[edit]

• 476 – Romulus Augustulus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself "King of Italy", thus ending the Western Roman Empire.
• 626 – Li Shimin, posthumously known as Emperor Taizong of Tang, assumes the throne over the Tang dynasty of China.
• 1260 – The Sienese Ghibellines, supported by the forces of Manfred, King of Sicily, defeat the Florentine Guelphs at Montaperti.
• 1479 – The Treaty of Alcáçovas is signed by the Catholic Monarchs of Castile and Aragon on one side and Afonso V and his son, Prince John of Portugal.
• 1666 – In London, England, the most destructive damage from the Great Fire occurs.
• 1774 – New Caledonia is first sighted by Europeans, during the second voyage of Captain James Cook.
• 1781 – Los Angeles is founded as El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora La Reina de los Ángeles de Porciúncula (The Village of Our Lady, the Queen of the Angels of Porziuncola) by 44 Spanish settlers.
• 1797 – Coup of 18 Fructidor in France.
• 1800 – The French garrison in Valletta surrenders to British troops who had been called at the invitation of the Maltese. The islands of Malta and Gozo become the Malta Protectorate.
• 1812 – War of 1812: The Siege of Fort Harrison begins when the fort is set on fire.
• 1862 – American Civil War Maryland Campaign: General Robert E. Lee takes the Army of Northern Virginia, and the war, into the North.
• 1870 – Emperor Napoleon III of France is deposed and the Third Republic is declared.
• 1882 – Thomas Edison flips the switch to the first commercial electrical power plant in history, lighting one square mile of lower Manhattan. This is considered by many as the day that began the electrical age.
• 1886 – American Indian Wars: After almost 30 years of fighting, Apache leader Geronimo, with his remaining warriors, surrenders to General Nelson Miles in Arizona.
• 1888 – George Eastman registers the trademark Kodak and receives a patent for his camera that uses roll film.
• 1912 – Albanian rebels succeed in their revolt when the Ottoman Empire agrees to fulfill their demands
• 1919 – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who founded the Republic of Turkey, gathers a congress in Sivas to make decisions as to the future of Anatolia and Thrace.
• 1923 – Maiden flight of the first U.S. airship, the USS Shenandoah.
• 1939 – World War II: A Bristol Blenheim is the first British aircraft to cross the German coast following the declaration of war and German ships are bombed.
• 1941 – World War II: A German submarine makes the first attack against a United States ship, the USS Greer.
• 1944 – World War II: The British 11th Armoured Division liberates the Belgian city of Antwerp.
• 1944 – World War II: Finland exits from the war with Soviet Union.
• 1948 – Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands abdicates for health reasons.
• 1949 – The Peekskill riots erupt after a Paul Robeson concert in Peekskill, New York.
• 1950 – Darlington Raceway is the site of the inaugural Southern 500, the first 500-mile NASCAR race.
• 1951 – The first live transcontinental television broadcast takes place in San Francisco, from the Japanese Peace Treaty Conference.
• 1957 – American Civil Rights Movement: Little Rock Crisis: Orval Faubus, governor of Arkansas, calls out the National Guard to prevent African American students from enrolling in Central High School.
• 1957 – The Ford Motor Company introduces the Edsel.
• 1963 – Swissair Flight 306 crashes near Dürrenäsch, Switzerland, killing all 80 people on board.
• 1964 – Scotland's Forth Road Bridge near Edinburgh officially opens.
• 1967 – Vietnam War: Operation Swift begins when U.S. Marines engage the North Vietnamese in battle in the Que Son Valley.
• 1970 – Salvador Allende is elected President of Chile.
• 1971 – Alaska Airlines Flight 1866 crashes near Juneau, Alaska, killing all 111 people on board.
• 1972 – Mark Spitz becomes the first competitor to win seven medals at a single Olympic Games.
• 1975 – The Sinai Interim Agreement relating to the Arab–Israeli conflict is signed.
• 1977 – The Golden Dragon massacre takes place in San Francisco.
• 1985 – The discovery of Buckminsterfullerene, the first fullerene molecule of carbon.
• 1989 – In Leipzig, East Germany, the first of weekly demonstration for the legalisation of opposition groups and democratic reforms takes place.
• 1996 – War on Drugs: Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) attack a military base in Guaviare, starting three weeks of guerrilla warfare in which at least 130 Colombians are killed.
• 1998 – Google is founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, two students at Stanford University.
• 2001 – Tokyo DisneySea opens to the public as part of the Tokyo Disney Resort in Urayasu, Chiba, Japan.
• 2007 – Three terrorists suspected to be a part of Al-Qaeda are arrested in Germany after allegedly planning attacks on both the Frankfurt International airport and US military installations.
• 2010 – A 7.1 magnitude earthquake strikes the South Island of New Zealand causing widespread damage and several power outages.

Births[edit]

• 1241 – Alexander III of Scotland (d. 1286)
• 1383 – Antipope Felix V (d. 1451)
• 1454 – Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English politician, Lord High Constable of England (d. 1483)
• 1557 – Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (d. 1631)
• 1563 – Wanli Emperor of China (d. 1620)
• 1596 – Constantijn Huygens, Dutch poet and composer (d. 1687)
• 1681 – Carl Heinrich Biber, Austrian violinist and composer (d. 1749)
• 1717 – Job Orton, English minister and author (d. 1783)
• 1745 – Shneur Zalman, Russian rabbi, author and founder of Chabad (d. 1812)
• 1755 – Axel von Fersen the Younger, Swedish general and politician (d. 1810)
• 1768 – François-René de Chateaubriand, French historian and politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs for France (d. 1848)
• 1776 – Stephen Whitney, American businessman (d. 1860)
• 1798 – Raynold Kaufgetz, Swiss soldier, economist, and politician (d. 1869)
• 1809 – Manuel Montt, Chilean scholar and politician, 6th President of Chile (d. 1880)
• 1809 – Juliusz Słowacki, Polish poet and playwright (d. 1849)
• 1824 – Anton Bruckner, Austrian organist and composer (d. 1896)
• 1825 – Dadabhai Naoroji, Indian academic and politician, President of the Indian National Congress (d. 1917)
• 1826 – Martin Wiberg, Swedish philosopher and engineer (d. 1905)
• 1832 – Antonio Agliardi, Italian cardinal (d. 1915)
• 1846 – Daniel Burnham, American architect, designed the World's Columbian Exposition (d. 1912)
• 1848 – Lewis Howard Latimer, American inventor (d. 1928)
• 1848 – Jennie Lee, American actress (d. 1925)
• 1850 – Luigi Cadorna, Italian field marshal (d. 1928)
• 1851 – John Dillon, Irish poet and politician (d. 1927)
• 1885 – Antonio Bacci, Italian cardinal (d. 1971)
• 1886 – Albert Orsborn, English 6th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1967)
• 1887 – Roy William Neill, Irish-English director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1946)
• 1890 – Gunnar Sommerfeldt, Danish actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1947)
• 1891 – Fritz Todt, German engineer and politician (d. 1942)
• 1892 – Darius Milhaud, French composer and educator (d. 1974)
• 1896 – Antonin Artaud, French actor, director, and playwright (d. 1948)
• 1901 – William Lyons, English businessman, co-founded Jaguar Cars (d. 1985)
• 1902 – Thomas Mitchell, English cricketer (d. 1996)
• 1905 – Mary Renault, English-South African author (d. 1983)
• 1905 – Walter Zapp, Latvian-Estonian inventor, invented the Minox (d. 2003)
• 1906 – Max Delbrück, German-American biophysicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1981)
• 1907 – Reggie Nalder, Austrian-American actor (d. 1991)
• 1908 – Edward Dmytryk, Canadian-American director and producer (d. 1999)
• 1908 – Richard Wright, American author and poet (d. 1960)
• 1909 – Eduard Wirths, German physician (d. 1945)
• 1910 – Denis Tomlinson, Zimbabwean-South African cricketer (d. 1993)
• 1912 – Syd Hoff, American author and illustrator (d. 2004)
• 1912 – Alexander Liberman, Russian-American publisher, painter, photographer, and sculptor (d. 1999)
• 1913 – Mickey Cohen, American mob boss (d. 1976)
• 1913 – Victor Kiernan, English historian and academic (d. 2009)
• 1913 – Stanford Moore, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1982)
• 1913 – Kenzō Tange, Japanese architect, designed the Yoyogi National Gymnasium (d. 2005)
• 1913 – Shmuel Wosner, Austrian-Israeli rabbi and author (d. 2015)
• 1914 – Rudolf Leiding, German businessman (d. 2003)
• 1917 – Henry Ford II, American businessman (d. 1987)
• 1918 – Paul Harvey, American radio host (d. 2009)
• 1918 – Gerald Wilson, American trumpet player and composer (d. 2014)
• 1919 – Howard Morris, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2005)
• 1920 – Clemar Bucci, Argentinian race car driver (d. 2011)
• 1920 – Craig Claiborne, American journalist, author, and critic (d. 2000)
• 1922 – Per Olof Sundman, Swedish author and politician (d. 1992)
• 1923 – Ram Kishore Shukla, Indian lawyer and politician (d. 2003)
• 1924 – Joan Aiken, English author (d. 2004)
• 1924 – Justinas Lagunavičius, Lithuanian basketball player (d. 1997)
• 1925 – Asa Earl Carter, American Ku Klux Klan leader and author (d. 1979)
• 1926 – Ivan Illich, Austrian priest and philosopher (d. 2002)
• 1926 – Bert Olmstead, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2015)
• 1927 – John McCarthy, American computer scientist and academic (d. 2011)
• 1927 – Ferenc Sánta, Hungarian author and screenwriter (d. 2008)
• 1929 – Thomas Eagleton, American lawyer and politician, 38th Lieutenant Governor of Missouri (d. 2007)
• 1929 – Robert V. Keeley, Lebanese-American soldier and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Greece (d. 2015)
• 1930 – Robert Arneson, American sculptor and academic (d. 1992)
• 1930 – William Maxson, American general (d. 2013)
• 1931 – Jack Boucher, American photographer (d. 2012)
• 1931 – Mitzi Gaynor, American actress, singer, and dancer
• 1931 – Antonios Trakatellis, Greek biochemist and politician
• 1932 – Carlos Romero Barceló, Puerto Rican lawyer and politician, 5th Governor of Puerto Rico
• 1934 – Clive Granger, Welsh-American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2009)
• 1934 – Antoine Redin, French footballer and manager (d. 2012)
• 1935 – Charles A. Hines, American general and academic (d. 2013)
• 1935 – Dallas Willard, American philosopher and academic (d. 2013)
• 1936 – Wayne Cody, American sportscaster (d. 2002)
• 1937 – Dawn Fraser, Australian swimmer and politician
• 1937 – Gene Ludwig, American organist and composer (d. 2010)
• 1937 – Virgil A. Richard, American general (d. 2013)
• 1937 – Les Allen, English footballer and manager
• 1939 – Denis Lindsay, South African cricketer and referee (d. 2005)
• 1941 – Marilena de Souza Chaui, Brazilian philosopher and academic
• 1941 – Ken Harrelson, American baseball player and sportscaster
• 1941 – Ramesh Sethi, Kenyan cricketer and coach
• 1941 – Sushilkumar Shinde, Indian lawyer and politician, 19th Governor of Andhra Pradesh
• 1942 – Raymond Floyd, American golfer
• 1942 – Jerry Jarrett, American wrestler and promoter, co-founded Total Nonstop Action Wrestling
• 1942 – Merald "Bubba" Knight, American singer-songwriter and producer
• 1944 – Tony Atkinson, English economist and academic
• 1944 – Dave Bassett, English footballer and manager
• 1944 – Vladimír Guma Kulhánek, Czech bass player
• 1944 – Gene Parsons, American singer-songwriter, drummer, guitarist, and banjo player (The Byrds)
• 1944 – Ron Ward, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1945 – Danny Gatton, American guitarist (d. 1994)
• 1945 – Bill Kenwright, English actor, singer, and producer
• 1946 – Gary Duncan, American guitarist
• 1946 – Dave Liebman, American saxophonist, flute player, and composer
• 1946 – Bryan Mauricette, Saint Lucian-Canadian cricketer
• 1947 – Bob Jenkins, American sportscaster
• 1949 – Darryl Cotton, Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (d. 2012)
• 1949 – Dean Pees, American football player and coach
• 1949 – Tom Watson, American golfer and sportscaster
• 1950 – Doyle Alexander, American baseball player
• 1951 – Martin Chambers, English drummer and singer
• 1951 – Judith Ivey, American actress
• 1951 – Kaoru Kobayashi, Japanese actor
• 1951 – Marita Ulvskog, Swedish politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Sweden
• 1952 – Stephen Easley, American businessman and politician (d. 2013)
• 1953 – Janet Biehl, American philosopher and author
• 1953 – Michael Stean, English chess player and author
• 1953 – Fatih Terim, Turkish footballer and manager
• 1955 – David Broza, Israeli singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1955 – Garth Le Roux, South African cricketer
• 1955 – Brian Schweitzer, American politician, 23rd Governor of Montana
• 1956 – Blackie Lawless, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
• 1957 – Khandi Alexander, American actress, dancer, and choreographer
• 1958 – Jacqueline Hewitt, American astrophysicist and astronomer
• 1958 – George Hurley, American drummer
• 1958 – Marzio Innocenti, Italian rugby player and coach
• 1958 – Drew Pinsky, American radio and television host
• 1959 – Kevin Harrington, Australian actor and screenwriter
• 1959 – Armin Kogler, Austrian ski jumper
• 1960 – Kim Thayil, American guitarist and songwriter (Soundgarden)
• 1960 – Shailesh Vara, Ugandan-English lawyer and politician
• 1960 – Damon Wayans, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1961 – Nick Blinko, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1961 – Lars Jönsson, Swedish film producer
• 1961 – Rizwan-uz-Zaman, Pakistani cricketer
• 1962 – Kiran More, Indian cricketer
• 1962 – Ulla Tørnæs, Danish politician, Danish Minister of Education
• 1962 – Shinya Yamanaka, Japanese physician and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1963 – Bobby Jarzombek, American drummer
• 1963 – John Vanbiesbrouck, American ice hockey player, coach, and manager
• 1963 – Sami Yaffa, Finnish singer-songwriter and bass player
• 1964 – Guy Boros, American golfer
• 1964 – Aadesh Shrivastava, Indian singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
• 1965 – Sergio Momesso, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster
• 1966 – Yanka Dyagileva, Russian singer-songwriter (d. 1991)
• 1966 – Jeff Tremaine, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1967 – Darrin Murray, New Zealand cricketer and accountant
• 1967 – Dezső Szabó, Hungarian decathlete
• 1968 – John DiMaggio, American voice actor
• 1968 – Mike Piazza, American baseball player
• 1969 – Sasha, Welsh DJ and producer
• 1969 – Ramon Dekkers, Dutch kick-boxer and mixed martial artist (d. 2013)
• 1969 – Giorgi Margvelashvili, Georgian academic and politician, 4th President of Georgia
• 1969 – Noah Taylor, English-Australian actor and singer
• 1969 – Inga Tuigamala, Samoan-New Zealand rugby player
• 1970 – Igor Cavalera, Brazilian drummer
• 1970 – Sven Meyer, German footballer
• 1971 – Lance Klusener, South African cricketer and coach
• 1971 – Ione Skye, English-American actress
• 1971 – Maik Taylor, German-Irish footballer and coach
• 1972 – Françoise Yip, Canadian actress
• 1973 – Jason David Frank, American actor and mixed martial artist
• 1973 – Aaron Fultz, American baseball player and coach
• 1974 – Carmit Bachar, American singer, dancer, and actress
• 1974 – Mati Pari, Estonian footballer and coach
• 1974 – Lincoln Roberts, Tobagonian cricketer
• 1974 – Sirly Tiik, Estonian javelin thrower and shot putter
• 1975 – Sergio Ballesteros, Spanish footballer
• 1975 – Mark Ronson, English DJ, producer, and songwriter, co-founded Allido Records
• 1975 – Dave Salmoni, Canadian zoologist, television host, and producer
• 1975 – Yoani Sánchez, Cuban philologist and blogger
• 1976 – Katreeya English, English-Thai singer, actress, and model
• 1976 – Denilson Martins Nascimento, Brazilian footballer
• 1976 – Mario-Ernesto Rodríguez, Uruguayan-Italian footballer
• 1977 – Sun-woo Kim, South Korean baseball player
• 1977 – Lucie Silvas, English singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1977 – Kia Stevens, American wrestler
• 1978 – Wes Bentley, American actor and producer
• 1978 – Frederik Veuchelen, Belgian cyclist
• 1978 – Christian Walz, Swedish singer-songwriter and producer
• 1979 – Maxim Afinogenov, Russian ice hockey player
• 1979 – Pedro Macedo Camacho, Portuguese pianist, composer, and producer
• 1979 – Kosuke Matsuura, Japanese race car driver
• 1979 – MC Mong, South Korean rapper, producer, and actor
• 1980 – Max Greenfield, American actor
• 1980 – Pat Neshek, American baseball player
• 1981 – Beyoncé, American singer-songwriter, producer, dancer, and actress
• 1981 – Richard Garcia, Australian footballer
• 1981 – Lacey Sturm, American singer-songwriter
• 1982 – Whitney Cummings, American comedian, actress, producer, and screenwriter
• 1982 – Mark Lewis-Francis, English sprinter
• 1982 – Sarah Solemani, English actress and playwright
• 1983 – Yuichi Nakamaru, Japanese singer-songwriter, actor, and radio host
• 1983 – Margit Rüütel, Estonian tennis player
• 1983 – Armands Šķēle, Latvian basketball player
• 1984 – Jonathan Adam, Scottish race car driver
• 1984 – Camila Bordonaba, Argentinian singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
• 1984 – Hamish McIntosh, Australian footballer
• 1984 – Kyle Mooney, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter
• 1985 – Raúl Albiol, Spanish footballer
• 1985 – Ri Kwang-chon, North Korean footballer
• 1985 – Walid Mesloub, Algerian footballer
• 1986 – OMI, Jamaican singer
• 1986 – Ayumi Kaihori, Japanese footballer
• 1986 – James Younghusband, Filipino footballer
• 1988 – John Tyler Hammons, American politician
• 1989 – Elliott Whitehead, English rugby league player
• 1990 – James Bay, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1990 – Stefanía Fernández, Venezuelan model, Miss Universe 2009
• 1990 – Jonny Lomax, English rugby player
• 1990 – Danny Worsnop, English singer-songwriter
• 1993 – Yannick Ferreira Carrasco, Belgian footballer
• 1993 – Jody Fannin, English race car driver
• 1993 – Chantal Škamlová, Slovak tennis player
• 1994 – Kenny McEvoy, Irish footballer
• 1994 – Sabina Sharipova, Uzbekistan tennis player

