[edit]

• 1548 – The city of Nuestra Señora de La Paz (Our Lady of Peace) is founded by Alonso de Mendoza by appointment of the king of Spain and Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V.
• 1572 – Relief of Goes, Cristóbal de Mondragón with 3000 soldiers of the Spanish Tercios, release the siege of the city.
• 1720 – Caribbean pirate Calico Jack is captured by the Royal Navy.
• 1740 – Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony refuse to honour the Pragmatic Sanction and the War of the Austrian Succession begins.
• 1781 – Patent of Toleration, providing limited freedom of worship, is approved in Habsburg Monarchy.
• 1803 – The United States Senate ratifies the Louisiana Purchase.
• 1805 – General Mack's army surrender to Napoleon I at Ulm after a few skirmishes.
• 1818 – The Convention of 1818 signed between the United States and the United Kingdom which, among other things, settles the Canada–United States border on the 49th parallel for most of its length.
• 1827 – In the Battle of Navarino, a combined Turkish and Egyptian fleet is defeated by British, French, and Russian naval forces in the last significant battle fought with wooden sailing ships.
• 1873 – Yale, Princeton, Columbia, and Rutgers universities draft the first code of American football rules.
• 1883 – Peru and Chile sign the Treaty of Ancón, by which the Tarapacá province is ceded to the latter, bringing an end to Peru's involvement in the War of the Pacific.
• 1904 – Chile and Bolivia sign the Treaty of Peace and Friendship, delimiting the border between the two countries.
• 1910 – The hull of the RMS Olympic, sister-ship to the ill-fated RMS Titanic, is launched from the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
• 1935 – The Long March, a mammoth retreat undertaken by the armed forces of the Chinese Communist Party a year prior, ends.
• 1939 – Pope Pius XII publishes his first major encyclical entitled Summi Pontificatus.
• 1941 – World War II: Thousands of civilians in Kragujevac in German-occupied Serbia are murdered in the Kragujevac massacre.
• 1944 – The Soviet Army and Yugoslav Partisans liberate Belgrade, the capital of Yugoslavia
• 1944 – Liquified natural gas leaks from storage tanks in Cleveland, then explodes; the explosion and resulting fire level 30 blocks and kill 130.
• 1944 – American general Douglas MacArthur fulfills his promise to return to the Philippines when he commands an Allied assault on the islands, reclaiming them from the Japanese during the Second World War.
• 1946 – Government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam decides that October 20 is Vietnam Women's Day.
• 1947 – The House Un-American Activities Committee begins its investigation into Communist infiltration of Hollywood, resulting in a blacklist that prevents some from working in the industry for years.
• 1947 – United States of America and Islamic Republic of Pakistan establish diplomatic relations for the first time.
• 1951 – The "Johnny Bright incident" occurs in Stillwater, Oklahoma
• 1952 – Governor Evelyn Baring declares a state of emergency in Kenya and begins arresting hundreds of suspected leaders of the Mau Mau Uprising, including Jomo Kenyatta, the future first President of Kenya.
• 1961 – The Soviet Union performs the first armed test of a submarine-launched ballistic missile, launching an R-13 from a Golf-class submarine.
• 1962 – People's Republic of China launches simultaneous offensives in Ladakh and across the McMahon Line, igniting the Sino-Indian War.
• 1968 – Former First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy marries Greek shipping tycoon Aristotle Onassis.
• 1970 – Siad Barre declares Somalia a socialist state.
• 1971 – The Nepal Stock Exchange collapses.
• 1973 – "Saturday Night Massacre": United States President Richard Nixon fires U.S. Attorney General Elliot Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus after they refuse to fire Watergate special prosecutor Archibald Cox, who is finally fired by Robert Bork.
• 1973 – The Sydney Opera House opens.
• 1976 – The ferry George Prince is struck by a ship while crossing the Mississippi River between Destrehan and Luling, Louisiana. Seventy-eight passengers and crew die and only 18 people aboard the ferry survive.
• 1977 – Rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd's plane crashes.
• 1981 – Two police officers and an armored car guard are killed during an armed robbery in Rockland County, New York, carried out by members of the Black Liberation Army and Weather Underground.
• 1982 – During the UEFA Cup match between FC Spartak Moscow and HFC Haarlem, 66 people are crushed to death in the Luzhniki disaster.
• 1991 – The Oakland Hills firestorm kills 25 and destroys 3,469 homes and apartments, causing more than $2 billion in damage.
• 1991 – A 6.8 M_w earthquake strikes the Uttarkashi region of India, killing more than 1,000 people.
• 2011 – Libyan Civil War: National Transitional Council rebel forces capture ousted Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi in his hometown of Sirte and kill him shortly thereafter.

Births[edit]

