7 αστέρια Michelin σε 5 αθηναϊκά εστιατόρια 

Ο Όμιλος Michelin ανακοίνωσε σήμερα στην έκδοση του

 οδηγού Main Cities of Europe 2016 τους μεγάλους νικητές 

στο χώρο της γαστρονομίας και της εστίασης. 

Αλλαγές όσων αφορά στους νικητές της Αθήνας, δεν υπάρχουν.
Δυο αστέρια απέσπασαν το «Funky Gourmet» και η «Σπονδή» και 

από ένα αστέρι για το «Botrini’s», τη «Ηytra» και το «Varoulko». 

• Funky Gourmet -2 αστέρια

Στη σύγχρονης αισθητικής γαστρονομική έδρα της Γεωργιάννας Χιλιαδάκη και του

 Νίκου Ρούσσου το δείπνο είναι ένα έντεχνα ενορχηστρωμένο τελετουργικό γεμάτο

 εκπλήξεις και εναλλαγές. Άλλοτε εννοιολογική (conceptual ), άλλοτε

 αφοπλιστικά αφαιρετική, με την ατόφια γοητεία των υλικών, η μαγειρική τους

 καλλιτεχνία μαγνητίζει βλέμμα και γευστικούς κάλυκες με ένα σερί από

 καλοζυγισμένες πιρουέτες δημιουργικότητας και τεχνικής. Το εστιατόριο

 διακρίνεται και με Βραβείο Ελληνικής Κουζίνας, αλλά και αυτό των

 «Χρυσών Σκούφων». 

Το Funky Gourmet άνοιξε για πρώτη φορά τις πόρτες του στο κοινό τον

 Νοέμβριο του 2009, σε μια μικρή μονοκατοικία στον Κεραμεικό, με βασικό του

 στόχο να δημιουργήσει γεύσεις funky και gourmet, υψηλής γαστρονομίας που

 όμως, εξιτάρουν τον ουρανίσκο και αλληλεπιδρούν με τον επισκέπτη.

Παραμυθιάς 13 και Σαλαμίνος, Κεραμεικός, Κέντρο -Tηλέφωνο 21 0524 2727

• Σπονδή -2 αστέρια

Το καλύτερο γαλλικό ρεστοράν της Ελλάδας. Ο Αγγελος Λάντος διαπρέπει με μια

 κουζίνα που συνδυάζει κλασικά και μοντέρνα στοιχεία, εκφράζοντας το σύγχρονο

 πνεύμα με το οποίο εξελίσσεται σήμερα η γαλλική γαστρονομία. Δυνατό χαρτί 

τα εξαιρετικά γλυκά, τα οποία αποτελούν από μόνα τους λόγο επίσκεψης. 

Το γαστρονομικό ρεπερτόριο του εστιατορίου ξεδιπλώνεται σε δύο διαφορετικές 

σάλες το χειμώνα και σε μια εκτεινόμενη σε διαφορετικά επίπεδα, κομψή αυλή

 τα βράδια του καλοκαιριού. 

Αθήνα Πύρρωνος 5, Παγκράτι, 2107520658, 2107564021

• Botrini’s -1 αστέρι

Ευρηματικοί συνδυασμοί υλικών και υψηλές επιδόσεις από τον Έκτορα Μποτρίνι,

 ο οποίος δημιουργεί μια δυναμική, νεωτερική κουζίνα, πολύ προσωπική και

 σοφιστικέ, με ελληνικές αλλά και διεθνείς μαγειρικές τεχνικές. Το εστιατόριο 

διακρίνεται και με Βραβείο Ελληνικής Κουζίνας. 

Αθήνα Βασ. Γεωργίου Β΄ 24Β, Χαλάνδρι, 2106857324

• Hytra -1 αστέρι

Το εστιατόριο “Hytra”, το όνομα του οποίου προέρχεται από το αρχαιοελληνικό 

πήλινο αγγείο, αρχικά άνοιξε το 2004 στου Ψυρρή, μια από τις παλαιότερες

 συνοικίες της Αθήνας, στο ιστορικό κέντρο της πόλης. Το 1012 το εστιατόριο 

μεταφέρθηκε στον 6ο όροφο της Στέγης Γραμμάτων & Τεχνών, στη Λεωφόρο

 Συγγρού, και επανασχεδιάστηκε πρόσφατα από το βραβευμένο αρχιτεκτονικό

 γραφείο Divercity. Τους ζεστούς μήνες του χρόνου το εστιατόριο μεταφέρεται 

στον 7ο όροφο του κτιρίου, προσφέροντας ένα μοναδικό υπαίθριο σκηνικό με

 πανοραμική θέα της Ακρόπολης, του λόφου του Λυκαβηττού και του ορίζοντα

 της πόλης.

Οσον αφορά τη γαστρονομική του ταυτότητα, αυτή έχει χτιστεί με βάση την

 προσέγγιση και τον επαναπροσδιορισμό της πλούσιας πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς

 της ελληνικής γαστρονομίας, δίνοντας μια σύγχρονη έκφραση στην εκτέλεση

 και την παρουσίαση των πιάτων.

Αθήνα Στέγη Γραμμάτων και Τεχνών, ­Λεωφ. Συγγρού 107-109, Νέος Κόσμος,

 2177071118, 2103316767

Βαρούλκο -1 αστέρι

Το  πρώτο Βαρούλκο γεννήθηκε το 1987 στην οδό Διστόμου, στον Πειραιά. Και

 μαζί του γεννήθηκε η κουζίνα του Λευτέρη Λαζάρου, μια μαγειρευτή θαλασσινή 

κουζίνα που εμφανιζόταν για πρώτη φορά σε μενού γαστρονομικού εστιατορίου

 στην Ελλάδα. Το Βαρούλκο έκτοτε μετακόμισε δύο φορές. Την πρώτη στην οδό

 Δεληγιώργη και τη δεύτερη, πριν δέκα χρόνια, στην Πειραιώς, στο κέντρο της

 Αθήνας. Ο Λαζάρου, αν και μακριά από την αγαπημένη του θάλασσα, συνέχισε 

να δημιουργεί και να κατακτά την καρδιά του κοινού και τις διακρίσεις. Βέβαια η 

σημαντικότερη διάκριση στον διεθνή χώρο της γαστρονομίας είχε ήδη έρθει από 

το 2002, όταν κατέκτησε το αστέρι Michelin -το πρώτο που δόθηκε ποτέ σε

 εστιατόριο με ελληνική κουζίνα- το οποίο και διατηρεί.

Ώσπου πριν λίγα χρόνια μήνες το Βαρούλκο επέστρεψε στις παλιές του γειτονιές. 

Το νέο Βαρούλκο Seaside έριξε άγκυρα στην πανέμορφη μαρίνα του Μικρολίμανου, 

σε έναν κομψό χώρο δίπλα στη θάλασσα. Εκεί λειτουργεί πλέον χειμώνα-καλοκαίρι,

 μεσημέρι και βράδυ, φέρνοντας μια νέα πρόταση.

Ακτή Κουμουνδούρου 52, Τηλέφωνο: 21 0522 8400

Κατά τη φετινή βράβευση επικράτησαν 20 διαφορετικές χώρες.
Κορυφαία εστιατόρια όλων, με 3 αστέρια, το «Αlain Ducasse au Plaza Athénée»

 στο Παρίσι, το «Geranium» στην Κοπεγχάγη, το «Μaaemo» στο Όσλο και το «Τhe

 Table Kevin Fehling» στο Αμβούργο. 

Αlain Ducasse au Plaza Athénée

Στο σύνολο 15 εστιατόρια απέσπασαν 2 αστέρια και 48 ανα το κόσμο απο 1. 

Οι συνήθεις Ελληνες ύποπτοι βραβεύτηκαν και στα Bib Gourmands. Το

 βραβείο απέσπασαν τα εστιατόρια «Aθήρι» και «Οικείο». 

Πλωτές εξοχικές κατοικίες στο Ντουμπάι με υποβρύχιους κήπους -Κοστίζουν 1,6 εκατ. 

Το νέο συγκρότημα 42 εξοχικών πλωτών κατοικιών θα είναι έτοιμο μέσα στο 2016, 

και βρίσκεται στο αρχιπέλαγος The World με τα τεχνητά νησιά.

Τα νησιά σχηματίζουν τον παγκόσμιο χάρτη αν τα κοιτάξεις από ψηλά, γι'αυτό 

και έχουν πάρει αυτό το όνομα: The world. Εδώ όμως το θέμα μας είναι οι 

πλωτές κατοικίες, που ονομάζονται Floating Seahorse (=Αλογάκι της θάλασσας)

 και αυτόν τον καιρό κατασκευάζονται από την εταιρεία Kleindienst.

