12 εμπνευσμένα αποφθέγματα για τα Χριστούγεννα

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Science: Δέκα καλά και τρία κακά για την Επιστήμη το 2015

Το υπόλοιπο Top10

• Οι πρώτες επισκέψεις σε πλανήτες νάνους: To New Horizons της NASA έφτασε στον Πλούτωνα, ενώ το Dawn, επίσης της NASA, μελέτησε από κοντά τη Δήμητρα.
• Η αλληλούχιση του γονιδιώματος του «Ανθρώπου του Κένγουϊκ», που έζησε στις ΗΠΑ πριν από 8.500 χρόνια. Η αλληλουχία επιβεβαιώνει ότι οι πρώτοι Αμερικανοί έχουν ασιατική καταγωγή.
• Η αποκάλυψη ότι οι περισσότερες μελέτες Ψυχολογίας δεν μπορούν να αναπαραχθούν από άλλους επιστήμονες, γεγονός που μειώνει την αξιοπιστία τους.
• Η διεύρυνση της ανθρώπινης οικογένειας με την ανακάλυψη του Homo naledi, ενός άγνωστου ως τώρα είδος ανθρώπου που έζησε στη Νότιο Αφρική.
• Η επιβεβαίωση -μέσω «τομογραφίας σεισμικών κυμάτων»- ότι οι στήλες μάγματος που φθάνουν στην επιφάνεια της Γης πηγάζουν από τον πυρήνα του πλανήτη.
• Η ανάπτυξη του πρώτου εμβολίου για τον ιό Έμπολα.
• Η γενετική τροποποίηση ενός μύκητα ώστε να παράγει οπιοειδή αναλγητικά.
• Η ανακάλυψη ότι το λεμφικό σύστημα επεκτείνεται και στον εγκέφαλο, λειτουργώντας ως «αποχέτευση» που τον καθαρίζει από τα απόβλητα.
• Η επιβεβαίωση του φαινομένου της κβαντικής διεμπλοκής, στο οποίο δύο σωματίδια αλληλεπιδρούν ακαριαία ακόμα και από μεγάλη απόσταση.

Και τρεις δυσάρεστες εξελίξεις

• Η καταστροφή του ναού του Βάαλ στην Παλμύρα και οι άλλες καταστροφές αρχαιοτήτων από τους τζιχαντιστές του Ισλαμικού Κράτους στη Συρία.
• Η αποκάλυψη ότι ο χώρος της επιστήμης δεν είναι απαλλαγμένος σεξιστικών σκανδάλων, καθώς ο βρετανός νομπελίστας βιολόγος Τιμ Χαντ του University College London και ο αμερικανός αστρονόμος Τζέφ Μάρσι του Πανεπιστημίου της Καλιφόρνια στο Μπέρκλεϊ αναγκάστηκαν να παραιτηθούν λόγω σεξιστικών σχολίων για τις γυναίκες συναδέλφους τους ή σεξουαλικής παρενόχλησης.
• Η παρεμπόδιση της κατασκευής του μεγαλύτερου οπτικού τηλεσκοπίου του κόσμου στη Χαβάη. Οι ντόπιοι θεωρούν ιερό το όρος Μάουνα Κέα όπου θα εγκαθίστατο το τηλεσκόπιο διαμέτρου 30 μέτρων. Η υπόθεση έχει παραπεμφθεί στα αμερικανικά δικαστήρια με άγνωστη κατάληξη.

• 69 – Emperor Vitellius is captured and murdered at the Gemonian stairs in Rome.
• 401 – Pope Innocent I is elected.
• 856 – Damghan earthquake: An earthquake near the Persian city of Damghan kills an estimated 200,000 people, the sixth deadliest earthquake in recorded history.
• 880 – Luoyang, eastern capital of the Tang dynasty, is captured by rebel leader Huang Chao during the reign of Emperor Xizong.
• 1135 – Stephen of Blois becomes King of England
• 1216 – Pope Honorius III approves the Dominican Order through the papal bull of confirmation Religiosam vitam.
• 1622 – Bucaramanga, Colombia is founded.
• 1769 – Sino-Burmese War: The war ends with an uneasy truce.
• 1788 – Nguyễn Huệ proclaims himself Emperor Quang Trung, in effect abolishing on his own the Lê dynasty.
• 1790 – The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Alexander Suvorov and his Russian armies.
• 1807 – The Embargo Act, forbidding trade with all foreign countries, is passed by the U.S. Congress, at the urging of President Thomas Jefferson.
• 1808 – Ludwig van Beethoven conducts and performs in concert at the Theater an der Wien, Vienna, with the premiere of his Fifth Symphony, Sixth Symphony, Fourth Piano Concerto (performed by Beethoven himself) and Choral Fantasy (with Beethoven at the piano).
• 1851 – India's first freight train is operated in Roorkee, India.
• 1864 – Savannah, Georgia falls to General William Tecumseh Sherman, concluding his "March to the Sea".
• 1885 – Itō Hirobumi, a samurai, became the first Prime Minister of Japan.
• 1890 – Cornwallis Valley Railway begins operation between Kentville and Kingsport, Nova Scotia.
• 1891 – Asteroid 323 Brucia becomes the first asteroid discovered using photography.
• 1894 – The Dreyfus affair begins in France, when Alfred Dreyfus is wrongly convicted of treason.
• 1920 – The GOELRO economic development plan is adopted by the 8th Congress of Soviets of the Russian SFSR.
• 1937 – The Lincoln Tunnel opens to traffic in New York City.
• 1939 – Indian Muslims observe a "Day of Deliverance" to celebrate the resignations of members of the Indian National Congress over their not having been consulted over the decision to enter World War II with the United Kingdom.
• 1940 – World War II: Himarë is captured by the Greek army.
• 1942 – World War II: Adolf Hitler signs the order to develop the V-2 rocket as a weapon.
• 1944 – World War II: Battle of the Bulge – German troops demand the surrender of United States troops at Bastogne, Belgium, prompting the famous one word reply by General Anthony McAuliffe: "Nuts!"
• 1944 – World War II: The Vietnam People's Army is formed to resist Japanese occupation of Indochina, now Vietnam.
• 1947 – The Constituent Assembly of Italy approves the Constitution of Italy.
• 1951 – The Selangor Labour Party is founded in Selangor, Malaya.
• 1956 – Colo, the first gorilla to be bred in captivity, is born at the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium in Ohio.
• 1963 – The cruise ship Lakonia burns 180 miles (290 km) north of Madeira, Portugal with the loss of 128 lives.
• 1964 – The first test flight of the SR-71 (Blackbird) took place at Air Force Plant 42 in Palmdale, California.
• 1965 – In the United Kingdom, a 70 mph speed limit is applied to all rural roads including motorways for the first time. Previously, there had been no speed limit.
• 1968 – Cultural Revolution: People's Daily posted the instructions of Mao Zedong that it is "The intellectual youth must go to the country, and will be educated from living in rural poverty."(Down to the Countryside Movement)
• 1974 – Grande Comore, Anjouan and Mohéli vote to become the independent nation of Comoros. Mayotte remains under French administration.
• 1974 – The house of former British Prime Minister Edward Heath is attacked by members of the Provisional IRA.
• 1978 – The pivotal Third Plenum of the 11th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is held in Beijing, with Deng Xiaoping reversing Mao-era policies to pursue a program for Chinese economic reform.
• 1984 – Bernhard Goetz shoots four would-be muggers on an express train in Manhattan section of New York, New York.
• 1987 – In Zimbabwe, the political parties ZANU and ZAPU reach an agreement that ends the violence in the Matabeleland region known as the Gukurahundi.
• 1988 – Chico Mendes, a Brazilian rubber tapper, unionist and environmental activist, is assassinated.
• 1989 – Communist President of Romania Nicolae Ceaușescu is overthrown by Ion Iliescu after days of bloody confrontations. The deposed dictator and his wife flee Bucharest with a helicopter as protesters erupt in cheers.
• 1989 – Berlin's Brandenburg Gate re-opens after nearly 30 years, effectively ending the division of East and West Germany.
• 1990 – Final independence of Marshall Islands and Federated States of Micronesia after termination of trusteeship.
• 1990 – The Croatian Parliament adopts the current Constitution of Croatia.
• 1991 – Armed opposition groups launch a military coup against President of Georgia Zviad Gamsakhurdia.
• 1992 – The Archives of Terror are discovered.
• 1997 – Acteal massacre: Attendees at a prayer meeting of Roman Catholic activists for indigenous causes in the small village of Acteal in the Mexican state of Chiapas are massacred by paramilitary forces.
• 1997 – Hussein Farrah Aidid relinquishes the disputed title of President of Somalia by signing the Cairo Declaration, in Cairo, Egypt. It is the first major step towards reconciliation in Somalia since 1991.
• 1999 – Korean Air Cargo Flight 8509, a Boeing 747-200F crashes shortly after take-off from London Stansted Airport due to pilot error. All 4 crew members are killed.
• 2001 – Burhanuddin Rabbani, political leader of the Northern Alliance, hands over power in Afghanistan to the interim government headed by President Hamid Karzai.
• 2001 – Richard Reid attempts to destroy a passenger airliner by igniting explosives hidden in his shoes aboard American Airlines Flight 63.
• 2008 – An ash dike ruptured at a solid waste containment area in Roane County, Tennessee, releasing 1.1 billion US gallons (4,200,000 m³) of coal fly ash slurry.
• 2010 – The repeal of the Don't ask, don't tell policy, the 17-year-old policy banning homosexuals serving openly in the United States military, is signed into law by President Barack Obama.
• 2015 – SpaceX lands a first stage Falcon 9 rocket on ground, after reaching Low Earth orbit at 1:40 UTC for the first time in history.