Deaths[edit]

• 422 – Pope Boniface I
• 799 – Musa al-Kadhim, Arabic imam (b. 745)
• 1037 – Bermudo III of León (b. 1010)
• 1063 – Tughril, Turkish ruler (b. 990)
• 1199 – Joan of England, Queen of Sicily (b. 1165)
• 1323 – Gegeen Khan, Emperor Yingzong of Yuan (b. 1303)
• 1537 – Johann Dietenberger, German theologian and translator (b. 1475)
• 1588 – Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, English academic and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Norfolk (b. 1532)
• 1767 – Charles Townshend, English politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (b. 1725)
• 1780 – John Fielding, English lawyer and judge (b. 1721)
• 1784 – César-François Cassini de Thury, French astronomer and cartographer (b. 1714)
• 1794 – John Hely-Hutchinson, Irish lawyer and politician (b. 1724)
• 1804 – Richard Somers, American lieutenant (b. 1778)
• 1820 – Timothy Brown, English banker and merchant (b. 1743/4)
• 1821 – José Miguel Carrera, Chilean general and politician (b. 1785)
• 1849 – Friedrich Laun, German author (b. 1770)
• 1852 – William MacGillivray, Scottish biologist and ornithologist (b. 1796)
• 1864 – John Hunt Morgan, American general (b. 1825)
• 1907 – Edvard Grieg, Norwegian pianist and composer (b. 1843)
• 1909 – Clyde Fitch, American playwright and songwriter (b. 1865)
• 1914 – Charles Péguy, French poet and philosopher (b. 1873)
• 1940 – George William de Carteret, French-English journalist and author (b. 1869)
• 1944 – Erich Fellgiebel, German general (b. 1886)
• 1949 – Olof Ås, Swedish actor and production manager (b. 1892)
• 1963 – Robert Schuman, Luxembourgian-French politician, 130th Prime Minister of France (b. 1886)
• 1965 – Albert Schweitzer, French-Gabonese physician, theologian, and missionary, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1875)
• 1974 – Creighton Abrams, American general (b. 1914)
• 1974 – Marcel Achard, French playwright and screenwriter (b. 1899)
• 1974 – Charles Arnison, English airman (b. 1893)
• 1974 – Lewi Pethrus, Swedish minister and hymn-writer (b. 1884)
• 1977 – Stelios Perpiniadis, Greek singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1899)
• 1977 – Jean Rostand, French biologist and philosopher (b. 1894)
• 1977 – E. F. Schumacher, German-English economist and statistician (b. 1911)
• 1982 – Jack Tworkov, Polish-American painter (b. 1900)
• 1985 – George O'Brien, American actor and singer (b. 1899)
• 1986 – Otto Glória, Brazilian footballer and manager (b. 1917)
• 1986 – Hank Greenberg, American baseball player and manager (b. 1911)
• 1987 – Bill Bowes, English cricketer and coach (b. 1908)
• 1989 – Georges Simenon, Belgian-Swiss author (b. 1903)
• 1989 – Ronald Syme, New Zealand historian and author (b. 1903)
• 1990 – Lawrence A. Cremin, American historian and author (b. 1925)
• 1990 – Irene Dunne American actress and singer (b. 1898)
• 1990 – Turan Dursun, Turkish scholar and author (b. 1934)
• 1991 – Charlie Barnet, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (b. 1913)
• 1991 – Tom Tryon, American actor and author (b. 1926)
• 1991 – Dottie West, American singer-songwriter and actress (b. 1932)
• 1993 – Hervé Villechaize, French-American actor (b. 1943)
• 1995 – Chuck Greenberg, American saxophonist, composer, and producer (b. 1950)
• 1995 – William Kunstler, American lawyer and activist (b. 1919)
• 1996 – Joan Clarke, English cryptanalyst and numismatist (b. 1917)
• 1997 – Dharamvir Bharati, Indian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1926)
• 1997 – Aldo Rossi, Italian architect, designed the Bonnefanten Museum and Teatro Carlo Felice (b. 1931)
• 1998 – Ernst Jaakson, Estonian diplomat (b. 1905)
• 1998 – Elizabeth Kata, Australian author and screenwriter (b. 1912)
• 1999 – Georg Gawliczek, German footballer and manager (b. 1919)
• 2001 – Hank the Angry Drunken Dwarf, American radio host and actor (b. 1962)
• 2002 – Vlado Perlemuter, Lithuanian-French pianist and educator (b. 1904)
• 2003 – Lola Bobesco, Romanian-Belgian violinist and educator (b. 1921)
• 2003 – Tibor Varga, Hungarian violinist and conductor (b. 1921)
• 2004 – Alphonso Ford, American basketball player (b. 1971)
• 2004 – Moe Norman, Canadian golfer (b. 1929)
• 2004 – James O. Page, American paramedic and firefighter (b. 1936)
• 2006 – Giacinto Facchetti, Italian footballer and manager (b. 1942)
• 2006 – Steve Irwin, Australian zoologist and television host (b. 1962)
• 2006 – Colin Thiele, Australian author, poet, and educator (b. 1920)
• 2006 – Astrid Varnay, Swedish-American soprano (b. 1918)
• 2007 – John Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch, Scottish soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Roxburghshire (b. 1923)
• 2011 – Lee Roy Selmon, American football player (b. 1954)
• 2012 – Abraham Avigdorov, Israeli soldier (b. 1929)
• 2012 – Albert Marre, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1924)
• 2012 – George Savitsky, American football player (b. 1924)
• 2012 – Syed Mustafa Siraj, Indian author (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Hakam Sufi, Indian singer-songwriter (b. 1952)
• 2013 – Michel Pagé, Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1949)
• 2013 – Dick Raaymakers, Dutch composer and theorist (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Daniele Seccarecci, Italian bodybuilder (b. 1980)
• 2013 – Stanislav Stepashkin, Russian boxer (b. 1940)
• 2013 – Casey Viator, American bodybuilder and journalist (b. 1951)
• 2014 – Ron Mulock, Australian lawyer and politician, 10th Deputy Premier of New South Wales (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Wolfhart Pannenberg, Polish-German theologian and academic (b. 1928)
• 2014 – Joan Rivers, American comedian, television host, and author (b. 1933)
• 2015 – Graham Brazier, New Zealand singer-songwriter (b. 1952)
• 2015 – Chandra Bahadur Dangi, Nepalese dwarf (b. 1939)
• 2015 – Jean Darling, American actress (b. 1922)
• 2015 – Wilfred de Souza, Indian surgeon and politician, 7th Chief Minister of Goa (b. 1927)
• 2015 – Warren Murphy, American author and screenwriter (b. 1933)
• 2015 – Rico Rodriguez, Cuban-English trombonist (b. 1934)

[edit]