Πρόκειται για ένα συγκρότημα που αποτελείται από 42 ανεξάρτητες τριώροφες

 κατοικίες, οι οποίες είναι κάτι ανάμεσα σε πολυτελείς επαύλεις και σε πλοία χωρίς

 προπέλα, σύμφωνα με τους κατασκευαστές. Το πάνω μέρος τους δηλαδή είναι πάνω 

από τη στάθμη της θάλασσας και το άλλο μισό κάτω από αυτήν. Ηδη οι κατοικίες 

αυτές έχουν βγει στην αγορά και η κατασκευή τους αναμένεται να ολοκληρωθεί

 μέχρι το τέλος του 2016. 

Η διαρρύθμιση και η επίπλωση πάντως είναι ό,τι καλύτερο για διακοπές. Στον πάνω

 όροφο εκτείνεται μεγάλο ντεκ, για ηλιοθεραπεία και για βραδινά πάρτι. Το

 ντεκ είναι διακοσμημένο με σεζλόνγκ, εξωτερικό ντους, μικρή κουζίνα και τζακούζι

 με διάφανο πάτο που βγάζει στο σαλόνι, το οποίο βρίσκεται ακριβώς από κάτω.

 Αυτός ο διάφανος πάτος του τζακούζι λειτουργεί και σαν γυάλινη οροφή για 

το living room, που επιτρέπει στο φως του ήλιου να φωτίζει όλη μέρα το δωμάτιο. 

Στο ίδιο επίπεδο με το σαλόνι εκτείνεται μια εντυπωσιακή βεράντα η οποία

 βρίσκεται και στο ίδιο ύψος με το νερό. Αυτή η βεράντα προορίζεται για τα 

επίσημα δείπνα και γι'αυτό διαθέτει μια πλήρως εξοπλισμένη κουζίνα. Το

 πιο εντυπωσιακό δωμάτιο όμως είναι το... υπόγειο. Πρόκειται για την ευρύχωρη

 κρεβατοκάμαρα η οποία βλέπει μέσα στη θάλασσα. Γύρω γύρω δηλαδή, έχει

 διάφανα τοιχώματα με θέα στον υποβρύχιο κήπο 46 τμ με τα εντυπωσιακά

ψάρια και τα πανέμορφα κοράλλια. 

Η κάθε κατοικία έχει βάρος περίπου 180 τόνους και διαθέτει από δύο έως τρία

υπνοδωμάτια και δύο μπάνια. Και παρότι οι κατασκευές είναι πλωτές, οι

 κατοικίες παραμένουν σταθερές σε ένα σημείο, μέσα στο νερό - ακουμπάνε

 στον βυθό. 

Η κατασκευάστρια εταιρεία αναφέρει πως για τη μελέτη των κατοικιών αυτών

 δαπανήθηκαν 5.000 ώρες και πως για τον σχεδιασμό και τη μηχανική 

υποστήριξή τους δαπανήθηκαν 13.000 ώρες. Στο πρότζεκτ απασχολήθηκαν 

συνολικά 200 εργαζόμενοι. 

Ζωολογικός Κήπος Θεσσαλονίκης: "Πνεύμονας"πρασίνου  

Τις χαμένες δόξες του βιώνει μέρα με τη μέρα ο Ζωολογικός Κήπος της Θεσσαλονίκης στην περιοχή του Αγίου Παύλου, καθώς όλο και περισσότεροι Θεσσαλονικείς αλλά και επισκέπτες της πόλης τον επισκέπτονται.

Ο Ζωολογικός Κήπος της πόλης μετά και την απομάκρυνση των καφέ αρκούδων, ατραξιόν του πάρκου και την μεταφορά τους στο πάρκο του ΑΡΚΤΟΥΡΟΥ στο Νυμφαίο Φλώρινας τον Ιούνιο του 2015 τείνει να μετατραπεί σε ένα πάρκο οικόσιτων ζώων.

Όπως θα διαπιστώσει κανείς,  ο Ζωολογικός Κήπος Θεσσαλονίκης αποτελεί την κατάλληλη επιλογή για ένα... διάλειμμα μέσα σε έναν «πνεύμονα» πρασίνου στην καρδιά της Θεσσαλονίκης.

Μικροί και μεγάλοι έχουν την ευκαιρία να περιηγηθούν στο πάρκο, να δουν από κοντά δεκάδες είδη πτηνών, αρνιά, κατσίκια, ζαρκάδια, ελάφια, πάπιες, χήνες, κότες και άλλα είδη.

Σε διάφορα σημεία του Ζωολογικού Κήπου Θεσσαλονίκης υπάρχουν ξύλινα τραπέζια και καθίσματα κατάλληλα για πικ νικ και για ξεκούραση.

Σημειώνεται ότι ο Ζωολογικός Κήπος Θεσσαλονίκης λειτουργεί καθημερινά από το πρωί έως τις 4,30 μμ

[edit]

• 241 BC – First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands: The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing the First Punic War to an end.
• 298 – Roman Emperor Maximian concludes his campaign in North Africa against the Berbers, and makes a triumphal entry into Carthage.
• 1607 – Susenyos I defeats the combined armies of Yaqob and Abuna Petros II at the Battle of Gol in Gojjam, making him Emperor of Ethiopia.
• 1629 – Charles I of England dissolves Parliament, beginning the eleven-year period known as the Personal Rule.
• 1735 – An agreement between Nader Shah and Russia is signed near Ganja, Azerbaijan and Russian troops are withdrawn from Baku.
• 1762 – French Huguenot Jean Calas, who had been wrongly convicted of killing his son, dies after being tortured by authorities; the event inspired Voltaire to begin a campaign for religious tolerance and legal reform.
• 1804 – Louisiana Purchase: In St. Louis, Missouri, a formal ceremony is conducted to transfer ownership of the Louisiana Territory from France to the United States.
• 1814 – Napoleon I of France is defeated at the Battle of Laon in France.
• 1816 – Crossing of the Andes: A group of royalist scouts is captured during the Action of Juncalito.
• 1830 – The Royal Netherlands East Indies Army is created.
• 1848 – The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is ratified by the United States Senate, ending the Mexican–American War.
• 1861 – El Hadj Umar Tall seizes the city of Ségou, destroying the Bamana Empire of Mali.
• 1876 – Alexander Graham Bell makes the first successful telephone call by saying "Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you."
• 1891 – Almon Strowger, an undertaker in Topeka, Kansas, patents the Strowger switch, a device which led to the automation of telephone circuit switching.
• 1906 – The Courrières mine disaster, Europe's worst ever, kills 1099 miners in Northern France.
• 1909 – By signing the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909, Thailand relinquishes its sovereignty over the Malay states of Kedah, Kelantan, Perlis and Terengganu, which become British protectorates.
• 1915 – The Battle of Neuve Chapelle begins. This is the first large-scale operation by the British Army in WWI.
• 1917 – Some provinces and cities in the Philippines are incorporated due to the ratification of Act No. 2711 or the Administrative Code of the Philippines.
• 1922 – Mahatma Gandhi is arrested in India, tried for sedition, and sentenced to six years in prison, only to be released after nearly two years for an appendicitis operation.
• 1933 – An earthquake in Long Beach, California kills 115 people and causes an estimated $40 million in damage.
• 1944 – Greek Civil War: The Political Committee of National Liberation is established in Greece by the National Liberation Front.
• 1945 – The U.S. Army Air Force firebombs Tokyo, and the resulting conflagration kills more than 100,000 people, mostly civilians.
• 1952 – Fulgencio Batista leads a successful coup in Cuba and appoints himself as the "provisional president".
• 1959 – Tibetan uprising: Fearing an abduction attempt by China, 300,000 Tibetans surround the Dalai Lama's palace to prevent his removal.
• 1966 – Military Prime Minister of South Vietnam Nguyễn Cao Kỳ sacked rival General Nguyễn Chánh Thi, precipitating large-scale civil and military dissension in parts of the nation.
• 1968 – Vietnam War: Battle of Lima Site 85, concluding the 11th with largest single ground combat loss of United States Air Force members (12) during that war.
• 1969 – In Memphis, Tennessee, James Earl Ray pleads guilty to assassinating Martin Luther King, Jr. He later unsuccessfully attempts to retract his plea.
• 1970 – Vietnam War: Captain Ernest Medina is charged by the U.S. military with My Lai war crimes.
• 1975 – Vietnam War: Ho Chi Minh Campaign: North Vietnamese troops attack Ban Mê Thuột in the South on their way to capturing Saigon in the final push for victory over South Vietnam.
• 1977 – Rings of Uranus: Astronomers discover rings around Uranus.
• 1980 – Madeira School headmistress Jean Harris shoots and kills Scarsdale diet doctor Herman Tarnower
• 1980 – Formation of the Irish Army Ranger Wing.
• 1990 – In Haiti, Prosper Avril is ousted 18 months after seizing power in a coup.
• 2000 – The Nasdaq Composite stock market index peaks at 5132.52, signaling the beginning of the end of the dot-com boom.
• 2005 – Tung Chee-hwa resigns from his post as the first Chief Executive of Hong Kong after widespread public dissatisfaction of his tenure.
• 2006 – The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter arrives at Mars.

