player
• 1979 – Roman Lyashenko, Russian ice hockey player (d. 2003)
• 1980 – Marvin Cabrera, Mexican footballer
• 1980 – Rob Davison, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1980 – Jan Heylen, Belgian race car driver
• 1980 – Jay Reatard, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2010)
• 1981 – Manny Acosta, Panamanian baseball player
• 1981 – Derek Asamoah, Ghanaian footballer
• 1981 – Alexander Hleb, Belarusian footballer
• 1981 – Wes Welker, American football player
• 1982 – Jamie Dornan, Northern Irish model and actor
• 1982 – Mark Farren, Irish footballer (d. 2016)
• 1982 – Tommy Robredo, Spanish tennis player
• 1983 – Alain Bernard, French swimmer
• 1983 – Human Tornado, American wrestler
• 1984 – David Backes, American ice hockey player
• 1984 – Patrick Eaves, American ice hockey player
• 1984 – Alexander Farnerud, Swedish footballer
• 1984 – Keiichiro Koyama, Japanese singer and actor
• 1984 – Víctor Montaño, Colombian footballer
• 1984 – Mark Seaby, Australian footballer
• 1985 – Shahriar Nafees, Bangladeshi cricketer
• 1986 – Christian Benítez, Ecuadorian footballer (d. 2013)
• 1986 – Adam Casey, Australian footballer
• 1986 – Brent Stanton, Australian footballer
• 1987 – Leonardo Bonucci, Italian footballer
• 1987 – Glen Coffee, American football player
• 1987 – Iván DeJesús Jr., Puerto Rican baseball player
• 1987 – Marcus Drum, Australian footballer
• 1987 – Amir Johnson, American basketball player
• 1987 – Ryan Mathews, American football player
• 1987 – Shahar Pe'er, Israeli tennis player
• 1988 – Maria Balaba, Latvian figure skater
• 1989 – Alejandro Arribas, Spanish footballer
• 1989 – Poļina Jeļizarova, Latvian runner
• 1990 – Uriel Álvarez, Mexican footballer
• 1990 – Diego Contento, German footballer
• 1990 – Scooter Gennett, American baseball player
• 1991 – Bartosz Salamon, Polish footballer
• 1991 – Marcus Stroman, American baseball player
• 1992 – Bradley Roby, American football player
• 1992 – James Hasson, English-Australian rugby league player
• 1992 – Matěj Vydra, Czech footballer
• 1993 – Jean-Christophe Bahebeck, French footballer
• 1994 – Wallace, Brazilian footballer
• 1996 – William Nylander, Swedish ice hockey player
• 1996 – Daniel Saifiti, Australian-Fijian rugby league player
• 1996 – Jacob Saifiti, Australian-Fijian rugby league player

Deaths[edit]