Births[edit]

• 244 – Diocletian, Roman emperor (d. 311)
• 1095 – Roger II of Sicily (d. 1154)
• 1178 – Emperor Antoku of Japan (d. 1185)
• 1546 – Kuroda Yoshitaka, Japanese daimyo (d. 1604)
• 1550 – Cesare Cremonini, Italian philosopher and author (d. 1631)
• 1639 – Jean Racine, French poet and playwright (d. 1699)
• 1666 – Guru Gobind Singh, Indian guru and poet (d. 1708)
• 1694 – Hermann Samuel Reimarus, German philosopher and academic (d. 1768)
• 1696 – James Oglethorpe, English general and politician, 1st Colonial Governor of Georgia (d. 1785)
• 1723 – Carl Friedrich Abel, German viol player and composer (d. 1787)
• 1765 – Johann Friedrich Pfaff, German mathematician and academic (d. 1825)
• 1799 – Nicholas Callan, Irish priest and scientist (d. 1864)
• 1805 – John Obadiah Westwood, English entomologist and archaeologist (d. 1893)
• 1807 – Johan Sebastian Welhaven, Norwegian author, poet, and critic (d. 1873)
• 1819 – Franz Abt, German composer and conductor (d. 1870)
• 1819 – Pierre Ossian Bonnet, French mathematician and academic (d. 1892)
• 1839 – John Nevil Maskelyne, English stage magician (d. 1917)
• 1853 – Teresa Carreño, Venezuelan-American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1917)
• 1853 – Evgraf Fedorov, Russian mathematician, crystallographer, and mineralogist (d. 1919)
• 1853 – Sarada Devi, Indian mystic and philosopher (d. 1920)
• 1856 – Frank B. Kellogg, American lawyer and politician, 45th United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1937)
• 1858 – Giacomo Puccini, Italian composer (d. 1924)
• 1862 – Connie Mack, American baseball player and manager (d. 1956)
• 1865 – Charles Sands, American golfer and tennis player (d. 1945)
• 1868 – Jaan Tõnisson, Estonian journalist, lawyer, and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Estonia (d. 1941?)
• 1869 – Dmitri Egorov, Russian mathematician and academic (d. 1931)
• 1869 – Edwin Arlington Robinson, American poet and playwright (d. 1935)
• 1872 – Camille Guérin, French veterinarian and bacteriologist (d. 1961)
• 1874 – Franz Schmidt, Austrian cellist, pianist, and composer (d. 1939)
• 1876 – Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Egyptian-Italian poet and composer (d. 1944)
• 1878 – Myer Prinstein, Polish-American jumper (d. 1925)
• 1883 – Marcus Hurley, American cyclist (d. 1941)
• 1883 – Edgard Varèse, French-American composer (d. 1965)
• 1885 – Abe Manley, American businessman (d. 1952)
• 1885 – Deems Taylor, American conductor and critic (d. 1966)
• 1887 – Srinivasa Ramanujan, Indian mathematician and theorist (d. 1920)
• 1888 – J. Arthur Rank, 1st Baron Rank, English businessman, founded Rank Organisation (d. 1972)
• 1889 – George Hutson, English runner and soldier (d. 1914)
• 1889 – Minor Watson, American actor (d. 1965)
• 1892 – Herman Potočnik, Croatian-Austrian engineer (d. 1929)
• 1898 – Vladimir Fock, Russian physicist and mathematician (d. 1974)
• 1899 – Gustaf Gründgens, German actor and director (d. 1963)
• 1900 – Marc Allégret, French director and screenwriter (d. 1973)
• 1901 – Andre Kostelanetz, Russian-American conductor and composer (d. 1980)
• 1903 – Haldan Keffer Hartline, American physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1983)
• 1905 – Pierre Brasseur, French-Italian actor and screenwriter (d. 1972)
• 1905 – Pierre Levegh, French racing driver (d. 1955)
• 1905 – Kenneth Rexroth, American poet, translator and critical essayist (d. 1982)
• 1907 – Peggy Ashcroft, English actress (d. 1991)
• 1908 – Giacomo Manzù, Italian sculptor and academic (d. 1991)
• 1909 – Patricia Hayes, English actress (d. 1998)
• 1911 – Danny O'Dea, English actor (d. 2003)
• 1912 – Elias Degiannis, Greek commander (d. 1943)
• 1912 – Lady Bird Johnson, American wife of Lyndon B. Johnson, 38th First Lady of the United States (d. 2007)
• 1913 – Giorgio Oberweger, Italian discus thrower and hurdler (d. 1998)
• 1914 – Satchidananda Saraswati, Indian-American guru and educator (d. 2002)
• 1915 – Barbara Billingsley, American actress (d. 2010)
• 1915 – Phillip Glasier, English author and academic (d. 2000)
• 1917 – Gene Rayburn, American game show host and actor (d. 1999)
• 1919 – Lil Green, American singer-songwriter (d. 1954)
• 1921 – Dimitri Fampas, Greek guitarist and composer (d. 1996)
• 1921 – Hawkshaw Hawkins, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1963)
• 1922 – Ruth Roman, American actress and singer (d. 1999)
• 1922 – Jim Wright, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 56th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 2015)
• 1923 – Peregrine Worsthorne, English journalist
• 1924 – Frank Corsaro, American actor and director
• 1925 – Lewis Glucksman, American businessman and philanthropist (d. 2006)
• 1925 – Lefter Küçükandonyadis, Turkish footballer and manager (d. 2012)
• 1928 – George H. Buck, Jr., American businessman (d. 2013)
• 1930 – Ardalion Ignatyev, Russian sprinter (d. 1998)
• 1931 – Gisela Birkemeyer, German hurdler and coach
• 1931 – Carlos Graça, São Toméan politician, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (d. 2013)
• 1932 – Phil Woosnam, Welsh-American soccer player and manager (d. 2013)
• 1933 – John Hartle, English motorcycle racer (d. 1968)
• 1934 – David Pearson, American race car driver
• 1935 – Paulo Rocha, Portuguese director and screenwriter (d. 2012)
• 1936 – James Burke, Irish historian and author
• 1936 – Héctor Elizondo, American actor and director
• 1936 – Wojciech Frykowski, Polish-American actor and author (d. 1969)
• 1937 – Charlotte Lamb, English author (d. 2000)
• 1937 – Eduard Uspensky, Russian author, poet, and playwright
• 1937 – Ken Whitmore, English author and playwright
• 1938 – Matty Alou, Dominican-American baseball player and scout (d. 2011)
• 1938 – Lucien Bouchard, Canadian lawyer and politician, 27th Premier of Quebec
• 1939 – James Gurley, American guitarist (Big Brother and the Holding Company) (d. 2009)
• 1940 – Luis Francisco Cuéllar, Colombian rancher and politician (d. 2009)
• 1940 – Mike Molloy, English journalist, author, and illustrator
• 1941 – Jose Duval, Belgian pornographic actor
• 1941 – Tiit Pääsuke, Estonian painter
• 1942 – Jerry Koosman, American baseball player
• 1942 – Dick Parry, English saxophonist (Jokers Wild)
• 1943 – Stefan Janos, Slovak-Swiss physicist and academic
• 1943 – Paul Wolfowitz, American banker and politician, 25th United States Deputy Secretary of Defense
• 1944 – Mary Archer, English chemist and academic
• 1944 – Steve Carlton, American baseball player
• 1944 – Barry Jenkins, English drummer (The Animals and The Nashville Teens)