Births[edit]

• 852 – Qian Liu, Chinese warlord and king (d. 932)
• 1415 – Vasily II of Moscow (d. 1462)
• 1452 – Ferdinand II of Aragon (d. 1516)
• 1503 – Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1564)
• 1536 – Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, English politician, Earl Marshal of the United Kingdom (d. 1572)
• 1628 – Marcello Malpighi, Italian physician and biologist (d. 1694)
• 1709 – Georg Wilhelm Steller, German botanist, zoologist, physician, and explorer (d. 1746)
• 1745 – John Gunby, American general (d. 1807)
• 1749 – Lorenzo Da Ponte, Italian-American priest and poet (d. 1838)
• 1769 – Joseph Williamson, English businessman and philanthropist (d. 1840)
• 1772 – Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel, German poet and critic (d. 1829)
• 1776 – Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1810)
• 1787 – Francisco de Paula Martínez de la Rosa y Berdejo, Spanish playwright and politician, Prime Minister of Spain (d. 1862)
• 1787 – William Etty, English painter and academic (d. 1849)
• 1788 – Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff, German author and poet (d. 1857)
• 1810 – Samuel Ferguson, Irish poet and lawyer (d. 1886)
• 1839 – Dudley Buck, American organist and composer (d. 1909)
• 1844 – Pablo de Sarasate, Spanish violinist and composer (d. 1908)
• 1845 – Alexander III of Russia (d. 1894)
• 1846 – Edward Baker Lincoln, American son of Abraham Lincoln (d. 1850)
• 1847 – Kate Sheppard, English-New Zealand activist (d. 1934)
• 1848 – William Thompson, American archer (d. 1918)
• 1850 – Spencer Gore, English tennis player and cricketer (d. 1906)
• 1852 – Léon Moreaux, French target shooter (d. 1921)
• 1853 – Thomas Mackenzie, Scottish-New Zealand cartographer and politician, 18th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1930)
• 1867 – Hector Guimard, French-American architect, designed the La Bluette (d. 1942)
• 1867 – Lillian Wald, pioneering nurse, founder of the Henry Street Settlement in New York (d. 1940)
• 1870 – David Riazanov, Russian theorist and politician (d. 1938)
• 1875 – Alexander Goldenweiser, Russian pianist, composer, and educator (d. 1961)
• 1876 – Ernst Tandefelt, Finnish assassin of Heikki Ritavuori (d. 1948)
• 1877 – Émile Sarrade, French rugby player and tug of war competitor (d. 1953)
• 1881 – Thomas Quinlan, English businessman (d. 1951)
• 1885 – Tamara Karsavina, Russian ballerina (d. 1978)
• 1888 – Baldwin Cooke, American actor (d. 1953)
• 1888 – Barry Fitzgerald, Irish actor and singer (d. 1961)
• 1889 – Toshitsugu Takamatsu, Japanese martial artist and educator (d. 1972)
• 1891 – Sam Jaffe, American actor and engineer (d. 1984)
• 1892 – Arthur Honegger, French-Swiss composer and educator (d. 1955)
• 1892 – Gregory La Cava, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1952)
• 1897 – Robert Meier, German soldier (d. 2007)
• 1900 – Pandelis Pouliopoulos, Greek lawyer and politician (d. 1943)
• 1903 – Bix Beiderbecke, American cornetist, pianist and composer (d. 1931)
• 1903 – Clare Boothe Luce, American playwright, journalist, activist, and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Italy (d. 1987)
• 1905 – Richard Haydn, English-American actor and director (d. 1985)
• 1906 – Lionel Bertrand, Canadian journalist and politician (d. 1979)
• 1908 – Kristjan Palusalu, Estonian wrestler, trainer, and referee (d. 1987)
• 1909 – Eric Wennström, Swedish hurdler (d. 1990)
• 1911 – Warner Anderson, American actor (d. 1976)
• 1914 – K. P. Ratnam, Sri Lankan academic and politician (d. 2010)
• 1915 – Harry Bertoia, Italian-American sculptor and furniture designer (d. 1978)
• 1915 – Charles Groves, English conductor and director (d. 1992)
• 1916 – Davie Fulton, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (d. 2000)
• 1917 – C. Balasingham, Sri Lankan lawyer and civil servant (d. 2001)
• 1917 – Frank Perconte, American soldier (d. 2013)
• 1918 – Günther Rall, German general and pilot (d. 2009)
• 1919 – Marion Hutton, American singer (d. 1987)
• 1920 – Alfred Peet, Dutch-American businessman, founded Peet's Coffee & Tea (d. 2007)
• 1920 – Boris Vian, French author and playwright (d. 1959)
• 1922 – Kiyoshi Yamashita, Japanese painter (d. 1971)
• 1923 – Manoranjan Das, Indian playwright (d. 2013)
• 1923 – Val Logsdon Fitch, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015)
• 1925 – Manolis Anagnostakis, Greek poet and critic (d. 2005)
• 1925 – Bob Lanier, American lawyer, banker, and politician, 58th Mayor of Houston (d. 2014)
• 1926 – Marques Haynes, American basketball player (Harlem Globetrotters) (d. 2015)
• 1926 – Jimmy Payne, English footballer (d. 2013)
• 1926 – Oscar Quitak, English actor
• 1927 – Claude Laydu, Belgian-French actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2011)
• 1927 – Barbara Marx Sinatra, American socialite and businesswoman
• 1928 – Sara Montiel, Spanish actress and singer (d. 2013)
• 1928 – James Earl Ray, American assassin of Martin Luther King, Jr. (d. 1998)
• 1929 – Arthur Barnard, American hurdler
• 1929 – Huey P. Meaux, American record producer, founded Tear Drop Records and Capri Records (d. 2011)
• 1929 – Sam Steiger, American journalist and politician (d. 2012)
• 1930 – Sándor Iharos, Hungarian runner (d. 1996)
• 1931 – Georges Dor, Canadian author, playwright, and composer (d. 2001)
• 1932 – Marcia Falkender, Baroness Falkender, English politician
• 1932 – Udupi Ramachandra Rao, Indian physicist and engineer
• 1933 – Ralph Emery, American radio and television host
• 1933 – Elizabeth Azcona Cranwell, Argentinian poet and translator (d. 2004)
• 1934 – Gergely Kulcsár, Hungarian javelin thrower and coach
• 1934 – Fou Ts'ong, Chinese-English pianist
• 1935 – Graham Farmer, Australian footballer and coach
• 1935 – Manfred Germar, German sprinter
• 1936 – Sepp Blatter, Swiss businessman
• 1936 – Johanna Lüttge, German shot putter and swimmer
• 1936 – Alfredo Zitarrosa, Uruguayan singer-songwriter and journalist (d. 1989)
• 1937 – Joe Viterelli, American actor (d. 2004)
• 1938 – Norman Blake, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1938 – Ieronymos II of Athens, Greek archbishop
• 1938 – Micole Mercurio, American actress (d. 2016)
• 1939 – Asghar Ali Engineer, Indian activist and author (d. 2013)
• 1939 – Hugh Johnson, English author and critic
• 1939 – Irina Press, Ukrainian-Russian hurdler and pentathlete (d. 2004)
• 1940 – Chuck Norris, American actor and martial artist
• 1940 – David Rabe, American playwright and screenwriter
• 1940 – Dean Torrence, American singer-songwriter (Jan & Dean)
• 1941 – Kazuo Tokumitsu, Japanese television host and announcer
• 1943 – Peter Berresford Ellis, British historian, literary biographer, and novelist
• 1943 – Sandra Palmer, American professional golfer
• 1945 – Katharine Houghton, American actress and playwright
• 1945 – Birgitta Sellén, Swedish educator and politician
• 1945 – Madhavrao Scindia, Indian politician, Indian Minister of Railways (d. 2001)
• 1946 – Hiroshi Fushida, Japanese race car driver
• 1946 – Mike Hollands, Australian animator and director, founded Act3animation
• 1946 – Jim Valvano, American basketball player and coach (d. 1993)
• 1947 – Kim Campbell, Canadian lawyer and politician, 19th Prime Minister of Canada
• 1947 – Paul Condon, Baron Condon, English police officer
• 1947 – Bob Greene, American journalist and author
• 1947 – June Keithley, Filipino actress and journalist (d. 2013)
• 1947 – Andrew Parrott, English conductor and director
• 1947 – Tom Scholz, American guitarist and songwriter (Boston)
• 1948 – Austin Carr, American basketball player and sportscaster
• 1948 – Richard Park, Scottish broadcaster
• 1949 – Bill Buxton, Canadian computer scientist and academic
• 1949 – Barbara Corcoran, American businesswoman
• 1950 – Hafiz Muhammad Saeed, Pakistani terrorist
• 1950 – Aloma Wright, American actress and singer