• 1463 – Alessandro Achillini, Italian physician and philosopher (d. 1512)
• 1496 – Claude, Duke of Guise (d. 1550)
• 1616 – Thomas Bartholin, Danish physician, mathematician, and theologian (d. 1680)
• 1620 – Aelbert Cuyp, Dutch painter (d. 1691)
• 1632 – Christopher Wren, English architect, designed St Paul's Cathedral (d. 1723)
• 1660 – Robert Bertie, 1st Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven, English politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (d. 1723)
• 1677 – Stanisław I of Poland (d. 1766)
• 1700 – Charlotte Aglaé d'Orléans, French wife of Francesco III d'Este, Duke of Modena (d. 1761)
• 1711 – Timothy Ruggles, American lawyer, jurist, and politician, (d. 1795)
• 1719 – Gottfried Achenwall, German historian, economist, and jurist (d. 1772)
• 1740 – Isabelle de Charrière, Dutch author and poet (d. 1805)
• 1759 – Chauncey Goodrich, American lawyer and politician, 8th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut (d. 1815)
• 1780 – Pauline Bonaparte, French sister of Napoleon (d. 1825)
• 1784 – Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, English academic and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1865)
• 1785 – George Ormerod, English historian and author (d. 1873)
• 1790 – Patrick Matthew. Scottish originator of the first full and complete hypothesis of natural selection in 1831 (d. 1874)
• 1801 – Melchior Berri, Swiss architect, designed the Natural History Museum of Basel (d. 1854)
• 1808 – Karl Andree, German geographer and journalist (d. 1875)
• 1819 – Báb, Iranian religious leader, founded Bábism (d. 1850)
• 1819 – Karol Mikuli, Ukrainian-Polish pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1897)
• 1822 – Thomas Hughes, English lawyer, judge, and author (d. 1896)
• 1832 – Constantin Lipsius, German architect and theorist (d. 1894)
• 1854 – Arthur Rimbaud, French poet (d. 1891)
• 1858 – John Burns, English union leader and politician, President of the Board of Trade (d. 1943)
• 1859 – John Dewey, American psychologist and philosopher (d. 1952)
• 1864 – James F. Hinkle, American banker and politician, 6th Governor of New Mexico (d. 1951)
• 1873 – Nellie McClung, Canadian politician and activist (d. 1951)
• 1874 – Charles Ives, American composer (d. 1954)
• 1876 – Alexandre Pharamond, French rugby player (d. 1953)
• 1882 – Margaret Dumont, American actress and singer (d. 1965)
• 1882 – Bela Lugosi, Romanian-American actor (d. 1956)
• 1885 – Jelly Roll Morton, American pianist, composer, and bandleader (Red Hot Peppers and New Orleans Rhythm Kings) (d. 1941)
• 1887 – Prince Yasuhiko Asaka of Japan (d. 1981)
• 1889 – Johann Gruber, Austrian priest and saint (d. 1944)
• 1890 – Aleksander Maaker, Estonian bagpipe player (d. 1968)
• 1891 – Samuel Flagg Bemis, American historian and author (d. 1973)
• 1891 – James Chadwick, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974)
• 1893 – Charley Chase, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1940)
• 1894 – Olive Thomas, American model and actress (d. 1920)
• 1895 – Rex Ingram, American actor (d. 1969)
• 1895 – Frank Rowe, Australian public servant (d. 1958)
• 1897 – Yi Un, South Korean general (d. 1970)
• 1900 – Wayne Morse, American lawyer and politician (d. 1974)
• 1901 – Adelaide Hall, American-English singer, actress, and dancer (d. 1993)
• 1904 – Tommy Douglas, Scottish-Canadian minister and politician, 7th Premier of Saskatchewan (d. 1986)
• 1904 – Enolia McMillan, American educator and activist (d. 2006)
• 1904 – Anna Neagle, English actress, singer, and producer (d. 1986)
• 1905 – Arnold Luhaäär, Estonian weightlifter (d. 1965)
• 1907 – Arlene Francis, American actress and talk show host (d. 2001)
• 1909 – Carla Laemmle, American actress and photographer (d. 2014)
• 1909 – Yasushi Sugiyama, Japanese painter (d. 1993)
• 1910 – Chen Liting, Chinese director and playwright (d. 2013)
• 1910 – Hopper Read, English cricketer (d. 2000)
• 1910 – Bob Sheppard, American sportscaster (d. 2010)
• 1912 – Ruhi Su, Turkish opera singer, Turkish folk singer and saz virtuoso (d. 1985)
• 1913 – Grandpa Jones, American singer-songwriter and banjo player (d. 1998)
• 1913 – J. Michael Hagopian, Turkish-American director and producer (d. 2010)
• 1914 – Fayard Nicholas, American actor, dancer, and choreographer (d. 2006)
• 1917 – Stéphane Hessel, German-French diplomat and activist (d. 2013)
• 1917 – Jean-Pierre Melville, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1973)
• 1918 – Martin Drewes, German soldier and pilot (d. 2013)
• 1918 – Robert Lochner, American-German soldier and journalist (d. 2003)
• 1919 – Tracy Hall, American chemist and academic (d. 2008)
• 1920 – Nick Cardy, American illustrator (d. 2013)
• 1920 – Fanny de Sivers, Estonian-French linguist and academic (d. 2011)
• 1920 – Siddhartha Shankar Ray, Indian lawyer and politician, Chief Minister of West Bengal (d. 2010)
• 1921 – Hans Warren, Dutch poet and author (d. 2001)
• 1922 – John Anderson, American actor (d. 1992)
• 1922 – Franco Ventriglia, American opera singer (d. 2012)
• 1923 – Robert Craft, American conductor and musicologist
• 1924 – Robert Peters, American poet, playwright, and critic (d. 2014)
• 1925 – Art Buchwald, American soldier and journalist (d. 2007)
• 1925 – Tom Dowd, American record producer and engineer (d. 2002)
• 1925 – Roger Hanin, Algerian-French actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
• 1926 – Edward Douglas-Scott-Montagu, 3rd Baron Montagu of Beaulieu, English politician, founded the National Motor Museum (d. 2015)
• 1927 – Joyce Brothers, American psychologist, author, and actress (d. 2013)
• 1927 – Gunturu Seshendra Sarma, Indian poet and critic (d. 2007)
• 1928 – Michael O'Donnell, English physician, author, and journalist
• 1929 – Colin Jeavons, Welsh-English actor
• 1931 – Richard Caliguiri, American politician, 54th Mayor of Pittsburgh (d. 1988)
• 1931 – Mickey Mantle, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 1995)
• 1931 – Ken Morrison, English businessman
• 1932 – Rosey Brown, American football player and coach (d. 2004)
• 1932 – William Christopher, American actor and singer
• 1932 – Rokurō Naya, Japanese voice actor (d. 2014)
• 1934 – Bill Chase, American trumpet player (Chase) (d. 1974)
• 1934 – Eddie Harris, American saxophonist (d. 1996)
• 1934 – Empress Michiko of Japan
• 1934 – Timothy West, English actor
• 1935 – Barrie Chase, American actress and dancer
• 1935 – Jerry Orbach, American actor and singer (d. 2004)
• 1936 – Bobby Seale, American activist and cofounder of the Black Panther Party
• 1937 – Cancio Garcia, Filipino lawyer and jurist (d. 2013)
• 1937 – Wanda Jackson, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1937 – Juan Marichal, Dominican baseball player and sportscaster
• 1937 – Emma Tennant, English author
• 1938 – Emidio Greco, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 2012)
• 1938 – Iain Macmillan, Scottish photographer (d. 2006)
• 1939 – Patrick Hughes, English painter, illustrator, and photographer
• 1940 – Kathy Kirby, English singer (d. 2011)
• 1940 – Robert Pinsky, American poet and critic
• 1942 – Earl Hindman, American actor (d. 2003)
• 1942 – Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, German biologist and geneticist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1942 – Bart Zoet, Dutch cyclist (d. 1992)
• 1943 – Dunja Vejzović, Croatian soprano
• 1944 – Nalin de Silva, Sri Lankan physicist and philosopher
• 1944 – David Mancuso, American party planner, created The Loft
• 1946 – Diana Gittins, American-English sociologist, author, and academic
• 1946 – Lewis Grizzard, American comedian and author (d. 1994)
• 1946 – Elfriede Jelinek, Austrian author and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1946 – Richard Loncraine, English director and screenwriter
• 1946 – Lucien Van Impe, Belgian cyclist
• 1946 – Chris Woodhead, English civil servant and academic (d. 2015)
• 1948 – Sandra Dickinson, American-English actress
• 1948 – Piet Hein Donner, Dutch jurist and politician, Dutch Minister of Justice
• 1948 – Melih Gökçek, Turkish journalist and politician
• 1949 – Gina Pareño, Filipino actress
• 1950 – Tom Petty, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Mudcrutch, and Traveling Wilburys)
• 1950 – William Russ, American actor and director
• 1951 – Al Greenwood, American keyboard player (Foreigner)
• 1951 – Patrick Hall, English politician
• 1951 – Ken Ham, Australian-American evangelist
• 1951 – Leif Pagrotsky, Swedish politician
• 1951 – Claudio Ranieri, Italian footballer and manager
• 1952 – Melanie Mayron, American actress and director
• 1952 – Derek Ridgers, English photographer
• 1953 – Keith Hernandez, American baseball player, sportscaster, and actor
• 1953 – Richard McWilliam, American businessman, co-founded the Upper Deck Company (d. 2013)
• 1953 – Bill Nunn, American actor
• 1954 – Steve Orich, American composer and conductor
• 1955 – Thomas Newman, American composer and conductor
• 1955 – David Profumo, English author and academic
• 1955 – Aaron Pryor, American boxer
• 1955 – Robert ten Brink, Dutch television host
• 1956 – Danny Boyle, English director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1956 – Martin Taylor, English guitarist
• 1957 – Jane Bonham Carter, Baroness Bonham-Carter of Yarnbury, English politician
• 1957 – Chris Cowdrey, English cricketer and sportscaster
• 1957 – Susanna Haavisto, Finnish actress and singer
• 1957 – Hilda Solis, American academic and politician, 25th United States Secretary of Labor
• 1958 – Valerie Faris, American director and producer
• 1958 – Dave Finlay, Irish-American wrestler and agent
• 1958 – Lynn Flewelling, American author and academic
• 1958 – Scott Hall, American wrestler
• 1958 – Mark King, English singer-songwriter and bass player (Level 42 and Re-Flex)
• 1958 – Dave Krieg, American football player
• 1958 – Viggo Mortensen, American actor and producer
• 1958 – Ivo Pogorelić, Croatian pianist
• 1958 – Eric Scott, American actor
• 1959 – Mark Little, Australian comedian, actor, and screenwriter
• 1959 – Ole Hamre, Norwegian drummer (Fliflet/Hamre)
• 1959 – Koichi Kawanishi, Japanese drummer (Unicorn)
• 1960 – Konstantin Aseev, Russian chess player and trainer (d. 2004)
• 1960 – Lepa Brena, Bosnian singer and actress
• 1961 – Kate Mosse, English author and playwright
• 1961 – Ian Rush, Welsh footballer and manager
• 1961 – Les Stroud, Canadian director, producer, and harmonica player
• 1961 – Michie Tomizawa, Japanese voice actress and singer
• 1961 – Audun Kleive, Norwegian drummer (Generator X)
• 1962 – David M. Evans, American director and screenwriter
• 1962 – Dave Wong, Hong Kong-Taiwanese singer-songwriter and actor
• 1963 – Julie Payette, Canadian engineer and astronaut
• 1963 – Nikos Tsiantakis, Greek footballer
• 1963 – Stan Valckx, Dutch footballer and manager
• 1964 – Kamala Harris, American lawyer and politician, 32nd Attorney General of California
• 1964 – Tomoko Yamaguchi, Japanese actress and singer
• 1965 – Norman Blake, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (Teenage Fanclub, BMX Bandits, and Jonny)
• 1965 – Mikhail Shtalenkov, Russian ice hockey player
• 1965 – William Zabka, American actor and producer
• 1966 – Fred Coury, American drummer (Cinderella, London, and Arcade)
• 1966 – Allan Donald, South African cricketer and coach
• 1966 – Stefan Raab, German comedian, singer-songwriter, producer, and television host
• 1966 – Patrick Volkerding, American computer scientist, founded Slackware
• 1967 – Monica Ali, Bangladeshi-English author
• 1967 – Elizabeth Carling, English actress and singer
• 1967 – Luigi Lo Cascio, Italian actor
• 1967 – Luck Mervil, Haitian-Canadian singer-songwriter and actor
• 1967 – Marco Ngai, Taiwanese actor
• 1967 – Kerrod Walters, Australian rugby league player
• 1967 – Kevin Walters, Australian rugby league player and coach
• 1968 – Susan Tully, English actress, director, and producer
• 1969 – Laurie Daley, Australian rugby league player and coach
• 1969 – Juan González, Puerto Rican baseball player
• 1969 – Labros Papakostas, Greek high jumper
• 1970 – Sander Boschker, Dutch footballer
• 1970 – Chavo Guerrero, Jr., American wrestler
• 1970 – Neil Heywood, English-Chinese businessman (d. 2011)
• 1970 – Aapo Ilves, Estonian poet and illustrator
• 1970 – Michelle Malkin, American blogger and author
• 1971 – Snoop Dogg, American rapper, producer, and actor (Tha Eastsidaz and 213)
• 1971 – Eddie Jones, American basketball player
• 1971 – Kamiel Maase, Dutch runner
• 1971 – Dannii Minogue, Australian singer-songwriter and actress
• 1972 – Pie Geelen, Dutch swimmer
• 1972 – Will Greenwood, English rugby player and sportscaster
• 1972 – Brian Schatz, American politician, 11th Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii
• 1974 – Bashar Rahal, Emirati-American actor and producer
• 1975 – Sevinç Erbulak, Turkish actress
• 1976 – Nikolaos Bacharidis, Greek footballer
• 1976 – Dan Fogler, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1976 – Nicola Legrottaglie, Italian footballer and manager
• 1977 – Matt Jansen, English footballer
• 1977 – Leila Josefowicz, Canadian-American violinist
• 1977 – Erko Saviauk, Estonian footballer
• 1977 – Samuel Witwer, American actor and singer
• 1978 – Virender Sehwag, Indian cricketer
• 1978 – Paul Wilson, Scottish bass player and songwriter (Snow Patrol and Terra Diablo)
• 1979 – Vasyl Baranov, Ukrainian footballer
• 1979 – Paul Ifill, English footballer
• 1979 – John Krasinski, American actor, director, and producer
• 1979 – Paul O'Connell, Irish rugby player
• 1979 – Paul Terek, American decathlete
• 1980 – Gary Jarman, English singer-songwriter and bass player (The Cribs)
• 1980 – Niall Matter, Canadian actor
• 1980 – José Veras, Dominican baseball player
• 1981 – Dimitris Papadopoulos, Greek footballer
• 1981 – Francisco Javier Rodríguez, Mexican footballer
• 1982 – Kristian Bak Nielsen, Danish footballer
• 1982 – Becky Brewerton, Welsh golfer
• 1982 – Katie Featherston, American actress
• 1983 – Flavio Cipolla, Italian tennis player
• 1983 – Luis Saritama, Ecuadorian footballer
• 1983 – Michel Vorm, Dutch footballer
• 1983 – Takayuki Yamada, Japanese actor and singer
• 1984 – Mitch Lucker, American singer-songwriter (Suicide Silence and Commissioner) (d. 2012)
• 1984 – Florent Sinama Pongolle, French footballer
• 1984 – Andrew Trimble, Irish rugby player
• 1985 – Jennifer Freeman, American actress
• 1985 – Dominic McGuire, American basketball player
• 1985 – Alphonso Smith, American football player
• 1985 – James Sutton, English race car driver
• 1986 – Wanlop Saechio, Thai footballer
• 1987 – Raphael Hackl, German rugby player
• 1987 – Sanne Nijhof, Dutch model
• 1988 – Ma Long, Chinese table tennis player
• 1988 – Risa Niigaki, Japanese singer and actress (Morning Musume, Tanpopo, Sakuragumi, and Athena & Robikerottsu)
• 1988 – Candice Swanepoel, South African model
• 1989 – Jess Glynne, English singer-songwriter
• 1989 – Colin Wilson, Canadian-American ice hockey player
• 1992 – Mattia De Sciglio, Italian footballer
• 1992 – John Egan, Irish footballer
• 1992 – Kristian Ipsen, American diver
• 1992 – Liis Lemsalu, Estonian singer
• 1992 – Ksenia Semyonova, Russian gymnast
• 1992 – Ferhat Yazgan, Turkish footballer
• 1993 – Hunter King, American actress
• 1994 – Morgan Featherstone, Australian model
• 1994 – Corey Oates, Australian rugby league player
• 1995 – Zhenwei Wang, Chinese actor and martial artist