• 917 – Liu Yan declares himself emperor, establishing the Southern Han state in southern China, at his capital of Panyu.
• 1590 – Alexander Farnese's army forces Henry IV of France to lift the siege of Paris.
• 1661 – Fall of Nicolas Fouquet: Louis XIV Superintendent of Finances is arrested in Nantes by D'Artagnan, captain of the king's musketeers.
• 1666 – Great Fire of London ends: Ten thousand buildings including St Paul's Cathedral are destroyed, but only six people are known to have died.
• 1697 – War of the Grand Alliance : A French warship commanded by Captain Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville defeated an English squadron at the Battle of Hudson's Bay.
• 1698 – In an effort to Westernize his nobility, Tsar Peter I of Russia imposes a tax on beards for all men except the clergy and peasantry.
• 1725 – Wedding of Louis XV and Maria Leszczyńska.
• 1774 – First Continental Congress assembles in Philadelphia.
• 1781 – Battle of the Chesapeake in the American Revolutionary War: The British Navy is repelled by the French Navy, contributing to the British surrender at Yorktown.
• 1793 – French Revolution: The French National Convention initiates the Reign of Terror.
• 1798 – Conscription is made mandatory in France by the Jourdan law.
• 1812 – War of 1812: The Siege of Fort Wayne begins when Chief Winamac's forces attack two soldiers returning from the fort's outhouses.
• 1816 – Louis XVIII has to dissolve the Chambre introuvable ("Unobtainable Chamber").
• 1836 – Sam Houston is elected as the first president of the Republic of Texas.
• 1839 – The United Kingdom declares war on the Qing dynasty of China.
• 1840 – Premiere of Giuseppe Verdi's Un giorno di regno at La Scala of Milan.
• 1862 – American Civil War: The Potomac River is crossed at White's Ford in the Maryland Campaign.
• 1862 – James Glaisher, pioneering meteorologist and Henry Tracey Coxwell break world record for altitude whilst collecting data in their balloon.
• 1864 – François Achille Bazaine becomes Marshal of France.
• 1877 – American Indian Wars: Oglala Sioux chief Crazy Horse is bayoneted by a United States soldier after resisting confinement in a guardhouse at Fort Robinson in Nebraska.
• 1882 – The first United States Labor Day parade is held in New York City.
• 1882 – Tottenham Hotspur, a Premier League football club from North London, is founded (as Hotspur F.C.).
• 1887 – A fire at Theatre Royal in Exeter, England kills 186.
• 1905 – Russo-Japanese War: In New Hampshire, United States, the Treaty of Portsmouth, mediated by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, ends the war.
• 1906 – The first legal forward pass in American football is thrown by Bradbury Robinson of St. Louis University to teammate Jack Schneider in a 22–0 victory over Carroll College (Wisconsin).
• 1914 – World War I: First Battle of the Marne begins. Northeast of Paris, the French attack and defeat German forces who are advancing on the capital.
• 1915 – The pacifist Zimmerwald Conference begins.
• 1918 – The original publication of the Cheka decree, "On Red Terror".
• 1921 – Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle party in San Francisco ends with the death of the young actress Virginia Rappe: One of the first scandals of the Hollywood community.
• 1927 – The first Oswald the Lucky Rabbit cartoon, Trolley Troubles, produced by Walt Disney, is released by Universal Pictures.
• 1932 – The French Upper Volta is broken apart between Ivory Coast, French Sudan, and Niger.
• 1937 – Spanish Civil War: Llanes falls to the Nationalists following a one-day siege.
• 1938 – Chile: A group of youths affiliated with the fascist National Socialist Movement of Chile are assassinated in the Seguro Obrero massacre.
• 1941 – Whole territory of Estonia is occupied by Nazi Germany.
• 1942 – World War II: Japanese high command orders withdrawal at Milne Bay, the first major Japanese defeat in land warfare during the Pacific War.
• 1943 – World War II: The 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment lands and occupies Lae Nadzab Airport, near Lae in the Salamaua–Lae campaign.
• 1944 – Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg constitute Benelux.
• 1945 – Cold War: Igor Gouzenko, a Soviet Union embassy clerk, defects to Canada, exposing Soviet espionage in North America, signalling the beginning of the Cold War.
• 1945 – Iva Toguri D'Aquino, a Japanese American suspected of being wartime radio propagandist Tokyo Rose, is arrested in Yokohama.
• 1948 – In France, Robert Schuman becomes President of the Council while being Foreign minister, As such, he is the negotiator of the major treaties of the end of World War II.
• 1957 – Cuban Revolution: Fulgencio Batista bombs the revolt in Cienfuegos.
• 1957 – On the Road, a novel by American writer Jack Kerouac, is published.
• 1960 – The poet Léopold Sédar Senghor is elected as the first President of Senegal.
• 1960 – Muhammad Ali (then Cassius Clay) wins the gold medal in the light heavyweight boxing competition at the Olympic Games in Rome.
• 1969 – My Lai Massacre: U.S. Army Lieutenant William Calley is charged with six specifications of premeditated murder for the death of 109 Vietnamese civilians in My Lai.
• 1970 – Vietnam War: Operation Jefferson Glenn begins: The United States 101st Airborne Division and the South Vietnamese 1st Infantry Division initiate a new operation in Thừa Thiên–Huế Province.
• 1970 – Jochen Rindt becomes the only driver to posthumously win the Formula One World Drivers' Championship (in 1970), after being killed in practice for the Italian Grand Prix.
• 1972 – Munich massacre: A Palestinian terrorist group called "Black September" attacks and takes hostage 11 Israeli athletes at the Munich Olympic Games. Two die in the attack and nine die the following day.
• 1975 – Sacramento, California: Lynette Fromme attempts to assassinate U.S. President Gerald Ford.
• 1977 – Hanns Martin Schleyer is kidnapped in Cologne, West Germany by the Red Army Faction and is later murdered.
• 1977 – Voyager program: Voyager 1 is launched after a brief delay.
• 1978 – Camp David Accords: Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat begin peace discussions at Camp David, Maryland.
• 1980 – The Gotthard Road Tunnel opens in Switzerland as the world's longest highway tunnel at 10.14 miles (16.32 km) stretching from Göschenen to Airolo.
• 1984 – STS-41-D: The Space Shuttle Discovery lands after its maiden voyage.
• 1984 – Western Australia becomes the last Australian state to abolish capital punishment.
• 1986 – Pan Am Flight 73 with 358 people on board is hijacked at Karachi International Airport.
• 1990 – Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Army soldiers slaughter 158 civilians.
• 1991 – The current international treaty defending indigenous peoples, Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989, comes into force.
• 1996 – Hurricane Fran makes landfall near Cape Fear, North Carolina as a Category 3 storm with 115 mph sustained winds. Fran caused over $3 billion in damage and killed 27 people.
• 2012 – A firecracker factory explodes near Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, killing 40 and injuring 50 others.
• 2012 – An accidental explosion at a Turkish Army ammunition store in Afyon, western Turkey kills 25 soldiers and wounds four others.

Births[edit]

• 699 – Abu Hanifa, Iraqi scholar (d. 767)
• 1187 – Louis VIII of France (d. 1226)
• 1201 – Alix, Duchess of Brittany (d. 1221)
• 1319 – Peter IV of Aragon (d. 1387)
• 1540 – Magnus, Duke of Holstein (d. 1583)
• 1567 – Date Masamune, Japanese daimyo (d. 1636)
• 1568 – Tommaso Campanella, Italian poet, philosopher, and theologian (d. 1639)
• 1638 – Louis XIV of France (d. 1715)
• 1666 – Gottfried Arnold, German historian and theologian (d. 1714)
• 1667 – Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri, Italian priest, mathematician, and philosopher (d. 1733)
• 1694 – František Václav Míča, Czech conductor and composer (d. 1744)
• 1695 – Carl Gustaf Tessin, Swedish politician and diplomat (d. 1770)
• 1722 – Frederick Christian, Elector of Saxony (d. 1763)
• 1725 – Jean-Étienne Montucla, French mathematician and theorist (d. 1799)
• 1735 – Johann Christian Bach, German-English viol player and composer (d. 1782)
• 1750 – Robert Fergusson, Scottish poet and author (d. 1774)
• 1769 – John Shortland, English commander (d. 1810)
• 1771 – Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen (d. 1847)
• 1772 – Fath-Ali Shah Qajar, Iranian king (d. 1834)
• 1774 – Caspar David Friedrich, German painter and etcher (d. 1840)
• 1775 – Juan Martín Díez, Spanish general (d. 1825)
• 1781 – Anton Diabelli, Austrian composer and publisher (d. 1858)
• 1787 – François Sulpice Beudant, French mineralogist and geologist (d. 1850)
• 1791 – Giacomo Meyerbeer, German pianist and composer (d. 1864)
• 1792 – Ours-Pierre-Armand Petit-Dufrénoy, French geologist and mineralogist (d. 1857)
• 1806 – Christophe Léon Louis Juchault de Lamoricière, French general and politician, French Minister of War (d. 1865)
• 1817 – Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy, Russian poet, author, and playwright (d. 1875)
• 1818 – Edmund Kennedy, Australian explorer and surveyor (d. 1848)
• 1826 – John Wisden, English cricketer and businessman (d. 1884)
• 1827 – Goffredo Mameli, Italian poet and songwriter (d. 1849)
• 1831 – Victorien Sardou, French author and playwright (d. 1908)
• 1833 – George Huntington Hartford, American businessman (d. 1917)
• 1836 – Justiniano Borgoño, Peruvian soldier and politician, 57th President of Peru (d. 1921)
• 1847 – Jesse James, American criminal (d. 1882)
• 1850 – Jack Daniel, American businessman, founded Jack Daniel's (d. 1911)
• 1856 – Thomas E. Watson, American lawyer, publisher, and politician (d. 1922)
• 1867 – Amy Beach, American pianist and composer (d. 1944)
• 1871 – Friedrich Akel, Estonian physician and politician, Head of State of Estonia (d 1941)
• 1872 – V. O. Chidambaram Pillai, Indian lawyer and politician (d. 1936)
• 1873 – Cornelius Vanderbilt III, American general and engineer (d. 1942)
• 1874 – Nap Lajoie, American baseball player and manager (d. 1959)
• 1876 – Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb, German field marshal (d. 1956)
• 1876 – Abdelaziz Thâalbi, Tunisian politician (d. 1944)
• 1880 – José María of Manila, Spanish-Filipino priest and martyr (d. 1936)
• 1881 – Otto Bauer, Austrian philosopher and politician, Foreign Minister of Austria (d. 1938)
• 1881 – Henry Maitland Wilson, 1st Baron Wilson, English field marshal (d. 1964)
• 1883 – Otto Erich Deutsch, Austrian musicologist and scholar (d. 1967)
• 1888 – Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, Indian philosopher and politician, 2nd President of India (d. 1975)
• 1892 – Joseph Szigeti, Hungarian violinist and educator (d. 1973)
• 1897 – Morris Carnovsky, American actor (d. 1992)
• 1897 – Arthur Nielsen, American market analyst, founded ACNielsen (d. 1980)
• 1899 – Humphrey Cobb, American author and screenwriter (d. 1944)
• 1899 – Helen Creighton, Canadian author and educator (d. 1989)
• 1901 – Florence Eldridge, American actress (d. 1988)
• 1901 – Mario Scelba, Italian politician, 33rd Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1991)
• 1902 – Jean Dalrymple, American playwright, producer, manager, and publicist (d. 1998)
• 1902 – Darryl F. Zanuck, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1979)
• 1903 – Gloria Holden, American actress (d. 1991)
• 1904 – Vera Bradford, Australian pianist and educator (d. 2004)
• 1905 – Maurice Challe, French general (d. 1979)
• 1905 – Arthur Koestler, Hungarian-English journalist and author (d. 1983)
• 1905 – Justiniano Montano, Filipino lawyer and politician (d. 2005)
• 1906 – Ralston Crawford, American painter, lithographer, and photographer (d. 1978)
• 1907 – Sunnyland Slim, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1995)
• 1907 – Layne Britton, American makeup artist and actor (d. 1993)
• 1908 – Josué de Castro, Brazilian physician, geographer, and activist (d. 1973)
• 1908 – Joaquín Nin-Culmell, German-American pianist and composer (d. 2004)
• 1909 – Hans Carste, German pianist and conductor (d. 1971)
• 1909 – Bernard Delfont, Russian-English talent manager (d. 1994)
• 1909 – Archie Jackson, Scottish-Australian cricketer (d. 1933)
• 1910 – Leila Mackinlay, English author (d. 1996)
• 1910 – Phiroze Palia, Indian cricketer (d. 1981)
• 1912 – John Cage, American composer and theorist (d. 1992)
• 1912 – Kristina Söderbaum, Swedish-German actress and photographer (d. 2001)
• 1912 – Frank Thomas, American voice actor, animator, and screenwriter (d. 2004)
• 1914 – Stuart Freeborn, English make up artist (d. 2013)
• 1914 – Gail Kubik, American violinist, composer, and educator (d. 1984)
• 1914 – Nicanor Parra, Chilean physicist, mathematician, and poet
• 1916 – Frank Shuster, Canadian comedian, actor, and screenwriter (d. 2002)
• 1916 – Frank Yerby, American novelist (d. 1991)
• 1917 – Pedro E. Guerrero, American photographer (d. 2012)
• 1917 – Sören Nordin, Swedish harness racer and trainer (d. 2008)
• 1918 – Luis Alcoriza, Mexican actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1992)
• 1918 – Bob Katter, Sr., Australian captain and politician (d. 1990)
• 1918 – Buddy Williams, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1986)
• 1919 – Elisabeth Volkenrath, German SS officer (d. 1945)
• 1920 – Peter Racine Fricker, English-American composer and educator (d. 1990)
• 1920 – Fons Rademakers, Dutch-Swiss actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2007)
• 1921 – Murray Henderson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2013)
• 1921 – Jack Valenti, American businessman, created the MPAA film rating system (d. 2007)
• 1921 – Nazife Güran, Turkish composer (d. 1993)
• 1922 – Denys Wilkinson, English physicist and academic
• 1923 – David Hamer, Australian captain and politician (d. 2002)
• 1923 – Ken Meuleman, Australian cricketer (d. 2004)
• 1924 – Paul Dietzel, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
• 1925 – Justin Kaplan, American author (d. 2014)
• 1927 – Paul Volcker, American economist and academic
• 1928 – Joyce Hatto, English pianist and educator (d. 2006)
• 1928 – Damayanti Joshi, Indian dancer and choreographer (d. 2004)
• 1928 – Albert Mangelsdorff, German trombonist and educator (d. 2005)
• 1929 – Bob Newhart, American comedian, actor and screenwriter
• 1929 – Andriyan Nikolayev, Russian general, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2004)
• 1932 – Carol Lawrence, American actress and singer
• 1933 – Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa, Chilean cardinal
• 1934 – Paul Josef Cordes, German cardinal
• 1934 – Dennis Letts, American actor and educator (d. 2008)
• 1934 – Kevin McNamara, English politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
• 1935 – Johnny Briggs, English actor
• 1935 – Werner Erhard, American author and philanthropist, founded Werner Erhard and Associates and The Hunger Project
• 1935 – Helen Gifford, Australian composer and educator
• 1936 – Robert Burns, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 2014)
• 1936 – John Danforth, American politician and diplomat, 24th United States Ambassador to the United Nations
• 1936 – Jonathan Kozol, American sociologist, author, and educator
• 1936 – Bill Mazeroski, American baseball player and coach
• 1936 – Knuts Skujenieks, Latvian poet, journalist, and translator
• 1937 – Antonio Valentín Angelillo, Argentinian footballer and manager
• 1937 – Dick Clement, English director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1937 – William Devane, American actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1938 – John Ferguson, Sr., Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (d. 2007)
• 1938 – Doreen Massey, Baroness Massey of Darwen, English politician
• 1939 – Claudette Colvin, American nurse and activist
• 1939 – George Lazenby, Australian actor
• 1939 – Clay Regazzoni, Swiss race car driver and sportscaster (d. 2006)
• 1939 – John Stewart, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2008)
• 1939 – George Tremlett, English journalist, author, and politician
• 1940 – Valerie Howarth, Baroness Howarth of Breckland, English politician
• 1940 – Raquel Welch, American actress and singer
• 1941 – Dave Dryden, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1942 – Denise Fabre, French television host
• 1942 – Werner Herzog, German actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1942 – Eduardo Mata, Mexican conductor and composer (d. 1995)
• 1943 – Dulce Saguisag, Filipino social worker and politician, 10th Filipino Secretary of Social Welfare and Development (d. 2007)
• 1944 – Dario Bellezza, Italian poet, author, and playwright (d. 1996)
• 1944 – Gareth Evans, Australian lawyer and politician, 33rd Australian Minister of Foreign Affairs
• 1945 – Eva Bergman, Swedish director and screenwriter
• 1945 – Al Stewart, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1946 – Kyongae Chang, South Korean astrophysicist and academic
• 1946 – Dennis Dugan, American actor and director
• 1946 – Dean Ford, Scottish singer-songwriter (Marmalade)
• 1946 – Margaret Howell, English fashion designer
• 1946 – Freddie Mercury, Tanzanian-English singer-songwriter and producer (d. 1991)
• 1946 – Loudon Wainwright III, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
• 1947 – Mel Collins, Manx saxophonist and flute player
• 1947 – Chip Davis, American pianist, songwriter, and producer
• 1947 – Buddy Miles, American singer-songwriter and drummer (d. 2008)
• 1947 – Bruce Yardley, Australian cricketer and sportscaster
• 1948 – Benita Ferrero-Waldner, Austrian lawyer, politician, and diplomat, Foreign Minister of Austria
• 1949 – Clem Clempson, English guitarist and songwriter
• 1950 – Rosie Cooper, English businesswoman and politician
• 1950 – Cathy Guisewite, American cartoonist, created Cathy
• 1951 – Paul Breitner, German footballer
• 1951 – Michael Keaton, American actor and producer
• 1953 – Victor Davis Hanson, American historian and journalist
• 1953 – Murray Mexted, New Zealand rugby player and sportscaster
• 1953 – Eiki Nestor, Estonian engineer and politician, Estonian Minister of Social Affairs
• 1953 – Paul Piché, Canadian singer-songwriter
• 1954 – Richard Austin, Jamaican footballer and cricketer (d. 2015)
• 1954 – Frederick Kempe, American journalist and author
• 1956 – Roine Stolt, Swedish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1957 – Rudi Gores, German footballer and manager
• 1957 – Peter Winnen, Dutch cyclist
• 1958 – Lars Danielsson, Swedish bassist, composer, and producer
• 1959 – Frank Schirrmacher, German journalist and publisher (d. 2014)
• 1960 – Don Kulick, Swedish anthropologist and academic
• 1961 – Marc-André Hamelin, Canadian pianist and composer
• 1962 – Tracy Edwards, English sailor and coach
• 1962 – John McGrath, Welsh businessman
• 1963 – Juan Alderete, American bass player and songwriter
• 1963 – Kristian Alfonso, American figure skater and actress
• 1963 – Jeff Brantley, American baseball player and sportscaster
• 1963 – Terry Ellis, American R&B singer-songwriter (En Vogue)
• 1963 – Taki Inoue, Japanese race car driver and manager
• 1964 – Frank Farina, Australian footballer and manager
• 1964 – Sergei Loznitsa, Belarusian-Ukrainian director and screenwriter
• 1964 – Ken Norman, American basketball player
• 1964 – Amanda Ooms, Swedish actress
• 1964 – Kevin Saunderson, American DJ and producer (Inner City)
• 1964 – Emmanuel Yarborough, American sumo wrestler, mixed martial artist, and actor (d. 2015)
• 1965 – David Brabham, Australian race car driver
• 1965 – Chris Gore, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1965 – Tōru Nakamura, Japanese actor
• 1965 – César Rincón, Colombian bullfighter
• 1965 – Nick Talbot, English geneticist and academic
• 1966 – Achero Mañas, Spanish actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1966 – Milinko Pantić, Serbian footballer and manager
• 1967 – Arnel Pineda, Filipino singer-songwriter
• 1967 – India Hicks, English model
• 1967 – Matthias Sammer, German footballer and manager
• 1967 – Jane Sixsmith, English field hockey player
• 1968 – Serhiy Kovalets, Ukrainian footballer and manager
• 1968 – Dennis Scott, American basketball player and sportscaster
• 1968 – Robin van der Laan, Dutch footballer and coach
• 1968 – Brad Wilk, American singer-songwriter and drummer
• 1969 – Leonardo Araújo, Brazilian footballer and manager
• 1969 – Mariko Kouda, Japanese voice actress, singer, and radio host
• 1969 – Mark Ramprakash, English cricketer and coach
• 1969 – Dweezil Zappa, American singer, guitarist, and actor
• 1970 – Liam Lynch, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, puppeteer, and director
• 1970 – Mohammad Rafique, Bangladeshi cricketer
• 1970 – Gilbert Remulla, Filipino journalist and politician
• 1970 – Johnny Vegas, English actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1971 – Adam Hollioake, Australian cricketer and mixed martial artist
• 1972 – Shane Sewell, Canadian-American wrestler and referee
• 1972 – Guy Whittall, Zimbabwean cricketer
• 1973 – Paddy Considine, English actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1973 – Rose McGowan, American actress
• 1974 – Rawl Lewis, Grenadian cricketer
• 1974 – Ken-Marti Vaher, Estonian politician, Estonian Minister of the Interior
• 1975 – Rod Barajas, American baseball player and manager
• 1975 – George Boateng, Dutch footballer and manager
• 1975 – Randy Choate, American baseball player
• 1975 – Matt Geyer, Australian rugby player and coach
• 1976 – Tatiana Gutsu, Ukrainian gymnast
• 1976 – Richard Marsland, Australian actor, screenwriter, and radio host (d. 2008)
• 1977 – Rosevelt Colvin, American football player and sportscaster
• 1977 – Joseba Etxeberria, Spanish footballer
• 1977 – Minoru Fujita, Japanese wrestler
• 1977 – Nazr Mohammed, American basketball player
• 1978 – Laura Bertram, Canadian actress
• 1978 – Chris Jack, New Zealand rugby player
• 1978 – Sylvester Joseph, Caribbean cricketer
• 1978 – Holly Randall, American erotic photographer
• 1978 – Zhang Zhong, Chinese chess player
• 1979 – John Carew, Norwegian footballer
• 1979 – Stacey Dales, Canadian basketball player and sportscaster
• 1979 – Salvatore Mastronunzio, Italian footballer
• 1979 – George O'Callaghan, Irish footballer
• 1980 – Franco Costanzo, Argentinian footballer
• 1981 – Daniel Moreno, Spanish cyclist
• 1981 – Kai Rüütel, Estonian opera singer
• 1981 – Filippo Volandri, Italian tennis player
• 1982 – Alexandre Geijo, Spanish-Swiss footballer
• 1982 – Sondre Lerche, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1983 – Eugen Bopp, Ukrainian-German footballer
• 1983 – Pablo Granoche, Uruguayan footballer
• 1983 – Antony Sweeney, English footballer
• 1984 – Yulia Peresild, Russian actress
• 1984 – Chris Anker Sørensen, Danish cyclist
• 1985 – Ryan Guy, American soccer player
• 1986 – Colt McCoy, American football player
• 1986 – Pragyan Ojha, Indian cricketer
• 1988 – Denni Avdić, Swedish footballer
• 1988 – Felipe Caicedo, Ecuadorian footballer
• 1988 – Nuri Şahin, Turkish footballer
• 1988 – John Bradley-West, English actor
• 1989 – Elena Delle Donne, American basketball player
• 1989 – José Ángel Valdés, Spanish footballer
• 1989 – Ben Youngs, English rugby player
• 1990 – Antonio Esposito, Italian footballer
• 1990 – Angy Fernández, Spanish singer and actress
• 1990 – Ami Kikuchi, Japanese model and radio host
• 1990 – Francesca Segarelli, Dominican tennis player
• 1990 – Lance Stephenson, American basketball player
• 1990 – Kim Yuna, South Korean figure skater
• 1990 – Franco Zuculini, Argentinian footballer
• 1991 – Zeki Yavru, Turkish footballer
• 1995 – Tehilla Blad, Swedish actress and dancer
• 1995 – Szabina Szlavikovics, Hungarian tennis player
• 1996 – Richairo Živković, Dutch footballer