• 1951 – Gloria Diaz, Filipino model and actress, Miss Universe 1969
• 1952 – Johanna Lindsey, German-American author
• 1952 – Morgan Tsvangirai, Zimbabwean politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Zimbabwe
• 1953 – Debbie Brill, Canadian high jumper
• 1953 – Jacqueline Gareau, Canadian runner
• 1953 – Paul Haggis, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1954 – Didier Barbelivien, French singer-songwriter
• 1955 – Gary Louris, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Jayhawks and Golden Smog)
• 1955 – Toshio Suzuki, Japanese race car driver
• 1956 – Mitchell Lichtenstein, American actor, director, and producer
• 1956 – Robert Llewellyn, English actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1956 – Larry Myricks, American long jumper and sprinter
• 1957 – Osama bin Laden, Saudi Arabian terrorist, founded al-Qaeda (d. 2011)
• 1957 – Hilary Devey, English businesswoman and philanthropist
• 1957 – Terry Holmes, Welsh rugby player and coach
• 1957 – Matt Knudsen, American actor and screenwriter
• 1957 – Shannon Tweed, Canadian-American model and actress
• 1957 – Jim White, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1958 – Jeanie Bryson, American singer
• 1958 – Garth Crooks, English footballer and sportscaster
• 1958 – Steve Howe, American baseball player and farmer (d. 2006)
• 1958 – Domingo Ramón, Spanish runner
• 1958 – Sharon Stone, American actress and producer
• 1958 – Hiroshi Yanaka, Japanese voice actor
• 1960 – Lance Burton, American magician
• 1960 – Antonio Corgos, Spanish long jumper
• 1960 – Jörn-Uwe Fahrenkrog-Petersen, German-American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer (Nena)
• 1960 – Gail Greenwood, American bass player (Belly and L7)
• 1960 – Anne MacKenzie, Scottish journalist
• 1961 – Laurel Clark, American captain, physician, and astronaut (d. 2003)
• 1961 – Mitch Gaylord, American gymnast, actor, and stuntman
• 1961 – Pam Oliver, American sportscaster
• 1961 – Bobby Petrino, American football player and coach
• 1962 – Jasmine Guy, American actress, singer, and director
• 1962 – Seiko Matsuda, Japanese singer-songwriter and actress
• 1963 – Jeff Ament, American bass player and songwriter (Pearl Jam, Green River, and Mother Love Bone)
• 1963 – Felipe Ramos, Mexican footballer and referee
• 1963 – Rick Rubin, American record producer, founded Def Jam Recordings
• 1964 – Neneh Cherry, Swedish singer-songwriter
• 1964 – Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex
• 1964 – David Faber, American journalist
• 1964 – Jojo Lastimosa, Filipino basketball player and coach
• 1964 – Nikola Mladenov, Macedonian journalist (d. 2013)
• 1965 – Valdemaras Martinkėnas, Lithuanian footballer and manager (d. 2004)
• 1965 – Jillian Richardson, Canadian sprinter
• 1965 – Rod Woodson, American football player, coach, and sportscaster
• 1966 – Edie Brickell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Heavy Circles and Edie Brickell & New Bohemians)
• 1966 – Stephen Mailer, American actor
• 1966 – Mike Timlin, American baseball player
• 1966 – Andres Võsand, Estonian-German tennis player
• 1966 – Phil X, Canadian guitarist (Triumph)
• 1967 – Omer Tarin, Pakistani-English poet and scholar
• 1968 – Thio Li-ann, Singaporean lawyer and academic
• 1968 – Pavel Srníček, Czech footballer and coach (d. 2015)
• 1969 – Paget Brewster, American actress
• 1969 – Walter Schreifels, American singer-songwriter and producer (Gorilla Biscuits, Rival Schools and Youth of Today)
• 1970 – Matt Barlow, American singer-songwriter (Iced Earth and Pyramaze)
• 1970 – Michel van der Aa, Dutch composer and engineer
• 1971 – Steve Arnold, English race car driver
• 1971 – Jon Hamm, American actor and director
• 1971 – Daryle Singletary, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1972 – Beth Buchanan, Australian actress
• 1972 – Takashi Fujii, Japanese comedian and singer
• 1972 – Matt Kenseth, American race car driver
• 1972 – Timbaland, American rapper and producer (Timbaland & Magoo)
• 1973 – Jason Croker, Australian rugby league player
• 1973 – Eva Herzigová, Czech model and actress
• 1973 – John LeCompt, American guitarist (Evanescence, We Are the Fallen and Machina
• 1973 – Chris Sutton, English footballer and manager
• 1973 – Dan Swanö, Swedish guitarist (Edge of Sanity, Bloodbath, Ribspreader, and Nightingale)
• 1973 – Mauricio Taricco, Argentinian footballer and manager
• 1974 – Cristián de la Fuente, Chilean-American model, actor, and producer
• 1974 – Biz Stone, American businessman, co-founded Twitter
• 1975 – Jamie Arnold, American-Israeli basketball player and coach
• 1975 – Lyne Bessette, Canadian cyclist
• 1975 – Glydel Mercado, Filipino actress
• 1975 – Håvard Wiik, Norwegian pianist (Motif, Atomic)
• 1976 – Kisaki, Japanese bass player, songwriter, and producer (Dir En Grey, Phantasmagoria, and Anti Feminism)
• 1976 – Barbara Schett, Austrian tennis player and sportscaster
• 1977 – Jeff Branson, American actor
• 1977 – Peter Enckelman, Finnish footballer
• 1977 – Rita Simons, English actress and singer
• 1977 – Robin Thicke, American singer-songwriter
• 1977 – Bree Turner, American actress and dancer
• 1978 – Camille, French singer-songwriter and actress
• 1978 – Neil Alexander, Scottish footballer
• 1978 – Benjamin Burnley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Breaking Benjamin)
• 1979 – Ashley Callus, Australian swimmer
• 1979 – Masato, Japanese kick-boxer
• 1979 – Danny Pudi, American actor and comedian
• 1980 – Lars Horntveth, Norwegian saxophonist (Jaga Jazzist)
• 1981 – Samuel Eto'o, Cameroonian footballer
• 1981 – Efthimios Kouloucheris, Greek footballer
• 1981 – Ángel López, Spanish footballer
• 1981 – Taiyo Sugiura, Japanese actor
• 1981 – Gabriela Voleková, Slovak tennis player
• 1982 – Gervais Batota, Congolese footballer
• 1982 – Kwame Brown, American basketball player
• 1982 – Mitsuomi Takahashi, Japanese actor
• 1982 – Keke Wyatt, American singer and actress
• 1983 – Che'Nelle, Malaysian-Australian singer-songwriter
• 1983 – Sonim, Japanese singer and actress
• 1983 – Étienne Boulay, Canadian football player
• 1983 – Lashinda Demus, American hurdler
• 1983 – Aimee Walker Pond, American gymnast
• 1983 – Rafe Spall, English actor
• 1983 – Janet Mock, American writer and transgender activist
• 1983 – Carrie Underwood, American singer-songwriter and actress
• 1983 – Reena Virk, Canadian murder victim (d. 1997)
• 1984 – Nikos Arabatzis, Greek footballer
• 1984 – Ben May, English footballer
• 1984 – Olivia Wilde, American actress and producer
• 1985 – Lassana Diarra, French footballer
• 1985 – Casey Dienel, American singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1985 – Morgan Uceny, American runner
• 1986 – JC de Vera, Filipino actor
• 1987 – Martellus Bennett, American football player
• 1987 – Sita Chan, Hong Kong singer and actress (d. 2013)
• 1987 – Greg Eastwood, New Zealand rugby league player
• 1987 – Ebba Jungmark, Swedish high jumper
• 1987 – Tuukka Rask, Finnish ice hockey player
• 1987 – Emeli Sandé, English-Scottish singer-songwriter
• 1987 – Liu Shishi, Chinese actress and ballerina
• 1988 – Christian Beck, German footballer
• 1988 – Michael Dunlop, Northern Irish motorcycle racer
• 1988 – Josh Hoffman, Australian-New Zealand rugby league player
• 1988 – Ivan Rakitić, Croatian footballer
• 1989 – Dr Devious, Irish racehorse
• 1989 – Iván Piris, Paraguayan footballer
• 1991 – Bahaa al-Farra, Palestinian runner
• 1992 – Neeskens Kebano, French footballer
• 1992 – Emily Osment, American actress and singer-songwriter
• 1993 – Jack Butland, English footballer
• 1993 – Alfred Duncan, Ghanaian footballer
• 1993 – Nooa Takooa, Kiribati sprinter
• 1994 – JoJo Offerman, American wrestler and singer
• 1995 – Sergey Mozgov, Russian ice dancer
• 1995 – Yui Sakuma, Japanese model and actress
• 1997 – Julia Barretto, Filipino actress and singer
• 1997 – Belinda Bencic, Swiss tennis player