Deaths[edit]

• 460 – Aelia Eudocia, Byzantine wife of Theodosius II (b. 401)
• 1139 – Henry X, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1108)
• 1524 – Thomas Linacre, English physician and scholar (b. 1460)
• 1570 – João de Barros, Portuguese historian and author (b. 1496)
• 1631 – Michael Maestlin, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1550)
• 1640 – John Ball, English clergyman and theologian (b. 1585)
• 1652 – Antonio Coello, Spanish poet and playwright (b. 1611)
• 1713 – Archibald Pitcairne, Scottish physician and academic (b. 1652)
• 1740 – Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1685)
• 1842 – Grace Darling, English heroine (b. 1815)
• 1865 – Champ Ferguson, American guerrilla leader (b. 1821)
• 1870 – Michael William Balfe, Irish violinist and composer (b. 1808)
• 1871 – Karl Christian Ulmann, Latvian-German theologian and academic (b. 1793)
• 1890 – Richard Francis Burton, English-Italian geographer and explorer (b. 1821)
• 1900 – Naim Frashëri, Albanian poet and translator (b. 1846)
• 1907 – Said Pasha Kurd, Ottoman politician (b. 1834)
• 1910 – David B. Hill, American lawyer and politician, 29th Governor of New York (b. 1843)
• 1913 – William Clark, American archer (b. 1842)
• 1926 – Eugene V. Debs, American union leader and politician (b. 1855)
• 1935 – Arthur Henderson, Scottish-English politician, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1863)
• 1936 – Anne Sullivan, American educator (b. 1866)
• 1940 – Gunnar Asplund, Swedish architect, co-designed Skogskyrkogården (b. 1885)
• 1941 – Ken Farnes, English cricketer (b. 1911)
• 1946 – Piero Campelli, Italian footballer (b. 1893)
• 1947 – Gilbert Bougnol, French fencer (b. 1866)
• 1950 – Henry L. Stimson, American colonel, lawyer, and politician, 46th United States Secretary of State (b. 1867)
• 1953 – Werner Baumbach, German colonel and pilot (b. 1916)
• 1957 – Michalis Dorizas, Greek-American javelin thrower and football player (b. 1890)
• 1964 – Herbert Hoover, American engineer and politician, 31st President of the United States (b. 1874)
• 1967 – Shigeru Yoshida, Japanese politician, 32nd Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1878)
• 1968 – Bud Flanagan, English actor, singer, and screenwriter (b. 1896)
• 1972 – Harlow Shapley, American astronomer and academic (b. 1885)
• 1977 – Cassie Gaines, American singer (The Honkettes) (b. 1948)
• 1977 – Steve Gaines, American guitarist (Lynyrd Skynyrd and Detroit) (b. 1949)
• 1977 – Ronnie Van Zant, American singer-songwriter (Lynyrd Skynyrd) (b. 1948)
• 1978 – Gunnar Nilsson, Swedish race car driver (b. 1948)
• 1983 – Peter Dudley, English actor (b. 1935)
• 1983 – Yves Thériault, Canadian author (b. 1915)
• 1983 – Merle Travis, American country singer (b. 1917)
• 1984 – Carl Ferdinand Cori, Czech-American biochemist and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1896)
• 1984 – Paul Dirac, English-American physicist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1902)
• 1987 – Andrey Kolmogorov, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1903)
• 1988 – Sheila Scott, English aviatrix and author (b. 1922)
• 1989 – Anthony Quayle, English actor and director (b. 1913)
• 1990 – Joel McCrea, American actor and singer (b. 1905)
• 1992 – Werner Torkanowsky, German-American conductor (b. 1926)
• 1993 – Yasushi Sugiyama, Japanese painter (b. 1909)
• 1994 – Burt Lancaster, American actor, singer, and producer (b. 1913)
• 1995 – Christopher Stone, American actor (b. 1942)
• 1999 – Calvin Griffith, Canadian-American businessman (b. 1911)
• 1999 – Jack Lynch, Irish footballer, lawyer, and politician, 5th Taoiseach of Ireland (b. 1917)
• 2001 – Ted Ammon, American financier and banker (b. 1949)
• 2002 – Barbara Berjer, American actress (b. 1920)
• 2002 – Bernard Fresson, French actor (b. 1931)
• 2003 – Čkalja, Serbian actor and singer (b. 1924)
• 2003 – Jack Elam, American actor (b. 1918)
• 2004 – Anthony Hecht, American poet and educator (b. 1923)
• 2004 – Chuck Hiller, American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1934)
• 2004 – Tevfik Gelenbe, Turkish actor and comedian (b. 1931)
• 2005 – Shirley Horn, American singer and pianist (b. 1934)
• 2005 – Endon Mahmood, Malaysian wife of Abdullah Ahmad Badawi (b. 1941)
• 2005 – Eva Švankmajerová, Czech painter and poet (b. 1940)
• 2005 – André van der Louw, Dutch politician, 16th Mayor of Rotterdam (b. 1933)
• 2006 – Arnold Viiding, Estonian shot putter and discus thrower (b. 1911)
• 2006 – Jane Wyatt, American actress and singer (b. 1910)
• 2007 – Max McGee, American football player and sportscaster (b. 1932)
• 2007 – Helend Peep, Estonian actor (b. 1910)
• 2007 – Paul Raven, English bass player (Killing Joke, Prong, Ministry, Society 1, Godflesh, and Zilch) (b. 1961)
• 2008 – Gene Hickerson, American football player (b. 1935)
• 2010 – Bob Guccione, American publisher, founded Penthouse magazine (b. 1930)
• 2010 – Eva Ibbotson, Austrian-English author (b. 1925)
• 2010 – Max Kohnstamm, Dutch historian and diplomat (b. 1914)
• 2010 – Farooq Leghari, Pakistani politician, 8th President of Pakistan (b. 1940)
• 2010 – Parthasarathy Sharma, Indian cricketer (b. 1948)
• 2011 – Muammar Gaddafi, Libyan colonel and politician, Prime Minister of Libya (b. 1942)
• 2011 – Mutassim Gaddafi, Libyan colonel (b. 1977)
• 2011 – Abu-Bakr Yunis Jabr, Libyan politician (b. 1942)
• 2012 – Przemysław Gintrowski, Polish poet and composer (b. 1951)
• 2012 – Paul Kurtz, American philosopher and academic (b. 1925)
• 2012 – Dave May, American baseball player (b. 1943)
• 2012 – John McConnell, American activist, created Earth Day (b. 1915)
• 2012 – E. Donnall Thomas, American physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1920)
• 2012 – Raymond Watson, American businessman (b. 1926)
• 2013 – Leon Ashley, American singer-songwriter (b. 1936)
• 2013 – Jovanka Broz, Croatian-Serbian colonel (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Don James, American football player and coach (b. 1932)
• 2013 – Lawrence Klein, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1920)
• 2013 – Joginder Singh, Kenyan race car driver (b. 1932)
• 2013 – Larri Thomas, American actress and dancer (b. 1932)
• 2013 – Sid Yudain, American journalist, founded Roll Call (b. 1923)
• 2014 – Ox Baker, American wrestler and actor (b. 1934)
• 2014 – Gerd Bonk, German weightlifter (b. 1951)
• 2014 – René Burri, Swiss photographer and journalist (b. 1933)
• 2014 – L. M. Kit Carson, American actor, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1941)
• 2014 – Oscar de la Renta, Dominican-American fashion designer (b. 1932)
• 2014 – Christophe de Margerie, French businessman (b. 1951)
• 2014 – Gary Plauche, American murderer (b. 1945)

Brussels Airlines: Νέος παίχτης στις πτήσεις εσωτερικού της Ελλάδας

Ηαποκρατικοποίηση της Ολυμπιακής φαίνεται ότι είχε αποτέλεσμα δημιουργώντας ένα πιο ανταγωνιστικό τοπίο, τουλάχιστον για τους βασικούς και τουριστικούς προορισμούς της χώρας. Έτσι μετά την έλευση της Ryanair που δημιούργησε αρκετές βάσεις ανά την χώρα και εισήλθε και σε αρκετές πτήσεις εσωτερικού.