Deaths[edit]

• 590 – Authari, Lombard king (b. 540)
• 1165 – Emperor Nijō of Japan (b. 1143)
• 1201 – Constance, Duchess of Brittany (b. 1161)
• 1235 – Henry I, Duke of Brabant (b. 1165)
• 1607 – Pomponne de Bellièvre, French politician, Chancellor of France (b. 1529)
• 1629 – Domenico Allegri, Italian singer-songwriter (b. 1585)
• 1734 – Nicolas Bernier, French composer (b. 1664)
• 1786 – Jonas Hanway, English merchant and philanthropist (b. 1712)
• 1803 – Pierre Choderlos de Laclos, French general and author (b. 1741)
• 1803 – François Devienne, French flute player and composer (b. 1759)
• 1836 – Ferdinand Raimund, Austrian actor and playwright (b. 1790)
• 1838 – Charles Percier, French architect and interior decorator (b. 1764)
• 1857 – Auguste Comte, French sociologist and philosopher (b. 1798)
• 1876 – Manuel Blanco Encalada, Chilean admiral and politician, 1st President of Chile (b. 1790)
• 1877 – Crazy Horse, American tribal leader (b. 1849)
• 1898 – Sarah Emma Edmonds, Canadian-American nurse, soldier, and spy (b. 1841)
• 1901 – Ignacij Klemenčič, Slovenian physicist and academic (b. 1853)
• 1902 – Rudolf Virchow, German anthropologist, pathologist, and biologist (b. 1821)
• 1906 – Ludwig Boltzmann, Austrian physicist and philosopher (b. 1844)
• 1912 – Arthur MacArthur, Jr., American general (b. 1845)
• 1917 – Marian Smoluchowski, Austrian-Polish physicist and mountaineer (b. 1872)
• 1920 – Robert Harron, American actor (b. 1893)
• 1922 – Georgette Agutte, French painter (b. 1867)
• 1926 – Karl Harrer, German journalist and politician (b. 1890)
• 1930 – Robert Means Thompson, American soldier, businessman, and philanthropist (b. 1849)
• 1931 – John Thomson, Scottish footballer (b. 1909)
• 1932 – Francisco Acebal, Spanish journalist, author, and playwright (b. 1866)
• 1932 – Paul Bern, German-American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1889)
• 1934 – Sidney Myer, Russian-Australian businessman, founded Myer Stores (b. 1878)
• 1936 – Gustave Kahn, French poet and critic (b. 1859)
• 1942 – François de Labouchère, French soldier and pilot (b. 1917)
• 1945 – Clem Hill, Australian cricketer and footballer (b. 1877)
• 1948 – Richard C. Tolman, American physicist and chemist (b. 1881)
• 1953 – Richard Walther Darré, Argentinian-German agronomist and politician (b. 1895)
• 1954 – Eugen Schiffer, German lawyer and politician, Vice-Chancellor of Germany (b. 1860)
• 1955 – Haydn Bunton, Sr., Australian footballer and coach (b. 1911)
• 1960 – Aku Korhonen, Finnish actor (b. 1892)
• 1965 – Thomas Johnston, Scottish journalist and politician, Secretary of State for Scotland (b. 1882)
• 1966 – Dezső Lauber, Hungarian golfer, tennis player, and architect (b. 1879)
• 1970 – Jochen Rindt, German-Austrian race car driver (b. 1942)
• 1972 – Alan Kippax, Australian cricketer and businessman (b. 1897)
• 1973 – Jack Fournier, American baseball player and coach (b. 1889)
• 1975 – Georg Ots, Estonian actor and singer (b. 1920)
• 1977 – George Barnes, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer (b. 1921)
• 1977 – Marcel Thiry, Belgian poet and activist (b. 1897)
• 1979 – Alberto di Jorio, Italian cardinal (b. 1884)
• 1980 – Don Banks, Australian composer and educator (b. 1923)
• 1982 – Douglas Bader, English captain and pilot (b. 1910)
• 1984 – Adam Malik, Indonesian politician and diplomat, 3rd Vice President of Indonesia (b. 1917)
• 1984 – Jane Roberts, American psychic and author (b. 1929)
• 1985 – Johannes Hint, Estonian engineer (b. 1914)
• 1988 – Gert Fröbe, German actor and singer (b. 1913)
• 1989 – Philip Baxter, Welsh-English engineer and academic (b. 1905)
• 1989 – John Barkley Rosser Sr., American logician (b. 1907)
• 1990 – Hugh Foot, Baron Caradon, English academic and diplomat (b. 1907)
• 1990 – Jerry Iger, American cartoonist and publisher, co-founded Eisner & Iger (b. 1903)
• 1990 – Ivan Mihailov, Bulgarian politician (b. 1896)
• 1991 – Sharad Joshi, Indian author and poet (b. 1931)
• 1992 – Fritz Leiber, American author and poet (b. 1910)
• 1993 – Claude Renoir, French cinematographer (b. 1914)
• 1994 – Shimshon Amitsur, Israeli mathematician and scholar (b. 1921)
• 1994 – John Newman, Australian politician (b. 1946)
• 1995 – Benyamin Sueb, Indonesian comedian, actor, and singer (b. 1939)
• 1996 – Basil Salvadore D'Souza, Indian bishop (b. 1926)
• 1997 – Leon Edel, American author and critic (b. 1907)
• 1997 – Georg Solti, Hungarian conductor and director (b. 1912)
• 1997 – Mother Teresa, Albanian-Indian nun, missionary, and saint, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)
• 1998 – Ferdinand Biondi, Canadian radio host (b. 1909)
• 1998 – Willem Drees, Jr., Dutch economist and politician, Dutch Minister of Transport (b. 1922)
• 1998 – Verner Panton, Danish interior designer (b. 1926)
• 1998 – Leo Penn, American actor and director (b. 1921)
• 1999 – Alan Clark, English historian and politician, Minister for Defence Procurement (b. 1928)
• 1999 – Allen Funt, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1914)
• 1999 – Bryce Mackasey, Canadian businessman and politician, Postmaster General of Canada (b. 1921)
• 2000 – Roy Fredericks, Guyanese cricketer and politician (b. 1942)
• 2000 – Abdul Haris Nasution, Indonesian general and politician, 12th Indonesian Minister of Defense (b. 1918)
• 2001 – Justin Wilson, American chef and author (b. 1914)
• 2001 – Vladimir Žerjavić, Croatian economist and academic (b. 1912)
• 2002 – David Todd Wilkinson, American cosmologist and astronomer (b. 1935)
• 2003 – Gisele MacKenzie, Canadian-American singer and actress (b. 1927)
• 2005 – Roberto Viaux, Chilean general (b. 1917)
• 2007 – Jennifer Dunn, American engineer and politician (b. 1941)
• 2007 – Paul Gillmor, American lawyer and politician (b. 1939)
• 2007 – Thomas Hansen, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1976)
• 2007 – D. James Kennedy, American pastor and author (b. 1930)
• 2007 – Nikos Nikolaidis, Greek director and screenwriter (b. 1939)
• 2009 – Gani Fawehinmi, Nigerian lawyer and activist (b. 1938)
• 2010 – Hedley Beare, Australian author and academic (b. 1932)
• 2010 – Guillaume Cornelis van Beverloo, Belgian-Dutch poet and painter (b. 1922)
• 2010 – Shoya Tomizawa, Japanese motorcycle racer (b. 1990)
• 2012 – Ediz Bahtiyaroğlu, Turkish-Bosnian footballer (b. 1986)
• 2012 – Ian Dick, Australian cricketer and field hockey player (b. 1926)
• 2012 – Victoria Fyodorova, Russian-American actress and author (b. 1946)
• 2012 – John Oaksey, English jockey and journalist (b. 1929)
• 2012 – Joe South, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1940)
• 2013 – Edwin Bideau, American lawyer and politician (b. 1950)
• 2013 – Robert Farrar Capon, American priest and author (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Geoffrey Goodman, English pilot, journalist, and author (b. 1922)
• 2013 – Isamu Jordan, American journalist and academic (b. 1975)
• 2013 – Rochus Misch, German sergeant (b. 1917)
• 2014 – Bruce Morton, American journalist (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Mara Neusel, German mathematician, author, and academic (b. 1964)
• 2015 – Goh Eng Wah, Malaysian-Singaporean businessman, founded Eng Wah Global (b. 1923)
• 2015 – Dennis Greene, American singer and actor (b. 1949)
• 2015 – Aadesh Shrivastava, Indian singer-songwriter (b. 1964)
• 2015 – Chester Stranczek, American baseball player and businessman (b. 1929)
• 2015 – Setsuko Hara, Japanese actress (b. 1920)