Deaths[edit]

• 483 – Pope Simplicius
• 1315 – Agnes Blannbekin, Austrian mystic and saint (b. 1244)
• 1391 – Tvrtko I of Bosnia (b. 1338)
• 1510 – Johann Geiler von Kaisersberg, Swiss priest and theologian (b. 1445)
• 1513 – John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, English commander and politician, Lord High Constable of England (b. 1443)
• 1584 – Thomas Norton, English lawyer and politician (b. 1532)
• 1585 – Rembert Dodoens, Flemish physician and botanist (b. 1517)
• 1588 – Theodor Zwinger, Swiss physician and scholar (b. 1533)
• 1670 – Johann Rudolf Glauber, German-Dutch chemist and engineer (b. 1604)
• 1724 – Urban Hjärne, Swedish chemist, geologist, and physician (b. 1641)
• 1776 – Élie Catherine Fréron, French author and critic (b. 1719)
• 1776 – Niclas Sahlgren, Swedish merchant and philanthropist (b. 1701)
• 1792 – John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, Scottish politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1713)
• 1823 – George Elphinstone, 1st Viscount Keith, Scottish admiral and politician (d. 1746)
• 1832 – Muzio Clementi, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1752)
• 1861 – Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet, playwright, and ethnographer (b. 1814)
• 1872 – Giuseppe Mazzini, Italian journalist and politician (b. 1805)
• 1898 – Marie-Eugénie de Jésus, French nun and saint, founded the Religious of the Assumption (b. 1817)
• 1895 – Charles Frederick Worth, English-French fashion designer, founded the House of Worth (b. 1826)
• 1897 – Savitribai Phule, Indian poet and activist (b. 1831)
• 1910 – Karl Lueger, Austrian lawyer and politician Mayor of Vienna (b. 1844)
• 1910 – Carl Reinecke, German pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1824)
• 1913 – Harriet Tubman, American nurse and activist (b. 1820)
• 1925 – Myer Prinstein, Polish-American jumper and lawyer (b. 1878)
• 1937 – Yevgeny Zamyatin, Russian journalist and author (b. 1884)
• 1940 – Mikhail Bulgakov, Russian author and playwright (b. 1891)
• 1948 – Zelda Fitzgerald, American author, poet, and dancer (b. 1900)
• 1948 – Jan Masaryk, Czech soldier and politician (b. 1886)
• 1949 – James Rector, American runner and lawyer (b. 1884)
• 1950 – Marguerite De La Motte, American actress (b. 1902)
• 1951 – Kijūrō Shidehara, Japanese lawyer and politician, 44th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1872)
• 1961 – Richard Indreko, Estonian historian and archeologist (b. 1900)
• 1965 – Archibald Frazer-Nash, English motor car designer, engineer and founder of Frazer Nash (b. 1889)
• 1966 – Frits Zernike, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888)
• 1967 – Yiorgos Batis, Greek bouzouki player and composer (b. 1885)
• 1970 – Vasilis Avlonitis, Greek actor (b. 1904)
• 1973 – Bull Connor, American politician (b. 1897)
• 1977 – E. Power Biggs, English-American organist and composer (b. 1906)
• 1978 – John Baker, English Air Chief Marshal in the Royal Air Force (b. 1897)
• 1982 – Minoru Shirota, Japanese physician and microbiologist, invented Yakult (b. 1899)
• 1984 – June Marlowe, American actress (b. 1903)
• 1985 – Konstantin Chernenko, Russian soldier and politician, 8th Head of State of The Soviet Union (b. 1911)
• 1985 – Bob Nieman, American baseball player and scout (b. 1927)
• 1986 – Ray Milland, Welsh-American actor (b. 1905)
• 1988 – Andy Gibb, English-Australian singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1958)
• 1989 – Kermit Beahan, American colonel and pilot (b. 1918)
• 1990 – Otto Schuhart, German captain (b. 1901)
• 1992 – Giorgos Zampetas, Greek bouzouki player and composer (b. 1925)
• 1993 – Dino Bravo, Italian-Canadian wrestler (b. 1949)
• 1996 – Ross Hunter, American actor and producer (b. 1920)
• 1997 – LaVern Baker, American singer and actress (b. 1929)
• 1998 – Lloyd Bridges, American actor (b. 1913)
• 1999 – Oswaldo Guayasamín, Ecuadorian painter and sculptor (b. 1919)
• 1999 – Valentino Mazzia, American physician and anesthesiologist (b. 1922)
• 2001 – Christie Jayaratnam Eliezer, Sri Lanka-Australian mathematician and academic (b. 1918)
• 2001 – Nicholas Georgiadis, Greek painter and costume designer (b. 1923)
• 2001 – Massimo Morsello, Italian singer-songwriter (b. 1958)
• 2001 – Mati Nuude, Estonian weightlifter and singer (Apelsin) (b. 1941)
• 2003 – Barry Sheene, English motorcycle racer and sportscaster (b. 1950)
• 2004 – Renos Apostolidis, Greek philologist, author, and critic (b. 1924)
• 2004 – Dave Schulthise, American bass player (The Dead Milkmen) (b. 1956)
• 2004 – Nasiba Zeynalova, Azerbaijani actress and People's Artist of Azerbaijan (b. 1916)
• 2005 – Dave Allen, Irish-English comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1936)
• 2005 – Danny Joe Brown, American singer-songwriter (Molly Hatchet and The Danny Joe Brown Band) (b. 1951)
• 2006 – Anna Moffo, American soprano and actress (b. 1932)
• 2007 – Richard Jeni, American comedian and actor (b. 1957)
• 2007 – Ernie Ladd, American football player and wrestler (b. 1938)
• 2008 – Richard Biegenwald, American serial killer (b. 1940)
• 2010 – Corey Haim, Canadian-American actor and producer (b. 1971)
• 2010 – Muhammad Sayyid Tantawy, Egyptian scholar and academic (b. 1928)
• 2011 – Bill Blackbeard, American author and illustrator (b. 1926)
• 2012 – Bert R. Bulkin, American engineer (b. 1929)
• 2012 – Jean Giraud, French author and illustrator (b. 1938)
• 2012 – Mykola Plaviuk, Ukrainian politician, President Ukrainian People's Republic in Exile (b. 1925)
• 2012 – Domna Samiou, Greek singer and musicologist (b. 1928)
• 2012 – Frank Sherwood Rowland, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1927)
• 2012 – Tan Boon Teik, Malaysian-Singaporean lawyer and politician, Attorney-General of Singapore (b. 1929)
• 2012 – Nick Zoricic Canadian skier (b. 1983)
• 2013 – Jim Anderson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Robert Chrisman, American poet, scholar, and critic, co-founded The Black Scholar (b. 1937)
• 2013 – Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland (b. 1915)
• 2013 – Antal Megyerdi, Hungarian cyclist (b. 1939)
• 2013 – Danny Zialcita, Filipino director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1940)
• 2013 – Metin Serezli, Turkish stage, movie, TV series and voice actor as well as theatre director (b. 1934)
• 2014 – Roldan Aquino, Filipino actor and director (b. 1948)
• 2014 – Samuel W. Lewis, American diplomat, United States Ambassador to Israel (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Cynthia Lynn, Latvian-born American actress (b. 1937)
• 2014 – Joe McGinniss, American journalist and author (b. 1942)
• 2014 – Rob Williams, American basketball player (b. 1961)
• 2015 – Richard Glatzer, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1952)
• 2015 – Tim Rucks, American football player and coach (b. 1960)
• 2015 – Claude Sitton, American journalist and academic (b. 1925)
• 2015 – Stuart Wagstaff, English-Australian actor (b. 1925)

[edit]