Τα βήματα της ακολούθησε η ιταλική Volotea η οποία ένωσε την  Αθήνα με Μύκονο, Μυτιλήνη και  Σαντορίνηκαι πρόσφατα την  Θεσσαλονίκη με την  Αθήνα ενώνει σε σταθερή βάση η Ellinair που αρχικά είχε ξεκινήσει με σκοπό την σύνδεση τουριστικών προορισμών της Ελλάδας με χώρες της Ανατολικής  Ευρώπης.

Σήμερα στις παραπάνω έρχεται να προστεθεί η  Brussels Airlines, ο μεγαλύτερος αερομεταφορέας του Βελγίου που πετάει ήδη σε 75 προορισμούς σε  Ευρώπη, Βόρεια Αμερική και  Αφρική. Από την περίοδο του Πάσχα θα πετάει δύο φορές την εβδομάδα προς  Ηράκλειο, κάθε Τρίτη και Σάββατο από  Βρυξέλλες. Σε αυτές τις πτήσεις θα υπάρχει ενδιάμεση στάση στην  Αθήνα όπου θα υπάρχει δυνατότητα επιβίβασης επιβατών συνδέοντας έτσι το Ελευθέριος Βενιζέλος με το Νίκος Καζαντζάκης. Αντίστοιχα με την σύνδεση αυτή η σύνδεση της  Αθήνας με της  Αθήνας με τις  Βρυξέλλες γίνεται σχεδόν καθημερινή την καλοκαιρινή περίοδο.

Στην σύνδεση της  Αθήνας με το  Ηράκλειο δραστηριοποιείται σε καθημερινή βάση με τουλάχιστον δύο πτήσεις η Aegean ενώ πιο αραιή είναι η σύνδεση (μία με δύο πτήσεις την εβδομάδα) της Ellinair και της Sky Express.

Αφιέρωμα στον Αρνό Ντεπλεσάν από το Φεστιβάλ Κινηματογράφου Θεσσαλονίκης

Από την ταινία «My Golden Years»  

Αφιέρωμα στον γάλλο σκηνοθέτη Αρνό Ντεπλεσάν πραγματοποιεί το 56ο Φεστιβάλ Κινηματογράφου Θεσσαλονίκης που πραγματοποιείται από τις 6 έως τις 15 Νοεμβρίου.

Η ταινία του Ντεπλεσάν My Golden Years θα κλείσει την αυλαία του Φεστιβάλ, ενώ το 56ο ΦΚΘ διοργανώνει ένα αφιέρωμα στο νέο αυστριακό σινεμά.

Το My Golden Years (2015) που θα κλείσει την οργάνωση αποτελεί μια ελεγεία για τη νεότητα και απέσπασε το βραβείο SACD στο Δεκαπενθήμερο των Σκηνοθετών στο τελευταίο Φεστιβάλ Κανών.

Ο Ντεπλεσάν, θα παραβρεθεί στη διοργάνωση για να παρουσιάσει τις ταινίες του και να δώσει ένα masterclass.

Ταυτόχρονα, το spotlight στο νέο αυστριακό σινεμά, συστήνει νέους κινηματογραφιστές που ακολουθώντας το μονοπάτι του ρεαλισμού, καταγράφουν οριακές ανθρώπινες και κοινωνικές καταστάσεις, χωρίς διάθεση ωραιοποίησης, προσεγγίζοντας συχνά τη σκοτεινή πλευρά των συναισθημάτων.

Αφιέρωμα στον Αρνό Ντεπλεσάν

«Οι ταινίες είναι χυδαίες. Κι αυτή τη χυδαιότητα, την αγαπάω. Είναι ανεκτίμητη» είχε δηλώσει κάποτε ο Ντεπλεσάν.

Στην τελευταία του ταινία, ο σκηνοθέτης συναντά ξανά έναν παλιό του ήρωα, τον καθηγητή Πολ Ντενταλούς, ο οποίος  φεύγοντας από το Τατζικιστάν θυμάται ανθρώπους και εικόνες που τον στιγμάτισαν. Από την παιδική του ηλικία, και τη μητέρα του, την εφηβεία και τον απαρηγόρητο χήρο πατέρα του, ως τους φίλους, το μέντορά του και τον μεγάλο έρωτα της ζωής του.

Στο Φεστιβάλ θα προβληθούν συνολικά επτά ταινίες, οι οποίες παρουσιάζουν τις πιο χαρακτηριστικές στιγμές στη φιλμογραφία του.

Ο Αρνό Ντεπλεσάν –σκηνοθέτης, σεναριογράφος και διευθυντής φωτογραφίας- γεννήθηκε στο Ρουμπέ της Γαλλίας το 1960. Σπούδασε κινηματογράφο στη Σορβόννη και μετέπειτα στο ινστιτούτο IDHEC (σημερινή La Fémis) στο Παρίσι. Τη δεκαετία του ’80 εργάστηκε ως διευθυντής φωτογραφίας, και μεταξύ άλλων, υπέγραψε -μαζί με τον Άρη Σταύρου- τη Φωτογραφία του Νίκου Παπατάκη.

Το 1991 πραγματοποίησε το κινηματογραφικό του ντεμπούτο, με την ταινία μεσαίου μήκους La Vie de Morts, φιλμ που τον καθιέρωσε για το ιδιαίτερο ύφος και τη θεματολογία που εκφράζεται μέσα από επαναλαμβανόμενα μοτίβα, φιλοσοφικές αναζητήσεις και την ανθρώπινη ιδιοσυγκρασία σε πρώτο πλάνο. Σε όλη την πορεία του, ο σκηνοθέτης δεν παραμένει συνεπής μόνο στη γλώσσα και το ύφος, αλλά και στους ηθοποιούς οι οποίοι ενσαρκώνουν διαχρονικά τους πληθωρικούς ήρωές του. Ο Ματιέ Αμαλρίκ, η Εμανουέλ Ντεβός και η Κατρίν Ντενέβ παραμένουν ανάμεσα στους σταθερούς συνεργάτες του Ντεπλεσάν.

Η πρώτη μεγάλου μήκους ταινία του La Sentinelle (1992), ένα θρίλερ που ανατέμνει τον Ψυχρό Πόλεμο και τις πρακτικές του, έφερε τον Ντεπλεσάν στο προσκήνιο μιας νέας γενιάς γάλλων κινηματογραφιστών που παρά τις επιρροές που δέχτηκαν από τη Νουβέλ Βαγκ, ανανέωσαν το γαλλικό σινεμά, καταθέτοντας τη δική τους προσωπική γραφή.

Το 1996, η δραματική κομεντί My Sex Life... or How I Got into an Argument (βραβείο Σεζάρ για ανερχόμενο ηθοποιό στον Ματιέ Αμαλρίκ) ακολουθεί τον νεαρό καθηγητή Πολ Ντενταλούς, έναν αμετανόητο ρομαντικό που λατρεύει τις γυναίκες. Ο Ντεπλεσάν δίνει χώρο στις αισθήσεις, προσπαθώντας να αιχμαλωτίσει μυρωδιές, ήχους, την αφή του ανθρώπινου σώματος, καθώς ο ήρωάς του δίνει διαρκείς μάχες με το γυναικείο φύλο.

Στο Kings and Queen (2004) η Εμανουέλ Ντεβός είναι η Νόρα και ο Ματιέ Αμαλρίκ ο Ισμαέλ. Έχουν χωρίσει κι ο Ντεπλεσάν παρακολουθεί σε παράλληλη δράση τις ζωές τους. Εκείνη αντιμετωπίζει την ασθένεια του πατέρα της, τις δυσκολίες του γιου της, την απομακρυσμένη αδερφή της. Εκείνος βρίσκεται εσώκλειστος σε ένα ψυχιατρείο ύστερα από παρέμβαση της οικογένειάς του. Η ταινία μέσα από μια παράδοξη πορεία γεμάτη σαρκασμό και χιούμορ, καταρρίπτει τους μύθους που χτίζουμε οι ίδιοι γύρω απ’ τη ζωή μας.

Στην ταινία A Christmas Tale (2008) ο Ντεπλεσάν στήνει ένα γαϊτανάκι χαρακτήρων και εξερευνά τις εξαιρετικά εύθραυστες, αλλά και ανθεκτικές οικογενειακές σχέσεις. Ο Ρότζερ Ίμπερτ είχε συνοψίσει σε μια φράση την καρδιά της ταινίας: «Το A Christmas Tale κάνει πατινάζ σε λεπτό πάγο, πάνω σε μια λίμνη γεμάτη ανθρώπους, φτάνει με ασφάλεια στην απέναντι άκρη και μοιράζεται ένα φλιτζάνι ζεστό κακάο και ζαχαρωτά με το Θάνατο».