• 1945 – Frances Lannon, English historian and academic
• 1945 – Diane Sawyer, American journalist
• 1946 – Roger Carr, English businessman
• 1947 – Brian Daley, American author and screenwriter (d. 1996)
• 1948 – Noel Edmonds, English game show host
• 1948 – Steve Garvey, American baseball player and sportscaster
• 1948 – Don Kardong, American runner, journalist, and author
• 1948 – Flip Mark, American actor
• 1948 – Rick Nielsen, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Cheap Trick, Fuse, and Buck Satan and the 666 Shooters)
• 1948 – Chris Old, English cricketer
• 1948 – Lynne Thigpen, American actress and singer (d. 2003)
• 1948 – Martin Yan, Chinese chef and author
• 1949 – Maurice Gibb, Manx-English musician, singer, songwriter and record producer (Bee Gees, The Bloomfields, and The Rattlesnakes) (d. 2003)
• 1949 – Robin Gibb, Manx-English singer-songwriter and record producer (Bee Gees and The Rattlesnakes) (d. 2012)
• 1949 – Ray Guy, American football player
• 1951 – Charles de Lint, Dutch-Canadian author and critic
• 1951 – Gerald Grosvenor, 6th Duke of Westminster, Irish general and businessman
• 1951 – Dan Martin, American actor
• 1952 – Sandra Kalniete, Latvian politician, author, and diplomat
• 1953 – Bern Nadette Stanis, American actress
• 1953 – Ian Turnbull, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1953 – Tom Underwood, American baseball player (d. 2010)
• 1954 – Hideshi Matsuda, Japanese race car driver
• 1955 – Galina Murašova, Lithuanian discus thrower
• 1955 – Lonnie Smith, American baseball player
• 1956 – Erica Boyer, American porn actress and producer (d. 2009)
• 1956 – Jane Lighting, English businesswoman
• 1957 – Stephen Conway, English bishop
• 1957 – Carole James, English-Canadian educator and politician
• 1957 – Susan Powter, Australian personal trainer and author
• 1958 – Frank Gambale, Australian guitarist, songwriter, and producer (Chick Corea Elektric Band, Return to Forever, and Vital Information)
• 1958 – David Heavener, American singer-songwriter, producer, actor, and director
• 1959 – Bernd Schuster, German footballer and manager
• 1960 – Jean-Michel Basquiat, American painter and poet (d. 1988)
• 1960 – Mark Brydon, English guitarist, songwriter, and producer (Moloko, Chakk, and Krush)
• 1960 – Luther Campbell, American rapper and actor (2 Live Crew)
• 1960 – Wakin Chau, Hong Kong-Taiwanese singer-songwriter and actor (Superband)
• 1960 – Patrick Fitzgerald, American lawyer
• 1961 – Andrew Fastow, American businessman
• 1961 – Yuri Malenchenko, Russian colonel, pilot, and astronaut
• 1961 – Marcus O'Sullivan, Irish runner and coach
• 1962 – Ralph Fiennes, English actor and singer
• 1963 – Giuseppe Bergomi, Italian footballer and coach
• 1963 – Brian McMillan, South African cricketer and educator
• 1963 – Luna H. Mitani, Japanese-American painter and illustrator
• 1964 – Simon Kirby, English politician
• 1964 – Mike Jackson, American baseball player
• 1965 – Urszula Włodarczyk, Polish heptathlete and triple jumper
• 1966 – Dmitry Bilozerchev, Russian gymnast and coach
• 1966 – Sayuri Kokushō, Japanese actress and singer
• 1966 – Marcel Schirmer, German singer-songwriter and bass player (Destruction)
• 1966 – David Wright, English politician
• 1967 – Richey Edwards, Welsh singer-songwriter and guitarist (Manic Street Preachers) (d. 1995)
• 1967 – Stéphane Gendron, Canadian lawyer and politician
• 1967 – Rebecca Harris, English politician
• 1967 – Paul Morris, Australian race car driver
• 1967 – Dan Petrescu, Romanian footballer and manager
• 1968 – Lauralee Bell, American actress, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1968 – Luis Hernández, Mexican footballer
• 1968 – Dina Meyer, American actress
• 1969 – Myriam Bédard, Canadian biathlete
• 1969 – Mark Robins, English footballer and manager
• 1970 – Gary Anderson, Scottish darts player
• 1970 – Ted Cruz, Canadian-American lawyer and politician
• 1971 – Pat Mastroianni, Canadian actor
• 1971 – Ajeenkya Patil, Indian economist and academic
• 1972 – Kirk Maltby, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1972 – Vanessa Paradis, French singer-songwriter and actress
• 1972 – Big Tigger, American radio and television host
• 1974 – Michael Barron, English footballer, coach, and manager
• 1974 – Heather Donahue, American actress
• 1975 – Sergei Aschwanden, Swiss martial artist
• 1975 – Dmitri Khokhlov, Russian footballer and manager
• 1975 – Marcin Mięciel, Polish footballer
• 1975 – Stanislav Neckář, Czech ice hockey player
• 1976 – Katleen De Caluwé, Belgian sprinter
• 1976 – Jason Lane, American baseball player
• 1976 – Aya Takano, Japanese author and illustrator
• 1977 – Steve Kariya, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1978 – Joy Ali, Fijian boxer (d. 2015)
• 1978 – Anthony Jeselnik, American comedian, actor, and television host
• 1978 – Joanne Kelly, Canadian actress
• 1978 – Emmanuel Olisadebe, Nigerian-Polish footballer
• 1979 – Jamie Langfield, Scottish footballer
• 1980 – Chris Carmack, American model, actor, and singer
• 1981 – David Cormican, Canadian actor and producer
• 1981 – Marina Kuptsova, Russian high jumper
• 1982 – Agbani Darego, Nigerian model, Miss World 2001
• 1982 – Rodney Martin, American sprinter
• 1982 – Brooke Nevin, Canadian actress
• 1983 – Jennifer Hawkins, Australian model, Miss Universe 2004
• 1983 – Drew Hankinson, American wrestler
• 1983 – Viola Kibiwot, Kenyan runner
• 1984 – Basshunter, Swedish singer-songwriter and producer
• 1986 – Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, Nigerian terrorist
• 1986 – Dennis Armfield, Australian footballer
• 1987 – Osamu Adachi, Japanese actor
• 1987 – Johannes Ahun, Estonian windsurfer
• 1987 – Éder, Bissau-Portuguese footballer
• 1987 – Garfield Darien, French hurdler
• 1988 – Leigh Halfpenny, Welsh rugby player
• 1989 – Jordin Sparks, American singer-songwriter
• 1989 – Jharal Yow Yeh, Australian rugby player
• 1990 – Jean-Baptiste Maunier, French actor and singer
• 1990 – Josef Newgarden, American race car driver
• 1991 – Paul Alo-Emile, New Zealand-Australian rugby player
• 1992 – Michaela Hončová, Slovak tennis player
• 1992 – Shiori Kutsuna, Japanese-Australian actress and idol
• 1992 – Aby Maraño, Filipino volleyball player
• 1993 – Ali Lohan, American actress and singer
• 1993 – Meghan Trainor, American singer-songwriter
• 1994 – Rúben Lameiras, Portuguese footballer
• 1994 – Hà Ngọc Diễm, Vietnamese volleyball player
• 1996 – Makisig Morales, Filipino singer and actor (Mak and the Dudes)
• 1998 – G. Hannelius, American actress and singer
• 1999 – Ameer Idreis, Emirati-Canadian author

Deaths[edit]