• 660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu.
• 55 – Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman emperorship, dies under mysterious circumstances in Rome. This clears the way for Nero to become Emperor.
• 244 – Emperor Gordian III is murdered by mutinous soldiers in Zaitha (Mesopotamia). A mound is raised at Carchemish in his memory.
• 1177 – John de Courcy's army defeats the native Dunleavey Clan in Ulster. The English establish themselves in Ulster.
• 1534 – Henry VIII of England is recognized as supreme head of the Church of England.
• 1626 – Emperor Susenyos I of Ethiopia and Patriarch Afonso Mendes declare the primacy of the Roman See over the Ethiopian Church, and Roman Catholicism the state religion of Ethiopia.
• 1659 – The assault on Copenhagen by Swedish forces is beaten back with heavy losses.
• 1790 – The Religious Society of Friends, also known as Quakers, petitions U.S. Congress for the abolition of slavery.
• 1794 – First session of United States Senate opens to the public.
• 1808 – Jesse Fell burns anthracite on an open grate as an experiment in heating homes with coal.
• 1812 – Massachusetts governor Elbridge Gerry "gerrymanders" for the first time.
• 1826 – University College London is founded under the name University of London.
• 1826 – Swaminarayan writes the Shikshapatri, an important text within Swaminarayan Hinduism.
• 1840 – Gaetano Donizetti's opera La fille du régiment receives its first performance in Paris, France.
• 1843 – Giuseppe Verdi's opera I Lombardi alla prima crociata receives its first performance in Milan, Italy.
• 1855 – Kassa Hailu is crowned Tewodros II, Emperor of Ethiopia, by Abuna Salama III in a ceremony at the church of Derasge Maryam
• 1856 – The Kingdom of Awadh is annexed by the British East India Company and Wajid Ali Shah, the king of Awadh, is imprisoned and later exiled to Calcutta.
• 1858 – Bernadette Soubirous's first vision of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Lourdes, France.
• 1861 – American Civil War: The United States House of Representatives unanimously passes a resolution guaranteeing noninterference with slavery in any state.
• 1873 – King Amadeo I of Spain abdicates.
• 1889 – Meiji Constitution of Japan is adopted; the first National Diet convenes in 1890.
• 1903 – Anton Bruckner's 9th Symphony receives its first performance in Vienna, Austria.
• 1906 – Pope Pius X publishes the encyclical Vehementer Nos.
• 1916 – Emma Goldman is arrested for lecturing on birth control.
• 1919 – Friedrich Ebert (SPD), is elected President of Germany.
• 1929 – Kingdom of Italy and the Vatican sign the Lateran Treaty.
• 1937 – A sit-down strike ends when General Motors recognizes the United Auto Workers.
• 1938 – BBC Television produces the world's first ever science fiction television program, an adaptation of a section of the Karel Čapek play R.U.R., that coined the term "robot".
• 1939 – A Lockheed P-38 Lightning flies from California to New York in 7 hours 2 minutes.
• 1942 –World War II: The Battle of Bukit Timah is fought in Singapore.
• 1943 – World War II: General Dwight D. Eisenhower is selected to command the allied armies in Europe.
• 1953 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower refuses a clemency appeal for Julius and Ethel Rosenberg.
• 1953 – The Soviet Union breaks off diplomatic relations with Israel.
• 1959 – The Federation of Arab Emirates of the South, which will later become South Yemen, is created as a protectorate of the United Kingdom.
• 1964 – Greeks and Turks begin fighting in Limassol, Cyprus.
• 1968 – Israeli–Jordanian border clashes rage.
• 1968 – The Memphis Sanitation strike begins.
• 1971 – Eighty-seven countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union, sign the Seabed Arms Control Treaty outlawing nuclear weapons on the ocean floor in international waters.
• 1973 – Vietnam War: First release of American prisoners of war from Vietnam takes place.
• 1978 – Censorship: China lifts a ban on works by Aristotle, William Shakespeare and Charles Dickens.
• 1979 – The Iranian Revolution establishes an Islamic theocracy under the leadership of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini.
• 1981 – Around 100,000 US gallons (380 m³) of radioactive coolant leak into the containment building of TVA Sequoyah 1 nuclear plant in Tennessee, contaminating eight workers.
• 1990 – Nelson Mandela is released from Victor Verster Prison outside Cape Town, South Africa after 27 years as a political prisoner.
• 1990 – Buster Douglas, a 42:1 underdog, knocks out Mike Tyson in ten rounds at Tokyo to win boxing's world Heavyweight title and cause the largest upset in sports history.
• 1997 – Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on a mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope.
• 2001 – A Dutch programmer launched the Anna Kournikova virus infecting millions of emails via a trick photo of the tennis star.
• 2008 – Rebel East Timorese soldiers seriously wound President José Ramos-Horta. Rebel leader Alfredo Reinado is killed in the attack.
• 2008 – Namdaemun, a 550-year-old gate in South Korea, was toppled by fire.
• 2011 – The first wave of the Egyptian revolution culminates in the resignation of Hosni Mubarak and the transfer of power to the Supreme Military Council after 18 days of protests.
• 2014 – A military transport plane crashes in a mountainous area of Oum El Bouaghi Province in eastern Algeria, killing 77 people.
• 2015 – A university student was murdered as she resisted an attempted rape in Turkey, sparking nationwide protests and public outcry against harassment and violence against women.
• 2016 – A man shoots six people dead at an education center in Jizan Province, Saudi Arabia.

Births[edit]