Το 2013 ο σκηνοθέτης υπογράφει το Jimmy P: Psychotherapy of a Plains Indian, βασισμένο στην αληθινή ιστορία που καταγράφει στο βιβλίο του «Reality and dream: Psychotherapy of a Plains Indian» (1951) o γάλλος ανθρωπολόγος και ψυχαναλυτής Ζορζ Ντεβερό (το όνομά του διατρέχει τη φιλμογραφία του Ντεπλεσάν). Κεντρικός ήρωας είναι ο Ινδιάνος Τζίμι Πικάρντ, βετεράνος του ΄Β Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου, ο οποίος στη διάρκεια του εγκλεισμού του σε στρατιωτική ψυχιατρική κλινική το 1948 βρίσκει τη λύτρωση μέσα από την συνάντησή του με τον Ντεβερό. Ο Μπενίσιο Ντελ Τόρο ερμηνεύει τον Τζίμι Π. και ο Ματιέ Αμαλρίκ τον Ντεβερό.

Spotlight στο νέο αυστριακό σινεμά

Το 56ο Φεστιβάλ Κινηματογράφου Θεσσαλονίκης πραγματοποιεί αφιέρωμα στο νέο αυστριακό σινεμά, προβάλλοντας ταινίες που εστιάζουν στις ανθρώπινες σχέσεις, την οικογένεια, σε περιθωριοποιημένες ομάδες, στον καταναλωτισμό και τη μετανάστευση, με ειλικρίνεια και έναν υπόγειο, αλλά σαφή σχολιασμό.

Χαρακτηριστική είναι η ταινία One of Us του Στέφαν Ρίχτερ. Εμπνευσμένη από ένα αληθινό περιστατικό, στήνει το σκηνικό της στα περίχωρα της Βιέννης, όπου νέοι των εργατικών συνοικιών ξοδεύουν τη ζωή τους ανάμεσα στα ναρκωτικά, τις μικροαπατεωνιές και τα πρώτα ερωτικά σκιρτήματα. Στέκι τους είναι ο προαύλιος χώρος ενός σουπερμάρκετ. Η αφθονία στα ράφια που κυριαρχεί στις εικόνες του Ρίχτερ έρχεται σε αντιδιαστολή με τη στέρηση που βιώνουν οι ήρωες, μια αντίθεση που σύντομα θα οδηγήσει στην τραγωδία. Ο καταναλωτισμός, η αστυνομική βία, αλλά και η εφηβική ψυχοσύνθεση που αντιδρά σε κάθε μορφής εξουσία, είναι στοιχεία που μορφοποιούν το φιλμ του αυστριακού σκηνοθέτη και δημιουργούν το εκρηκτικό μείγμα του φινάλε.

Βασισμένη στο ομώνυμο μυθιστόρημα της Κορνέλια Τραβνίτσεκ, η ταινία Chucks των Σαμπίνε Χιέμπλερ και Γκέρχαρντ Ερτλ αφηγείται μια ιστορία ενηλικίωσης με κεντρική ηρωίδα, τη νεαρή Μέι η οποία περιφέρεται στους δρόμους της Βιέννης φορώντας τα παπούτσια του νεκρού αδερφού της. Ζωγραφίζει γκράφιτι, κάνει μικροκλοπές, επαιτεία, πίνει μπύρες, συχνάζει σε κακόφημες γειτονιές. Μέχρι τη στιγμή που τη συλλαμβάνουν, τη στέλνουν να εκτίσει την ποινή της με κοινωνική εργασία σε ένα κέντρο για τους φορείς του ιού HIV και γνωρίζει τον νεαρό Πολ. Οι σκηνοθέτες μιλούν για τη ζωή, την απώλεια και την αυτογνωσία με τρυφερότητα, ενώ το εξαιρετικό σάουντρακ υπογραμμίζει την –πολλές φορές επώδυνη- περίοδο μετάβασης στον κόσμο των μεγάλων.

Μια διαφορετική ερωτική ιστορία, το Gruber is Leaving της Μαρί Κράουτσερ ακτινογραφεί το σύγχρονο ανθρώπινο τοπίο μιας ολόκληρης γενιάς στη σημερινή Αυστρία. Ο 35χρονος Τζον Γκρούμπερ, επιτυχημένος, εγωκεντρικός, μοιράζεται τη ζωή του στα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης, με χιλιάδες φίλους και στ’ αλήθεια, με ελάχιστους. Χλευάζει την οικογενειακή ζωή, τις παραδοσιακές σχέσεις των ανθρώπων, ενώ ανυψώνει μόνο όσα συντηρούν το κοινωνικό του status. Αυτή η βιτρίνα καταρρέει όταν μαθαίνει ότι είναι σοβαρά άρρωστος. Η σκηνοθέτης παρουσιάζει μια εικόνα με την οποία οι νέοι στον δυτικό κόσμο είναι ιδιαιτέρως εξοικειωμένοι, την ίδια στιγμή όμως την αποδομεί, αποκαλύπτοντας πως πίσω απ’ την προσποίηση κρύβονται αδυναμίες, φόβοι και μια κραυγή για ανθρώπινη επαφή. 

Η Μπάρμπαρα Έντερ φέρνει στην επιφάνεια όσα συμβαίνουν πίσω απ’ τις κάμερες των πολεμικών ανταποκριτών στο φιλμ Thank you for Bombing. Μέσα από την καθημερινότητα τριών απεσταλμένων στο Αφγανιστάν, η ταινία υμνεί το ένστικτο για αλήθεια και δικαιοσύνη, ενώ καυτηριάζει τη διαφθορά και τις μηχανορραφίες της διεθνούς πολιτικής σκηνής και τη μανία των μέσων ενημέρωσης για τους δείκτες θεαματικότητας. Όμως κέντρο βάρους της Μπάρμπαρα Έντερ είναι η ίδια η ανθρώπινη ιδιοσυγκρασία σε ακραίες καταστάσεις. Οι τραυματικές εμπειρίες των ανταποκριτών αντανακλούνται στους δυνατούς και την ίδια στιγμή εύθραυστους χαρακτήρες τους, ενώ η ταινία αναδεικνύει και τους καθοριστικούς ρόλους αυτών των ανθρώπων στις παγκόσμιες πολιτικές κρίσεις.

Το ψυχολογικό θρίλερ Jack της Ελίζαμπεθ Σαράνγκ ανοίγει την υπόθεση του αυστριακού κατά συρροή δολοφόνου Τζακ Ούντερβίγκερ, ο οποίος στη διάρκεια του 15ετούς εγκλεισμού του για το φόνο ενός κοριτσιού, άρχισε να γράφει ποιήματα, τα οποία εξέδωσε όταν αποφυλακίστηκε. Η φήμη που κέρδισε στους λογοτεχνικούς κύκλους της Βιέννης έθρεψε τη σκοτεινή πλευρά του και τον οδήγησε στους φόνους έντεκα γυναικών σε Ευρώπη και Αμερική. Σε μια υπόθεση που παρέμεινε ένα αίνιγμα μέχρι τέλους, η σκηνοθέτιδα χειρίζεται τον χαρακτήρα της με αποστασιοποιημένη ματιά, αφήνοντας τον θεατή να βγάλει τα συμπεράσματά του.

Η αφίσα του Φεστιβάλ

Παράλληλα, το Φεστιβάλ παρουσίασε την αφίσα του, την οποία σχεδίασε η ομάδα meandyou communication design.

Η ιδέα πίσω από την αφίσα είχε ως εξής: «Κάθε άνθρωπος είναι διαφορετικός, κάθε άνθρωπος διαγράφει, με την πορεία του, ένα κύκλο ζωής. Όπως οι περισσότερες μορφές τέχνης, έτσι και ο κινηματογράφος, αντιγράφουν την ίδια την ζωή, την κοινωνία, την φύση και τους ανθρώπους. Για την αποτύπωση της αφίσας προσπαθήσαμε να αποδώσουμε την πορεία του κάθε ανθρώπου με ένα κύκλο. Η παρουσία των ανθρώπων σε μια κινηματογραφική αίθουσα σίγουρα δεν τους ενώνει απόλυτα αλλά συμβάλει, έστω και για λίγο, σε κοινές εικόνες, σκέψεις και συναισθήματα. Ακόμα και αν αυτά από άνθρωπο σε άνθρωπο διαφέρουν. Για κάποιες στιγμές είναι όλοι τους εκεί προσηλωμένοι στην μεγάλη οθόνη.»