• 69 – Vitellius, Roman emperor (b. 15)
• 1100 – Bretislaus II, Duke of Bohemia (b. 1060)
• 1603 – Mehmed III, Ottoman sultan (b. 1566)
• 1646 – Peter Mogila, Moldavian metropolitan and saint (b. 1596)
• 1660 – André Tacquet, Flemish priest and mathematician (b. 1612)
• 1681 – Richard Alleine, English minister and author (b. 1611)
• 1708 – Hedvig Sophia of Sweden (b. 1681)
• 1738 – Constantia Jones, English prostitute (b. 1708)
• 1767 – John Newbery, English publisher (b. 1713)
• 1788 – Percivall Pott, English physician and surgeon (b. 1714)
• 1806 – William Vernon, American merchant (b. 1719)
• 1828 – William Hyde Wollaston, English chemist and physicist (b. 1766)
• 1828 – Rachel Jackson, wife of U.S. President Andrew Jackson (b. 1767)
• 1867 – Jean-Victor Poncelet, French mathematician and engineer (b. 1788)
• 1870 – Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer, Spanish journalist, poet, and playwright (b. 1836)
• 1880 – George Eliot, English novelist and poet (b. 1819)
• 1899 – Dwight L. Moody, American evangelist and publisher, founded Moody Publishers (b. 1837)
• 1902 – Richard von Krafft-Ebing, German-Austrian psychiatrist and author (b. 1840)
• 1917 – Frances Xavier Cabrini, Italian-American nun and saint (b. 1850)
• 1918 – Aristeidis Moraitinis, Greek lieutenant and pilot (b. 1891)
• 1919 – Hermann Weingärtner, German gymnast (b. 1864)
• 1925 – Amelie Beese, German pilot and engineer (b. 1886)
• 1926 – Mina Arndt, New Zealander painter (b. 1885)
• 1939 – Ma Rainey, American singer (b. 1886)
• 1940 – Nathanael West, American author and screenwriter (b. 1903)
• 1941 – Karel Hašler, Czech actor, director, composer, and screenwriter (b. 1879)
• 1942 – Franz Boas, German-American anthropologist and linguist (b. 1858)
• 1943 – Beatrix Potter, English author and illustrator (b. 1866)
• 1944 – Harry Langdon, American actor, singer, director, and screenwriter (b. 1884)
• 1944 – Eleni Papadaki, Greek actress and singer (b. 1903)
• 1950 – Frederick Freake, English polo player (b. 1876)
• 1955 – Jules De Bisschop, Belgian rower (b. 1879)
• 1957 – Frank George Woollard, English engineer (b. 1883)
• 1959 – Gilda Gray, Polish-American actress, singer, and dancer (b. 1901)
• 1960 – Ninian Comper, Scottish-English architect (b. 1864)
• 1963 – Giovanni Giorgio Trissino, Italian horse rider (b. 1877)
• 1965 – Richard Dimbleby, English journalist (b. 1913)
• 1968 – Raymond Gram Swing, American journalist (b. 1887)
• 1971 – Godfried Bomans, Dutch journalist and author (b. 1913)
• 1974 – Sterling North, American author (b. 1906)
• 1979 – Darryl F. Zanuck, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1902)
• 1985 – D. Boon, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (The Minutemen and The Reactionaries) (b. 1958)
• 1986 – Mary Burchell, English author and activist (b. 1904)
• 1987 – Luca Prodan, Italian-Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (Sumo) (b. 1953)
• 1988 – Chico Mendes, Brazilian union leader and activist (b. 1944)
• 1989 – Samuel Beckett, Irish novelist, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906)
• 1992 – Harry Bluestone, English violinist and composer (b. 1907)
• 1992 – Frederick William Franz, American religious leader (b. 1893)
• 1993 – Don DeFore, American actor (b. 1913)
• 1995 – Osvald Käpp, Estonian wrestler (b. 1905)
• 1995 – Butterfly McQueen, American actress and dancer (b. 1911)
• 1995 – James Meade, English economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1907)
• 1996 – Jack Hamm, American cartoonist (b. 1916)
• 1997 – Sebastian Arcos Bergnes, Cuban-American dentist and activist (b. 1931)
• 2000 – Stuart Lancaster, American actor (b. 1920)
• 2001 – Ovidiu Iacov, Romanian footballer (b. 1981)
• 2002 – Desmond Hoyte, Guyanan lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Guyana (b. 1929)
• 2002 – Joe Strummer, English singer-songwriter and actor (The Clash, The Mescaleros, and The Pogues) (b. 1952)
• 2002 – Kenneth Tobey, American actor (b. 1917)
• 2003 – Dave Dudley, American singer (b. 1928)
• 2004 – Doug Ault, American baseball player and manager (b. 1950)
• 2004 – Nezihe Viranyalı, Bulgarian-Turkish pilot (b. 1925)
• 2006 – Dennis Linde, American singer-songwriter (b. 1943)
• 2006 – Elena Mukhina, Russian gymnast (b. 1960)
• 2006 – Galina Ustvolskaya, Russian composer (b. 1919)
• 2007 – Adrian Cristobal, Filipino journalist and playwright (b. 1932)
• 2009 – Luis Francisco Cuéllar, Colombian rancher and politician (b. 1940)
• 2009 – Albert Scanlon, English footballer (b. 1935)
• 2010 – Fred Foy, American soldier and announcer (b. 1921)
• 2011 – William Duell, American actor and singer (b. 1923)
• 2012 – Chuck Cherundolo, American football player and coach (b. 1916)
• 2012 – Ryan Freel, American baseball player (b. 1976)
• 2012 – Rip Hawk, American wrestler (b. 1930)
• 2012 – Cliff Osmond, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1937)
• 2012 – Marva Whitney, American singer (b. 1944)
• 2012 – Lim Keng Yaik, Malaysian physician and politician (b. 1939)
• 2013 – Diomedes Díaz, Colombian singer-songwriter (b. 1956)
• 2013 – Hans Hækkerup, Danish politician (b. 1945)
• 2013 – Ed Herrmann, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1946)
• 2013 – Keith McGowan, Australian radio host (b. 1943)
• 2013 – Oscar Peer, Swiss author, playwright, and philologist (b. 1928)
• 2014 – John Robert Beyster, American physicist and academic (b. 1924)
• 2014 – Christine Cavanaugh, American actress (b. 1963)
• 2014 – Joe Cocker, English singer-songwriter (The Grease Band) (b. 1944)
• 2014 – Catherine N. Norton, American librarian (b. 1941)
• 2014 – Joseph Sargent, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1925)
• 2014 – Bernard Stone, American lawyer and politician (b. 1927)

Ο Πρόεδρος παρασημοφόρησε δύο θρύλους της δημοσιογραφίας: Χρήστο Πασαλάρη και Γιάννη Διακογιάννη 

Σε μια σεμνή τελετή στο προεδρικό Μέγαρο, ο Προκόπης Παυλόπουλος απένειμε τον

 Χρυσό Σταυρό του Τάγματος του Φοίνικος σε δυό θρύλους της ελληνικής

 δημοσιογραφίας: Τους δημοσιογράφους Χρήστο Πασαλάρη και Γιάννη Διακογιάννη.

Ο Πρόεδρος της Δημοκρατίας είχε τον εξής διάλογο με τους τιμηθέντες.

• Πρ. Παυλόπουλος: «Κύριε Πασαλάρη, το παράσημο αυτό σας απονέμεται για την
•  μεγάλη και συνεπή προσφορά σας στην δημοσιογραφία γενικώς. Προσφορά, η
•  οποία εμπνέεται πάντοτε από τις αρχές και τις αξίες της Δημοκρατίας και της
•  Ελευθερίας. Αρχές και αξίες τις οποίες υπηρετήσατε και εμπράκτως δια της
•  συμμετοχής σας στην Εθνική Αντίσταση».
• Χρ, Πασαλάρης: Ευχαριστώ πολύ, κύριε Πρόεδρε. Θα πω λίγα λόγια: Είσθε ο 
• πρώτος Αρχηγός Κράτους που τιμά την ελληνική δημοσιογραφία, στο πρόσωπο 
• δύο παλαίμαχων δημοσιογράφων. Ελπίζω αυτό να γίνει θεσμός.