• 408 – Arcadius, Byzantine emperor (b. 337)
• 558 – Marcouf, missionary and saint
• 1118 – Matilda of Scotland (b. 1080)
• 1171 – Diarmait Mac Murchada, King of Leinster (b. 1110)
• 1187 – Roger de Moulins, Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller
• 1255 – Walter de Gray, English prelate and statesman
• 1277 – Stefan Uroš I of Serbia (b. 1223)
• 1278 – William II of Villehardouin
• 1308 – Albert I of Germany (b. 1255)
• 1539 – Isabella of Portugal (b. 1503)
• 1555 – Pope Marcellus II (b. 1501)
• 1572 – Pope Pius V (b. 1504)
• 1731 – Johann Ludwig Bach, German violinist and composer (b. 1677)
• 1738 – Charles Howard, 3rd Earl of Carlisle, English politician, First Lord of the Treasury (b. 1669)
• 1772 – Gottfried Achenwall, Polish-German historian, economist, and jurist (b. 1719)
• 1813 – Jean-Baptiste Bessières, French general (b. 1768)
• 1838 – Antoine Louis Dugès, French obstetrician and naturalist (b. 1797)
• 1856 – John Wilbur, American minister and theologian (b. 1774)
• 1873 – David Livingstone, Scottish-English missionary and explorer (b. 1813)
• 1899 – Ludwig Büchner, German physiologist and physician (b. 1824)
• 1904 – Antonín Dvořák, Czech composer and academic (b. 1841)
• 1913 – John Barclay Armstrong, American lieutenant (b. 1850)
• 1920 – Princess Margaret of Connaught (b. 1882)
• 1935 – Henri Pélissier, French cyclist (b. 1889)
• 1937 – Snitz Edwards, Hungarian-American actor (b. 1868)
• 1943 – Johan Oscar Smith, Norwegian religious leader, founded the Brunstad Christian Church (b. 1871)
• 1945 – Joseph Goebbels, German lawyer and politician, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1897)
• 1945 – Magda Goebbels, German wife of Joseph Goebbels (b. 1901)
• 1953 – Everett Shinn, American painter and illustrator (b. 1876)
• 1956 – LeRoy Samse, American pole vaulter (b. 1883)
• 1960 – Charles Holden, English architect, designed the Bristol Central Library (b. 1875)
• 1963 – Lope K. Santos, Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1879)
• 1965 – Spike Jones, American singer and bandleader (b. 1911)
• 1968 – Jack Adams, Canadian-American ice hockey player, coach, and manager (b. 1895)
• 1968 – Harold Nicolson, English author and politician (b. 1886)
• 1970 – Yi Un, Korean prince (b. 1897)
• 1973 – Asger Jorn, Danish painter and sculptor (b. 1914)
• 1976 – T. R. M. Howard, American surgeon and activist (b. 1908)
• 1976 – Alexandros Panagoulis, Greek poet and politician (b. 1939)
• 1978 – Aram Khachaturian, Georgian-Armenian composer and conductor (b. 1903)
• 1982 – William Primrose, Scottish viola player and educator (b. 1903)
• 1984 – Jüri Lossmann, Estonian-Swedish runner (b. 1891)
• 1985 – Denise Robins, English journalist and author (b. 1897)
• 1986 – Hugo Peretti, American songwriter and producer (b. 1916)
• 1988 – Ben Lexcen, Australian sailor and architect (b. 1936)
• 1989 – Sally Kirkland, American journalist (b. 1912)
• 1989 – V. M. Panchalingam, Sri Lankan civil servant (b. 1930)
• 1989 – Patrice Tardif, Canadian farmer and politician (b. 1904)
• 1990 – Sergio Franchi, Italian-American tenor and actor (b. 1926)
• 1991 – Richard Thorpe, American director and screenwriter (b. 1896)
• 1993 – Pierre Bérégovoy, French metallurgist and politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1925)
• 1993 – Ranasinghe Premadasa, Sri Lankan politician, 3rd President of Sri Lanka (b. 1924)
• 1994 – Ayrton Senna, Brazilian race car driver (b. 1960)
• 1995 – Antonio Salemme, Italian-American painter (b. 1892)
• 1997 – Fernand Dumont, Canadian sociologist, philosopher, and poet (b. 1927)
• 1998 – Eldridge Cleaver, American author and activist (b. 1935)
• 2000 – Steve Reeves, American bodybuilder and actor (b. 1926)
• 2002 – Ebrahim Al-Arrayedh, Indian poet and author (b. 1908)
• 2002 – John Nathan-Turner, English screenwriter and producer (b. 1947)
• 2003 – Miss Elizabeth, American wrestler and manager (b. 1960)
• 2003 – Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (b. 1923)
• 2004 – Nelson Gidding, American screenwriter (b. 1919)
• 2004 – Larkin Kerwin, Canadian physicist and academic (b. 1924)
• 2005 – Kenneth Clark, American psychologist and academic (b. 1914)
• 2008 – Anthony Mamo, Maltese judge and politician, 1st President of Malta (b. 1909)
• 2008 – Philipp von Boeselager, German soldier and economist (b. 1917)
• 2010 – Rob McConnell, Canadian trombonist, composer, and educator (b. 1935)
• 2010 – Helen Wagner, American actress (b. 1918)
• 2011 – Henry Cooper, English boxer (b. 1934)
• 2011 – Ted Lowe, English sportscaster (b. 1920)
• 2012 – James Kinley, Canadian engineer and politician, 29th Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia (b. 1925)
• 2012 – Mordechai Virshubski, German-Israeli lawyer and politician (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Chris Kelly, American rapper (b. 1978)
• 2013 – Pierre Pleimelding, French footballer and manager (b. 1952)
• 2014 – Adamu Atta, Nigerian lawyer and politician, 5th Governor of Kwara State (b. 1927)
• 2014 – Radhia Cousot, Tunisian-American computer scientist and academic (b. 1947)
• 2014 – Assi Dayan, Israeli actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1945)
• 2014 – Juan de Dios Castillo, Mexican footballer and coach (b. 1951)
• 2014 – Juan Formell, Cuban singer-songwriter and bass player (b. 1942)
• 2015 – Geoff Duke, English-Manx motorcycle racer (b. 1923)
• 2015 – Vafa Guluzade, Azerbaijani political scientist, academic, and diplomat (b. 1940)
• 2015 – María Elena Velasco, Mexican actress, singer, director, and screenwriter (b. 1940)
• 2015 – Grace Lee Whitney, American actress (b. 1930)

Six child actors who retired from showbiz

Image copyrightGETTY IMAGES

Child stars have been a crucial part of Hollywood for generations, but many of them choose totally different careers in adulthood.