Θα βρέξει αστέρια αύριο

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• 1096 – People's Crusade: The Turkish army successfully fight off the People's Army of the West.
• 1097 – First Crusade: Crusaders led by Godfrey of Bouillon, Bohemund of Taranto, and Raymond IV of Toulouse, begin the Siege of Antioch.
• 1209 – Otto IV is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III.
• 1392 – Nanboku-chō, Japan: Emperor Go-Kameyama abdicates in favor of rival claimant Go-Komatsu.
• 1512 – Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg.
• 1520 – Ferdinand Magellan discovers a strait now known as Strait of Magellan.
• 1520 – João Álvares Fagundes discovers the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, bestowing them their original name of "Islands of the 11,000 Virgins".
• 1600 – Tokugawa Ieyasu defeats the leaders of rival Japanese clans in the Battle of Sekigahara, which marks the beginning of the Tokugawa shogunate that in effect rules Japan until the mid-nineteenth century.
• 1774 – First display of the word "Liberty" on a flag, raised by colonists in Taunton, Massachusetts in defiance of British rule in Colonial America.
• 1797 – In Boston Harbor, the 44-gun United States Navy frigate USS Constitution is launched.
• 1805 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Trafalgar: A British fleet led by Vice Admiral Lord Nelson defeats a combined French and Spanish fleet off the coast of Spain under Admiral Villeneuve, signaling almost the end of French maritime power and leaves Britain's navy unchallenged until the 20th century.
• 1816 – The Penang Free School is founded in George Town, Penang, Malaysia, by the Rev Hutchings, the oldest English-language school in Southeast Asia.
• 1824 – Joseph Aspdin patents Portland cement.
• 1854 – Florence Nightingale and a staff of 38 nurses are sent to the Crimean War.
• 1861 – American Civil War: Battle of Ball's Bluff: Union forces under Colonel Edward Baker are defeated by Confederate troops in the second major battle of the war. Baker, a close friend of Abraham Lincoln, is killed in the fighting.
• 1867 – Manifest Destiny: Medicine Lodge Treaty: Near Medicine Lodge, Kansas a landmark treaty is signed by southern Great Plains Indian leaders. The treaty requires Native American Plains tribes to relocate to a reservation in western Oklahoma.
• 1879 – Thomas Edison invents a workable electric light bulb at his laboratory in Menlo Park, N.J. which was tested the next day and lasted 13.5 hours. This would be the invention of the first commercially practical incandescent light. Popular belief is that he invented the first light bulb, which he did not.
• 1888 – Foundation of the Swiss Social Democratic Party.
• 1892 – Opening ceremonies for the World's Columbian Exposition are held in Chicago, though because construction was behind schedule, the exposition did not open until May 1, 1893.
• 1895 – The Republic of Formosa collapses as Japanese forces invade.
• 1902 – In the United States, a five-month strike by United Mine Workers ends.
• 1910 – HMS Niobe arrives in Halifax Harbour to become the first ship of the Royal Canadian Navy.
• 1912 – First Balkan War: Kardzhali is liberated by Bulgarian forces.
• 1921 – President Warren G. Harding delivers the first speech by a sitting U.S. President against lynching in the deep South.
• 1921 – George Melford's silent film, The Sheik, starring Rudolph Valentino, premiers.
• 1931 – The Sakurakai, a secret society in the Imperial Japanese Army, launches an abortive coup d'état attempt.
• 1940 – The first edition of the Ernest Hemingway novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is published.
• 1941 – World War II: In Kragujevac, Serbia, German Wehrmacht soldiers butcher about 7,000 citizens, including schoolchildren and professors.
• 1943 – The Provisional Government of Free India is formally declared by Subhas Chandra Bose.
• 1944 – World War II: The first kamikaze attackL A Japanese fighter plane carrying a 200-kilogram (440 lb) bomb attacks HMAS Australia off Leyte Island, as the Battle of Leyte Gulf began.
• 1944 – World War II: Nemmersdorf massacre against the German civilians takes place.
• 1944 – World War II: Battle of Aachen: The city of Aachen falls to American forces after three weeks of fighting, making it the first German city to fall to the Allies.
• 1945 – Women's suffrage: Women are allowed to vote in France for the first time.
• 1950 – Korean War: Heavy fighting begins between British and Australian forces from the 27th British Commonwealth Brigade and the North Korean 239th Regiment during the Battle of Yongju.
• 1956 – Mau Mau Uprising: Kenyan rebel leader Dedan Kimathi is captured by the British Army, signalling the ultimate defeat of the rebellion, and essentially ending the British military campaign.
• 1959 – In New York City, the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, opens to the public.
• 1959 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs an executive order transferring Wernher von Braun and other German scientists from the United States Army to NASA.
• 1965 – Comet Ikeya-Seki approaches perihelion, passing 450,000 kilometers (279,617 miles) from the sun.
• 1966 – Aberfan disaster: A slag heap collapses on the village of Aberfan in Wales, killing 144 people, mostly schoolchildren.
• 1967 – Vietnam War: More than 100,000 war protesters gather in Washington, D.C.. A peaceful rally at the Lincoln Memorial is followed by a march to The Pentagon and clashes with soldiers and United States Marshals protecting the facility. Similar demonstrations occurred simultaneously in Japan and Western Europe.
• 1969 – A coup d'état in Somalia brings Siad Barre to power and establishes a socialist republic in Somalia.
• 1971 – A gas explosion kills 22 people at a shopping center in Clarkston, East Renfrewshire, near Glasgow, Scotland.
• 1973 – John Paul Getty III's ear is cut off by his kidnappers and sent to a newspaper in Rome; it doesn't arrive until November 8.
• 1973 – Fred Dryer of the then Los Angeles Rams becomes the first player in NFL history to score two safeties in the same game.
• 1977 – The European Patent Institute is founded.
• 1978 – Australian civilian pilot Frederick Valentich vanishes in a Cessna 182 over the Bass Strait south of Melbourne, after reporting contact with an unidentified aircraft.
• 1979 – Moshe Dayan resigns from the Israeli government because of strong disagreements with Prime Minister Menachem Begin over policy towards the Arabs.
• 1981 – Andreas Papandreou becomes Prime Minister of Greece, ending an almost 50-year-long system of power dominated by conservative forces.
• 1983 – The metre is defined at the seventeenth General Conference on Weights and Measures as the distance light travels in a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second.
• 1986 – In Lebanon, pro-Iran kidnappers claim to have abducted American writer Edward Tracy (he is released in August 1991).
• 1987 – Jaffna hospital massacre is carried out by Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka killing 70 ethnic Tamil patients, doctors and nurses.
• 1994 – North Korea nuclear weapons program: North Korea and the United States sign an agreement that requires North Korea to stop its nuclear weapons program and agree to inspections.
• 1994 – In Seoul, 32 people are killed when the Seongsu Bridge collapses.
• 2005 – Images of the dwarf planet Eris are taken and subsequently used in documenting its discovery by the team of Michael E. Brown, Chad Trujillo, and David L. Rabinowitz.
• 2012 – A shooting at a spa in Brookfield, Wisconsin, leaves four people dead, including the shooter.
• 2013 – Record smog closes schools, roadways, and the airport in Harbin, China.

Births[edit]