• Πρ. Παυλόπουλος: Κύριε Διακογιάννη, το παράσημο αυτό σας απονέμεται για την
•  μεγάλη και συνεπή προσφορά σας στην αθλητική δημοσιογραφία. Προσφορά, η οποία
•  εμπνέεται πάντοτε από το ολυμπιακό πνεύμα και όχι μόνον, αλλά από το αρχαίο
•  ελληνικό πνεύμα γενικώς, μέσα από τις αρχές του «ευ αγωνίζεσθαι» και του «αιέν
•  αριστεύειν και υπείροχον έμμεναι άλλων».
• Γ. Διακογιάννης: Ομολογώ ότι δεν το περίμενα, κύριε Πρόεδρε. Έλεγα ότι μετά το 
• τελευταίο βραβείο από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση Δημοσιογράφων – και έχουν περάσει 
• 12 χρόνια από τότε – έχω αποσυρθεί. Ενθουσιάσθηκα. Δεν το περίμενα, αλλά
•  ενθουσιάσθηκα. Ενθουσιάσθηκα γιατί έρχεται από τον εκπρόσωπο της Δημοκρατίας.
•  Και είμαι πολύ πιστός στη λέξη Δημοκρατία στην Ελλάδα που χρειάζεται τη
•  Δημοκρατία, γιατί από εδώ ξεκίνησε η Δημοκρατία. Ευχαριστώ και πάλι, να είσθε
•  καλά και να είναι καλά και η Δημοκρατία».

 Σύρος κολύμπησε 7 ώρες από την Τουρκία στην Ελλάδα 

Μπορεί να βλέπουμε καθημερινά εικόνες με λέμβους γεμάτες

 πρόσφυγες και μετανάστες να φθάνουν στα ελληνικά νησιά από

 τα τουρκικά παράλια και να ακούμε για τα υπέρογκα ποσά που

 καταβάλλουν στους διακινητές, ωστόσο υπάρχουν και άλλοι

 που, ελλείψει χρημάτων, κάνουν το ταξίδι αυτό... κολυμπώντας. 

Οπως ο Ameer Mehtr από τη Συρία, ο οποίος έχασε όλο του το βιος στον πενταετή

 εμφύλιο στη Συρία και, όπως πολλοί άλλοι, θέλησε να κυνηγήσει το ευρωπαϊκό όνειρο.

 Δεν είχε, όμως, χρήματα για το πέρασμα στην Ευρώπη. Δεν το έβαλε, όμως, κάτω. 

Ταξίδεψε στη Βηρυτό και άρχισε καθημερινή, εντατική προπόνηση στην κολύμβηση.

 Δεν ήταν κάτι ιδιαίτερα δύσκολο για εκείνον. Ηταν άλλωστε, στο παρελθόν μέλος της

 εθνικής ομάδας κολύμβησης. Επί μήνες μελετούσε, επίσης, ένα χάρτη του Αιγαίου

 πελάγους για να ανακαλύψει το συντομότερο δρόμο για την Ευρώπη για εκείνον.

 Και το βρήκε. Θα ερχόταν στην Ευρώπη  μεσω του στενού Κουσάντασι-Σάμου. 

Τον περασμένο Σεπτέμβριο ένιωσε ότι ήρθε «η μεγάλη στιγμή». Πήγε στην παραλία 

στο Κουσάντασι, φόρεσε το μαγιό του, ειδικά γυαλιά και έδεσε στη ζώνη του, μέσα

 σε μεμβράνη μερικούς χουρμάδες με γεύση τζίντζερ, το μόνο φαγητό που είχε για 

να τον κρατήσει στον κουραστικό «διάπλου» τον εφτά ωρών. Ετρεξε γρήγορα να 

διαφύγει από τους αστυνομικούς που περιπολούσαν στις ακτές για παράνομους

 διακινητές προσφύγων, βούτηξε στη θάλασσα και αυτό ήταν... Το μεγάλο ταξίδι είχε 

αρχίσει. 

Μετά από επτά ώρες πάλης με τη θάλασσα έφθασε εξαντλημένος στις ακτές της

 Σάμου. Μιλώντας στους The Sunday Times, από τον καταυλισμό προσφύγων στη

 Σουηδία όπου βρίσκεται τώρα, δήλωσε ότι  όσο κουρασμένος και αν ήταν,

 χαμογέλασε όταν είδε τα πρώτα βράχια του νησιού, επειδή αντιλήφθηκε ότι βρίσκεται 

πολύ κοντά στο μέλλον του. Κατά τη διάρκεια του επικίνδυνου «διάπλου» του,

 παραδέχτηκε, υπήρξαν στιγμές που ένιωσε ότι βρίσκεται πολύ κοντά στον θάνατο,

 αλλά γνώριζε καλά ότι έπρεπε να κολυμπήσει για να φθάσει στον προορισμό του,

 στο μέλλον του.

Ο Σύρος πρόσφυγας και άλλοι Σύροι, που κολύμπησαν για να φθάσουν στην Ελλάδα,

 έφτιαξαν μια σελίδα στο Facebook, μέσω της οποίας δίνουν συμβουλές σε

 συμπατριώτες τους που θέλουν να κάνουν το ίδιο...

Νέοι διευθυντές στην ΕΡΤ 

Δισκογραφία

• With a Little Help from My Friends (1969)
• Joe Cocker! (1969)
• Mad Dogs & Englishmen (Live, 1970)
• Joe Cocker (1972)
• I Can Stand a Little Rain (1974)
• Jamaica Say You Will (1975)
• Stingray (1976)
• Luxury You Can Afford (1978)
• Sheffield Steel (1982)
• Civilized Man (1984)
• Cocker (1986)
• Unchain My Heart (1987)
• One Night of Sin (1989)
• Night Calls (1991/ΗΠΑ: 1992)
• Have a Little Faith (1994)
• Organic (1996)
• Across from Midnight (1997)
• No Ordinary World (1999/ΗΠΑ: 2000)
• Respect Yourself (2002)
• Heart & Soul (2004/ΗΠΑ: 2005)
• Hymn for My Soul (2007/ΗΠΑ: 2008)
• Hard Knocks (2010/ΗΠΑ: 2012)
• Fire It Up (2012)

[edit]

• 484 – Huneric dies and is succeeded by his nephew Gunthamund, who becomes king of the Vandals. During his reign Christians are protected from persecution.
• 558 – Chlothar I is crowned King of the Franks.
• 562 – Hagia Sophia in Constantinople reopened with a rebuilt dome after a series of earthquakes caused the original to collapse.
• 583 – Maya queen Yohl Ik'nal is crowned ruler of Palenque.
• 679 – King Dagobert II is murdered while hunting.
• 962 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Under the future Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, Byzantine troops storm the city of Aleppo.
• 1572 – Theologian Johann Sylvan is executed in Heidelberg for his heretical Antitrinitarian beliefs.
• 1688 – As part of the Glorious Revolution, King James II of England flees from England to Paris, France after being deposed in favor of his nephew, William of Orange and his daughter Mary.
• 1783 – George Washington resigns as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army at the Maryland State House in Annapolis, Maryland.
• 1793 – The Battle of Savenay: a decisive defeat of the royalist counter-revolutionaries in War in the Vendée during the French Revolution.
• 1823 – A Visit from St. Nicholas, also known as The Night Before Christmas, is published anonymously.
• 1876 – First day of the Constantinople Conference which resulted in agreement for political reforms in the Balkans.
• 1893 – The opera Hansel and Gretel by Engelbert Humperdinck is first performed.
• 1913 – The Federal Reserve Act is signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson, creating the Federal Reserve System.
• 1914 – World War I: Australian and New Zealand troops arrive in Cairo, Egypt.
• 1916 – World War I: Battle of Magdhaba – Allied forces defeat Turkish forces in Egypt's Sinai Peninsula.
• 1919 – Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act 1919 becomes law in the United Kingdom.
• 1921 – Visva-Bharati University is inaugurated.
• 1936 – Colombia becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
• 1938 – Discovery of the first modern coelacanth in South Africa.
• 1940 – World War II: Greek submarine Papanikolis (Y-2) sinks the Italian motor ship Antonietta.
• 1941 – World War II: After 15 days of fighting, the Imperial Japanese Army occupies Wake Island.
• 1947 – The transistor is first demonstrated at Bell Laboratories.
• 1948 – Seven Japanese convicted of war crimes by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East are executed at Sugamo Prison in Tokyo, Japan.
• 1954 – First successful kidney transplant is performed by J. Hartwell Harrison and Joseph Murray.
• 1958 – Dedication of Tokyo Tower, the world's highest self-supporting iron tower.
• 1968 – The 82 sailors from the USS Pueblo are released after eleven months of internment in North Korea.
• 1970 – The North Tower of the World Trade Center in Manhattan, New York, New York is topped out at 1,368 feet (417 m), making it the tallest building in the world.
• 1970 – The Democratic Republic of the Congo officially becomes a single-party state.
• 1972 – A 6.5 magnitude earthquake strikes the Nicaraguan capital of Managua killing more than 10,000.
• 1972 – The 16 survivors of the Andes flight disaster are rescued after 73 days, having survived by cannibalism.
• 1979 – Soviet war in Afghanistan: Soviet Union forces occupy Kabul, the Afghan capital.
• 1982 – The United States Environmental Protection Agency announces it has identified dangerous levels of dioxin in the soil of Times Beach, Missouri.
• 1986 – Voyager, piloted by Dick Rutan and Jeana Yeager, lands at Edwards Air Force Base in California becoming the first aircraft to fly non-stop around the world without aerial or ground refueling.
• 1990 – History of Slovenia: In a referendum, 88.5% of Slovenia's overall electorate vote for independence from Yugoslavia.
• 2002 – An MQ-1 Predator is shot down by an Iraqi MiG-25.
• 2003 – PetroChina Chuandongbei natural gas field explosion, Guoqiao, Kai County, Chongqing, China, killing at least 234.
• 2007 – An agreement is made for the Kingdom of Nepal to be abolished and the country to become a federal republic with the Prime Minister becoming head of state.
• 2010 – A monsoonal trough crosses the northeastern coast of Australia from the Coral Sea, bringing mass flooding across Queensland.