Φρέντι Μέρκιουρι 
1946 – 1991

Ο «Χάρι Πότερ» κάνει διακοπές στη Λίνδο 

Ο λόγος για τον Ντάνιελ Ράντκλιφ, ο οποίος βρέθηκε στην γραφική Λίνδο. Ο

 ηθοποιός, που έγινε γνωστός ως «Χάρι Πότερ» δείπνησε σε εστιατόριο της

 περιοχής και ήταν αρκετά ευδιάθετος με όλο τον κόσμο. 

Μάλιστα, δεν αρνήθηκε να ποζάρει μαζί τον ιδιοκτήτη του εστιατορίου.

• 3114 BC – According to the proleptic Julian calendar the current era in the Maya Long Count Calendar started. (Non-standard interpretation).
• 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman Emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills the usurper Eugenius. His Frankish magister militum Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later
• 1492 – Christopher Columbus sails from La Gomera in the Canary Islands, his final port of call before crossing the Atlantic Ocean for the first time.
• 1522 – The Victoria, the only surviving ship of Ferdinand Magellan's expedition, returns to Sanlúcar de Barrameda in Spain, becoming the first ship to circumnavigate the world.
• 1620 – The Pilgrims sail from Plymouth, England, on the Mayflower to settle in North America. (Old Style date; September 16 per New Style date.)
• 1628 – Puritans settle Salem, which will later become part of Massachusetts Bay Colony.
• 1634 – Thirty Years' War: In the Battle of Nördlingen the Catholic Imperial army defeats Protestant armies of Sweden and Germany.
• 1642 – The English Parliament led by Puritans issues an Ordinance suppressing all stage plays in theatres.
• 1781 – The Battle of Groton Heights takes place, resulting in a British victory.
• 1803 – British scientist John Dalton begins using symbols to represent the atoms of different elements.
• 1847 – Henry David Thoreau leaves Walden Pond and moves in with Ralph Waldo Emerson and his family in Concord, Massachusetts.
• 1861 – American Civil War: Forces under Union General Ulysses S. Grant bloodlessly capture Paducah, Kentucky, giving the Union control of the Tennessee River's mouth.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Confederate forces evacuate Battery Wagner and Morris Island in South Carolina.
• 1870 – Louisa Ann Swain of Laramie, Wyoming becomes the first woman in the United States to cast a vote legally after 1807.
• 1885 – Eastern Rumelia declares its union with Bulgaria. Bulgarian unification is henceforth accomplished.
• 1890 – Dublin football club Bohemian F.C. are founded in the Gate Lodge, Phoenix Park.
• 1901 – Leon Czolgosz, an unemployed anarchist, shoots and fatally wounds US President William McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.
• 1916 – The first self-service grocery store, Piggly Wiggly, was opened in Memphis, Tennessee, by Clarence Saunders.
• 1930 – Democratically elected Argentine president Hipólito Yrigoyen is deposed in a military coup.
• 1939 – World War II: At the Battle of Barking Creek, Britain suffers its first fighter pilot casualty of the Second World War as a result of friendly fire.
• 1939 – World War II: South Africa declares war on Nazi Germany.
• 1940 – King Carol II of Romania abdicates and is succeeded by his son Michael.
• 1943 – The Monterrey Institute of Technology, one of the largest and most influential private universities in Latin America, is founded in Monterrey, Mexico.
• 1943 – Pennsylvania Railroad's premier train derails at Frankford Junction in Philadelphia, killing 79 people and injuring 117 others.
• 1944 – World War II: The city of Ypres, Belgium is liberated by Allied forces.
• 1944 – World War II: Soviet forces capture the city of Tartu, Estonia.
• 1946 – United States Secretary of State James F. Byrnes announces that the U.S. will follow a policy of economic reconstruction in postwar Germany.
• 1948 – Juliana becomes Queen of the Netherlands.
• 1949 – Allied military authorities relinquish control of former Nazi Germany assets back to German control.
• 1952 – A prototype aircraft crashes at the Farnborough Airshow in Hampshire, England, killing 29 spectators and the two on board.
• 1955 – Istanbul's Greek, Jewish and Armenian minority are the target of a government-sponsored pogrom; dozens die in the ensuing riots.
• 1962 – The United States government begins the Exercise Spade Fork nuclear readiness drill.
• 1962 – Archaeologist Peter Marsden discovers the first of the Blackfriars Ships dating back to the 2nd century AD in the Blackfriars area of the banks of the River Thames in London.
• 1963 – The Centre for International Industrial Property Studies (CEIPI) is founded.
• 1965 – India retaliates following Pakistan's Operation Grand Slam which results in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 that ends in a stalemate and follows the signing of the Tashkent Declaration.
• 1966 – In Cape Town, South Africa, the architect of Apartheid, Prime Minister Dr. Hendrik Verwoerd, is stabbed to death during a parliamentary meeting.
• 1968 – Swaziland becomes independent.
• 1970 – Two passenger jets bound from Europe to New York are simultaneously hijacked by Palestinian terrorist members of the PFLP and taken to Dawson's Field in Jordan.
• 1972 – Munich massacre: Nine Israel athletes taken hostage at the Munich Olympic Games by the Palestinian "Black September" terrorist group die (as did a German policeman) at the hands of the kidnappers during a failed rescue attempt. Two other Israeli athletes were slain in the initial attack the previous day.
• 1976 – Cold War: Soviet Air Force pilot Lieutenant Viktor Belenko lands a Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 jet fighter at Hakodate on the island of Hokkaidō in Japan and requests political asylum in the United States; his request is granted.
• 1983 – The Soviet Union admits to shooting down Korean Air Lines Flight 007, stating that the pilots did not know it was a civilian aircraft when it violated Soviet airspace.
• 1985 – Midwest Express Airlines Flight 105, a Douglas DC-9 crashes just after takeoff from Milwaukee, Wisconsin, killing 31.
• 1986 – In Istanbul, two terrorists from Abu Nidal's organization kill 22 and wound six inside the Neve Shalom Synagogue during Shabbat services.
• 1991 – The Soviet Union recognizes the independence of the Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
• 1991 – The name Saint Petersburg is restored to Russia's second largest city, which had been known as Leningrad since 1924.
• 1992 – Hunters discover the emaciated body of Christopher McCandless at his camp 20 miles (32 km) west of the town of Healy, Alaska.
• 1995 – Cal Ripken, Jr. of the Baltimore Orioles plays in his 2,131st consecutive game, breaking a record that had stood for 56 years.
• 1997 – The Funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales takes place in London. Well over a million people lined the streets and 2.5 billion watched around the world on television.
• 2007 – Israel executes an air strike, Operation Orchard, to destroy a nuclear reactor in Syria.
• 2008 – Turkish President Abdullah Gül attends an association football match in Armenia after an invitation by Armenian President Serzh Sarkisyan, making him the first Turkish head of state to visit the country.
• 2009 – The ro-ro ferry SuperFerry 9 sinks off the Zamboanga Peninsula in the Philippines with 971 persons aboard; all but ten are rescued.
• 2012 – Sixty-one people die and 48 others are injured after a fishing boat capsizes off the İzmir Province coast of Turkey, near the Greek Aegean islands.

Births[edit]