• 1328 – Hongwu Emperor of China (d. 1398)
• 1449 – George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence, Irish-English son of Cecily Neville, Duchess of York (d. 1478)
• 1527 – Louis I, Cardinal of Guise (d. 1578)
• 1581 – Domenichino, Italian painter (d. 1641)
• 1650 – Jean Bart, French admiral (d. 1702)
• 1675 – Emperor Higashiyama of Japan (d. 1710)
• 1687 – Nicolaus I Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician and theorist (d. 1759)
• 1712 – James Steuart, Scottish economist and author (d. 1780)
• 1725 – Franz Moritz von Lacy, Austrian field marshal (d. 1801)
• 1757 – Pierre Augereau, French general (d. 1816)
• 1762 – Herman Willem Daendels, Dutch general, lawyer, and politician, 36th Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (d. 1818)
• 1772 – Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English poet, philosopher, and critic (d. 1834)
• 1775 – Giuseppe Baini, Italian priest, composer, and critic (d. 1844)
• 1790 – Alphonse de Lamartine, French poet and politician, French Head of State (d. 1869)
• 1811 – Filippo Colini, Italian opera singer (d. 1863)
• 1821 – Sims Reeves, English tenor (d. 1900)
• 1833 – Alfred Nobel, Swedish chemist and engineer, invented dynamite and founded the Nobel Prize (d. 1896)
• 1845 – Will Carleton, American poet and journalist (d. 1912)
• 1847 – Giuseppe Giacosa, Italian poet and playwright (d. 1906)
• 1851 – George Ulyett, English cricketer and footballer (d. 1898)
• 1884 – Claire Waldoff, German singer and actress (d. 1957)
• 1886 – Eugene Burton Ely, American soldier and pilot (d. 1911)
• 1887 – Mihkel Müller, Estonian wrestler (d. 1970)
• 1887 – Krishna Singh, Indian politician, 1st Chief Minister of Bihar (d. 1961)
• 1894 – Edogawa Ranpo, Japanese author and critic (d. 1965)
• 1895 – Paavo Johansson, Finnish javelin thrower and decathlete (d. 1983)
• 1895 – Edna Purviance, American actress (d. 1958)
• 1898 – Eduard Pütsep, Estonian wrestler and actor (d. 1960)
• 1907 – Nikos Engonopoulos, Greek painter and poet (d. 1985)
• 1908 – Niyazi Berkes, Turkish Cypriot sociologist (d. 1988)
• 1911 – Mary Blair, American illustrator and animator (d. 1978)
• 1912 – Don Byas, American saxophonist (d. 1972)
• 1912 – Alfredo Pián, Argentinian race car driver (d. 1990)
• 1912 – Georg Solti, Hungarian-English conductor (d. 1997)
• 1914 – Martin Gardner, American mathematician and author (d. 2010)
• 1917 – Dizzy Gillespie, American trumpet player, composer, and bandleader (d. 1993)
• 1918 – Milton Himmelfarb, American sociographer and author (d. 2006)
• 1919 – Jim Wallwork, English-Canadian sergeant and pilot (d. 2013)
• 1921 – Malcolm Arnold, English composer (d. 2006)
• 1921 – Bruce Beeby, Australian-English actor (d. 2013)
• 1921 – Jim Shumate, American fiddler (d. 2013)
• 1921 – Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld, Dutch astronomer and academic (d. 2015)
• 1922 – Liliane Bettencourt, French businesswoman and philanthropist
• 1923 – Samuel Khachikian, Iranian director, screenwriter, and author (d. 2001)
• 1924 – Celia Cruz, Cuban-American singer (Sonora Matancera) (d. 2003)
• 1924 – Joyce Randolph, American actress
• 1924 – Julie Wilson, American actress and singer (d. 2015)
• 1925 – Virginia Zeani, Romanian soprano and educator
• 1926 – Leonard Rossiter, English actor (d. 1984)
• 1927 – Fritz Wintersteller, Austrian mountaineer
• 1927 – Howard Zieff, American film director and photographer (d. 2009)
• 1928 – Whitey Ford, American baseball player and coach
• 1928 – Vern Mikkelsen, American basketball player and coach (d. 2013)
• 1928 – Charles Ryskamp, American museum director and art collector (d. 2010)
• 1929 – Pierre Bellemare, French radio and television host
• 1929 – Fritz Hollaus, Austrian footballer (d. 1994)
• 1929 – Ursula K. Le Guin, American author and critic
• 1930 – Ivan Silayev, Russian engineer and politician, 19th Prime Minister of Russia
• 1931 – Shammi Kapoor, Indian actor and director (d. 2011)
• 1931 – Jim Parks junior, English cricketer
• 1931 – Vivian Pickles, English actress
• 1931 – Hugh Thomas, English historian and author
• 1932 – Pál Csernai, Hungarian footballer and manager (d. 2013)
• 1933 – Maureen Duffy, English author, poet, and playwright
• 1935 – Derek Bell, Irish harp player, pianist, and songwriter (The Chieftains) (d. 2002)
• 1937 – Said Afandi al-Chirkawi, Russian spiritual leader and scholar (d. 2012)
• 1937 – Hank Nelson, Australian historian and academic (d. 2012)
• 1938 – Carl Brewer, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2001)
• 1940 – Geoffrey Boycott, English cricketer and sportscaster
• 1940 – Frances FitzGerald, American journalist and author
• 1940 – Rhoda Gemignani, American actress
• 1940 – Manfred Mann, South African-English keyboard player (Manfred Mann, Manfred Mann's Earth Band, and Manfred Mann Chapter Three)
• 1940 – Marita Petersen, Faroese educator and politician, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (d. 2001)
• 1941 – Steve Cropper, American guitarist, songwriter, producer, and actor (Booker T. & the M.G.'s, The Mar-Keys, and The Blues Brothers)
• 1942 – Elvin Bishop, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1942 – Allan Grice, Australian race car driver
• 1942 – Lou Lamoriello, American ice hockey player, coach, and manager
• 1942 – Judith Sheindlin, American judge and television host
• 1942 – Christopher A. Sims, American economist and statistician, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1942 – John Stevens, Baron Stevens of Kirkwhelpington, English police officer and academic
• 1943 – Tariq Ali, Pakistani historian and author
• 1944 – Ene Mihkelson, Estonian author and poet
• 1944 – Mandy Rice-Davies, English model and actress (d. 2014)
• 1944 – Michael Tugendhat, English lawyer and judge
• 1945 – Everett McGill, American actor
• 1945 – Michael White, English journalist
• 1946 – Jane Heal, English philosopher and academic
• 1946 – Jim Hill, American football player and sportscaster
• 1946 – Lux Interior, American singer-songwriter (The Cramps) (d. 2009)
• 1946 – Lee Loughnane, American singer-songwriter and trumpet player (Chicago)
• 1947 – Ai, American poet and educator (d. 2010)
• 1947 – Mary Pipher, American psychologist and author
• 1948 – Shaye J. D. Cohen, American historian and academic
• 1948 – Tom Everett, American actor and singer
• 1948 – Allen Henry Vigneron, American archbishop
• 1949 – Michel Brière, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1971)
• 1949 – Mike Keenan, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1949 – Benjamin Netanyahu, Israeli captain and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Israel
• 1950 – Ronald McNair, American physicist and astronaut (d. 1986)
• 1951 – Dmitry Gayev, Russian civil servant (d. 2012)
• 1952 – Trevor Chappell, Australian cricketer and coach
• 1952 – Patti Davis, American actress and author
• 1952 – Allen Hoey, American poet and author
• 1952 – Brent Mydland, German-American keyboard player (Grateful Dead, Bobby and the Midnites, and Silver) (d. 1990)
• 1953 – Charlotte Caffey, American guitarist and songwriter (The Go-Go's and The Graces)
• 1953 – Eric Faulkner, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (Bay City Rollers)
• 1953 – Keith Green, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and minister (d. 1982)
• 1953 – Marc Johnson, American bassist, composer, and bandleader
• 1953 – Peter Mandelson, English politician, Secretary of State for Northern Ireland
• 1954 – Brian Tobin, Canadian journalist and politician, 6th Premier of Newfoundland
• 1955 – Dick DeVos, American businessman
• 1955 – Fred Hersch, American pianist and composer
• 1955 – Rich Mullins, American singer-songwriter (A Ragamuffin Band) (d. 1997)
• 1956 – Carrie Fisher, American actress and screenwriter
• 1956 – Mike Tully, American pole vaulter
• 1957 – Julian Cope, English singer-songwriter (The Teardrop Explodes, Crucial Three, Black Sheep, Brain Donor, and Queen Elizabeth)
• 1957 – Wolfgang Ketterle, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1957 – Steve Lukather, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Toto)
• 1958 – Andre Geim, Russian-English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1959 – George Bell, Dominican baseball player
• 1959 – Tony Ganios, American actor
• 1959 – Rose McDowall, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (Strawberry Switchblade, Spell, and Current 93)
• 1959 – Andy Picheta, English director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1959 – Kevin Sheedy, Welsh-Irish footballer and manager
• 1959 – Ken Watanabe, Japanese actor and producer
• 1962 – David Campese, Australian rugby player and coach
• 1964 – Jon Carin, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (Pink Floyd, The Who, and Industry)
• 1964 – Levent Yüksel, Turkish pop singer
• 1965 – Ion Andoni Goikoetxea, Spanish footballer and manager
• 1965 – Horace Hogan, American wrestler
• 1965 – Hisashi Imai, Japanese singer-songwriter and guitarist (Buck-Tick, Schaft, and Schwein)
• 1966 – Phillip Price, Welsh golfer
• 1966 – Igor Prins, Estonian footballer and manager
• 1966 – Arne Sandstø, Norwegian footballer and manager
• 1967 – Georgi Dakov, Bulgarian high jumper (d. 1996)
• 1967 – Paul Ince, English footballer and manager
• 1967 – Gavin Lovegrove, New Zealand javelin thrower and graphic designer
• 1968 – Alexandros Alexandris, Greek footballer and manager
• 1968 – Kerstin Andreae, German politician
• 1968 – Melora Walters, Saudi Arabian-American actress
• 1969 – Salman bin Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, Bahraini prince
• 1969 – Michael Hancock, Australian rugby league player
• 1969 – Mo Lewis, American football player
• 1970 – Louis Koo, Hong Kong actor and singer
• 1971 – Hal Duncan, Scottish author and poet
• 1971 – Jade Jagger, French-English model and jewellery designer
• 1971 – Damien Martyn, Australian cricketer
• 1971 – Nick Oliveri, American singer-songwriter and bass player (Mondo Generator, Kyuss, and Queens of the Stone Age)
• 1971 – Conor O'Shea, Irish rugby player and coach
• 1971 – Paul Telfer, Scottish footballer and coach
• 1971 – Thomas Ulsrud, Norwegian curler
• 1972 – Felicity Andersen, Australian actress
• 1972 – Matthew Friedberger, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Fiery Furnaces)
• 1972 – Masakazu Morita, Japanese voice actor
• 1972 – Orlando Thomas, American football player (d. 2014)
• 1972 – Evhen Tsybulenko, Ukrainian scholar and academic
• 1973 – Lera Auerbach, Russian-American pianist and composer
• 1973 – Sasha Roiz, Israeli-Canadian actor
• 1973 – Charlie Lowell, American pianist and songwriter (Jars of Clay)
• 1974 – Costel Busuioc, Romanian tenor
• 1975 – Toby Hall, American baseball player
• 1975 – Henrique Hilário, Portuguese footballer
• 1976 – Henrik Gustavsson, Swedish footballer
• 1976 – Jeremy Miller, American actor and singer
• 1976 – Lavinia Miloșovici, Romanian gymnast
• 1976 – Josh Ritter, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1976 – Andrew Scott, Irish actor
• 1976 – Mélanie Turgeon, Canadian skier
• 1977 – Julieta Cardinali, Argentinian actress
• 1977 – David Clayton Rogers, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
• 1978 – Will Estes, American actor
• 1978 – Joey Harrington, American football player and sportscaster
• 1978 – Henrik Klingenberg, Finnish singer and keyboard player (Sonata Arctica and Silent Voices)
• 1979 – Khalil Greene, American baseball player
• 1979 – Gabe Gross, American baseball player
• 1979 – Karl Harris, English motorcycle racer (d. 2014)
• 1979 – Shiho Takano, Japanese actress
• 1980 – Kim Kardashian, American model, actress, and fashion designer
• 1980 – Brian Pittman, American bass player (Relient K and Inhale Exhale)
• 1981 – Carmella Bing, American porn actress and model
• 1981 – Martin Castrogiovanni, Argentinian-Italian rugby player
• 1981 – Nemanja Vidić, Serbian footballer
• 1982 – Matt Dallas, American actor
• 1982 – Jim Henderson, American baseball player
• 1982 – Antony Kay, English footballer
• 1982 – Ray Ventrone, American football player
• 1982 – Lee Chong Wei, Malaysian badminton player
• 1982 – James White, American basketball player
• 1982 – Tim Wildsmith, American singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1983 – Casey Fien, American baseball player
• 1983 – Zack Greinke, American baseball player
• 1983 – Gonzalo Klusener, Argentinian footballer
• 1983 – Andy Marte, Dominican baseball player
• 1983 – Chris Sherrington, English-Scottish martial artist
• 1983 – Charlotte Sullivan, Canadian actress
• 1983 – Ninet Tayeb, Israeli singer and actress
• 1983 – Aaron Tveit, American actor and singer
• 1983 – Shelden Williams, American basketball player
• 1984 – Anna Bogdanova, Russian heptathlete
• 1984 – Tom Brandstater, American football player
• 1984 – Kenny Cooper, American soccer player
• 1984 – Anouk Leblanc-Boucher, Canadian speed skater
• 1984 – José Lobatón, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1984 – Jessica Michibata, Argentine-Japanese model
• 1984 – Marvin Mitchell, American football player
• 1984 – Kieran Richardson, English footballer
• 1985 – Simone Bracalello, Italian footballer
• 1986 – Almen Abdi, Swiss footballer
• 1986 – Chibuzor Chilaka, Nigerian footballer
• 1986 – Scott Rendell, English footballer
• 1986 – Tamerlan Tsarnaev, Russian-American terrorist (d. 2013)
• 1986 – Christopher von Uckermann, Mexican singer-songwriter and actor (RBD)
• 1987 – Justin De Fratus, American baseball player
• 1987 – Andrey Grechin, Russian swimmer
• 1988 – Ricki Olsen, Danish footballer
• 1988 – Daniel Schorn, Austrian cyclist
• 1989 – May'n, Japanese singer
• 1989 – Mads Dahm, Norwegian footballer
• 1989 – Luke Murphy, English footballer
• 1989 – Jonathan Viera, Spanish footballer
• 1989 – Sam Vokes, English-Welsh footballer
• 1990 – Bengali-Fodé Koita, French footballer
• 1990 – Mathieu Peybernes, French footballer
• 1990 – Ricky Rubio, Spanish basketball player
• 1991 – Tom Eastman, English footballer
• 1991 – Geoffry Hairemans, Belgian footballer
• 1991 – Vadaine Oliver, English footballer
• 1991 – Harry Pell, English footballer
• 1992 – Bernard Tomic, Australian tennis player
• 1994 – DeAndre Brackensick, American singer
• 1995 – Cameron Burgess, Scottish-born, Australian footballer
• 1995 – Antoinette Guedia Mouafo, Cameroonian swimmer
• 1995 – Shannon Magrane, American singer-songwriter
• 1998 – Ryoka Oshima, Japanese idol and singer (AKB48)