The second season of Netflix's hugely popular drama Stranger Things will premiere on Halloween 2017, the streaming service confirmed earlier this year.

The show stars Winona Ryder and David Harbour but also relies heavily on its cast of child actors, who play some of the main characters.

The young stars have been praised for their performances in the show, and could well have bright futures in Hollywood ahead of them.

But the glitz and glamour of the entertainment industry isn't for everyone.

For every Drew Barrymore or Jodie Foster, there are plenty of child actors who chose to go in totally different directions in their adult years.

Here are six child stars who left acting behind to pursue new careers.

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Peter Ostrum 

Image copyrightREX / SHUTTERSTOCK

You might not recognise the name, but Ostrum played Charlie in the big-screen adaptation of Roald Dahl's Charlie and the Chocolate Factory.

The 1971 film saw Ostrum appear alongside four other child actors as one of Willy Wonka's five golden ticket winners.

"Everybody thinks that acting is such a glamorous profession, but it's a difficult profession," he said after starring in the film.

That may explain why he quit acting and became a vet as an adult instead.

Some of the other young actors in the film picked up a few more big screen roles in the years after the film, but nearly all drifted away from Hollywood.

Michael Bollner, who played Augustus Gloop, for example, now works as an accountant in Munich.

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Mara Wilson

Image copyrightREX / GETTY

In the 1990s, it was difficult to go to the cinema without seeing a film with Mara Wilson in it.

She starred in Miracle on 34th Street, Mrs Doubtfire, A Simple Wish and Matilda.

But then, as she entered her teenage years, the former child actress retreated from the limelight.

"I was 13 and I was awkward, and I was gawky, and I was not a very cute kid anymore," Wilson told The Huffington Post in 2013.

"So, Hollywood didn't really want me at that point, and I was kind of over it too. So, after a while, it feels like a mutual breakup. That's the way that I'd describe it."

Wilson is now a writer and released a book last year called Where Am I Now? 

She also came out as bisexual in support of the victims of the attack on an LGBT nightclub in Orlando.

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Mary Badham

Image copyrightREX / GETTY

Harper Lee's novel To Kill A Mockingbird was an instant literary phenomenon when it was first released in 1960, and is still considered a classic.

When the inevitable big-screen adaptation was made, Mary Badham was hired to play the role of Scout, the young girl who serves as the book's narrator.

Badham became the youngest actress ever nominated for the best supporting actress category at the Oscars after her appearance in the film (although the record was broken a decade later by the marginally younger Tatum O'Neal).

She went on to act in a few other films released in the 1960s, but then gave up on the profession for the rest of her life - with one exception.

Badham was coaxed out of retirement for a minor role in one film - 2005's Our Very Own - after its director, Cameron Watson, said he wouldn't accept any other actress for the part.

She now works an art restorer and a college testing coordinator, but often writesabout her experiences on Mockingbird and attended a special screening of the film with President Obama in 2012.

"When I retired, I was at an in-between age. I wasn't a child anymore, I wasn't really a woman yet and they weren't really writing scripts for that age," she saidlater that year.

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Shirley Temple

Image copyrightGETTY IMAGES

Not many of us can claim to have started our career at the age of three - but that's exactly what Shirley Temple did.

As a child actress, she starred in a whole host of films, including Bright Eyes, The Little Princess, Heidi and Captain January.

But in her adult years, she entered politics and public affairs, becoming a Republican fundraiser and serving three years as the United States Ambassador to (what was then known as) Czechoslovakia.

She also had a mocktail named after her - which, thank you for asking, consists of ginger ale (or lemonade) and a splash of grenadine, garnished with a maraschino cherry.

When Temple died in 2014 at the age of 85, she left behind a remarkable legacy - no child star since has ever come close to equalling her record of being Hollywood's top box office star for four years in a row.

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Mark Lester

Image copyrightGETTY / REX

Mark Lester was just 10 years old when he was cast as Oliver in, er, Oliver.