• 1380 – Poggio Bracciolini, Italian scholar and translator (d. 1459)
• 1466 – Elizabeth of York (d. 1503)
• 1535 – Pope Gregory XIV (d. 1591)
• 1568 – Honoré d'Urfé, French author and playwright (d. 1625)
• 1649 – William Carstares, Scottish minister and academic (d. 1715)
• 1657 – Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle, French poet and playwright (d. 1757)
• 1708 – Egidio Duni, Italian composer (d. 1775)
• 1755 – Albert Christoph Dies, German composer and painter (d. 1822)
• 1764 – Joseph Chénier, French poet and playwright (d. 1811)
• 1776 – Ioannis Kapodistrias, Greek politician, 1st Governor of Greece (d. 1831)
• 1796 – Giovanni Pacini, Italian composer and educator (d. 1867)
• 1799 – Basil Moreau, French priest, founded the Congregation of Holy Cross (d. 1873)
• 1800 – Henry Fox Talbot, English photographer and politician, invented the calotype (d. 1877)
• 1802 – Lydia Maria Child, American journalist, author, and activist (d. 1880)
• 1805 – Jean Baptiste Charbonneau, American explorer (d. 1866)
• 1812 – Alexander H. Stephens, American lawyer and politician, Vice President of the Confederate States of America (d. 1883)
• 1813 – Otto Ludwig, German author, playwright, and critic (d. 1865)
• 1821 – Auguste Mariette, French archaeologist and scholar (d. 1881)
• 1830 – Hans Bronsart von Schellendorff, Prussian pianist and composer (d. 1913)
• 1833 – Melville Fuller, American lawyer and jurist, 8th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1910)
• 1839 – Josiah Willard Gibbs, American physicist, mathematician, and academic (d. 1903)
• 1845 – Ahmet Tevfik Pasha, Ottoman soldier and politician, 272nd Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1936)
• 1847 – Thomas Edison, American engineer and businessman, developed the light bulb and phonograph (d. 1931)
• 1855 – Ellen Day Hale, American painter and author (d. 1940)
• 1860 – Rachilde, French author and playwright (d. 1953)
• 1869 – Helene Kröller-Müller, German-Dutch art collector and philanthropist, founded the Kröller-Müller Museum (d. 1939)
• 1869 – Else Lasker-Schüler, German poet and author (d. 1945)
• 1874 – Elsa Beskow, Swedish author and illustrator (d. 1953)
• 1881 – Carlo Carrà, Italian painter (d. 1966)
• 1891 – J. W. Hearne English cricketer (d. 1965)
• 1898 – Leo Szilard, Hungarian-American physicist and academic (d. 1964)
• 1900 – Hans-Georg Gadamer, German philosopher and scholar (d. 2002)
• 1900 – Jōsei Toda, Japanese educator and activist (d. 1958)
• 1902 – Arne Jacobsen, Danish architect, designed Aarhus City Hall and Radisson Blu Royal Hotel (d. 1971)
• 1904 – Keith Holyoake, New Zealand farmer and politician, 26th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1983)
• 1908 – Philip Dunne, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1992)
• 1908 – Vivian Fuchs, English geologist and explorer (d. 1999)
• 1909 – Max Baer, American boxer and actor (d. 1959)
• 1909 – Joseph L. Mankiewicz, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1993)
• 1912 – Rudolf Firkušný, Czech-American pianist and educator (d. 1994)
• 1914 – Matt Dennis, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2002)
• 1915 – Patrick Leigh Fermor, English soldier, author, and scholar (d. 2011)
• 1915 – Richard Hamming, American mathematician and academic (d. 1998)
• 1917 – Sidney Sheldon, American author and screenwriter (d. 2007)
• 1919 – Eva Gabor, Hungarian-American actress and singer (d. 1995)
• 1920 – Farouk of Egypt (d. 1965)
• 1920 – Daniel F. Galouye, American author (d. 1976)
• 1920 – Billy Halop, American actor (d. 1976)
• 1920 – Daniel James, Jr., American general and pilot (d. 1978)
• 1921 – Lloyd Bentsen, American colonel and politician, 69th United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 2006)
• 1921 – Ottavio Missoni, Italian hurdler and fashion designer, founded Missoni (d. 2013)
• 1921 – Edward Seidensticker, American scholar and translator (d. 2007)
• 1923 – Antony Flew, English philosopher and academic (d. 2010)
• 1925 – Virginia E. Johnson, American psychologist and academic (d. 2013)
• 1925 – Kim Stanley, American actress (d. 2001)
• 1926 – Paul Bocuse, French chef
• 1926 – Leslie Nielsen, Canadian-American actor and producer (d. 2010)
• 1927 – Sinclair Stevens, Canadian businessman, lawyer, and politician
• 1930 – Roy De Forest, American painter and academic (d. 2007)
• 1932 – Dennis Skinner, English miner and politician
• 1934 – Mel Carnahan, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician, 51st Governor of Missouri (d. 2000)
• 1934 – Tina Louise, American actress and singer
• 1934 – Manuel Noriega, Panamanian general and politician, Military Leader of Panama
• 1934 – Mary Quant, English-Welsh fashion designer
• 1934 – John Surtees, English motorcycle racer and race car driver
• 1934 – David Taylor, English veterinarian and television host (d. 2013)
• 1935 – Gene Vincent, American singer and guitarist (d. 1971)
• 1936 – Burt Reynolds, American actor and director
• 1937 – Bill Lawry, Australian cricketer and sportscaster
• 1937 – Eddie Shack, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1937 – Phillip Walker, American singer and guitarist (d. 2010)
• 1938 – Simone de Oliveira, Portuguese actress and singer
• 1938 – Bobby Pickett, American singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
• 1939 – Gerry Goffin, American songwriter (d. 2014)
• 1939 – Jane Yolen, American author and poet
• 1940 – Mick Staton, American soldier and politician (d. 2014)
• 1941 – Sérgio Mendes, Brazilian pianist and composer
• 1942 – Otis Clay, American singer-songwriter (d. 2016)
• 1943 – Joselito, Spanish singer and actor
• 1943 – Serge Lama, French singer-songwriter
• 1943 – Alan Rubin, American trumpet player (The Blues Brothers) (d. 2011)
• 1943 – Stan Szelest American keyboard player (The Band) (d. 1991)
• 1944 – Mike Oxley, American lawyer and politician (d. 2016)
• 1945 – Burhan Ghalioun, Syrian academic and politician
• 1946 – Pierre Curzi, Canadian actor, screenwriter, and politician
• 1946 – Chris Rush, American comedian, actor, and author
• 1946 – Ian Porterfield, Scottish-English footballer and manager (d. 2007)
• 1947 – Yukio Hatoyama, Japanese engineer and politician, 60th Prime Minister of Japan
• 1947 – Johnny Manahan, Filipino actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1947 – Derek Shulman, Scottish singer-songwriter and producer (Gentle Giant and Simon Dupree and the Big Sound)
• 1948 – Al Johnson, American singer-songwriter and producer (The Unifics) (d. 2013)
• 1948 – Yoshihito, Prince Katsura of Japan (d. 2014)
• 1953 – Philip Anglim, American actor
• 1953 – Jeb Bush, American banker and politician, 43rd Governor of Florida
• 1953 – Tom Veryzer, American baseball player (d. 2014)
• 1954 – Wesley Strick, American director and screenwriter
• 1956 – Catherine Hickland, American actress
• 1956 – Didier Lockwood, French violinist (Magma)
• 1957 – Peter Klashorst, Dutch painter, sculptor, and photographer
• 1959 – Deborah Meaden, English businesswoman
• 1959 – Roberto Moreno, Brazilian race car driver
• 1959 – Marzieh Vahid-Dastjerdi, Iranian educator and politician, Iranian Minister of Health
• 1960 – Momus, Scottish-Japanese author, journalist, and songwriter
• 1960 – Richard Mastracchio, American engineer and astronaut
• 1961 – Carey Lowell, American model and actress
• 1962 – Tammy Baldwin, American lawyer and politician
• 1962 – Sheryl Crow, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actress
• 1962 – Bestia Salvaje, Mexican wrestler (d. 2008)
• 1963 – José Mari Bakero, Spanish footballer and manager
• 1963 – Diane Franklin, American actress and producer
• 1963 – Dan Osman, American rock climber (d. 1998)
• 1963 – Nini Stoltenberg, Norwegian activist (d. 2014)
• 1964 – Adrian Hasler, Liechtensteiner police officer and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Liechtenstein
• 1964 – Sarah Palin, American journalist and politician, 9th Governor of Alaska
• 1964 – Ken Shamrock, American martial artist and wrestler
• 1966 – Dieudonné M'bala M'bala, French comedian, actor, and activist
• 1967 – Hank Gathers, American basketball player (d. 1990)
• 1967 – Paul McLoone, Irish singer, producer, radio presenter, and voice actor (The Undertones)
• 1967 – Ty Treadway, American actor and talk show host
• 1968 – Mo Willems, American author and illustrator
• 1969 – Jennifer Aniston, American actress and producer
• 1969 – Andreas Hilfiker, Swiss footballer
• 1969 – John Salako, Nigerian-English footballer, manager, and sportscaster
• 1970 – Fredrik Thordendal, Swedish guitarist and songwriter (Meshuggah)
• 1971 – Damian Lewis, English actor and producer
• 1971 – Evan Tanner, American mixed martial artist (d. 2008)
• 1972 – Craig Jones, American keyboard player (Slipknot)
• 1972 – Steve McManaman, English footballer
• 1972 – Bernd Meier, German footballer and coach (d. 2012)
• 1972 – Kelly Slater, American surfer and actor
• 1973 – Hernandez, American wrestler and promoter
• 1973 – Jeon Do-yeon, South Korean actress
• 1973 – Varg Vikernes, Norwegian guitarist and songwriter (Burzum, Mayhem, and Old Funeral)
• 1974 – D'Angelo, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Soulquarians)
• 1974 – Nick Barmby, English footballer and manager
• 1974 – Alex Jones, American radio host and author
• 1974 – Isaiah Mustafa, American football player and actor
• 1974 – Jaroslav Špaček, Czech ice hockey player and coach
• 1974 – Zain Verjee, Kenyan-Canadian journalist
• 1975 – Andy Lally, British sports presenter
• 1975 – Jacqui Oatley, British sports presenter
• 1975 – Jacque Vaughn, American basketball player and coach
• 1976 – Tony Battie, American basketball player and sportscaster
• 1976 – Peter Hayes, American singer and guitarist (Black Rebel Motorcycle Club)
• 1977 – Ioannis Okkas, Cypriot footballer and manager
• 1977 – Mike Shinoda, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Linkin Park and Fort Minor)
• 1979 – Brandy Norwood, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
• 1980 – Mark Bresciano, Australian footballer
• 1980 – Matthew Lawrence, American actor
• 1980 – Cormac McAnallen, Irish footballer (d. 2004)
• 1981 – Kelly Rowland, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress (Destiny's Child)
• 1982 – Natalie Dormer, English actress
• 1982 – Neil Robertson, Australian snooker player
• 1983 – Rafael van der Vaart, Dutch footballer
• 1984 – Maarten Heisen, Dutch sprinter
• 1984 – Marco Marcato, Italian cyclist
• 1984 – Aubrey O'Day, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress (Danity Kane and Dumblonde)
• 1984 – Maxime Talbot, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1985 – William Beckett, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Academy Is...)
• 1985 – Mike Richards, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1986 – Robin Hawkins, Welsh singer and bass player (The Automatic)
• 1986 – Kees Luyckx, Dutch footballer
• 1987 – Ebba Busch Thor, Swedish politician
• 1987 – Brian Matusz, American baseball player
• 1987 – Jan Smeekens, Dutch speed skater
• 1987 – Ellen van Dijk, Dutch cyclist
• 1988 – Vlad Moldoveanu, Romanian basketball player
• 1988 – Alwyn Uytingco, Filipino actor
• 1989 – Alexander Büttner, Dutch footballer
• 1989 – Lovi Poe, Filipino actress and singer
• 1990 – Princess Ayah bint Faisal of Jordan
• 1990 – Javier Aquino, Mexican footballer
• 1990 – Go Ara, South Korean actress and singer
• 1991 – Hwang Chansung, South Korean singer-songwriter and actor (2PM)
• 1991 – Georgia May Foote, English actress
• 1992 – Taylor Lautner, American actor and martial artist
• 1993 – Marlann Flores, Filipino actress
• 1993 – Saana Saarteinen, Finnish tennis player
• 1994 – Katherine Miranda Chang, Peruvian tennis player
• 1995 – Yang Zhaoxuan, Chinese tennis player
• 1997 – Yuumi Shida, Japanese model and actress

Deaths[edit]