Births[edit]

• 1173 – Louis I, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1231)
• 1513 – Thomas Smith, English diplomat and scholar (d. 1577)
• 1582 – Severo Bonini, Italian organist and composer (d. 1663)
• 1597 – Martin Opitz, German poet and composer (d. 1639)
• 1613 – Carl Gustaf Wrangel, Swedish field marshal and politician, Lord High Constable of Sweden (d. 1676)
• 1621 – Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Nottingham, English politician, Lord Chancellor of England (d. 1682)
• 1621 – Edmund Berry Godfrey, English judge (d. 1678)
• 1689 – Joseph Bodin de Boismortier, French composer (d. 1755)
• 1690 – Pamheiba, Indian emperor (d. 1751)
• 1713 – Maruyama Gondazaemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 3rd Yokozuna (d. 1749)
• 1732 – Richard Arkwright, English businessman and inventor, invented the Water frame and Spinning frame (d. 1792)
• 1750 – Frederick Augustus I of Saxony (d. 1827)
• 1758 – Nathan Wilson, American soldier and politician (d. 1834)
• 1777 – Alexander I of Russia (d. 1825)
• 1790 – Jean-François Champollion, French philologist, orientalist, and scholar (d. 1832)
• 1804 – Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve, French author, critic, and academic (d. 1869)
• 1805 – Joseph Smith, American religious leader, 1st President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1844)
• 1812 – Samuel Smiles, Scottish-English author (d. 1904)
• 1819 – Jan Jakob Lodewijk ten Kate, Dutch poet and clergyman (d. 1889)
• 1822 – Wilhelm Bauer, German engineer (d. 1875)
• 1839 – János Murkovics, Slovene-Hungarian author and educator (d. 1917)
• 1843 – Richard Conner, American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1924)
• 1854 – Henry B. Guppy, English botanist and author (d. 1926)
• 1864 – Princess Zorka of Montenegro (d. 1890)
• 1867 – Madam C. J. Walker, American businesswoman and philanthropist, founded the Madame C.J. Walker Manufacturing Company (d. 1919)
• 1870 – John Marin, American painter (d. 1953)
• 1874 – Viggo Wiehe, Danish actor (d. 1956)
• 1878 – Stephen Timoshenko, Ukrainian-American engineer and academic (d. 1972)
• 1885 – Pierre Brissaud, French illustrator, painter, and engraver (d. 1964)
• 1896 – Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa, Italian lieutenant and author (d. 1957)
• 1900 – Merle Barwis, American-Canadian super-centenarian (d. 2014)
• 1900 – Otto Soglow, American cartoonist (d. 1975)
• 1902 – Norman Maclean, American author and academic (d. 1990)
• 1902 – Charan Singh, Indian lawyer and politician, 5th Prime Minister of India (d. 1987)
• 1907 – Manuel Lopes, Cape Verdean author and poet (d. 2005)
• 1907 – James Roosevelt, American general and politician (d. 1991)
• 1907 – Avraham Stern, Polish Zionist leader (d. 1942)
• 1908 – Yousuf Karsh, Armenian-Canadian photographer (d. 2002)
• 1910 – Kurt Meyer, German SS officer (d. 1961)
• 1911 – James Gregory, American actor (d. 2002)
• 1911 – Niels Kaj Jerne, English-Danish physician and immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994)
• 1911 – Marie Orav, Estonian chess player (d. 1994)
• 1916 – Dino Risi, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 2008)
• 1918 – José Greco, Italian-American dancer and choreographer (d. 2000)
• 1918 – Kumar Pallana, Indian-American actor (d. 2013)
• 1918 – Helmut Schmidt, German soldier, economist, and politician, 5th Chancellor of Germany (d. 2015)
• 1919 – Kenneth M. Taylor, American pilot and general (d. 2006)
• 1920 – Birger Malmsten, Swedish actor (d. 1991)
• 1921 – Guy Beaulne, Canadian actor and director (d. 2001)
• 1922 – Micheline Ostermeyer, French discus thrower, shot putter, and pianist (d. 2001)
• 1923 – Onofre Marimón, Argentinian race car driver (d. 1954)
• 1923 – Günther Schifter, Austrian journalist and radio host (d. 2008)
• 1923 – James Stockdale, American admiral and pilot, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2005)
• 1924 – Bob Kurland, American basketball player and politician (d. 2013)
• 1925 – Duncan Hallas, English author and politician (d. 2002)
• 1925 – Rayner Unwin, English publisher (d. 2000)
• 1926 – Robert Bly, American poet and author
• 1928 – Chronis Aidonidis, Greek singer
• 1929 – Chet Baker, American trumpet player and singer (d. 1988)
• 1929 – Ike Jones, American actor and producer (d. 2014)
• 1929 – Dick Weber, American bowler (d. 2005)
• 1931 – Patricia Hardy, American actress (d. 2011)
• 1931 – Ronnie Schell, American actor
• 1932 – Richard Clark Barkley, American soldier, academic, and diplomat, United States Ambassador to East Germany (d. 2015)
• 1933 – Akihito, Japanese emperor
• 1933 – Noella Leduc, American baseball player (d. 2014)
• 1935 – Paul Hornung, American football player and sportscaster
• 1935 – Abdul Ghani Minhat, Malaysian footballer and manager (d. 2012)
• 1935 – Esther Phillips, American singer (d. 1984)
• 1936 – Frederic Forrest, American actor
• 1937 – Avi, American author
• 1937 – Barney Rosenzweig, American screenwriter and producer
• 1937 – Nelson Shanks, American painter (d. 2015)
• 1938 – Bob Kahn, American computer scientist and engineer, co-developed the Transmission Control Protocol
• 1939 – Nancy Graves, American artist (d. 1995)
• 1939 – La Lupe, Cuban-American singer-songwriter (d. 1992)
• 1940 – Jorma Kaukonen, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Jefferson Airplane and Hot Tuna)
• 1940 – Robert Labine, Canadian politician
• 1940 – Eugene Record, American singer-songwriter and producer (The Chi-Lites) (d. 2005)
• 1941 – Peter Davis, English businessman
• 1941 – Tim Hardin, American singer-songwriter (d. 1980)
• 1941 – Serge Reding, Belgian weightlifter (d. 1975)
• 1942 – Quentin Bryce, Australian lawyer and politician, 25th Governor-General of Australia
• 1942 – John Peterman, American businessman, founded The J. Peterman Company
• 1943 – Ron Allen, American baseball player
• 1943 – Mikhail Leonidovich Gromov, Russian-French mathematician and academic
• 1943 – Elizabeth Hartman, American actress (d. 1987)
• 1943 – Harry Shearer, American actor, singer, producer, and screenwriter
• 1943 – Queen Silvia of Sweden
• 1944 – Wesley Clark, American general
• 1945 – Adly Mansour, Egyptian lawyer, judge, and politician, President of Egypt
• 1945 – Geoffrey Wheatcroft, English journalist and author
• 1946 – Edita Gruberová, Slovak soprano and actress
• 1946 – Susan Lucci, American actress
• 1946 – John Sullivan, English screenwriter, producer, and composer (d. 2011)
• 1946 – Ray Tabano, American guitarist (Aerosmith)
• 1947 – Graham Bonnet, English singer-songwriter (The Marbles, Rainbow, Anthem, and Michael Schenker Group)
• 1947 – Bill Rodgers, American runner
• 1947 – Lawrence Tanter, American basketball player and announcer for National Basketball Association
• 1948 – David Davis, English politician, Minister of State for Europe
• 1948 – Jim Ferguson, American guitarist, composer, and journalist
• 1948 – Jack Ham, American football player and sportscaster
• 1948 – Charles Herbert, American actor (d. 2015)
• 1948 – Rick Wohlhuter, American runner
• 1949 – Adrian Belew, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (King Crimson, Tom Tom Club, and The Bears)