• 1535 – Emanuel van Meteren, Flemish historian and author (d. 1612)
• 1620 – Isabella Leonarda, Italian composer and educator (d. 1704)
• 1633 – Sebastian Knüpfer, German cantor and composer (d. 1676)
• 1656 – Guillaume Dubois, French cardinal and politician (d. 1723)
• 1666 – Ivan V of Russia, Russian tsar (d. 1696)
• 1711 – Henry Muhlenberg, German-American pastor and missionary (d. 1787)
• 1729 – Moses Mendelssohn, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1786)
• 1732 – Johan Wilcke, Swedish physicist and academic (d. 1796)
• 1757 – Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, French general (d. 1834)
• 1766 – John Dalton, English chemist, meteorologist, and physicist (d. 1844)
• 1781 – Vincent Novello, English composer and publisher (d. 1861)
• 1795 – Frances Wright, Scottish-American author and activist (d. 1852)
• 1800 – Catharine Beecher, American educator and activist (d. 1878)
• 1802 – Alcide d'Orbigny, French zoologist, palaeontologist, and geologist (d. 1857)
• 1808 – Abdelkader El Djezairi, Algerian emir (d. 1883)
• 1814 – George-Étienne Cartier, Canadian lawyer and politician, 9th Premier of East Canada (d. 1873)
• 1815 – St. John Richardson Liddell, American general (d. 1870)
• 1817 – Alexander Tilloch Galt, English-Canadian businessman and politician, 1st Canadian Minister of Finance (d. 1893)
• 1819 – William Rosecrans, American general, politician, and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Mexico (d. 1898)
• 1829 – Maria Zakrzewska, German-American physician (d. 1902)
• 1838 – Samuel Arnold, American conspirator (d. 1906)
• 1852 – Schalk Willem Burger, South African commander, lawyer, and politician, 6th President of the South African Republic (d. 1918)
• 1855 – Ferdinand Hummel, German pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1928)
• 1857 – Zelia Nuttall, American archeologist and historian (d. 1933)
• 1859 – Macpherson Robertson, Australian businessman and philanthropist, founded MacRobertson's (d. 1945)
• 1860 – Jane Addams, American sociologist and author, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1935)
• 1861 – William Lane, English-Australian journalist, founded New Australia (d. 1917)
• 1868 – Heinrich Häberlin, Swiss judge and politician, President of the Swiss National Council (d. 1947)
• 1869 – Walford Davies, English organist and composer (d. 1941)
• 1869 – Felix Salten, Austrian-Swiss author and critic (d. 1945)
• 1876 – John James Rickard Macleod, Scottish physician and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1935)
• 1877 – Buddy Bolden, American cornet player (d. 1930)
• 1879 – Max Schreck, German actor (d. 1936)
• 1879 – Joseph Wirth, German educator and politician, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1956)
• 1888 – Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr., American businessman and diplomat, 44th United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom (d. 1969)
• 1889 – Louis Silvers, American composer (d. 1954)
• 1890 – Clara Kimball Young, American actress and producer (d. 1960)
• 1891 – John Charles Thomas, American actor and singer (d. 1960)
• 1892 – Edward Victor Appleton, English-Scottish physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1965)
• 1893 – Claire Lee Chennault, American general and pilot (d. 1958)
• 1899 – Billy Rose, American composer and manager (d. 1966)
• 1900 – W. A. C. Bennett, Canadian businessman and politician, 25th Premier of British Columbia (d. 1979)
• 1900 – Julien Green, French-American author (d. 1998)
• 1905 – Otto Liiv, Estonian historian and archivist (d. 1942)
• 1906 – Luis Federico Leloir, French-Argentinian physician and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
• 1908 – Anthony Wagner, English genealogist and academic (d. 1995)
• 1908 – Korczak Ziolkowski, American sculptor, designed the Crazy Horse Memorial (d. 1982)
• 1909 – Michael Gordon, American actor and director (d. 1993)
• 1910 – Walter Giesler, American soccer player, referee, and coach (d. 1976)
• 1911 – Harry Danning, American baseball player and coach (d. 2004)
• 1911 – Charles Deutsch, French aerodynamics engineer and automobile maker, co-founder of the brand "DB (d. 1980)
• 1912 – Wayne Barlow, American organist, composer, and director (d. 1996)
• 1913 – Julie Gibson, American actress and singer
• 1913 – Leonidas, Brazilian footballer (d. 2004)
• 1915 – Ed Oliver, American golfer (d. 1961)
• 1915 – Franz Josef Strauss, German lieutenant and politician, Minister President of Bavaria (d. 1988
• 1917 – John Berry, American-French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1999)
• 1917 – George Mann, English cricketer (d. 2001)
• 1917 – Philipp von Boeselager, German soldier and economist (d. 2008)
• 1919 – Wilson Greatbatch, American engineer and philanthropist (d. 2011)
• 1920 – Elvira Pagã, Brazilian actress, singer, and author (d. 2003)
• 1921 – Carmen Laforet, Spanish author (d. 2004)
• 1921 – Norman Joseph Woodland, American inventor, co-created the bar code (d. 2012)
• 1923 – Peter II of Yugoslavia (d. 1970)
• 1924 – John Melcher, American veterinarian and politician
• 1925 – Andrea Camilleri, Italian author, screenwriter, and director
• 1925 – Jimmy Reed, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1976)
• 1926 – Prince Claus of the Netherlands (d. 2002)
• 1926 – Jack English Hightower, American lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
• 1926 – Arthur Oldham, English composer and conductor (d. 2003)
• 1926 – Maurice Prather, American photographer and director (d. 2001)
• 1928 – Fumihiko Maki, Japanese architect and academic, designed the Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium and Makuhari Messe
• 1928 – Robert M. Pirsig, American novelist and philosopher
• 1928 – Yevgeny Svetlanov, Russian conductor and composer (d. 2002)
• 1928 – Sid Watkins, English neurosurgeon and academic (d. 2012)
• 1929 – Yash Johar, Indian film producer, founded Dharma Productions (d. 2005)
• 1929 – Ljubov Rebane, Estonian physicist and mathematician (d. 1991)
• 1930 – Charles Foley, American game designer, co-created Twister (d. 2013)
• 1930 – Helmut Piirimäe, Estonian historian and academic
• 1931 – Bud Shrake, American journalist, author, and screenwriter (d. 2009)
• 1932 – Colin McColl, English intelligence officer
• 1932 – Gilles Tremblay, Canadian composer and educator
• 1932 – Bernie Winters, English comedian and actor (d. 1991)
• 1935 – Isabelle Collin Dufresne, French-American actress and author (d. 2014)
• 1935 – Jock Wallace, Jr, Scottish footballer and coach (d. 1996)
• 1937 – Sergio Aragonés, Spanish-Mexican author and illustrator
• 1937 – Janusz Kurczab, Polish fencer and mountaineer (d. 2015)
• 1937 – Jo Anne Worley, American actress, comedian, and singer
• 1938 – Joan Tower, American pianist, composer, and conductor
• 1939 – Brigid Berlin, American actress, painter, and photographer
• 1939 – Errol Black, Canadian academic and politician (d. 2012)
• 1939 – David Allan Coe, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1939 – Dan Cragg, American soldier and author
• 1939 – Susumu Tonegawa, Japanese biologist and immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1940 – John M. Hayes, scientist emeritus at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 1940 – Elizabeth Murray, American painter and illustrator (d. 2007)
• 1940 – Jackie Trent, English-Spanish singer-songwriter and actress (d. 2015)
• 1941 – Roger Law, English illustrator
• 1941 – Monica Mason, South African ballerina and director
• 1942 – Dave Bargeron, American trombonist and tuba player
• 1942 – Richard Hutton, English cricketer
• 1942 – Mel McDaniel, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2011)
• 1942 – Carol Wayne, American actress (d. 1985)
• 1943 – Gordon Birtwistle, English engineer and politician
• 1943 – Richard J. Roberts, English biochemist and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1943 – Roger Waters, English singer-songwriter and bass player
• 1944 – Donna Haraway, American author, academic, and activist
• 1944 – Swoosie Kurtz, American actress
• 1945 – Larry Lucchino, American businessman
• 1945 – Go Nagai, Japanese illustrator
• 1946 – Roger Knight, English cricketer and educator
• 1947 – Jane Curtin, American actress and comedian
• 1947 – Bruce Rioch, English footballer and manager
• 1947 – Jacob Rubinovitz, Polish-Israeli engineer and academic
• 1947 – Sylvester, American disco/R&B singer-songwriter (d. 1988)
• 1948 – Claydes Charles Smith, American guitarist (d. 2006)
• 1949 – Iris Robinson, Northern Irish politician
• 1951 – Melih Kibar, Turkish composer (d. 2005)
• 1952 – Simon Burns, English politician, Minister of State for Transport
• 1952 – Vladimir Kazachyonok, Russian footballer, coach, and manager
• 1952 – Buddy Miller, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1952 – Deyan Sudjic, English journalist and curator
• 1954 – Carly Fiorina, American businesswoman and activist
• 1954 – Demetris Kizas, Cypriot footballer
• 1954 – Ève Luquet, French engraver and designer
• 1954 – Patrick O'Hearn, American bassist and composer
• 1954 – John Sauven, English economist and environmentalist
• 1955 – Raymond Benson, American author and playwright
• 1956 – Bill Ritter, American lawyer and politician, 41st Governor of Colorado
• 1956 – Steven Yearley, English sociologist and academic
• 1957 – Ali Divandari, Iranian painter, sculptor, and journalist
• 1957 – Michaëlle Jean, Haitian-Canadian journalist and politician, 27th Governor-General of Canada
• 1957 – José Sócrates, Portuguese engineer and politician, 119th Prime Minister of Portugal
• 1958 – Buster Bloodvessel, English singer-songwriter
• 1958 – Jeff Foxworthy, American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1958 – Nigel Westlake, Australian composer and conductor
• 1958 – Michael Winslow, American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1959 – Bill Root, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1961 – Simon Reeve, Australian journalist and game show host
• 1961 – Scott Travis, American drummer
• 1961 – Paul Waaktaar-Savoy, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1962 – Chris Christie, American lawyer and politician, 55th Governor of New Jersey
• 1962 – Marina Kaljurand, Estonian badminton player and diplomat, Estonia Ambassador to Russia
• 1962 – Elizabeth Vargas, American journalist
• 1962 – Kevin Willis, American basketball player and fashion designer
• 1963 – Mark Chesnutt, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1963 – Skye Gyngell, Australian chef and author
• 1963 – Pat Nevin, Scottish footballer and sportscaster
• 1963 – Alice Sebold, American author
• 1963 – Bryan Simonaire, American engineer and politician
• 1963 – Geert Wilders, Dutch lawyer and politician
• 1964 – Rosie Perez, American actress, dancer, and director
• 1965 – Terry Bickers, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1965 – Darren Clark, Australian sprinter
• 1965 – Christopher Nolan, Irish author and poet (d. 2009)
• 1965 – Van Tiffin, American football player
• 1967 – William DuVall, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1967 – Macy Gray, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
• 1967 – Kalli Kalde, Estonian painter and illustrator
• 1967 – Igor Štimac, Croatian footballer and manager
• 1968 – Saeed Anwar, Pakistani cricketer
• 1968 – Christopher Brookmyre, Scottish author
• 1968 – Paul Rea, American journalist
• 1969 – Tony DiTerlizzi, American author and illustrator
• 1969 – Ben Finegold, American chess player and educator
• 1969 – Michellie Jones, Australian-American triathlete
• 1969 – CeCe Peniston, American R&B singer-songwriter
• 1970 – Cheyne Coates, Australian singer-songwriter and producer
• 1970 – Emily Maitlis, Canadian-English journalist
• 1971 – Devang Gandhi, Indian cricketer
• 1971 – Asko Künnap, Estonian poet and illustrator
• 1971 – Dolores O'Riordan, Irish singer-songwriter
• 1972 – Dylan Bruno, American actor
• 1972 – Idris Elba, English actor
• 1972 – Saulius Mikalajūnas, Lithuanian footballer
• 1972 – Anika Noni Rose, American actress and singer
• 1973 – Carlo Cudicini, Italian footballer
• 1973 – Greg Rusedski, English tennis player and sportscaster
• 1973 – Alessandro Troncon, Italian rugby player and coach
• 1974 – Tim Henman, English tennis player and sportscaster
• 1974 – Nina Persson, Swedish singer-songwriter
• 1975 – Derrek Lee, American baseball player and coach
• 1976 – Rodrigo Amarante, Brazilian singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1976 – Jon Ander López, Spanish footballer (d. 2013)
• 1976 – Tom Pappas, American decathlete and coach
• 1978 – Cisco Adler, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1978 – Alex Escobar, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1978 – Mathew Horne, English actor and screenwriter
• 1978 – Homare Sawa, Japanese footballer
• 1979 – Mike Arnaoutis, Greek boxer
• 1979 – Foxy Brown, American rapper
• 1979 – Massimo Maccarone, Italian footballer
• 1979 – Carlos Adrián Morales, Mexican footballer
• 1980 – Kerry Katona, English singer and actress
• 1980 – Samuel Peter, Nigerian boxer
• 1980 – Joseph Yobo, Nigerian footballer
• 1981 – Yuki Abe, Japanese footballer
• 1981 – Yumiko Cheng, Hong Kong singer and actress
• 1981 – Andrew Richardson, Jamaican cricketer
• 1981 – Mark Teahen, American baseball player
• 1982 – Paul Mullen, English musician, multi-instrumentalist & singer-songwriter
• 1983 – Dimitri Champion, French cyclist
• 1983 – Braun Strowman, American wrestler and strongman
• 1984 – Helena Ekholm, Swedish skier
• 1984 – William Porterfield, Northern Irish cricketer
• 1987 – Ramiele Malubay, Saudi Arabian-American singer
• 1987 – Emir Preldžić, Turkish basketball player
• 1988 – Ray Fujita, French-Japanese actor and singer
• 1988 – Max George, English singer-songwriter and actor
• 1988 – Denis Tonucci, Italian footballer
• 1989 – Nikos Boutzikos, Greek footballer
• 1990 – Matt McAndrew, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1990 – John Wall, American basketball player
• 1992 – Young Tonumaipea, Samoan rugby league player
• 1993 – Mattia Valoti, Italian footballer

Deaths[edit]

• 394 – Eugenius, Roman usurper
• 957 – Liudolf, Duke of Swabia (b. 930)
• 926 – Emperor Taizu of Liao (b. 872)
• 972 – Pope John XIII (b. 930)
• 1276 – Vicedomino de Vicedominis, Italian cardinal (b. 1210)
• 1431 – Demetrios Laskaris Leontares, Byzantine admiral and diplomat
• 1511 – Ashikaga Yoshizumi, Japanese shogun (b. 1481)
• 1625 – Thomas Dempster, Scottish historian and scholar (b. 1579)
• 1635 – Metius, Dutch mathematician and astronomer (b. 1571)
• 1649 – Robert Dudley, English geographer and explorer (b. 1574)
• 1683 – Jean-Baptiste Colbert, French economist and politician, French Controller-General of Finances (b. 1619)
• 1708 – Sir John Morden, 1st Baronet, English merchant and philanthropist, founded Morden College (b. 1623)
• 1724 – Jonathan Singletary Dunham, American settler (b. 1640)
• 1748 – Edmund Gibson, English bishop and scholar (b. 1669)
• 1783 – Bertinazzi, Italian actor and author (b. 1710)
• 1808 – Louis-Pierre Anquetil, French historian and author (b. 1723)
• 1868 – Pierre Adolphe Rost, American lawyer, judge, and politician (b. 1797)
• 1885 – Narcís Monturiol i Estarriol, Spanish engineer, designed the Ictineo I and Ictineo II (b. 1819)
• 1891 – Charles Jamrach, German-English businessman (b. 1815)
• 1902 – Frederick Abel, English chemist and engineer (b. 1827)
• 1907 – Sully Prudhomme, French poet and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1839)
• 1919 – Lord Charles Beresford, English admiral and politician (b. 1846)
• 1938 – John Stuart Hindmarsh, English race car driver and pilot (b. 1907)
• 1939 – Arthur Rackham, English illustrator (b. 1867)
• 1945 – John S. McCain Sr., American admiral (b. 1884)
• 1949 – Walter Widdop, English tenor and actor (b. 1892)
• 1950 – Olaf Stapledon, English philosopher and author (b. 1886)
• 1951 – James W. Gerard, American lawyer and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Germany (b. 1867)
• 1952 – Gertrude Lawrence, English actress, singer, and dancer (b. 1898)
• 1956 – Witold Hurewicz, Polish mathematician (b. 1904)
• 1956 – Lee Jung-seob, North Korean painter (b. 1916)
• 1959 – Edmund Gwenn, English actor (b. 1877)
• 1959 – Kay Kendall, English actress and comedian (b. 1927)
• 1962 – Hanns Eisler, German-Austrian composer (b. 1898)
• 1962 – Seiichiro Kashio, Japanese tennis player (b. 1892)
• 1966 – Margaret Sanger, American nurse, educator, and activist (b. 1879)
• 1966 – Hendrik Verwoerd, Dutch-South African journalist and politician, 7th Prime Minister of South Africa (b. 1901)
• 1969 – Arthur Friedenreich, Brazilian footballer (b. 1892)
• 1972 – Perpetrator and victims of the Munich massacre
  • Luttif Afif, Palestinian terrorist (b. 1945)
  • David Mark Berger, American-Israeli weightlifter (b. 1944)
  • Ze'ev Friedman, Polish-Israeli weightlifter (b. 1944)
  • Yossef Gutfreund, Israeli wrestling judge (b. 1931)
  • Eliezer Halfin, Russian-Israeli wrestler (b. 1948)
  • Amitzur Shapira, Russian-Israeli runner and coach (b. 1932)
  • Kehat Shorr, Romanian shooting coach (b. 1919)
  • Mark Slavin, Israeli wrestler (b. 1954)
  • Andre Spitzer, Romanian-Israeli fencer and coach (b. 1945)
  • Yakov Springer, Polish-Israeli wrestler and coach (b. 1921)
• 1972 – Allauddin Khan, Indian sarod player and composer (b. 1862)
• 1974 – Olga Baclanova, Russian-Swiss actress, singer, and ballerina (b. 1896)
• 1978 – Max Decugis, French tennis player (b. 1882)
• 1978 – Tom Wilson, American record producer (b. 1931)
• 1979 – Ronald Binge, English organist and composer (b. 1910)
• 1982 – Azra Erhat, Turkish archaeologist, author, and academic (b. 1915)
• 1984 – Ernest Tubb, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1914)
• 1985 – Franco Ferrara, Italian conductor and composer (b. 1911)
• 1986 – Blanche Sweet, American actress (b. 1896)
• 1987 – Quinn Martin, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1922)
• 1988 – Leroy Brown, American wrestler (b. 1950)
• 1988 – Bill Northam, Australian sailor and businessman (b. 1905)
• 1990 – Tom Fogerty, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Creedence Clearwater Revival and Ruby) (b. 1941)
• 1990 – Len Hutton, English cricketer and soldier (b. 1916)
• 1991 – Bob Goldham, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster (b. 1922)
• 1992 – Henry Ephron, American playwright, screenwriter, and producer (b. 1912)
• 1994 – James Clavell, Australian-American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1924)
• 1994 – Nicky Hopkins, English pianist (b. 1944)
• 1994 – Max Kaminsky, American trumpet player and bandleader (b. 1908)
• 1997 – P. H. Newby, English author and broadcaster (b. 1918)
• 1998 – Ernst-Hugo Järegård, Swedish actor (b. 1928)
• 1998 – Akira Kurosawa, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1910)
• 1998 – Ric Segreto, American-Filipino singer-songwriter, actor, and journalist (b. 1952)
• 1999 – Lagumot Harris, Nauruan politician, 3rd President of Nauru (b. 1938)
• 1999 – René Lecavalier, Canadian sportscaster (b. 1918)
• 2005 – Hasan Abidi, Pakistani journalist and poet (b. 1929)
• 2005 – Eugenia Charles, Dominican lawyer and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Dominica (b. 1919)
• 2007 – Madeleine L'Engle, American author and poet (b. 1918)
• 2007 – Luciano Pavarotti, Italian tenor (b. 1935)
• 2008 – Sören Nordin, Swedish harness racer and trainer (b. 1917)
• 2008 – Anita Page, American actress (b. 1910)
• 2009 – Catherine Gaskin, Irish-Australian author (b. 1929)
• 2010 – Boris Chetkov, Russian painter (b. 1926)
• 2010 – Clive Donner, English director and editor (b. 1926)
• 2011 – Michael S. Hart, American author, founded Project Gutenberg (b. 1947)
• 2012 – Elisabeth Böhm, German architect (b. 1921)
• 2012 – Lawrie Dring, Scottish scout leader, founded World Federation of Independent Scouts (b. 1931)
• 2012 – Jerome Kilty, American actor and playwright (b. 1922)
• 2012 – Art Modell, American businessman (b. 1925)
• 2012 – Oscar Rossi, Argentinian footballer and manager (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Ann C. Crispin, American author (b. 1950)
• 2013 – Khin Maung Kyi, Burmese economist and scholar (b. 1926)
• 2013 – Santiago Rosario, Puerto Rican-American baseball player and coach (b. 1939)
• 2014 – Odd Bondevik, Norwegian bishop and theologian (b. 1941)
• 2014 – Cirilo Flores, American bishop (b. 1948)
• 2014 – Seth Martin, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1933)
• 2014 – Kira Zvorykina, Belarusian chess player and educator (b. 1919)
• 2015 – Ralph Milne, Scottish footballer (b. 1961)
• 2015 – Martin Milner, American actor (b. 1931)
• 2015 – Barney Schultz, American baseball player and coach (b. 1926)
• 2015 – Calvin J. Spann, American general and pilot (b. 1924)