• 55 – Britannicus, Roman son of Claudius (b. 41)
• 244 – Gordian III, Roman emperor (b. 225)
• 641 – Heraclius, Byzantine emperor (b. 575)
• 731 – Pope Gregory II (b. 669)
• 806 – Emperor Shunzong of Tang (b. 761)
• 824 – Pope Paschal I
• 1141 – Hugh of Saint Victor, German philosopher and theologian (b. 1096)
• 1160 – Minamoto no Yoshitomo, Japanese general (b. 1123)
• 1503 – Elizabeth of York (b. 1466)
• 1626 – Pietro Cataldi, Italian mathematician and astronomer (b. 1552)
• 1650 – René Descartes, French mathematician and philosopher (b. 1596)
• 1755 – Francesco Scipione, marchese di Maffei, Italian archaeologist, playwright, and critic (b. 1675)
• 1763 – William Shenstone, English poet and gardener (b. 1714)
• 1795 – Carl Michael Bellman, Swedish poet and composer (b. 1740)
• 1829 – Alexander Griboyedov, Russian poet, playwright, and composer (b. 1795)
• 1862 – Elizabeth Siddal, English poet and model (b. 1829)
• 1868 – Léon Foucault, French physicist and academic (b. 1819)
• 1901 – Milan I of Serbia (b. 1855)
• 1917 – Oswaldo Cruz, Brazilian physician and epidemiologist (b. 1872)
• 1918 – Alexey Kaledin, Russian general (b. 1861)
• 1923 – Wilhelm Killing, German mathematician and academic (b. 1847)
• 1931 – Charles Algernon Parsons, English-Irish engineer, invented the steam turbine (b. 1854)
• 1935 – Germanos Karavangelis, Greek-Austrian metropolitan (b. 1866)
• 1940 – John Buchan, Scottish-Canadian historian and politician, 15th Governor General of Canada (b. 1875)
• 1940 – Ellen Day Hale, American painter and author (b. 1855)
• 1942 – Jamnalal Bajaj, Indian businessman and philanthropist, founded Bajaj Group (b. 1884)
• 1942 – Ugo Pasquale Mifsud, Maltese politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Malta (b. 1889)
• 1947 – Martin Klein, Estonian wrestler and coach (b. 1884)
• 1948 – Sergei Eisenstein, Russian director and screenwriter (b. 1898)
• 1958 – Ernest Jones, Welsh neurologist and psychoanalyst (b. 1879)
• 1959 – Marshall Teague, American race car driver (b. 1922)
• 1963 – John Olof Dahlgren, Swedish-American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1872)
• 1963 – Sylvia Plath, American author and poet (b. 1932)
• 1967 – Trần Tử Bình, Vietnamese general and diplomat (b. 1907)
• 1967 – A. J. Muste, Dutch-American minister and activist (b. 1885)
• 1968 – Howard Lindsay, American actor, director, producer, and playwright (b. 1888)
• 1968 – Deendayal Upadhyaya, Indian journalist, economist, and politician (b. 1916)
• 1973 – J. Hans D. Jensen, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1907)
• 1975 – Richard Ratsimandrava, Malagasy colonel and politician, President of Madagascar (b. 1931)
• 1976 – Lee J. Cobb, American actor (b. 1911)
• 1976 – Alexander Lippisch, German pilot and engineer (b. 1894)
• 1977 – Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, Indian lawyer and politician, 5th President of India (b. 1905)
• 1977 – Louis Beel, Dutch academic and politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1902)
• 1978 – James Bryant Conant, American chemist, academic, and diplomat, 1st United States Ambassador to West Germany (b. 1893)
• 1978 – Harry Martinson, Swedish sailor and author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904)
• 1982 – Eleanor Powell, American actress and dancer (b. 1912)
• 1982 – Takashi Shimura, Japanese actor (b. 1905)
• 1985 – Henry Hathaway, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1898)
• 1985 – C. Suntharalingam, Sri Lankan academic, lawyer, and politician (b. 1895)
• 1986 – Frank Herbert, American journalist and author (b. 1920)
• 1986 – Evelio Javier, Filipino lawyer and politician (b. 1942)
• 1989 – George O'Hanlon, American actor and director (b. 1912)
• 1993 – Kamal Amrohi, Indian director and screenwriter (b. 1918)
• 1993 – Robert W. Holley, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1922)
• 1994 – Neil Bonnett, American race car driver and sportscaster (b. 1946)
• 1994 – Sorrell Booke, American lieutenant, actor, and director (b. 1930)
• 1994 – William Conrad, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1920)
• 1994 – Paul Feyerabend, Austrian-Swiss philosopher and academic (b. 1924)
• 1994 – Nicole Germain, Canadian actress and journalist (b. 1917)
• 1996 – Kebby Musokotwane, Zambian politician, 5th Prime Minister of Zambia (b. 1946)
• 1996 – Amelia Rosselli, Italian poet and author (b. 1930)
• 1997 – Don Porter, American actor (b. 1912)
• 2000 – Lord Kitchner, Trinidadian singer (b. 1922)
• 2000 – Roger Vadim, French director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1928)
• 2002 – Frankie Crosetti, American baseball player and coach (b. 1910)
• 2002 – Barry Foster, English actor (b. 1931)
• 2004 – Shirley Strickland, Australian runner and coach (b. 1925)
• 2005 – Jack L. Chalker, American author (b. 1944)
• 2006 – Peter Benchley, American author and screenwriter (b. 1940)
• 2006 – Ken Fletcher, Australian tennis player (b. 1940)
• 2006 – Jackie Pallo, English wrestler and actor (b. 1926)
• 2008 – Tom Lantos, American lawyer and politician (b. 1928)
• 2008 – Frank Piasecki, American engineer (b. 1919)
• 2009 – Estelle Bennett, American singer (The Ronettes) (b. 1941)
• 2009 – Willem Johan Kolff, Dutch-American physician and academic (b. 1911)
• 2010 – Heward Grafftey, Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1928)
• 2010 – Alexander McQueen, English fashion designer, founded Alexander McQueen (b. 1969)
• 2010 – Caroline McWilliams, American actress (b. 1945)
• 2011 – Chuck Tanner, American baseball player and manager (b. 1928)
• 2012 – Siri Bjerke, Norwegian politician, Norwegian Minister of the Environment (b. 1958)
• 2012 – Aharon Davidi, Israeli general (b. 1927)
• 2012 – Whitney Houston, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress (b. 1963)
• 2013 – Tom Aspell, New Zealand-American journalist and producer (b. 1950)
• 2013 – Jim Boatwright, American basketball player and coach (b. 1952)
• 2013 – Rick Huxley, English bass player (The Dave Clark Five) (b. 1940)
• 2013 – D. Vinayachandran, Indian poet and educator (b. 1946)
• 2014 – Roy Alvarez, Filipino actor and director (b. 1950)
• 2014 – Alice Babs, Swedish singer and actress (b. 1924)
• 2014 – Tito Canepa, Dominican-American painter (b. 1916)
• 2014 – Fernando González Pacheco, Spanish-Colombian journalist and actor (b. 1932)
• 2015 – Anne Cuneo, Swiss journalist and author (b. 1936)
• 2015 – Roger Hanin, Algerian-French actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1925)
• 2015 – Bob Simon, American journalist (b. 1941)
• 2015 – Jerry Tarkanian, American basketball player and coach (b. 1930)
• 2016 – Kevin Randleman, American mixed martial artist and wrestler (b. 1971)
• 2016 – Zeng Xuelin, Thai-Chinese footballer and manager (b. 1929)

 Μια μεσαιωνική πόλη ''διαμάντι''κρυμμένη στους βράχους!

Σαςαποκαλύπτουμε μια απίστευτη μεσαιωνική πόλη, πάνω στα βράχια, στην οποία επενδύουν Ιταλοί κροίσοι, αγοράζοντας ακίνητα!

Η Civita di Bagnoregio είναι στην πραγματικότητα δύο απομακρυσμένες πόλεις σε μία. Η Civita είναι χτισμένη πάνω σε ένα λόφο, προσβάσιμο μόνο από μια πέτρινη διάβαση πεζών που ξεκινά στο τέλος του δρόμου της γειτονικής Bagnoregio.

Σήμερα, Civita έχει μόνο περίπου 6 κατοίκους όλο το χρόνο, τόσο λίγοι ώστε Civita είναι το παρατσούκλι "η ετοιμοθάνατη πόλη"Πολλά από τα κτίρια της Civita αγοράζονται από πλούσιους Ιταλούς, που έρχονται εδώ για διακοπές.

Ωστόσο, η πόλη υποφέρει από τη συνεχή διάβρωση των ηφαιστειακών πετρωμάτων της.

Η Civita είναι μια γοητευτική μεσαιωνική πόλη, σχεδόν εντελώς ανέγγιχτη από την Αναγέννηση.

Παρά το ψευδώνυμό της, κατά τη διάρκεια της τουριστικής περιόδου, η Civita σφύζει από εκδρομείς.
Η μεγάλη γέφυρα της Civita είναι απότομη - και γίνεται πιο απότομη καθώς την διασχίζετε.