• 1949 – Reinhold Weege, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2012)
• 1950 – Michael C. Burgess, American obstetrician and politician
• 1950 – Richard Dannatt, Baron Dannatt, English general
• 1950 – Vicente del Bosque, Spanish footballer and manager
• 1950 – Ilchi Lee, South Korean author and educator
• 1951 – Anthony Phillips, English guitarist and songwriter (Genesis)
• 1951 – Shōfukutei Tsurube II, Japanese actor and comedian
• 1952 – William Kristol, American journalist and publisher, founded The Weekly Standard
• 1953 – Andres Alver, Estonian architect
• 1953 – Gerrit W. Gong, American religious leader
• 1953 – Belinda Lang, English actress
• 1953 – Maria Vladimirovna, Grand Duchess of Russia
• 1954 – Raivo Järvi, Estonian radio host and politician (d. 2012)
• 1955 – Carol Ann Duffy, Scottish poet and playwright
• 1955 – Grace Knight, English singer (Eurogliders)
• 1956 – Michele Alboreto, Italian race car driver (d. 2001)
• 1956 – Dave Murray, English guitarist and songwriter (Iron Maiden and Urchin)
• 1957 – Dan Bigras, Canadian singer-songwriter and actor
• 1957 – Trisha Goddard, English television host and actress
• 1958 – Joan Severance, American model, actress, and producer
• 1958 – Victoria Williams, American singer-songwriter (Original Harmony Ridge Creekdippers)
• 1959 – Demet Akbağ, Turkish actress
• 1961 – Ezzat el Kamhawi, Egyptian journalist and author
• 1961 – Ketan J. Patel, Biologist at the University of Cambridge
• 1961 – Carol Smillie, Scottish model and actress
• 1961 – Lorna Tolentino, Filipino actress and producer
• 1962 – Bertrand Gachot, Belgian race car driver
• 1962 – Stefan Hell, Romanian-German physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1962 – Kang Je-gyu, South Korean director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1962 – Keiji Mutoh, Japanese wrestler and actor
• 1963 – Jim Harbaugh, American football player and coach
• 1963 – Jess Harnell, American singer-songwriter and voice actor (Rock Sugar)
• 1963 – Donna Tartt, American author
• 1963 – Ante Zelck, German businessman
• 1964 – Eddie Vedder, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Pearl Jam, Temple of the Dog, Bad Radio, and Hovercraft)
• 1966 – Badi Assad, Brazilian singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1967 – Carla Bruni, Italian-French singer-songwriter and model
• 1967 – Tim Fountain, English author and playwright
• 1967 – Otis Grant, Jamaican-Canadian boxer, coach, and manager
• 1968 – Lucy Bell, English-Australian actress
• 1968 – Karyn Bryant, American journalist, actress, producer, and screenwriter
• 1968 – Quincy Jones III, English-Swedish songwriter and producer
• 1968 – Barry Kooser, American painter and animator
• 1968 – Manuel Rivera-Ortiz, Puerto Rican-American photographer
• 1968 – Olga Shishigina, Kazakhstani hurdler
• 1968 – René Tretschok, German footballer and manager
• 1969 – Greg Biffle, American race car driver
• 1969 – Mary Boquitas, Mexican singer and actress
• 1969 – Martha Byrne, American actress, singer, producer, and screenwriter
• 1969 – Rodney Culver, American football player (d. 1996)
• 1969 – Rob Pelinka, American basketball player, agent, and lawyer
• 1970 – Catriona Le May Doan, Canadian speed skater and sportscaster
• 1970 – Raymont Harris, American football player
• 1970 – Karine Polwart, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Burns Unit, Malinky, and The Fruit Tree Foundation)
• 1970 – Holly Samos, English radio host
• 1971 – Corey Haim, Canadian-American actor and producer (d. 2010)
• 1971 – Jo Johnson, English banker, journalist, and politician
• 1971 – Michalis Klokidis, Greek footballer
• 1971 – Tara Palmer-Tomkinson, English model, actress, and author
• 1971 – Wim Vansevenant, Belgian cyclist
• 1971 – Masayoshi Yamazaki, Japanese singer-songwriter
• 1972 – Christian Potenza, Canadian actor and producer
• 1974 – Agustín Delgado, Ecuadorian footballer and politician
• 1974 – Mieszko Talarczyk, Polish-Swedish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Nasum and Genocide Superstars) (d. 2004)
• 1975 – Vadim Sharifijanov, Russian ice hockey player
• 1975 – Lady Starlight, American singer-songwriter
• 1976 – Joanna Hayes, American hurdler and coach
• 1976 – Brad Lidge, American baseball player
• 1976 – Dimitris Mavrogenidis, Uzbek-Greek footballer and manager
• 1976 – Jamie Noble, American wrestler and producer
• 1977 – Matt Baker, English television host
• 1977 – Alge Crumpler, American football player
• 1977 – Tore Johansen, Norwegian trumpeter and record producer (Inner Ear)
• 1977 – Jari Mäenpää, Finnish singer-songwriter and guitarist (Wintersun, Ensiferum, and Arthemesia)
• 1977 – Paul Shirley, American basketball player and blogger
• 1978 – Esthero, Canadian-American singer-songwriter and producer
• 1978 – Andra Davis, American football player
• 1978 – Jodie Marsh, English model and actress
• 1978 – Víctor Martínez, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1978 – Estella Warren, Canadian swimmer, model, and actress
• 1978 – Akiko Yada, Japanese actress
• 1979 – Summer Altice, American model and actress
• 1979 – Abraham Chebii, Kenyan runner
• 1979 – Scott Gomez, American ice hockey player
• 1979 – Holly Madison, American model and actress
• 1979 – Kenny Miller, Scottish footballer
• 1979 – Yukifumi Murakami, Japanese javelin thrower
• 1980 – Intira Jaroenpura, Thai actress
• 1980 – Lexi Love, American porn actress
• 1980 – Elvin Ng, Singaporean actor
• 1980 – Cody Ross, American baseball player
• 1980 – Kohei Yamamoto, Japanese actor
• 1981 – Beth, Spanish singer and actress
• 1981 – Maritza Correia, Puerto Rican-American swimmer
• 1981 – Yuriorkis Gamboa, Cuban boxer
• 1981 – Agnes Milowka, Polish-Australian diver, explorer, photographer, and author (d. 2011)
• 1981 – Mario Santana, Argentinian footballer
• 1982 – Brad Nelson, American baseball player
• 1982 – Thomas Rohregger, Austrian cyclist
• 1983 – Michael Chopra, English footballer
• 1983 – Lisa Dobriskey, English runner
• 1983 – Hanley Ramírez, Dominican baseball player
• 1984 – Dudu Aharon, Israeli singer-songwriter
• 1984 – Josh Satin, American baseball player
• 1984 – Sebastian Werle, German rugby player
• 1985 – Harry Judd, English drummer and songwriter (McFly and McBusted)
• 1985 – Luke O'Loughlin, Australian actor and singer
• 1986 – Beau Champion, Australian rugby player
• 1986 – T. J. Oshie, American ice hockey player
• 1986 – Noël Wells, American actress
• 1987 – Tommaso Bellazzini, Italian footballer
• 1987 – Thomas Bourgin, French motorcycle racer (d. 2013)
• 1987 – Owen Franks, New Zealand rugby player
• 1987 – Kana Kurashina, Japanese actress
• 1988 – Thomai Apergi, Greek singer
• 1988 – Eri Kamei, Japanese singer and actress (Morning Musume, Morning Musume Sakuragumi, and Tanpopo)
• 1988 – Yuka Kashino, Japanese singer and dancer (Perfume)
• 1988 – Eliana Ramos, Uruguayan model (d. 2007)
• 1989 – Liis Koger, Estonian painter and poet
• 1990 – Anna Maria Perez de Taglé, American actress and singer
• 1992 – Jeff Schlupp, German footballer
• 1993 – Ruriko Kojima, Japanese model and sportscaster