Ίλυα Λιβυκού 
1919 – 2002

[edit]

• 70 – A Roman army under Titus occupies and plunders Jerusalem.
• 878 – Louis the Stammerer is crowned as king of West Francia by Pope John VIII.
• 1159 – Pope Alexander III is chosen.
• 1191 – Third Crusade: Battle of Arsuf – Richard I of England defeats Saladin at Arsuf.
• 1228 – Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II lands in Acre, Palestine and starts the Sixth Crusade, which results in a peaceful restoration of the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
• 1303 – Guillaume de Nogaret takes Pope Boniface VIII prisoner on behalf of Philip IV of France.
• 1571 – Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, is arrested for his role in the Ridolfi plot to assassinate Queen Elizabeth I of England and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots.
• 1652 – Around 15,000 Han farmers and militia rebel against Dutch rule on Taiwan.
• 1695 – Henry Every perpetrates one of the most profitable pirate raids in history with the capture of the Grand Mughal ship Ganj-i-Sawai. In response, Emperor Aurangzeb threatens to end all English trading in India.
• 1706 – War of the Spanish Succession: Siege of Turin ends, leading to the withdrawal of French forces from North Italy.
• 1764 – Election of Stanisław August Poniatowski as the last ruler of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
• 1776 – According to American colonial reports, Ezra Lee makes the world's first submarine attack in the Turtle, attempting to attach a time bomb to the hull of HMS Eagle in New York Harbor (no British records of this attack exist).
• 1778 – American Revolutionary War: France invades Dominica in the British West Indies, before Britain is even aware of France's involvement in the war.
• 1812 – French invasion of Russia: The Battle of Borodino, the bloodiest battle of the Napoleonic Wars, was fought near Moscow and resulted in a French victory.
• 1818 – Carl III of Sweden–Norway is crowned king of Norway, in Trondheim.
• 1822 – Dom Pedro I declares Brazil independent from Portugal on the shores of the Ipiranga Brook in São Paulo.
• 1857 – Mountain Meadows massacre: Mormon settlers slaughter most members of peaceful, emigrant wagon train.
• 1860 – Italian unification: Giuseppe Garibaldi enters Naples.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Atlanta is evacuated on orders of Union General William Tecumseh Sherman.
• 1873 – Emilio Castelar y Ripoll becomes President of the First Spanish Republic.
• 1876 – In Northfield, Minnesota, Jesse James and the James–Younger Gang attempt to rob the town's bank but are driven off by armed citizens.
• 1893 – The Genoa Cricket & Athletic Club, to become one of the oldest Italian football clubs, is established by British expats.
• 1895 – The first game of what would become known as rugby league football is played, in England, starting the 1895–96 Northern Rugby Football Union season.
• 1896- The first successful heart surgery was conducted on this day by Ludwig Rehn
• 1901 – The Boxer Rebellion in Qing dynasty China officially ends with the signing of the Boxer Protocol.
• 1906 – Alberto Santos-Dumont flies his 14-bis aircraft at Bagatelle, France for the first time successfully.
• 1907 – Cunard Line's RMS Lusitania sets sail on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England, to New York City.
• 1909 – Eugène Lefebvre crashes a new French-built Wright biplane during a test flight at Juvisy, south of Paris, becoming the first aviator in the world to lose his life in a powered heavier-than-air craft.
• 1911 – French poet Guillaume Apollinaire is arrested and put in jail on suspicion of stealing the Mona Lisa from the Louvre museum.
• 1916 – US federal employees win the right to Workers' compensation by Federal Employers Liability Act (39 Stat. 742; 5 U.S.C. 751)
• 1920 – Two newly purchased Savoia flying boats crash in the Swiss Alps en route to Finland where they would serve with the Finnish Air Force, killing both crews.
• 1921 – In Atlantic City, New Jersey, the first Miss America Pageant, a two-day event, is held.
• 1921 – The Legion of Mary, the largest apostolic organization of lay people in the Catholic Church, is founded in Dublin, Ireland.
• 1922 – The Bank of Latvia established.
• 1927 – The first fully electronic television system is achieved by Philo Farnsworth.
• 1929 – Steamer Kuru capsizes and sinks on Lake Näsijärvi near Tampere in Finland. 136 lives are lost.
• 1932 – The Battle of Boquerón, the first major battle of the Chaco War, commences.
• 1936 – The last thylacine, a carnivorous marsupial named Benjamin, dies alone in its cage at the Hobart Zoo in Tasmania.
• 1940 – Treaty of Craiova: Romania loses Southern Dobruja to Bulgaria.
• 1940 – World War II: The German Luftwaffe begins the Blitz, bombing London and other British cities for over 50 consecutive nights.
• 1942 – First flight of the Consolidated B-32 Dominator.
• 1942 – World War II: Australian and US forces inflict a significant defeat upon the Japanese at the Battle of Milne Bay.
• 1943 – A fire at the Gulf Hotel in Houston, kills 55 people.
• 1943 – World War II: The German 17th Army begins its evacuation of the Kuban bridgehead (Taman Peninsula) in southern Russia and moves across the Strait of Kerch to the Crimea.
• 1945 – Japanese forces on Wake Island, which they had held since December of 1941, surrender to U.S. Marines.
• 1945 – The Berlin Victory Parade of 1945 is held.
• 1953 – Nikita Khrushchev is elected first secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
• 1953 – Mohammed Daoud Khan becomes Premier of Afghanistan.
• 1953 – Garfield Todd becomes Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia.
• 1961 – João Goulart becomes President of Brazil.
• 1963 – The Pro Football Hall of Fame opens in Canton, Ohio with 17 charter members.
• 1965 – During an Indo-Pakistani War, China announces that it will reinforce its troops on the Indian border.
• 1965 – Vietnam War: In a follow-up to August's Operation Starlight, United States Marines and South Vietnamese forces initiate Operation Piranha on the Batangan Peninsula.
• 1970 – Fighting between Arab guerrillas and government forces in Amman, Jordan.
• 1970 – Bill Shoemaker sets record for most lifetime wins as a jockey (passing Johnny Longden).
• 1977 – The Torrijos–Carter Treaties between Panama and the United States on the status of the Panama Canal are signed. The United States agrees to transfer control of the canal to Panama at the end of the 20th century.
• 1977 – The 300-metre-tall CKVR-DT transmission tower in Barrie, Ontario, Canada, is hit by a light aircraft in a fog, causing it to collapse. All aboard the aircraft are killed.
• 1978 – While walking across Waterloo Bridge in London, Bulgarian dissident Georgi Markov is assassinated by Bulgarian secret police agent Francesco Giullino by means of a ricin pellet fired from a specially-designed umbrella.
• 1979 – The Chrysler Corporation asks the United States government for US$1.5 billion to avoid bankruptcy.
• 1986 – Desmond Tutu becomes the first black man to lead the Anglican Church in South Africa.
• 1986 – General Augusto Pinochet, president of Chile, escapes attempted assassination.
• 1988 – Abdul Ahad Mohmand, the first Afghan in space, returns aboard the Soviet spacecraft Soyuz TM-5 after 9 days on the Mir space station.
• 1999 – A 5.9 magnitude earthquake rocks Athens, rupturing a previously unknown fault, killing 143, injuring more than 500, and leaving 50,000 people homeless.
• 2004 – Hurricane Ivan, a Category 5 hurricane hits Grenada, killing 39 and damaging 90% of its buildings.
• 2005 – Egypt holds its first-ever multi-party presidential election.
• 2008 – The US Government takes control of the two largest mortgage financing companies in the US, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
• 2010 – A Chinese fishing trawler collided with two Japanese Coast Guard patrol boats in disputed waters near the Senkaku Islands.
• 2011 – A plane crash in Russia kills 43 people, including nearly the entire roster of the Lokomotiv Yaroslavl Kontinental Hockey League team.
• 2012 – A series of earthquakes in Yunnan, China, kills 89 people and injures 800 others.
• 2012 – Canada officially cuts diplomatic ties with Iran by closing its embassy in Tehran and ordered the expulsion of Iranian diplomats from Ottawa, over nuclear plans and alleged rights abuses.

Births[edit]