Deaths[edit]

• 1125 – Cosmas of Prague, Bohemian priest and historian (b. 1045)
• 1204 – Robert de Beaumont, 4th Earl of Leicester, English politician
• 1221 – Alix, Duchess of Brittany (b. 1201)
• 1266 – Birger Jarl, Swedish politician (b. 1210)
• 1422 – Charles VI of France (b. 1368)
• 1500 – Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado of Japan (b. 1442)
• 1505 – Paul Scriptoris, German mathematician and educator (b. 1460)
• 1558 – Julius Caesar Scaliger, Italian physician and scholar (b. 1484)
• 1600 – Shima Sakon, Japanese samurai (b. 1540)
• 1600 – Toda Katsushige, Japanese daimyo (b. 1557)
• 1623 – William Wade, English politician and diplomat, Lieutenant of the Tower of London (b. 1546)
• 1662 – Henry Lawes, English pianist and composer (b. 1595)
• 1687 – Edmund Waller, English poet and politician (b. 1606)
• 1765 – Giovanni Paolo Panini, Italian painter and architect (b. 1691)
• 1775 – Peyton Randolph, American lawyer and politician, 1st President of the Continental Congress (b. 1721)
• 1777 – Samuel Foote, English actor and playwright (b. 1720)
• 1805 – John Cooke, English captain (b. 1763)
• 1805 – George Duff, Scottish captain (b. 1764)
• 1805 – Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, English admiral (b. 1758)
• 1821 – Dorothea Ackermann, German actress (b. 1752)
• 1835 – Muthuswami Dikshitar, Indian poet and composer (b. 1775)
• 1872 – Jacques Babinet, French physicist, mathematician, and astronomer (b. 1794)
• 1873 – Johan Sebastian Welhaven, Norwegian author, poet, and critic (b. 1807)
• 1896 – James Henry Greathead, South African-English engineer (b. 1844)
• 1903 – Jinmaku Kyūgorō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 12th Yokozuna (b. 1829)
• 1904 – Isabelle Eberhardt, Swiss explorer and journalist (b. 1877)
• 1907 – Jules Chevalier, French priest, founded the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart (b. 1824)
• 1931 – Arthur Schnitzler, Austrian author and playwright (b. 1862)
• 1938 – Dorothy Hale, American actress (b. 1905)
• 1940 – William G. Conley, American journalist, lawyer, and politician, 18th Governor of West Virginia (b. 1866)
• 1944 – Alois Kayser, German-French missionary (b. 1877)
• 1945 – Lionel Martin, co-founder of Aston Martin (b. 1878)
• 1952 – Hans Merensky, South African geologist and philanthropist (b. 1871)
• 1963 – Józef Franczak, Polish sergeant (b. 1918)
• 1965 – Bill Black, American bass player (The Blue Moon Boys) (b. 1926)
• 1969 – Jack Kerouac, American author and poet (b. 1922)
• 1969 – Wacław Sierpiński, Polish mathematician and academic (b. 1882)
• 1973 – Nasif Estéfano, Argentinian race car driver (b. 1932)
• 1975 – Charles Reidpath, American runner and general (b. 1887)
• 1977 – Ferit Tüzün, Turkish composer (b. 1929)
• 1978 – Anastas Mikoyan, Armenian-Russian politician (b. 1895)
• 1980 – Hans Asperger, Austrian physician and psychologist (b. 1906)
• 1982 – Radka Toneff, Norwegian singer (b. 1952)
• 1982 – Keith Green, American singer, songwriter, musician, minister (b. 1953)
• 1984 – François Truffaut, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1932)
• 1985 – Dan White, American sergeant and politician (b. 1946)
• 1986 – Lionel Murphy, Australian jurist and politician, 22nd Attorney-General of Australia (b. 1922)
• 1987 – Salme Rootare, Estonian chess player (b. 1913)
• 1989 – Jean Image, Hungarian-French director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1910)
• 1990 – Dany Chamoun, Lebanese politician (b. 1934)
• 1990 – Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar, Indian philosopher and author (b. 1921)
• 1991 – Lorenc Antoni, Albanian composer, conductor, and musicologist (b. 1909)
• 1992 – Jim Garrison, American lawyer and judge (b. 1921)
• 1993 – Sam Zolotow, American journalist and critic (b. 1899)
• 1995 – Maxene Andrews, American singer (The Andrews Sisters) (b. 1916)
• 1995 – Jesús Blasco, Spanish author and illustrator (b. 1919)
• 1995 – Nancy Graves, American artist (b. 1939)
• 1995 – Shannon Hoon, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Blind Melon) (b. 1967)
• 1996 – Georgios Zoitakis, Greek general (b. 1910)
• 1998 – Francis W. Sargent, American soldier and politician, 64th Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1915)
• 1999 – Lars Bo, Danish author and illustrator (b. 1924)
• 1999 – Ahmet Taner Kışlalı, Turkish intellectual, political scientist, lawyer, commentator/author for the Cumhuriyet newspaper, academics and politician (b. 1939)
• 2003 – Fred Berry, American actor and dancer (b. 1951)
• 2003 – Louise Day Hicks, American lawyer and politician (b. 1916)
• 2003 – Luis A. Ferré, Puerto Rican engineer and politician, 3rd Governor of Puerto Rico (b. 1904)
• 2003 – Elliott Smith, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Heatmiser) (b. 1969)
• 2006 – Sandy West, American singer-songwriter and drummer (The Runaways) (b. 1959)
• 2007 – Paul Fox, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Ruts) (b. 1951)
• 2010 – A. Ayyappan, Indian poet and translator (b. 1949)
• 2011 – Hikmet Bilâ, Turkish journalist and author (b. 1954)
• 2011 – Aleksandr Olerski, Estonian footballer (b. 1973)
• 2011 – Tone Pavček, Slovenian poet and author (b. 1928)
• 2012 – Yash Chopra, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1932)
• 2012 – Antoni Dobrowolski, Polish educator (b. 1904)
• 2012 – Jaroslav Kozlík, Czech volleyball player and educator (b. 1907)
• 2012 – Alf Kumalo, South African photographer and journalist (b. 1930)
• 2012 – George McGovern, American historian, lieutenant, and politician (b. 1922)
• 2013 – Bud Adams, American businessman (b. 1923)
• 2013 – Gianni Ferrio, Italian composer and conductor (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Rune T. Kidde, Danish author, poet, and illustrator (b. 1957)
• 2013 – Colonel Robert Morris, American singer-songwriter and drummer (b. 1954)
• 2013 – Major Owens, American librarian and politician (b. 1936)
• 2013 – Tony Summers, Welsh swimmer (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Oscar Yanes, Venezuelan journalist and author (b. 1927)
• 2014 – Benjamin C. Bradlee, American journalist and author (b. 1921)
• 2014 – Lilli Carati, Italian model and actress (b. 1956)
• 2014 – Johnny Lee Clary, American wrestler and Ku Klux Klan leader (b. 1959)
• 2014 – Nelson Bunker Hunt, American businessman (b. 1926)
• 2014 – Seth Gaaikema, Dutch comedian and author (b. 1939)
• 2014 – Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani, Iranian cleric and politician, Prime Minister of Iran (b. 1931)
• 2014 – Gough Whitlam, Australian lieutenant, lawyer, and politician, 21st Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1916)