The film adaptation of the stage musical was released in 1968 - more than 130 years after Charles Dickens's novel Oliver Twist was first published

Lester took various roles over the following decade but decided to give up acting at the age of 19 and became an osteopath.

"Child actors going on to become adult actors never really works, apart from a few. Jodie Foster was the exception," he told The Independent.

He and Michael Jackson - who was born in the same year - were close friends, and Lester became godfather to the singer's three children.

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Ariana Richards

Image copyrightREX/SHUTTERSTOCK

Richards took on a few small acting jobs throughout her childhood, but shot to fame playing Lex Murphy in 1993's Jurassic Park - a role she filmed when she was just 12 years old.

She briefly reprised the role for The Lost World: Jurassic Park four years later, but then took a step back from acting to focus on her art career.

Richards graduated in 2001 with a degree in fine art and drama and went on to become a successful painter.

But, in 2011, she said: "Being interested in acting never changes. Acting is in your blood, and of course I'll always be interested in it."

Which explains why she was briefly tempted back in 2013 for a role in TV movie Battledogs.

 Ηλίας Ψινάκης  με Λίντσεϊ Λόχαν στη Μύκονο 

Στη Μύκονο για το τριήμερο βρίσκεται ο Ηλίας Ψινάκης και

 απ΄ότι μας έδειξε στο Instagram δεν είναι μόνος του, αλλά

 έχει στην παρέα του και την Λίντσεϊ Λόχαν.

Φορώντας ένα φλοράλ, ανοιξιάτικο πουκάμισο, ο δήμαρχος Μαραθώνα

διασκέδασε το Σαββατοκύριακο στο Nammos της Μυκόνου, ποζάροντας συνέχεια

 στον φακό.

Ο ίδιος μάλιστα ανέβασε τρεις φωτογραφίες από την επίσκεψή του στο Nammos, 

όπου σε μία από αυτή συζητούσε με την Λίντσεϊ Λόχαν, ενώ από πίσω τους 

εξελισσόταν ένα ξέφρενο πάρτι.

Να πίνεις ούζο στου ΛΕΥΤΕΡΗ

Το ουζερί του μπαρμπα-Λευτέρη του Πόδα στην Κατερίνη, τραγουδήθηκε, σ'όλη την Ελλάδα από τη μεταπολίτευση και μετά, όταν ο Μίκης Θεοδωράκης μελοποίησε τους στίχους του Μάνου Ελευθερίου.

Μπορεί τελικά ο στιχουργός Μάνος Ελευθερίου να μην πάτησε ποτέ το πόδι του

Ο μπαρμπα - Λευτέρης, σε φωτό, όταν πλέον ήταν συνταξιούχος...

στο ουζερί του Λευτέρη. Μπορεί από κάπου να άκουσε για το ουζερί και το έβαλε, γιατί του έβγαινε η ρίμα. Αν όμως έπαιρνε σήμερα το τρένο που φεύγει στις 8.00, ταξίδι για την Κατερίνη, θα εύρισκε, εκεί σε έναν πεζόδρομο στην κεντρική πλατεία της πόλης, το ουζερί των στίχων του. Και θα 'βλεπε πολλούς, που κάποια μέρα πέρασαν από δω και ήπιαν ούζο στου Λευτέρη. Το Μίκη Θεοδωράκη, τον Τίτο Βανδή, το Μανώλη Ρασούλη, το Βασίλη Βασιλικό, το Γιάννη Μαρκόπουλο, τον Παύλο Μάτεσι, τον Κώστα Ζουράρι, το Ρένο Αποστολίδη, την Άννα Φόνσου, τη Μαρία Δημητριάδη. Ο ιδιοκτήτης του ουζερί, Δημήτρης Πόδας, φρόντισε να "κορνιζώσει"όλους τους υψηλούς πελάτες του και να τους… κρεμάσει στους τοίχους, απόδειξη της παρουσίας τους.

"Να πίνεις ούζο στου Λευτέρη". Έτσι ονόμασε το δικό του ουζερί ο γιος του Λευτέρη. Του μπαρμπα-Λευτέρη του Πόδα, που 'χε το πρώτο ουζερί στην Κατερίνη, το 1936, στην παλιά λαχαναγορά της πόλης και μετά, το 1950, έγινε ζαχαροπλάστης στην κεντρική οδό, αλλά τραγουδήθηκε, λέει ο γιος του, σ'όλη την Ελλάδα από τη μεταπολίτευση και μετά, όταν ο Μίκης Θεοδωράκης μελοποίησε τους στίχους του Μάνου Ελευθερίου.