• 923 – Emperor Suzaku of Japan (d. 952)
• 1438 – Louis II, Landgrave of Lower Hesse (d. 1471)
• 1388 – Gian Maria Visconti, Italian son of Gian Galeazzo Visconti (d. 1412)
• 1524 – Thomas Erastus, Swiss physician and theologian (d. 1583)
• 1533 – Elizabeth I of England (d. 1603)
• 1641 – Tokugawa Ietsuna, Japanese shogun (d. 1680)
• 1683 – Maria Anna of Austria (d. 1754)
• 1694 – Johan Ludvig Holstein-Ledreborg, Danish politician, Danish Minister of State (d. 1763)
• 1705 – Matthäus Günther, German painter (d. 1788)
• 1707 – Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, French mathematician, cosmologist, and author (d. 1788)
• 1726 – François-André Danican Philidor, French chess player and composer (d. 1795)
• 1740 – Johan Tobias Sergel, Swedish sculptor and illustrator (d. 1814)
• 1777 – Heinrich Stölzel, German horn player and composer (d. 1844)
• 1791 – Giuseppe Gioachino Belli Italian poet and author (d. 1863)
• 1795 – John William Polidori, English physician and author (d. 1821)
• 1801 – Hortense Allart, Italian-French author (d. 1879)
• 1801 – Sarel Cilliers, South African preacher and activist (d.1871)
• 1807 – Henry Sewell, English lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1879)
• 1810 – Hermann Heinrich Gossen, Prussian economist and academic (d. 1858)
• 1811 – Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern (d. 1885)
• 1813 – Emil Korytko Polish activist and translator (d. 1839)
• 1815 – John McDouall Stuart, Scottish explorer and surveyor (d. 1866)
• 1817 – Louise of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1898)
• 1818 – Thomas Talbot, American businessman and politician, 31st Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1886)
• 1819 – Thomas A. Hendricks, American lawyer and politician, 21st Vice President of the United States (d. 1885)
• 1829 – August Kekulé, German chemist and academic (d. 1896)
• 1831 – Alexandre Falguière, French sculptor and painter (d. 1900)
• 1836 – Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Scottish merchant and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1908)
• 1836 – August Toepler, German physicist and academic (d. 1912)
• 1842 – Johannes Zukertort, Polish-English chess player, linguist, and journalist (d. 1888)
• 1851 – Edward Asahel Birge, American zoologist and academic (d. 1950)
• 1855 – William Friese-Greene, English photographer, director, and cinematographer (d. 1921)
• 1860 – Grandma Moses, American painter (d. 1961)
• 1862 – Edgar Speyer, American-English financier and philanthropist (d. 1932)
• 1866 – Tristan Bernard, French author and playwright (d. 1947)
• 1867 – Albert Bassermann, German-Swiss actor (d. 1952)
• 1867 – J. P. Morgan, Jr., American banker and philanthropist (d. 1943)
• 1869 – Ben Viljoen, South African general (d. 1917)
• 1870 – Aleksandr Kuprin, Russian pilot, explorer, and author (d. 1938)
• 1871 – George Hirst, English cricketer and coach (d. 1954)
• 1875 – Edward Francis Hutton, American businessman and financier, co-founded E. F. Hutton & Co. (d. 1962)
• 1876 – Francesco Buhagiar, Maltese politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Malta (d. 1934)
• 1876 – C. J. Dennis, Australian poet and author (d. 1938)
• 1877 – Mike O'Neill, Irish-American baseball player and manager (d. 1959)
• 1883 – Theophrastos Sakellaridis, Greek composer and conductor (d. 1950)
• 1885 – Elinor Wylie, American author and poet (d. 1928)
• 1887 – Edith Sitwell, English poet and critic (d. 1964)
• 1892 – Eric Harrison, Australian soldier and politician, 27th Australian Minister for Defence (d. 1974)
• 1892 – Oscar O'Brien, Canadian priest, pianist, and composer (d. 1958)
• 1893 – Leslie Hore-Belisha, 1st Baron Hore-Belisha, English politician, Secretary of State for War (d. 1957)
• 1894 – Vic Richardson, Australian cricketer, footballer, and sportscaster (d. 1969)
• 1894 – George Waggner, American actor, director, and producer (d. 1984)
• 1895 – Jacques Vaché, French author and poet (d. 1919)
• 1900 – Taylor Caldwell, English-American author (d. 1985)
• 1900 – Giuseppe Zangara, Italian-American assassin of Anton Cermak (d. 1933)
• 1903 – Margaret Landon, American missionary and author (d. 1993)
• 1903 – Dorothy Marie Donnelly, American poet and author (d. 1994)
• 1904 – C.B. Colby, American author (d. 1977)
• 1907 – Ahmed Adnan Saygun, Turkish composer and musicologist (d. 1991)
• 1908 – Paul Brown, American football player and coach (d. 1991)
• 1908 – Michael E. DeBakey, American surgeon and educator (d. 2008)
• 1908 – Max Kaminsky, American trumpet player and bandleader (Original Dixieland Jass Band) (d. 1994)
• 1909 – Elia Kazan, Greek-American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2003)
• 1911 – Todor Zhivkov, Bulgarian police officer and politician, Head of State of Bulgaria (d. 1998)
• 1912 – David Packard, American engineer and businessman, co-founded Hewlett-Packard (d. 1996)
• 1913 – Martin Charteris, Baron Charteris of Amisfield, English soldier and courtier (d. 1999)
• 1913 – Anthony Quayle, English actor and director (d. 1989)
• 1914 – Lída Baarová, Czech-Austrian actress (d. 2000)
• 1914 – Graeme Bell, Australian pianist and composer (d. 2012)
• 1914 – James Van Allen, American physicist and philosopher (d. 2006)
• 1915 – Pedro Reginaldo Lira, Argentinian bishop (d. 2012)
• 1915 – Kiyoshi Itō, Japanese mathematician and academic (d. 2008)
• 1917 – Leonard Cheshire, English captain, pilot, and humanitarian (d. 1992)
• 1917 – John Cornforth, Australian-English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2013)
• 1917 – Jacob Lawrence, American painter and educator (d. 2000)
• 1917 – Ewen Solon, New Zealand-English actor (d. 1985)
• 1919 – Briek Schotte, Belgian cyclist and coach (d. 2004)
• 1920 – Al Caiola, American guitarist and composer
• 1920 – Harri Webb, Welsh journalist and poet (d. 1994)
• 1921 – Peter A. Peyser, American soldier and politician (d. 2014)
• 1922 – Lucien Jarraud, French-Canadian journalist and radio host (d. 2007)
• 1923 – Nancy Keesing, Australian author and poet (d. 1993)
• 1923 – Peter Lawford, English-American actor and singer (d. 1984)
• 1923 – Louise Suggs, American golfer, co-founded LPGA (d. 2015)
• 1924 – Daniel Inouye, American captain and politician, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2012)
• 1924 – Leonard Rosenman, American composer and conductor (d. 2008)
• 1925 – Laura Ashley, Welsh-English fashion designer, founded Laura Ashley plc (d. 1985)
• 1925 – Allan Blakeney, Canadian lawyer and politician, 10th Premier of Saskatchewan (d. 2011)
• 1925 – Bhanumathi Ramakrishna, Indian actress, singer, director, and producer (d. 2005)
• 1926 – Ronnie Gilbert, American singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
• 1926 – Samuel Goldwyn, Jr., American director and producer (d. 2015)
• 1926 – Donald J. Irwin, American lawyer and politician, 32nd Mayor of Norwalk (d. 2013)
• 1926 – Patrick Jenkin, Baron Jenkin of Roding, English lawyer and politician, Secretary of State for the Environment
• 1926 – Erich Juskowiak, German footballer (d. 1983)
• 1926 – Don Messick, American voice actor and singer (d. 1997)
• 1927 – Eric Hill, English-American author and illustrator (d. 2014)
• 1927 – Claire L'Heureux-Dubé, Canadian lawyer and jurist
• 1928 – Kathleen Gorham, Australian ballerina (d. 1983)
• 1930 – Baudouin of Belgium (d. 1993)
• 1930 – Sonny Rollins, American saxophonist and composer
• 1930 – S. Sivanayagam, Sri Lankan journalist and author (d. 2010)
• 1931 – Charles Camilleri, Maltese composer and conductor (d. 2009)
• 1931 – Josep Lluís Núñez, Spanish businessman
• 1932 – Malcolm Bradbury, English author and academic (d. 2000)
• 1932 – John Paul Getty, Jr., American-English philanthropist and book collector (d. 2003)
• 1934 – Mary Bauermeister, German painter and illustrator
• 1934 – Meir Brandsdorfer, Belgian-Israeli rabbi (d. 2009)
• 1934 – Waldo de los Ríos, Argentinian composer and conductor (d. 1977)
• 1934 – Sunil Gangopadhyay, Indian author and poet (d. 2012)
• 1934 – Omar Karami, Lebanese lawyer and politician, 58th Prime Minister of Lebanon (d. 2015)
• 1934 – Little Milton, American singer and guitarist (d. 2005)
• 1935 – Abdou Diouf, Senegalese lawyer and politician, 2nd President of Senegal
• 1935 – Ronnie Dove, American singer-songwriter
• 1935 – Dick O'Neal, American basketball player and dentist (d. 2013)
• 1936 – Brian Hart, English race car driver and engineer, founded Brian Hart Ltd. (d. 2014)
• 1936 – Buddy Holly, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1959)
• 1936 – Apostolos Kaklamanis, Greek lawyer and politician, Greek Minister of Justice
• 1937 – Cüneyt Arkın, Turkish actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1937 – John Phillip Law, American actor (d. 2008)
• 1937 – Oleg Lobov, Russian politician, Premier of the Russian SFSR
• 1937 – Olly Wilson, American pianist, bassist, and composer
• 1939 – Latimore, American singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1939 – Peter Gill, Welsh actor, director, and playwright
• 1940 – Dario Argento, Italian director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1940 – Abdurrahman Wahid, Indonesian journalist and politician, 4th President of Indonesia (d. 2009)
• 1942 – Billy Best, Scottish footballer
• 1942 – Alan Oakes, English footballer and manager
• 1942 – Andrew Stone, Baron Stone of Blackheath, English businessman and politician
• 1942 – Jonathan H. Turner, American sociologist
• 1943 – Beverley McLachlin, Canadian lawyer and jurist, 17th Chief Justice of Canada
• 1944 – Forrest Blue, American football player (d. 2011)
• 1944 – Bertel Haarder, Danish lawyer and politician, Education Minister of Denmark
• 1944 – Peter Larter, English rugby player
• 1944 – Earl Manigault, American basketball player and coach (d. 1998)
• 1944 – Bora Milutinović, Serbian footballer and manager
• 1944 – Houshang Moradi Kermani, Iranian author
• 1945 – Jacques Lemaire, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1945 – Vic Pollard, English-New Zealand rugby player and footballer
• 1945 – Curtis Price, American musicologist and academic
• 1945 – Peter Storey, English footballer
• 1946 – Willie Crawford, American baseball player (d. 2004)
• 1946 – Joe Klein, American journalist and author
• 1946 – Suzyn Waldman, American sportscaster
• 1948 – Susan Blakely, American actress
• 1949 – Gloria Gaynor, American singer-songwriter
• 1949 – Dianne Hayter, German-English politician
• 1949 – Barry Siegel, American journalist and academic
• 1950 – David Cannadine, English historian and author
• 1950 – Johann Friedrich, German-Australian engineer (d. 1991)
• 1950 – Julie Kavner, American actress
• 1950 – Peggy Noonan, American author, journalist, speechwriter, and pundit
• 1951 – Gerald Corbett, English businessman
• 1951 – Chrissie Hynde, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Pretenders)
• 1951 – Mark Isham, American trumpet player and composer
• 1951 – Mark McCumber, American golfer
• 1952 – Ricardo Tormo, Spanish motorcycle racer (d. 1998)
• 1953 – Michael Byron, American composer
• 1953 – Marc Hunter, New Zealand singer-songwriter (Dragon) (d. 1998)
• 1953 – Benmont Tench, American keyboard player
• 1954 – Corbin Bernsen, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1954 – Michael Emerson, American actor
• 1955 – Mira Furlan, Croatian-American actress
• 1955 – Heino Puuste, Estonian javelin thrower and coach
• 1955 – Efim Zelmanov, Russian mathematician and academic
• 1956 – Michael Feinstein, American singer and pianist
• 1956 – Byron Stevenson, Welsh footballer (d. 2007)
• 1956 – Diane Warren, American songwriter
• 1957 – Jermaine Stewart, American singer-songwriter and dancer (d. 1997)
• 1960 – Brad Houser, American bass player
• 1960 – Phillip Rhee, American actor, martial artist, director, and producer
• 1960 – Andrew Voss, Australian sportscaster and author
• 1961 – LeRoi Moore, American saxophonist and songwriter (d. 2008)
• 1961 – Jean-Yves Thibaudet, French pianist
• 1962 – Jennifer Egan, American novelist and short story writer
• 1962 – Hasan Vezir, Turkish footballer and manager
• 1963 – Eazy-E, American rapper and producer (d. 1995)
• 1963 – Brent Liles, American bass player (d. 2007)
• 1964 – Andy Hug, Swiss martial artist and kick-boxer (d. 2000)
• 1964 – Helir-Valdor Seeder, Estonian politician
• 1965 – Angela Gheorghiu, Romanian soprano
• 1965 – Darko Pančev, Macedonian footballer
• 1965 – Uta Pippig, German runner
• 1965 – Andreas Thom, German footballer and manager
• 1966 – Chris Acland, English drummer (d. 1996)
• 1966 – Vladimir Andreyev, Russian race walker
• 1966 – Shobna Gulati, English actress and dancer
• 1966 – Lutz Heilmann, German politician
• 1966 – Toby Jones, English actor
• 1966 – Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann, German speed skater
• 1967 – Alok Sharma, Indian-English accountant and politician
• 1968 – Marcel Desailly, Ghanaian-French footballer
• 1968 – Gennadi Krasnitski, Russian figure skater and coach
• 1969 – Darren Bragg, American baseball player and coach
• 1969 – Rudy Galindo, American figure skater
• 1970 – Gino Odjick, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1970 – Tom Everett Scott, American actor
• 1971 – Shane Mosley, American boxer and trainer
• 1971 – Briana Scurry, American soccer player and sportscaster
• 1972 – Slug, American rapper
• 1972 – Jason Isringhausen, American baseball player and coach
• 1973 – Thomas T. Dahl, Norwegian guitarist and composer
• 1973 – Shannon Elizabeth, American model and actress
• 1973 – Alex Kurtzman, American director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1974 – Mario Frick, Swiss-Liechtensteiner footballer
• 1974 – Antonio McDyess, American basketball player
• 1975 – Norifumi Abe, Japanese motorcycle racer (d. 2007)
• 1975 – Harold Wallace, Costa Rican footballer and manager
• 1976 – Wavell Hinds, Jamaican cricketer
• 1977 – Molly Holly, American wrestler and trainer
• 1977 – Jon Macken, English-Irish footballer
• 1978 – Matt Cooke, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1978 – Erwin Koen, Dutch footballer
• 1978 – Ersin Güreler, Turkish footballer
• 1979 – Nathan Hindmarsh, Australian rugby league player and sportscaster
• 1979 – Paul Mara, American ice hockey player
• 1979 – Owen Pallett, Canadian singer-songwriter and keyboard player
• 1979 – Brian Stokes, American baseball player
• 1979 – Kozue Yoshizumi, Japanese voice actress
• 1980 – Emre Belözoğlu, Turkish footballer
• 1980 – Sara Carrigan, Australian cyclist
• 1980 – Serhiy Chopyk, Ukrainian footballer
• 1980 – Gabriel Milito, Argentinian footballer
• 1980 – Javad Nekounam, Iranian footballer
• 1980 – Mark Prior, American baseball player
• 1981 – Gökhan Zan, Turkish footballer
• 1982 – Andre Dirrell, American boxer
• 1982 – George Bailey, Australian cricketer
• 1983 – Philip Deignan, Irish cyclist
• 1983 – Annette Dytrt, German figure skater
• 1983 – Pops Mensah-Bonsu, English-American basketball player
• 1983 – Mehmet Topuz, Turkish footballer
• 1983 – Piri Weepu, New Zealand rugby player
• 1984 – Ben Hollingsworth, Canadian actor
• 1984 – Farveez Maharoof, Sri Lankan cricketer
• 1984 – Vera Zvonareva, Russian tennis player
• 1985 – Adam Eckersley, English footballer
• 1985 – Rafinha, Brazilian footballer
• 1986 – Charlie Daniels, English footballer
• 1986 – Colin Delaney, American wrestler
• 1987 – Tommy Elphick, English footballer
• 1987 – Sammy Moore, English footballer
• 1987 – Danny North, English footballer
• 1987 – Evan Rachel Wood, American actress and singer
• 1987 – Aleksandra Wozniak, Canadian tennis player
• 1988 – Alex Harvey, Canadian skier
• 1988 – Kevin Love, American basketball player
• 1989 – Abdelrahman El-Trabely, Egyptian wrestler (d. 2013)
• 1991 – Dale Finucane, Australian rugby league player
• 1991 – Amar Garibović, Serbian skier (d. 2010)
• 1995 – George Williams, Welsh footballer