Deaths[edit]

• 484 – Huneric, Vandal king
• 668 – Mor Gabriel, Oriental Orthodox bishop and saint (b. 594)
• 679 – Dagobert II, Frankish king (b. 650)
• 761 – Gaubald, Frankish bishop (b. 700)
• 910 – Saint Naum, Bulgarian missionary and scholar (b. 830)
• 918 – Conrad I of Germany (b. 890)
• 1230 – Berengaria of Navarre (b. 1165)
• 1556 – Nicholas Udall, English cleric, playwright, and educator (b. 1504)
• 1568 – Roger Ascham, English educator and scholar (b. 1515)
• 1575 – Akiyama Nobutomo, Japanese samurai (b. 1531)
• 1588 – Henry I, Duke of Guise (b. 1550)
• 1631 – Michael Drayton, English poet and playwright (b. 1563)
• 1646 – François Maynard, French poet (b. 1582)
• 1652 – John Cotton, English-American minister and theologian (b. 1585)
• 1675 – Caesar, duc de Choiseul, French general and diplomat (b. 1602)
• 1722 – Pierre Varignon, French mathematician and academic (b. 1654)
• 1761 – Alastair Ruadh MacDonnell, Scottish spy (b. 1725)
• 1763 – Antoine François Prévost, French author (b. 1697)
• 1771 – Marie-Marguerite d'Youville, Canadian nun and saint, founded Grey Nuns (b. 1701)
• 1779 – Augustus Hervey, 3rd Earl of Bristol, English admiral and politician, Chief Secretary for Ireland (b. 1724)
• 1789 – Charles-Michel de l'Épée, French priest and educator (b. 1712)
• 1795 – Henry Clinton, English general and politician (b. 1730)
• 1805 – Pehr Osbeck, Swedish explorer and author (b. 1723)
• 1834 – Thomas Robert Malthus, English economist and demographer (b. 1766)
• 1884 – John Chisum, American businessman (b. 1824)
• 1902 – Frederick Temple, English archbishop and academic (b. 1821)
• 1912 – Otto Schoetensack, German anthropologist and academic (b. 1850)
• 1926 – Swami Shraddhanand, Indian monk, missionary, and educator (b. 1856)
• 1930 – Mustafa Fehmi Kubilay, Turkish lieutenant and educator (b. 1906)
• 1931 – Wilson Bentley, American meteorologist and photographer (b. 1865)
• 1939 – Anthony Fokker, Indonesian-Dutch pilot and engineer, designed the Fokker Dr.I and Fokker D.VII (b. 1890)
• 1946 – Kiki Preston, American heiress (b. 1898)
• 1946 – John A. Sampson, American gynecologist and academic (b. 1873)
• 1948 – Akira Mutō, Japanese general (b. 1883)
• 1948 – Hideki Tojo, Japanese general and politician, 40th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1884)
• 1950 – Vincenzo Tommasini, Italian composer (b. 1878)
• 1953 – Lavrentiy Beria, Georgian-Russian general and politician (b. 1899)
• 1954 – René Iché, French soldier and sculptor (b. 1897)
• 1961 – Carolyn Sherwin Bailey, American author (b. 1875)
• 1961 – Kurt Meyer, German SS officer (b. 1910)
• 1963 – Vida Hope, English actress (b. 1918)
• 1970 – Charles Ruggles, American actor and singer (b. 1886)
• 1970 – Aleksander Warma, Estonian lieutenant and politician (b. 1890)
• 1972 – Andrei Tupolev, Russian engineer, designed the Tupolev Tu-95 and Tupolev Tu-104 (b. 1888)
• 1973 – Charles Atlas, Italian-American bodybuilder (b. 1892)
• 1973 – Irna Phillips, American actress and writer (b. 1901)
• 1979 – Peggy Guggenheim, American-Italian art collector (b. 1898)
• 1982 – Jack Webb, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1920)
• 1983 – Colin Middleton, Irish painter and illustrator (b. 1910)
• 1984 – Joan Lindsay, Australian author (b. 1896)
• 1992 – Vincent Fourcade, French interior designer (b. 1934)
• 1992 – Eddie Hazel, American guitarist (Parliament-Funkadelic and The Parliaments) (b. 1950)
• 1992 – Vyacheslav Kurennoy, Russian water polo player (b. 1932)
• 1994 – Sebastian Shaw, English actor, director, and playwright (b. 1905)
• 1995 – Patric Knowles, English-American actor (b. 1911)
• 1997 – Stanley Cortez, American cinematographer (b. 1908)
• 1998 – Joe Orlando, Italian-American author and illustrator (b. 1927)
• 2000 – Billy Barty, American actor and singer (b. 1924)
• 2000 – Victor Borge, Danish-American actor, conductor, and pianist (b. 1909)
• 2000 – Noor Jehan, Pakistani actress and singer (b. 1926)
• 2001 – Bola Ige, Nigerian lawyer and politician, 3rd Governor of Oyo State (b. 1930)
• 2004 – P. V. Narasimha Rao, Indian lawyer and politician, 9th Prime Minister of India (b. 1921)
• 2005 – Lajos Baróti, Hungarian footballer and manager (b. 1914)
• 2005 – Norman D. Vaughan, American dog sled racer and explorer (b. 1905)
• 2006 – Charlie Drake, English actor, singer, and screenwriter (b. 1925)
• 2006 – Timothy J. Tobias, American pianist and composer (b. 1952)
• 2006 – Johnny Vincent, English footballer (b. 1947)
• 2007 – William Francis Ganong, Jr., American physiologist and academic (b. 1924)
• 2007 – Michael Kidd, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1915)
• 2007 – Oscar Peterson, Canadian pianist and composer (b. 1925)
• 2009 – Robert L. Howard, American colonel, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1939)
• 2009 – Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme, Tibetan general and politician (b. 1910)
• 2009 – Edward Schillebeeckx, Belgian theologian and academic (b. 1914)
• 2010 – Fred Hargesheimer, American soldier and pilot (b. 1916)
• 2010 – K. Karunakaran, Indian politician, 7th Chief Minister of Kerala (b. 1918)
• 2011 – Aydın Menderes, Turkish politician (b. 1946)
• 2012 – Anand Abhyankar, Indian actor (b. 1963)
• 2012 – Jean Harris, American educator and murderer (b. 1923)
• 2012 – Eduardo Maiorino, Brazilian mixed martial artist and kick-boxer (b. 1979)
• 2012 – Mike Scaccia, American guitarist (Ministry, Rigor Mortis, League of Blind Women, and Buck Satan and the 666 Shooters) (b. 1965)
• 2012 – Pedro Toledo, Puerto Rican police officer (b. 1943)
• 2012 – Evelyn Ward, American actress (b. 1923)
• 2013 – Stan Brooks; American radio broadcaster (b. 1927)
• 2013 – Chryssa, Greek-American sculptor (b. 1933)
• 2013 – Mikhail Kalashnikov, Russian general and weapons designer, designed the AK-47 rifle (b. 1919)
• 2013 – Yusef Lateef, American saxophonist, composer, and educator (b. 1920)
• 2013 – Ricky Lawson, American drummer and composer (Yellowjackets) (b. 1954)
• 2013 – José Ortiz, Spanish illustrator (b. 1932)
• 2013 – Vito Rizzuto, Italian-Canadian mob boss (b. 1945)
• 2013 – G. S. Shivarudrappa, Indian poet and educator (b. 1926)
• 2013 – Robert W. Wilson; American hedge fund manager, philanthropist and art collector (b. 1928)
• 2014 – K. Balachander, Indian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Jo Jo Benson, American singer (b. 1938)
• 2014 – Mike Elliott, English comedian and actor (b. 1946)
• 2014 – Edward Greenspan, Canadian lawyer and author (b. 1944)
• 2014 – Robert V. Hogg, American statistician and academic (b. 1924)
• 2014 – Jeremy Lloyd, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1930)