"Το τρένο φεύγει στις οκτώ, ταξίδι για την Κατερίνη", έγραψε ο στιχουργός, γύρω στο '65 θυμάται, αλλά δε θυμάται το ουζερί του Λευτέρη, που πράγματι δεν υπήρχε τότε. Ο Δημήτρης Πόδας προσπάθησε να βγάλει άκρη. Έψαξε τον Μάνο Ελευθερίου, βρήκε το τηλέφωνό του, μίλησε μαζί του, αλλά άκρη δε βρήκε. Έχει ακόμη απορίες. "Δεν μπορεί", λέει, "να είναι όλα απλές συμπτώσεις. Η Κατερίνη, το ουζερί του Λευτέρη! Όλοι ήξεραν τότε το παλιό ουζερί. Ακόμη και να μην ήπιε ο στιχουργός ούζο στου Λευτέρη, σ'αυτό πρέπει να αναφερόταν".

Πέρασε, δεν πέρασε, ποια σημασία να έχει άραγε; Στην Κατερίνη υπήρχε κάποτε ένα ουζερί, που ήταν του Λευτέρη, οι Κατερινιώτες τραγούδησαν και τραγουδούν ακόμη το τρένο που φεύγει στις οκτώ, άλλοι το συνδέουν με τα πολιτικά πάθη που οδήγησαν στο ξυλοκόπημα του Μίκη, κατά τη διάρκεια της επίσκεψής του στην πόλη, τα πέτρινα χρόνια, μερικοί βρήκαν τους στίχους να ταιριάζουν ακόμη και με, την καθ'οδόν προς Κατερίνη, δολοφονία του βουλευτή της ΕΔΑ Γιάννη Τσαρουχά και άλλοι, οι μετανάστες όπου γης Κατερινιώτες, δακρύζουν ακόμη -νόστιμον ήμαρ!- στο άκουσμα του τραγουδιού. Όπως εκείνοι, που είχαν ακούσει το τραγούδι από το Μίκη σε μια συναυλία του στο Βερολίνο και ένα καλοκαίρι μπήκαν στο μαγαζί, "σα να έμπαιναν σε μνημείο", λέει ο Δημήτρης Πόδας. Κι εγώ ακόμη, θυμάμαι κάτι παγωμένες βραδιές του Νοέμβρη, στην φοιτητούπολη της Σόφιας, να το σιγοτραγουδώ και να λιώνω, για το τρένο που έφευγε -χωρίς εμένα- στις οκτώ, ταξίδι για την Κατερίνη. Και άλλοι πολλοί, πάντα θα θυμούνται κάποιες σκοπιές μές στην ομίχλη - πέντε οκτώ - που φύλαγαν στην Κατερίνη.

Μόνο εκείνοι οι Τούρκοι μεγαλέμποροι ακτινιδίων, που ζήτησαν να επισκεφθούν το ουζερί και να πάρουν αυτόγραφο από τον ιδιοκτήτη, δεν ξέρουμε με τι είχαν συνδέσει το τραγούδι. "Γνώριζαν", λέει ο Δημήτρης Πόδας, "το τραγούδι και δεν ξέρω πώς, ζήτησαν να τους φέρουν εδώ, στο ουζερί του Λευτέρη, όπως έλεγαν οι στίχοι".

Τελικά, ούτε για το γιο του Λευτέρη έχει πια τόση σημασία η αληθινή ιστορία των στίχων. Αφού κατάφερε να υποδεχθεί στο ουζερί του -"με λουλούδια στην είσοδο και επαγγελματία φωτογράφο", για να αποθανατίσει τις στιγμές- το Μίκη Θεοδωράκη! Και φυλά, σαν κόρη οφθαλμού, το 45άρι δισκάκι της πρώτης εκτέλεσης του τραγουδιού, με τη φαρδιά πλατιά υπογραφή του μουσικοσυνθέτη.

"Το δισκάκι είναι ακόμη μικρό, εγώ μεγάλωσα!", είχε πει η πρώτη ερμηνεύτρια του τραγουδιού, η Μαρία Δημητριάδη, όταν ήρθε η σειρά της να πιει ούζο στου Λευτέρη.

Και μετά πέρασαν κι άλλοι και θα περνούν ακόμη, για να βρουν πάλι ξαφνικά δικούς τους, να πίνουν ούζο στου Λευτέρη…